## Arakhin Daf 15a

###### Arakhin 15a:1
[Arakhin 15a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:1)

אִילּוּ בָּאוּ עָלֶיהָ שְׁנַיִם, אֶחָד שֶׁלֹּא כְּדַרְכָּהּ וְאֶחָד כְּדַרְכָּהּ, יֹאמְרוּ: בָּעַל פְּגוּמָה — חֲמִשִּׁים, בָּעַל שְׁלֵמָה — חֲמִשִּׁים?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Had two** men **engaged in** forced **intercourse with her, one in an atypical manner,** i.e., anal intercourse, leaving her hymen untouched, **and one in a typical manner,** vaginal intercourse, in which case the second man pays the fine, people **will say:** Does it make sense that one who **engaged in** forced **intercourse** with **a tainted** woman, who has had anal intercourse, pays **fifty** *sela*, and one who **engaged in** forced **intercourse** with **an untainted** virgin also pays **fifty** *sela*? Apparently, the fifty *sela* is the fixed sum of the fine, while the rest of the payment varies on a case-by-case basis.


###### Arakhin 15a:2
[Arakhin 15a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:2)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ אַבָּיֵי: אִי הָכִי, גַּבֵּי עֶבֶד נָמֵי יֹאמְרוּ: עֶבֶד בָּרִיא — שְׁלֹשִׁים, עֶבֶד מוּכֵּה שְׁחִין — שְׁלֹשִׁים!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Abaye** again **said to** Rav Zeira: **If so,** the same claim can be applied **with regard to a slave** who is killed by an ox. People **will say:** Does it make sense that **a healthy slave** is worth **thirty** *sela* and **a slave afflicted with boils** is also worth **thirty** *sela*? Yet the mishna clearly indicates that there is no distinction, as the Torah states a fixed amount.


###### Arakhin 15a:3
[Arakhin 15a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:3)

אֶלָּא אָמַר אַבָּיֵי, אָמַר קְרָא ״תַּחַת אֲשֶׁר עִנָּהּ״, מִכְּלָל דְּאִיכָּא בּוֹשֶׁת וּפְגָם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rather, Abaye said** that the reason the payment of fifty *sela* does not cover all forms of damage is that **the verse states:** “Then the man that lay with her shall give to the young woman’s father fifty silver shekels, and she shall be his wife, **because he tormented her;** he may not send her away all his days” (Deuteronomy 22:29). This means that the payment is only for the torment, i.e., the rape. It **may be inferred that there are** additional payments for **humiliation and degradation,** beyond payment of the fine.


###### Arakhin 15a:4
[Arakhin 15a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:4)

רָבָא אָמַר, דְּאָמַר קְרָא: ״וְנָתַן הָאִישׁ הַשֹּׁכֵב עִמָּהּ וְגוֹ׳״, הֲנָאַת שְׁכִיבָה חֲמִשִּׁים, מִכְּלָל דְּאִיכָּא מִילְּתָא אַחֲרִיתִי, וּמַאי נִיהוּ? בּוֹשֶׁת וּפְגָם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rava says** a different answer, **that the verse states: “Then the man that lay with her** shall give to the young woman’s father fifty silver shekels” (Deuteronomy 22:29). Rava infers from here that payment for the **pleasure of lying** with the woman is **fifty** shekel. It **may be inferred** from here **that there are** other **matters** that must be paid by the rapist. **And what are they?** Compensation for **humiliation and degradation.**


###### Arakhin 15a:5
[Arakhin 15a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:5)

**מַתְנִי׳** בְּמוֹצִיא שֵׁם רַע לְהָקֵל וּלְהַחֲמִיר, כֵּיצַד? אֶחָד שֶׁהוֹצִיא שֵׁם רַע עַל גְּדוֹלָה שֶׁבַּכְּהוּנָּה וְעַל קְטַנָּה שֶׁבְּיִשְׂרָאֵל — נוֹתֵן מֵאָה סֶלַע.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** There are *halakhot* **with regard to a defamer,** who falsely claims that his bride was not a virgin, **that are lenient and** others **that are stringent. How so? Both** one **who defamed** a young woman who is the most **prominent in the priesthood and** one who defamed a young woman who is the **lowliest among the Israelites gives** payment of **one hundred *sela*,** the fine stated in the Torah (Deuteronomy 22:19).


