## Avodah Zarah Daf 22a

###### Avodah Zarah 22a:1
[Avodah Zarah 22a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/22a:1)

אֲרִיסוּתָא לְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר לֵית לֵיהּ, אֶלָּא גּוֹי מַאי טַעְמָא מוּתָּר? דְּאָמְרִינַן לֵיהּ וְצָיֵית. כּוּתִי נָמֵי אָמְרִינַן לֵיהּ וְצָיֵית! כּוּתִי לָא צָיֵית, דְּאָמַר: אֲנָא גְּמִירְנָא טְפֵי מִינָּךְ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar does not accept** the principle that a sharecropper works for his **tenancy,** rather than as the Jew’s employee. The Gemara asks: **But** if so, with regard to **a gentile, what is the reason** that it is **permitted** to rent to him? The Gemara answers **that we say to him** that he may not perform labor on certain days, **and he complies.** The Gemara asks: If that is so, then in the case of **a Samaritan as well, we can say to him** that he may not perform labor on certain days, **and he** will **comply.** The Gemara answers: **A Samaritan** will **not comply, as he says: I am more learned than you,** and I know that it is permitted to work on these days.


###### Avodah Zarah 22a:2
[Avodah Zarah 22a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/22a:2)

אִי הָכִי, מַאי אִירְיָא מִפְּנֵי שֶׁנִּקְרֵאת עַל שְׁמוֹ? תִּיפּוֹק לֵיהּ מִשּׁוּם ״לִפְנֵי עִוֵּר לֹא תִתֵּן מִכְשֹׁל״! חֲדָא וְעוֹד קָאָמַר: חֲדָא — מִשּׁוּם ״לִפְנֵי עִוֵּר״, וְעוֹד — מִפְּנֵי שֶׁנִּקְרֵאת עַל שְׁמוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **If that is so, why** does Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar state **specifically** that the reason for the prohibition is **because** the field **is called by the name of** the owner? **Let him derive** this *halakha* **due to** the fact that the Samaritan, like a Jew, is commanded to refrain from labor during the intermediate days of the Festival, and since he will work on these days, renting him a field is included in the prohibition: **“You shall not put a stumbling block before the blind”** (Leviticus 19:14). The Gemara answers: Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar **states one** reason **and** adds **another: One** reason is **that** of the prohibition: You shall not put a stumbling block **before the blind; and, furthermore,** it is prohibited **because** the field **is called by the name of** the owner.


###### Avodah Zarah 22a:3
[Avodah Zarah 22a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/22a:3)

הָנְהוּ מוֹרִיקָאֵי דְּגוֹי נָקֵיט בְּשַׁבְּתָא, וְיִשְׂרָאֵל בְּחַד בְּשַׁבְּתָא, אֲתוֹ לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרָבָא — שְׁרָא לְהוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara relates that there were **certain saffron growers** who jointly owned a field in an arrangement according to **which a gentile took possession** of the field and worked in it **on Shabbat, and a Jew** took possession of it **on Sunday. They came before Rava,** to find out if they could divide their profits equally, and Rava **permitted them** to do so.


###### Avodah Zarah 22a:4
[Avodah Zarah 22a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/22a:4)

אֵיתִיבֵיהּ רָבִינָא לְרָבָא: יִשְׂרָאֵל וְגוֹי שֶׁקִּיבְּלוּ שָׂדֶה בְּשׁוּתָּפוּת, לֹא יֹאמַר יִשְׂרָאֵל לְגוֹי: ״טוֹל חֶלְקְךָ בַּשַּׁבָּת וַאֲנִי בַּחוֹל״, וְאִם הִתְנוּ מִתְּחִלָּה — מוּתָּר,

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Ravina raised an objection to** the ruling of **Rava** from a *baraita*: In the case of **a Jew and a gentile who received** tenancy of **a field in partnership,** with the understanding that they were to work the field and receive part of its produce in exchange, **the Jew may not say to the gentile: Take your portion** of the profit for your work **on Shabbat, and I** will take my portion for my work **on** one of the days of the rest of **the week.** The reason one may not do so is that it turns out that when the gentile worked on Shabbat, he was laboring partly on behalf of his Jewish partner. **But if they initially stipulated** when they entered into their partnership that the gentile would receive a share of the profit in exchange for his work on Shabbat, and the Jew would receive a share for the work that he performs during one of the days of the week, it is **permitted.**


###### Avodah Zarah 22a:5
[Avodah Zarah 22a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/22a:5)

וְאִם בָּאוּ לְחֶשְׁבּוֹן — אָסוּר. אִיכְּסִיף, לְסוֹף אִיגַּלַּאי מִלְּתָא דְּהִתְנוּ מֵעִיקָּרָא הֲווֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And if** they did not make this stipulation and later **came to calculate** the number of weekdays for which the Jew should receive the profit, corresponding to the number of *Shabbatot* that the gentile worked, it is **prohibited,** as this would mean that when the gentile worked on Shabbat, he was working on behalf of the Jew. Rava was **embarrassed** that he had ruled incorrectly. **Ultimately, the matter was revealed that** the saffron growers **had stipulated from the outset** that this was the arrangement, and therefore even according to the *baraita* Rava had ruled correctly.


