## Avodah Zarah Daf 30a

###### Avodah Zarah 30a:1
[Avodah Zarah 30a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:1)

אִיחַלּוֹפֵי — כֵּיוָן דְּאִיכָּא חוֹתָם אֶחָד, לָא טָרַח וּמְזַיֵּיף.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
the concern that a gentile may secretly **exchange** his wine with the wine of a Jew, **since there is one seal,** the gentile will **not exert** himself **and forge** a different seal in order to facilitate the exchange.


###### Avodah Zarah 30a:2
[Avodah Zarah 30a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:2)

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: יַיִן מְבוּשָּׁל וַאֲלוּנְתִּית שֶׁל גּוֹיִם — אֲסוּרִין, אֲלוּנְתִּית כִּבְרִיָּיתָהּ — מוּתֶּרֶת. וְאֵיזוֹ הִיא אֲלוּנְתִּית? כְּדִתְנַן גַּבֵּי שַׁבָּת: עוֹשִׂין אֵנוֹמֵלִין וְאֵין עוֹשִׂין אֲלוּנְתִּית. וְאֵיזוֹ הִיא אֵנוֹמֵלִין וְאֵיזוֹ הִיא אֲלוּנְתִּית? אֵנוֹמֵלִין — יַיִן וּדְבַשׁ וּפִלְפְּלִין, אֲלוּנְתִּית — יַיִן יָשָׁן וּמַיִם צְלוּלִין וַאֲפַרְסְמוֹן, דְּעָבְדִי לְבֵי מַסּוּתָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara discusses the *halakha* with regard to various types of wine. **The Sages taught: Cooked wine and *aluntit* of gentiles are prohibited;** but already **prepared *aluntit*** that was made by a Jew before it entered the gentile’s possession is **permitted.** The Gemara asks: **And what is *aluntit*?** It is **as we learned** in a *baraita* **with regard to Shabbat: One may prepare *anomlin*, but one may not prepare *aluntit*.** The *baraita* clarifies: **And what is *anomlin* and what is *aluntit*? *Anomlin*** is a drink that is a mixture of **wine, honey, and pepper. *Aluntit*** is a mixture of **aged wine and clear water and balsam, which they prepare for** drinking after bathing in **a bathhouse** to cool down from the heat of the bathhouse. It is prohibited to prepare *aluntit* on Shabbat because it is a type of remedy.


###### Avodah Zarah 30a:3
[Avodah Zarah 30a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:3)

רַבָּה וְרַב יוֹסֵף דְּאָמְרִי תַּרְוַיְיהוּ: יַיִן מָזוּג אֵין בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם גִּילּוּי, יַיִן מְבוּשָּׁל אֵין בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם נִיסּוּךְ. אִיבַּעְיָא לְהוּ: יַיִן מְבוּשָּׁל יֵשׁ בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם גִּילּוּי אוֹ אֵין בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם גִּילּוּי? תָּא שְׁמַע: הֵעִיד רַבִּי יַעֲקֹב בַּר אִידִי עַל יַיִן מְבוּשָּׁל שֶׁאֵין בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם גִּילּוּי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabba and Rav Yosef both say: Diluted wine is not subject to** the *halakha* of **exposure,** according to which the consumption of a liquid is prohibited if it is left uncovered; and **cooked wine is not subject to** the *halakha* of **libation,** which prohibits deriving benefit from wine that has been in a gentile’s possession. **A dilemma was raised before them:** With regard to **cooked wine, is it subject to** the *halakha* of **exposure, or is it not subject to** the *halakha* of **exposure?** The Gemara resolves the dilemma: **Come** and **hear: Rabbi Ya’akov bar Idi testified about cooked wine** and stated **that it is not subject to** the *halakha* of **exposure.**