###### Arakhin 15a:6
[Arakhin 15a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:6)

נִמְצָא הָאוֹמֵר בְּפִיו חָמוּר מִן הָעוֹשֶׂה מַעֲשֶׂה, שֶׁכֵּן מָצִינוּ שֶׁלֹּא נִתְחַתֵּם גְּזַר דִּין עַל אֲבוֹתֵינוּ בַּמִּדְבָּר אֶלָּא עַל לָשׁוֹן הָרָע, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״וַיְנַסּוּ אוֹתִי זֶה עֶשֶׂר פְּעָמִים וְגוֹ׳״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Based on the relative scope of the fines, with the defamer paying twice the sum of the rapist and the seducer, it **is apparent** that **one who utters** malicious speech **with his mouth** is **a more severe** transgressor **than one who performs an action.** And this is corroborated, **as we found that the sentence imposed on our ancestors in the wilderness was sealed only due to the malicious speech** disseminated by the spies, **as it is stated** at that time: “All those men that have seen My glory, and My signs, which I wrought in Egypt and in the wilderness, **yet they have tried Me these ten times** and have not listened to My voice” (Numbers 14:22).


###### Arakhin 15a:7
[Arakhin 15a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:7)

**גְּמָ׳** מִמַּאי? דִּלְמָא מִשּׁוּם דְּקָא גָרֵים לַהּ קְטָלָא, דִּכְתִיב: ״וְאִם אֱמֶת הָיָה הַדָּבָר וְגוֹ׳ וְהוֹצִיאוּ אֶת הַנַּעֲרָה וְגוֹ׳״!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** The mishna teaches that one who utters malicious speech with his mouth is a more severe sinner than one who performs an action. The Gemara asks: **From where** is this proven? **Perhaps** the punishment for the one who defames is more severe **because the** defamation has the potential **to cause** his wife’s **death. As it is written: “But if this thing be true,** that the signs of virginity were not found in the young woman, **then they shall bring out the young woman** to the door of her father’s house, and the men of her city shall stone her with stones that she die” (Deuteronomy 22:20–21).


###### Arakhin 15a:8
[Arakhin 15a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:8)

אָמַר רָבָא, אָמַר קְרָא: ״כִּי הוֹצִיא שֵׁם רָע״, עַל שֵׁם רַע שֶׁהוֹצִיא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rava said** that **the verse states:** “And they shall fine him a hundred shekels of silver, and give them unto the father of the young woman, **because he has defamed** a virgin of Israel; and she shall be his wife; he may not send her away all his days” (Deuteronomy 22:19). This indicates that he is punished severely for his words, **for the defamation,** not because she might be put to death.


###### Arakhin 15a:9
[Arakhin 15a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:9)

וְכֵן מָצִינוּ שֶׁלֹּא נִתְחַתֵּם גְּזַר דִּין וְכוּ׳. מִמַּאי דִּלְמָא דְּאַכַּתִּי לָא מְלָא סְאָתָן, דְּאָמַר רַב הַמְנוּנָא: אֵין הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא נִפְרָע מִן הָאָדָם עַד שֶׁתִּתְמַלֵּא סְאָתוֹ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״בִּמְלֹאת סִפְקוֹ יֵצֶר לוֹ״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna teaches: **As we found that the sentence** imposed on our ancestors in the wilderness **was sealed only** due to the malicious speech disseminated by the spies. The Gemara asks: **From where** is known that their punishment was due to the malicious speech of the spies? **Perhaps** until that time **their *se’a*,** the measure of their sins warranting punishment, **was not** yet **filled, as Rav Hamnuna says: The Holy One, Blessed be He, does not punish a person until his *se’a* is filled, as it is stated: “In the fullness of his sufficiency he shall be in straits”** (Job 20:22). In other words, one is punished only when he has committed a sufficient number of sins, and the malicious speech of the spies was simply the last of a series of transgressions.


###### Arakhin 15a:10
[Arakhin 15a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:10)

אָמַר רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ, אָמַר קְרָא: ״וַיְנַסּוּ אוֹתִי זֶה עֶשֶׂר פְּעָמִים״, עַל זֶה נִתְחַתֵּם גְּזַר דִּין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Reish Lakish said** that **the verse states:** “All those men who have seen My glory, and My signs, which I wrought in Egypt and in the wilderness, **yet they have tried Me now [*zeh*] ten times** and have not listened to My voice” (Numbers 14:22). The extra word “now [*zeh*]” teaches that their **sentence was sealed for this** specific sin, i.e., the malicious speech of the spies.


###### Arakhin 15a:11
[Arakhin 15a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:11)

תַּנְיָא, אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן פַּרְטָא: בּוֹא וּרְאֵה כַּמָּה גָּדוֹל כֹּחַ שֶׁל לָשׁוֹן הָרָע, מְנָלַן? מִמְּרַגְּלִים; וּמָה הַמּוֹצִיא שֵׁם רַע עַל עֵצִים וַאֲבָנִים כָּךְ, הַמּוֹצִיא שֵׁם רַע עַל חֲבֵירוֹ עַל אַחַת כַּמָּה וְכַמָּה!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
It **is taught** in a *baraita* that **Rabbi Elazar ben Perata says: Come and see how great the power of malicious speech is. From where do we** derive this? **From the** punishment received by the **spies. And if one who defames** the **wood and rocks** of Eretz Yisrael received **such** a severe punishment, then with regard to **one who defames another** person, **all the more so** will he be punished severely.