###### Avodah Zarah 22a:6
[Avodah Zarah 22a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/22a:6)

רַב גְּבִיהָה מִבֵּי כְתִיל אָמַר: הָנְהוּ שְׁתִילֵי דְּעׇרְלָה, הֲוָה גּוֹי אָכֵיל שְׁנֵי דְּעׇרְלָה, וְיִשְׂרָאֵל שְׁנֵי דְּהֶתֵּירָא. אֲתוֹ לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרָבָא, שְׁרָא לְהוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Geviha from Bei Ketil said** that the incident was actually as follows: The Jew and the gentile formed a partnership with regard to **those *orla* saplings,** to tend to them and sell them. **The gentile would** work and **profit** from them during **the *orla* years,** the first three years after the tree is planted when it is prohibited for a Jew to eat its fruit, **and the Jew** would work and profit from them during **the years where** the fruit is **permitted. They came before Rava,** who **permitted them** to do so.


###### Avodah Zarah 22a:7
[Avodah Zarah 22a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/22a:7)

וְהָא אוֹתְבֵיהּ רָבִינָא לְרָבָא! לְסַיּוֹעֵי סַיְּיעֵיהּ. וְהָא אִכְּסִיף! לֹא הָיוּ דְבָרִים מֵעוֹלָם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **But didn’t Ravina object to** the ruling issued by **Rava?** The Gemara answers: No, Ravina’s intention was **to provide a support for** the ruling of Rava. The Gemara asks: **But** wasn’t Rava **embarrassed** by Ravina’s statement? The Gemara answers: **That never happened.**


###### Avodah Zarah 22a:8
[Avodah Zarah 22a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/22a:8)

אִיבַּעְיָא לְהוּ: סְתָמָא מַאי? תָּא שְׁמַע: אִם הִתְנוּ מִתְּחִילָּה — מוּתָּר, הָא סְתָמָא — אָסוּר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**A dilemma was raised before** the Sages: If the partners did **not specify** that the gentile would work on Shabbat and the Jew during the week, but they also did not calculate their profits so that they would split the earnings equally, **what** is the *halakha*? The Gemara attempts to provide an answer from the *baraita*: **Come** and **hear: If they initially stipulated** that the gentile would receive a share of the profit in exchange for his work on Shabbat, while the Jew would receive a share for the work on one of the other days of the week, it is **permitted.** This indicates that **without specification,** it is **prohibited.**


###### Avodah Zarah 22a:9
[Avodah Zarah 22a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/22a:9)

אֵימָא סֵיפָא: אִם בָּאוּ לְחֶשְׁבּוֹן — אָסוּר, הָא סְתָמָא — מוּתָּר! אֶלָּא, מֵהָא לֵיכָּא לְמִשְׁמַע מִינַּהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara rejects this proof: **Say the last clause: If** they **came to calculate** their profits, it is **prohibited;** this indicates that **without specification,** doing so is **permitted.** The Gemara concludes: **Rather, no** inference is **to be learned from this** *baraita*, as the inferences contradict each other.


###### Avodah Zarah 22a:10
[Avodah Zarah 22a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/22a:10)

**הֲדַרַן עֲלָךְ לִפְנֵי אֵידֵיהֶן.**


###### Avodah Zarah 22a:11
[Avodah Zarah 22a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/22a:11)

מַתְנִי׳ **אֵין מַעֲמִידִין** בְּהֵמָה בְּפוּנְדְּקָאוֹת שֶׁל גּוֹיִם, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁחֲשׁוּדִין עַל הָרְבִיעָה, וְלֹא תִּתְיַיחֵד אִשָּׁה עִמָּהֶן, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁחֲשׁוּדִין עַל הָעֲרָיוֹת, וְלֹא יִתְיַיחֵד אָדָם עִמָּהֶן, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁחֲשׁוּדִין עַל שְׁפִיכוּת דָּמִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** **One may not keep an animal in the inns [*befundekaot*] of gentiles because they are suspected of bestiality.** Since even gentiles are prohibited from engaging in bestiality, a Jew who places his animal there is guilty of violating the prohibition: “You shall not put a stumbling block before the blind” (Leviticus 19:14). **And a woman may not seclude herself with** gentiles **because they are suspected of** engaging in **forbidden sexual relations. And** any **person may not seclude himself with** gentiles **because they are suspected of bloodshed.**