###### Avodah Zarah 30a:4
[Avodah Zarah 30a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:4)

רַבִּי יַנַּאי בַּר יִשְׁמָעֵאל חֲלַשׁ, עַל לְגַבֵּיהּ רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל בֶּן זֵירוּד וְרַבָּנַן לְשַׁיּוֹלֵי בֵּיהּ. יָתְבִי וְקָא מִבַּעְיָא לְהוּ: יַיִן מְבוּשָּׁל, יֵשׁ בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם גִּילּוּי אוֹ אֵין בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם גִּילּוּי? אֲמַר לְהוּ רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל בֶּן זֵירוּד: הָכִי אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ מִשּׁוּם גַּבְרָא רַבָּה, וּמַנּוּ? רַבִּי חִיָּיא: יַיִן מְבוּשָּׁל אֵין בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם גִּילּוּי. אֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ: נִסְמוֹךְ? מַחְוֵי לְהוּ רַבִּי יַנַּאי בַּר יִשְׁמָעֵאל: עָלַי וְעַל צַוָּארִי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara cites another proof that cooked wine is not subject to the *halakha* of exposure. When **Rabbi Yannai bar Yishmael became ill, Rabbi Yishmael ben Zeirud and** other **Sages went to him to inquire** about **his** health. **They were seated, and** this very **dilemma was raised before them:** With regard to **cooked wine, is it subject to** the *halakha* of **exposure, or is it not subject to** the *halakha* of **exposure? Rabbi Yishmael ben Zeirud said to them: This is what Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish says in the name of a great man.** Parenthetically, the Gemara asks: **And who is** this great man? He is **Rabbi Ḥiyya.** He said: **Cooked wine is not subject to** the *halakha* of **exposure.** The Sages **said to** Rabbi Yishmael ben Zeirud: **Shall we rely** on this claim? **Rabbi Yannai bar Yishmael motioned to them: Upon me and upon my neck,** i.e., you can certainly rely on this claim.


###### Avodah Zarah 30a:5
[Avodah Zarah 30a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:5)

שְׁמוּאֵל וְאַבְלֵט הֲווֹ יָתְבִי, אַיְיתוֹ לְקַמַּיְיהוּ חַמְרָא מְבַשְּׁלָא, מַשְׁכֵיהּ לִידֵיהּ, אֲמַר לֵיהּ שְׁמוּאֵל: הֲרֵי אָמְרוּ יַיִן מְבוּשָּׁל אֵין בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם יֵין נֶסֶךְ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates another incident: **Shmuel and Ablet,** a gentile scholar, **were sitting** together, **and** others **brought cooked wine before them.** Ablet **withdrew his hand** to avoid rendering the wine prohibited to Shmuel. Seeing this, **Shmuel said to** Ablet that the Sages **said: Cooked wine is not subject to** the prohibition of **wine** used for **a libation,** and therefore you need not withdraw your hand on my account.


###### Avodah Zarah 30a:6
[Avodah Zarah 30a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:6)

אַמְּתֵיהּ דְּרַבִּי חִיָּיא אִיגַּלִּויי לַהּ הָהוּא חַמְרָא מְבַשְּׁלָא, אֲתַאי לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרַבִּי חִיָּיא, אֲמַר לַהּ: הֲרֵי אָמְרוּ יַיִן מְבוּשָּׁל אֵין בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם גִּילּוּי. שַׁמָּעֵיהּ דְּרַב אַדָּא בַּר אַהֲבָה אִיגַּלִּי לֵיהּ חַמְרָא מְזִיגָא, אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הֲרֵי אָמְרוּ יַיִן מָזוּג אֵין בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם גִּילּוּי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara cites yet another incident: **Rabbi Ḥiyya’s maidservant** noticed that **a certain** container of **cooked wine had become exposed. She came before Rabbi Ḥiyya,** who **said to her** that the Sages **said: Cooked wine is not subject to** the *halakha* of **exposure.** Similarly, **Rav Adda bar Ahava’s attendant** noticed that **a certain** container of **diluted wine had become exposed.** Rav Adda bar Ahava **said to him** that the Sages **said: Diluted wine is not subject to** the *halakha* of **exposure.**