###### Arakhin 15a:12
[Arakhin 15a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:12)

מִמַּאי? דִּלְמָא מִשּׁוּם דְּרַבִּי חֲנִינָא בַּר פָּפָּא, דְּאָמַר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא בַּר פָּפָּא: דָּבָר גָּדוֹל דִּבְּרוּ מְרַגְּלִים בְּאוֹתָהּ שָׁעָה, דִּכְתִיב: ״כִּי חָזָק הוּא מִמֶּנוּ״, אַל תִּיקְרֵי ״כִּי חָזָק הוּא מִמֶּנוּ״ אֶלָּא ״מִמֶּנּוּ״, כִּבְיָכוֹל, בַּעַל הַבַּיִת אֵין יָכוֹל לְהוֹצִיא כֵּלָיו מִשָּׁם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **From where** is it known that the punishment of the spies was for malicious speech? **Perhaps** their punishment was **due to** the sin explained **by Rabbi Ḥanina bar Pappa. As Rabbi Ḥanina bar Pappa says: The spies uttered a great statement** of blasphemy **at that time. As it is written:** “But the men that went up with him said: We are not able to go up against the people; **for they are stronger than us [*mimmennu*]”** (Numbers 13:31). **Do not read** this as **“for they are stronger than us [*mimmennu*]” but** rather read it as: For they are stronger **than Him [*mimmennu*].** i.e., stronger than God. They were saying, **as it were,** that **the owner,** i.e., God, **cannot remove His utensils,** the inhabitants of Eretz Yisrael, **from there.** If so, one can explain that the spies were punished for their blasphemy rather than for their malicious speech.


###### Arakhin 15a:13
[Arakhin 15a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:13)

אֶלָּא אָמַר רַבָּה אָמַר רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ, אָמַר קְרָא: ״וַיָּמוּתוּ הָאֲנָשִׁים מוֹצִאֵי דִבַּת הָאָרֶץ רָעָה״, עַל דִּבַּת הָאָרֶץ שֶׁהוֹצִיאוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rather, Rabba says** that **Reish Lakish says** that **the verse states: “Those men that brought up an evil report of the land died** by the plague before the Lord” (Numbers 14:37). This teaches that they were punished not for their blasphemy but **for the** evil **report of the land that they brought.**


###### Arakhin 15a:14
[Arakhin 15a:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:14)

תַּנְיָא: אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה, עֶשֶׂר נִסְיוֹנוֹת נִיסּוּ אֲבוֹתֵינוּ לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: שְׁנַיִם בַּיָּם, וּשְׁנַיִם בַּמַּיִם, שְׁנַיִם בַּמָּן, שְׁנַיִם בַּשְּׂלָיו, אַחַת בָּעֵגֶל, וְאַחַת בְּמִדְבַּר פָּארָן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
It **is taught** in a *baraita* that **Rabbi Yehuda says: Our ancestors tried the Holy One, Blessed be He** with **ten trials: Two at the sea, and two with water, two with the manna, two with the quail, one with the** golden **calf, and one in the wilderness of Paran.**


###### Arakhin 15a:15
[Arakhin 15a:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:15)

שְׁנַיִם בַּיָּם: אַחַת בַּיְּרִידָה וְאַחַת בָּעֲלִיָּיה. בַּיְּרִידָה — דִּכְתִיב ״הַמִבְּלִי אֵין קְבָרִים בְּמִצְרַיִם״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara lists the ten trials in detail. **Two at the sea: One when** the Jews **descended** into the sea, **and one when** they **ascended** from the sea. The Jews tried God **when** they **descended** into the sea, **as it is written:** “And they said to Moses: **Because there were no graves in Egypt,** have you taken us away to die in the wilderness? What is this you have done to us, to take us out of Egypt” (Exodus 14:11).


###### Arakhin 15a:16
[Arakhin 15a:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:16)

בָּעֲלִיָּיה — כִּדְרַב הוּנָא, דְּאָמַר רַב הוּנָא: יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁבְּאוֹתוֹ הַדּוֹר מִקְּטַנֵּי אֲמָנָה הָיוּ, כִּדְרַבָּה בַּר מָרִי, דְּאָמַר רַבָּה בַּר מָרִי: מַאי דִּכְתִיב ״וַיַּמְרוּ עַל יָם בְּיַם סוּף וַיּוֹשִׁיעֵם לְמַעַן שְׁמוֹ״? מְלַמֵּד שֶׁהָיוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל מַמְרִים בְּאוֹתָהּ שָׁעָה, וְאוֹמְרִים: כְּשֵׁם שֶׁאָנוּ עוֹלִים מִצַּד זֶה כָּךְ מִצְרַיִם עוֹלִים מִצַּד אַחֵר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
And they also tried God **when** they **ascended** from the sea, **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rav Huna, as Rav Huna says: The Jewish people of that generation,** during the Exodus, **were of little faith.** This is **in accordance with** a statement of **Rabba bar Mari. As Rabba bar Mari says: What** is the meaning of that **which is written: “But they were rebellious at the sea, even at the Red Sea. Nevertheless, He saved them for His Name’s sake”** (Psalms 106:7–8)? This **teaches that the Jews were rebellious at that time, and they said: Just as we are ascending from one side, so too** perhaps **the Egyptians are ascending from** the **other side,** and we will not be saved.


