## Avodah Zarah Daf 14a

###### Avodah Zarah 14a:1
[Avodah Zarah 14a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/14a:1)

**גְּמָ׳** מַאי ״אִיצְטְרוֹבְלִין״? תּוּרְנִיתָא. וּרְמִינְהוּ: הוֹסִיפוּ עֲלֵיהֶן אֲלֶכְסִין וְאִיצְטְרוֹבְלִין, מוֹכְסָסִין וּבְנוֹת שׁוּחַ, וְאִי סָלְקָא דַעְתָּךְ אִיצְטְרוֹבְלִין תּוּרְנִיתָא — תּוּרְנִיתָא מִי אִיתָא בִּשְׁבִיעִית?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** The Gemara analyzes the terms in the mishna: **What** is the meaning of ***itzterubalin*?** This is the plant known as ***torenita*. And** the Gemara **raises a contradiction** from a *baraita*: The Sages **added to** the list of plants whose use is prohibited during the Sabbatical Year: ***Alekesin* and *itzterubalin*, *mukhsasin*, and *benot shuaḥ*. And if it would enter your mind** to say that ***itzterubalin*** is ***torenita*, is there *torenita*** that is subject to the *halakhot* **of the Sabbatical** Year?


###### Avodah Zarah 14a:2
[Avodah Zarah 14a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/14a:2)

וְהָתְנַן: ״זֶה הַכְּלָל: כֹּל שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ עִיקָּר — יֵשׁ לוֹ שְׁבִיעִית, וְכֹל שֶׁאֵין לוֹ עִיקָּר — אֵין לוֹ שְׁבִיעִית״! אֶלָּא אָמַר רַב סָפְרָא: פֵּירֵי דְּאַרְזָא, וְכֵן כִּי אֲתָא רָבִין אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר: פֵּירֵי דְּאַרְזָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara explains: **But didn’t we learn** in a *baraita* that **this is the principle: Anything that has a root** and grows **is subject to** the *halakhot* of **the Sabbatical** Year, **and** anything **that does not have a root is not subject to** the *halakhot* of **the Sabbatical** Year? If so, *torenita*, which has no roots, is not subject to the *halakhot* of the Sabbatical Year, and therefore it cannot be identified as *itzterubalin*. **Rather, Rav Safra says:** What is *itzterubalin*? It is **the fruit of the cedar** tree. **And similarly, when Ravin came** from Eretz Yisrael, he said that **Rabbi Elazar says:** *Itzterubalin* is **the fruit of the cedar** tree.


###### Avodah Zarah 14a:3
[Avodah Zarah 14a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/14a:3)

בְּנוֹת שׁוּחַ — אָמַר רַבָּה בַּר בַּר חָנָה אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: תְּאֵינֵי חִיוָּרָאתָא. וּפְטוֹטָרוֹת — אָמַר רַבָּה בַּר בַּר חָנָה אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: בִּפְטוֹטְרוֹתֵיהֶן שָׁנוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The mishna includes ***benot shuaḥ*** among the items one may not sell to a gentile. **Rabba bar bar Ḥana says** that **Rabbi Yoḥanan says:** These are **white figs.** The mishna states: **And *petotarot*. Rabba bar bar Ḥana says** that **Rabbi Yoḥanan says:** This is not another type of fruit; rather, the mishna here **taught** that the sale of the various fruits listed in the mishna is prohibited only when they are sold **with their stems,** not if they have been pruned.


###### Avodah Zarah 14a:4
[Avodah Zarah 14a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/14a:4)

לְבוֹנָה — אָמַר רַבִּי יִצְחָק אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ: לְבוֹנָה זַכָּה. תָּנָא: וּמִכּוּלָּן מוֹכְרִין לָהֶן חֲבִילָה, וְכַמָּה חֲבִילָה? פֵּירֵשׁ רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בֶּן בְּתִירָא: אֵין חֲבִילָה פְּחוּתָה מִשְּׁלֹשָׁה מָנִין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The mishna taught that selling **frankincense** to gentiles is prohibited. **Rabbi Yitzḥak says** that **Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish says:** The mishna is referring specifically to **pure frankincense,** which is used as incense for objects of idol worship. A Sage **taught: And with regard to all** of these items whose sale is prohibited, **one may sell to** gentiles a large **bundle** of merchandise, as it is clear that the gentile intends to sell the merchandise rather than sacrifice it to his object of idol worship. **And how much** does such **a bundle** weigh? **Rabbi Yehuda ben Beteira explained:** For the purposes of this *halakha*, **no bundle is less than** the weight of **three hundred dinars.**