###### Avodah Zarah 30a:7
[Avodah Zarah 30a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:7)

אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא: לָא אֲמַרַן אֶלָּא דִּמְזִיג טוּבָא, אֲבָל מְזִיג וְלָא מְזִיג שָׁתֵי. וּמְזִיג וְלָא מְזִיג מִי שָׁתֵי? וְהָא רַבָּה בַּר רַב הוּנָא הֲוָה קָאָזֵיל בְּאַרְבָּא, וַהֲוָה נָקֵיט חַמְרָא בַּהֲדֵיהּ, וְחַזְיֵיהּ לְהָהוּא חִיוְיָא דְּצָרֵי וְאָתֵי. אֲמַר לֵיהּ לְשַׁמָּעֵיהּ: סַמִּי עֵינֵיהּ דְּדֵין. שְׁקֵיל קַלִּי מַיָּא שְׁדָא בֵּיהּ, וְסָר לַאֲחוֹרֵיהּ!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Pappa said: We said** that wine is not subject to the *halakha* of exposure **only** in a case **where it was well diluted, but** where it was only **partially diluted** a snake might still **drink** from it, and therefore it is prohibited. The Gemara rejects this claim: **And** is it correct that a snake **drinks partially diluted** wine? **But wasn’t Rabba bar Rav Huna** once **traveling on a ship while carrying** a jug of **wine with him, and he saw a certain snake that slithered and approached** the wine. **He said to his attendant: Remove the eyes of this** serpent, i.e., do something that will cause the snake to leave. His attendant **took a bit of water and threw it in** the wine, **and** the snake **turned away.** This indicates that snakes do not drink partially diluted wine.


###### Avodah Zarah 30a:8
[Avodah Zarah 30a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:8)

אַחַיָּיא מָסַר נַפְשֵׁיהּ, אַמְּזִיגָא לָא מְסַר נַפְשֵׁיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara rejects this conclusion: **For undiluted** wine, a snake **will risk its life** by exposing itself to humans, but **for diluted** wine, a snake **will not risk its life.** But in either case, if the wine is left unguarded, a snake will drink from it.


###### Avodah Zarah 30a:9
[Avodah Zarah 30a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:9)

וְאַמְּזִיגָא לָא מָסַר נַפְשֵׁיהּ? וְהָא רַבִּי יַנַּאי הֲוָה בֵּי עַכְבּוֹרֵי, וְאָמְרִי לֵיהּ: בַּר הֶדְיָא הֲוָה בֵּי עַכְבּוֹרֵי, הֲווֹ יָתְבִי וַהֲווֹ קָא שָׁתוּ חַמְרָא מְזִיגָא. פָּשׁ לְהוּ חַמְרָא בְּכוּבָא, וּצְרוּנְהִי בִּפְרוֹנְקָא, וְחַזְיֵאּ לְהָהוּא חִיוְיָא דִּשְׁקֵיל מַיָּא וּרְמָא בְּכוּבָּא עַד דִּמְלָא בְּכוּבָּא, וּסְלֵיק חַמְרָא עִילָּוֵיה פְּרוֹנְקָא וְשָׁתֵי!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises a difficulty: **And** is it true that **for diluted wine** a snake **will not risk its life? But wasn’t Rabbi Yannai** once in **Bei Akhborei, and some say** that it was **bar Hadaya** who **was** in **Bei Akhborei,** and others **were sitting** with him **and drinking diluted wine.** When they finished, **they had some wine left in the container [*bekhuva*], and they covered it with a cloth. And** then **they saw a certain snake take water** in its mouth **and pour it** through the cloth **into the container until** the liquid **filled the container and the wine flowed over** the **cloth, and** the snake **drank** the overflowing wine. This shows that a snake will risk its life to drink diluted wine.


###### Avodah Zarah 30a:10
[Avodah Zarah 30a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:10)

אָמְרִי: דְּמָזֵיג אִיהוּ שָׁתֵי, דְּמָזְגִי אַחֲרִינֵי לָא שָׁתֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Sages **say** in response: Wine **that** the snake **itself diluted, it does drink.** Wine **that another diluted, it does not drink.** In other words, a snake does not drink diluted wine unless it was diluted by the snake itself. Accordingly, even partially diluted wine is not subject to the *halakha* of exposure.