###### Arakhin 15a:17
[Arakhin 15a:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:17)

אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְשַׂר שֶׁל יָם: פְּלוֹט אוֹתָם לַיַּבָּשָׁה! אָמַר לְפָנָיו: רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם, כְּלוּם יֵשׁ עֶבֶד שֶׁנּוֹתֵן לוֹ רַבּוֹ מַתָּנָה וְחוֹזֵר וְנוֹטְלָהּ הֵימֶנּוּ? אָמַר לוֹ: אֲנִי נוֹתֵן לְךָ אֶחָד וּמֶחֱצָה שֶׁבָּהֶם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The Holy One, Blessed be He, said to the ministering angel of the sea: Spew out** the dead Egyptians **onto dry land.** The ministering angel **said before Him: Master of the Universe, is there a servant whose master gives him a gift and then takes it from him?** Since the dead Egyptians were given to me for my fish to eat, how can You retract Your gift? God **said to** the sea: **I will give you one and a half** times **their** number. Although I am taking them back now, later I will give you one and a half times as many people. In the case of the Egyptians it is stated: “Six hundred chosen chariots” (Exodus 14:7), whereas with regard to Sisera, who was defeated at the Kishon Brook, it is written: “Nine hundred chariots of iron” (Judges 4:13).


###### Arakhin 15a:18
[Arakhin 15a:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:18)

אָמַר לְפָנָיו: רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם, כְּלוּם יֵשׁ עֶבֶד שֶׁתּוֹבֵעַ אֶת רַבּוֹ? אָמַר לוֹ: נַחַל קִישׁוֹן יִהְיֶה עָרֵב, מִיָּד פְּלָטָן לַיַּבָּשָׁה, דִּכְתִיב: ״וַיַּרְא יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת מִצְרַיִם מֵת עַל וְגוֹ׳״

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The ministering angel **said before Him: Master of the Universe, is there a servant who issues a claim against his master** for a gift promised to him? Who will be the guarantor? God **said to** the ministering angel: **The Kishon Brook will be a guarantor** for Me. **Immediately,** the sea **spewed** the Egyptians **out onto the land,** and the Jewish people came and saw that they were dead. **As it is written: “And Israel saw the Egyptians dead upon** the seashore” (Exodus 14:30).


###### Arakhin 15a:19
[Arakhin 15a:19](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:19)

שְׁנַיִם בַּמַּיִם — בְּמָרָה וּבִרְפִידִים. בְּמָרָה, דִּכְתִיב: ״וַיָּבוֹאוּ מָרָתָה וְלֹא יָכְלוּ לִשְׁתּוֹת״, וּכְתִיב: ״וַיָּלֶן הָעָם עַל מֹשֶׁה״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara continues its list of the Jewish people’s trials of God: **Two with water:** One **in Mara and** one **in Rephidim.** The Jewish people tested God **in Mara as it is written: “And when they came to Mara, they could not drink** of the waters of Mara, for they were bitter. Therefore the name of it was called Mara” (Exodus 15:23), as Mara means bitter. **And it is written: “And the people murmured against Moses,** saying: What shall we drink?” (Exodus 15:24).


###### Arakhin 15a:20
[Arakhin 15a:20](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:20)

בִּרְפִידִים — דִּכְתִיב: ״וַיַּחֲנוּ בִּרְפִידִים וְאֵין מַיִם לִשְׁתּוֹת״, וּכְתִיב: ״וַיָּרֶב הָעָם עִם מֹשֶׁה״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Jewish people also tested God **in Rephidim, as it is written:** “And all the congregation of the children of Israel journeyed from the wilderness of Sin, by their stages, according to the commandment of the Lord, **and encamped in Rephidim; and there was no water** for the people **to drink”** (Exodus 17:1). **And it is written: “And the people fought with Moses,** and said: Give us water that we may drink. And Moses said to them: Why do you fight with me? Why do you test the Lord?” (Exodus 17:2).


###### Arakhin 15a:21
[Arakhin 15a:21](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Arakhin/r/15a:21)

שְׁנַיִם בַּמָּן — דִּכְתִיב:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara continues: **Two with manna, as it is written:**