###### Avodah Zarah 14a:5
[Avodah Zarah 14a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/14a:5)

וְלֵיחוּשׁ דִּלְמָא אָזֵיל וּמְזַבֵּין לְאַחֲרִינֵי וּמַקְטְרִי! אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: אַ״לִּפְנֵי״ מִפַּקְּדִינַן, אַ״לִּפְנֵי״ דְּ״לִפְנֵי״ לָא מִפַּקְּדִינַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises a difficulty: **But let us be concerned lest** the buyer **go and sell** these items **to another** gentile, **and they sacrifice** them. **Abaye said** in response: This scenario is certainly possible, but **we are commanded** only not **to** “place a stumbling block **before** the blind” (Leviticus 19:14), i.e., one may not be the direct cause of a gentile’s idol worship. **We are not commanded** not **to** place a stumbling block **before** one who may subsequently place it **before** the blind.


###### Avodah Zarah 14a:6
[Avodah Zarah 14a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/14a:6)

וְתַרְנְגוֹל לָבָן. אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹנָה אָמַר רַבִּי זֵירָא אָמַר רַב זְבִיד, וְאִיכָּא דְּמַתְנֵי אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹנָה אָמַר רַבִּי זֵירָא: ״תַּרְנְגוֹל לְמִי״ — מוּתָּר לִמְכּוֹר לוֹ תַּרְנְגוֹל לָבָן, ״תַּרְנְגוֹל לָבָן לְמִי״ — אָסוּר לִמְכּוֹר לוֹ תַּרְנְגוֹל לָבָן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna teaches: **And** it is prohibited to sell **a white rooster** to a gentile. **Rabbi Yona says** that **Rabbi Zeira says** that **Rav Zevid says** the following ruling; **and there are** those **who teach** merely that **Rabbi Yona says** that **Rabbi Zeira says** it. If a gentile says: **Who has a rooster,** without specifying any particular type, it is **permitted to sell him a white rooster.** But if he says: **Who has a white rooster,** it is **prohibited to sell him a white rooster.**


###### Avodah Zarah 14a:7
[Avodah Zarah 14a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/14a:7)

תְּנַן: רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: מוֹכֵר הוּא לוֹ תַּרְנְגוֹל לָבָן בֵּין הַתַּרְנְגוֹלִין. הֵיכִי דָמֵי? אִילֵּימָא דְּקָאָמַר: ״תַּרְנְגוֹל לָבָן לְמִי, תַּרְנְגוֹל לָבָן לְמֵי״ — אֲפִילּוּ בֵּין הַתַּרְנְגוֹלִין נָמֵי לָא!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises an objection to this opinion. **We learned** in the mishna that **Rabbi Yehuda says: He may sell a white rooster to** a gentile, provided that it is sold **along with** other types of **roosters. What are the circumstances? If we say that** the gentile **says: Who has a white rooster, who has a white rooster;** in that case one may **not** provide him a white rooster **even** if it is sold **along** with other **roosters,** as the gentile specified that he wants a white rooster.


###### Avodah Zarah 14a:8
[Avodah Zarah 14a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/14a:8)

אֶלָּא לָאו דְּקָא אָמַר ״תַּרְנְגוֹל לְמִי, תַּרְנְגוֹל לְמִי״, וַאֲפִילּוּ הָכִי, לְרַבִּי יְהוּדָה, בֵּין הַתַּרְנְגוֹלִין — אִין, בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ — לָא, וּלְתַנָּא קַמָּא אֲפִילּוּ בֵּין הַתַּרְנְגוֹלִין נָמֵי לָא!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rather, is it not** referring to a case **where** the gentile **says: Who has a rooster, who has a rooster;** without mentioning a white rooster, **and even so, according to Rabbi Yehuda** if he sells him a white rooster **along with** other **roosters** then **yes,** it is permitted, but selling only a white rooster **by itself** is **not** permitted? **And** one can infer that **according to the first *tanna*,** who prohibits the sale of a white rooster, one may **not** sell him a white rooster **even** if it is sold **along with** other **roosters.** This does not accord with the statement of Rabbi Yona, who rules that if the gentile says: Who has a rooster, without specifying any particular type, it is permitted to sell him even a white rooster.