###### Avodah Zarah 30a:11
[Avodah Zarah 30a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:11)

אָמַר רַב אָשֵׁי, וְאִיתֵּימָא רַב מְשַׁרְשְׁיָא: פֵּירוּקָא לְסַכַּנְתָּא? אָמַר רָבָא: הִלְכְתָא — יַיִן מָזוּג יֵשׁ בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם גִּילּוּי, וְיֵשׁ בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם יֵין נֶסֶךְ; יַיִן מְבוּשָּׁל אֵין בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם גִּילּוּי, וְאֵין בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם יֵין נֶסֶךְ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Ashi says, and some say** that it was **Rav Mesharshiyya** who says: Are you providing **a resolution for** a situation involving **danger?** In other words, one may not endanger lives by subscribing to such reasoning. **Rava said: The *halakha*** is that **diluted wine is subject to** the *halakha* of **exposure and is** also **subject to** the prohibition of **wine** used as **a libation** for idolatry; **cooked wine is not subject to** the *halakha* of **exposure and is not subject to** the prohibition of **wine** used for **a libation** either.


###### Avodah Zarah 30a:12
[Avodah Zarah 30a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:12)

שַׁמָּעֵיהּ דְּרַב חִלְקִיָּה בַּר טוֹבִי אִיגַּלַּי [לֵיהּ] הָהוּא קִיסְתָּא דְּמַיָּא, וַהֲוָה נָיֵים גַּבַּהּ. אֲתָא לְגַבֵּיהּ דְּרַב חִלְקִיָּה בַּר טוֹבִי, אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הֲרֵי אָמְרוּ ״אֵימַת יָשֵׁן עֲלֵיהֶן״, וְהָנֵי מִילֵּי בִּימָמָא, אֲבָל בְּלֵילְיָא — לָא. וְלָא הִיא, לָא שְׁנָא בִּימָמָא וְלָא שְׁנָא בְּלֵילְיָא, ״אֵימַת יָשֵׁן עֲלֵיהֶן״ לָא אָמְרִינַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ After discussing exposed wine, the Gemara addresses the matter of exposed water. **The attendant of Rav Ḥilkiya bar Tovi** noticed that **a certain jug of water had become exposed, and he had been sleeping near it. He went to Rav Ḥilkiya bar Tovi** to determine the halakhic status of the exposed water. Rav Ḥilkiya **said to him** that the Sages **said: Fear of a sleeping person is upon them,** i.e., snakes will not attempt to drink from a container that is near a person, even if he is asleep. **And this matter** applies only **during the day, but not at night.** The Gemara comments: **But** that **is not so.** Rather, there is **no difference** between one who sleeps **during the day and** one who sleeps **during the night.** In both cases, **we do not say** that the **fear of a sleeping person is upon** the snakes.


###### Avodah Zarah 30a:13
[Avodah Zarah 30a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:13)

רַב לָא שָׁתֵי [מַיָּא] מִבֵּי אֲרַמָּאָה, אָמַר: לָא זְהִירִי בְּגִילּוּי, מִבֵּי אַרְמַלְתָּא שָׁתֵי, אָמַר: סִירְכָא דְּגַבְרָא נְקִיטָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara presents the opinions of Rav and Shmuel with regard to various sources of water. **Rav would not drink** water **from the house of an Aramean,** as **he said: They are not careful with** regard to **exposure.** But **he would drink** water **from the house of a widow,** as **he said: She upholds her** late **husband’s conventions** and ensures that liquids are not left uncovered.


###### Avodah Zarah 30a:14
[Avodah Zarah 30a:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:14)

שְׁמוּאֵל לָא שָׁתֵי מַיָּא מִבֵּי אַרְמַלְתָּא, אָמַר: לֵית לַהּ אֵימְתָא דְּגַבְרָא וְלָא מְיכַסְּיָא מַיָּא, אֲבָל מִבֵּי אֲרַמָּאָה שָׁתֵי. נְהִי דְּאַגִּילּוּיָא לָא קָפְדִי, אַמְּנַקְּרוּתָא מִיהָא קָפְדִי. אִיכָּא דְּאָמְרִי: רַב לָא שָׁתֵי מַיָּא מִבֵּי אֲרַמָּאָה, אֲבָל מִבֵּי אַרְמַלְתָּא שָׁתֵי. שְׁמוּאֵל לָא שָׁתֵי מַיָּא, לָא מִבֵּי אֲרַמָּאָה וְלָא מִבֵּי אַרְמַלְתָּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
By contrast, **Shmuel would not drink water from the house of a widow,** as **he said: She no** longer **has the fear of a man upon her, and** therefore **she does not** necessarily **cover the water. But he would drink** water **from the house of an Aramean,** as he said: **Granted that they are not particular about** the *halakha* of **exposure,** but **in any event they are particular about cleanliness,** and will cover it for hygienic reasons, if not halakhic ones. The Gemara cites a different version: **Some say** that **Rav would not drink water from the house of an Aramean, but he would drink** water **from the house of a widow. Shmuel would not drink water either from the house of an Aramean or from the house of a widow.**


###### Avodah Zarah 30a:15
[Avodah Zarah 30a:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:15)

אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי: שָׁלֹשׁ יֵינוֹת הֵן, וְאֵין בָּהֶן מִשּׁוּם גִּילּוּי, וְאֵלּוּ הֵן: חַד, מָר, מָתוֹק. חַד — טִילָא חָרִיפָא דִּמְצָרֵי זִיקֵּי, מַר — יַרְנָקָא, מָתוֹק — חוּלְיָא. רַב חָמָא מַתְנֵי לְעִילּוּיָא: חַד — חֲמַר וּפִלְפְּלִין, מַר — אַפְּסִינְתִּין, מָתוֹק — מֵי בָּארְג.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi says: There are three** kinds of **wines that are not subject to** the *halakha* of **exposure, and they are: Sharp, bitter,** and **sweet** wines. **Sharp** is referring to **acrid wine [*tila*] that cracks the jug,** due to its acidity. **Bitter** is referring to ***yarneka*. Sweet** is referring to **sweetened wine.** These three wines that Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi says are not subject to the *halakha* of exposure are all of low quality. **Rav Ḥama teaches** that the three wines are **of high quality: Sharp** is referring to **wine** mixed with **peppers. Bitter** is referring to wine mixed with **wormwood [*apsintin*]. Sweet** is referring to ***mei barg*,** a choice beverage.


###### Avodah Zarah 30a:16
[Avodah Zarah 30a:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/30a:16)

אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ: קְרִינָא אֵין בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם גִּילּוּי. מַאי קְרִינָא? אָמַר רַבִּי אֲבָהוּ: חַמְרָא חַלְיָא דְּאָתֵי מֵעַסְיָא. אָמַר רָבָא: וּבִמְקוֹמוֹ יֵשׁ בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם גִּילּוּי, מַאי טַעְמָא? חֲמַר מְדִינָה הוּא. אָמַר רָבָא: הַאי חַמְרָא דְּאַקְרֵים, עַד תְּלָתָא יוֹמֵי יֵשׁ בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם גִּילּוּי וּמִשּׁוּם יֵין נֶסֶךְ,

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish says: *Karina* is not subject to** the *halakha* of **exposure.** The Gemara asks: **What** is ***karina*? Rabbi Abbahu said:** It is **sweet wine that comes from Asia [*Asya*]** Minor. **Rava says: But in its place** of origin **it is subject to** the *halakha* of **exposure. What is the reason?** The reason is that there, **it is the wine of the province** and snakes do not hesitate to drink from it. **Rava said:** With regard to **this wine that has soured [*de’akrim*], until three days** have passed from when it began to sour, **it is subject to** the *halakha* of **exposure and is subject to** the prohibition of **wine** used for **a libation.**