###### Avodah Zarah 14a:9
[Avodah Zarah 14a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/14a:9)

אָמַר רַב נַחְמָן בַּר יִצְחָק: הָכָא בְּמַאי עָסְקִינַן? כְּגוֹן דְּאָמַר ״זֶה וָזֶה״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Naḥman bar Yitzḥak said:** The mishna is not discussing the case of a gentile who asks for a rooster without specifying its color, as everyone agrees that in such a situation it is permitted to sell him a white rooster. Rather, **here we are dealing with** a case **where** the Jew had several different roosters, and the gentile **says,** pointing to different roosters: Sell me **this** one **and that** one, and one of the roosters he chose was white.


###### Avodah Zarah 14a:10
[Avodah Zarah 14a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/14a:10)

תַּנְיָא נָמֵי הָכִי, אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה: אֵימָתַי? בִּזְמַן שֶׁאָמַר ״תַּרְנְגוֹל זֶה לָבָן״, אֲבָל אִם אָמַר ״זֶה וָזֶה״ — מוּתָּר. וַאֲפִילּוּ אָמַר ״תַּרְנְגוֹל זֶה״, גּוֹי שֶׁעָשָׂה מִשְׁתֶּה לִבְנוֹ אוֹ שֶׁהָיָה לוֹ חוֹלֶה בְּתוֹךְ בֵּיתוֹ — מוּתָּר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara notes that **this** explanation **is also taught** in a *baraita*. **Rabbi Yehuda said: When** is selling a white rooster prohibited? It is prohibited **when** the gentile **said:** Sell me **this white rooster. But if he said:** Sell me **this** one **and that** one, it is **permitted. And even** if **he said:** Sell me **this rooster,** and he pointed to a white rooster, in the case of **a gentile who is preparing a feast for his son or who has a sick person in his house, it is permitted** to sell it to him, as it is clear that he wants it for the celebration for his son or for the sick person, not for idol worship.


###### Avodah Zarah 14a:11
[Avodah Zarah 14a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/14a:11)

וְהָתַנְיָא: גּוֹי שֶׁעָשָׂה מִשְׁתֶּה לִבְנוֹ, אֵינוֹ אָסוּר אֶלָּא אוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם וְאוֹתוֹ הָאִישׁ בִּלְבַד. אוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם וְאוֹתוֹ הָאִישׁ מִיהָא אָסוּר! אָמַר רַב יִצְחָק בַּר רַב מְשַׁרְשְׁיָא: בְּטַוְוזִיג.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **But isn’t it taught** in a mishna (8a): In the case of **a gentile who made a feast for his son,** engaging in business **is prohibited only** on **that day, and** with **that man alone?** This indicates that **in any event,** conducting business on **that day and** with **that man is prohibited. Rav Yitzḥak bar Rav Mesharshiyya said:** The *baraita* is speaking **about a picnic [*betavuzig*],** i.e., a social gathering rather than a wedding feast. A mere social gathering does not include the sacrifice of offerings to idolatry.


###### Avodah Zarah 14a:12
[Avodah Zarah 14a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/14a:12)

תְּנַן: וּשְׁאָר כׇּל הַדְּבָרִים — סְתָמָן מוּתָּר, וּפֵירוּשָׁן אָסוּר. מַאי סְתָמָן וּמַאי פֵּירוּשָׁן? אִילֵּימָא: סְתָמָא דְּקָאָמַר חִיטֵּי חִוָּורָתָא, פֵּירוּשָׁן דְּקָאָמַר לַעֲבוֹדָה זָרָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **We learned** in the mishna: **And** with regard to **all remaining items, without specification** it is **permitted** to sell them, **but** with **specification** it is **prohibited** to sell them. The Gemara asks: **What** is the meaning of: **Without specification, and what** is meant by: With **specification? If we say** that **without specification is** referring to a case **when** the gentile **says** that he wants **white wheat** without stating the reason he wants it, and with **specification is** referring to a case **when he says** that he will use the wheat **for idol worship,** why is it necessary for the mishna to teach this *halakha*?