## Avodah Zarah Daf 58a

###### Avodah Zarah 58a:1
[Avodah Zarah 58a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/58a:1)

אִיקְּלַע רַב הוּנָא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב נַחְמָן לְמָחוֹזָא, אֲמַר לֵיהּ רָבָא לְרַב אֶלְיָקִים שַׁמָּעֵיהּ: טְרוֹק גַּלֵּי, דְּלָא נֵיתוֹ אִינָשֵׁי דְּנִיטְרֹיד.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Huna, son of Rav Naḥman, happened** to come **to Meḥoza. Rava said to his attendant, Rav Elyakim: Close, close the gates,** so **that people who** might **disturb** us **should not come,** and we may focus on clarifying the matter.


###### Avodah Zarah 58a:2
[Avodah Zarah 58a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/58a:2)

עָל לְגַבֵּיהּ, אֲמַר לֵיהּ: כִּי הַאי גַּוְונָא מַאי? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אָסוּר אֲפִילּוּ בַּהֲנָאָה. וְהָא מָר הוּא דְּאָמַר: שִׁיכְשֵׁךְ אֵין עוֹשֶׂה יֵין נֶסֶךְ! אֵימַר דַּאֲמַרִי אֲנָא – לְבַר מִדְּמֵיהּ דְּהָהוּא חַמְרָא, דְּמֵי דְּהָהוּא חַמְרָא מִי אֲמַרִי?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Huna, son of Rav Naḥman, **entered into** Rava’s presence. Rav Huna, son of Rav Naḥman, **said to** Rava: **What** is the *halakha* in **a case like this** where a gentile stirred the wine without intending to offer it as an idolatrous libation? Rava **said to** Rav Huna, son of Rav Naḥman: It is **prohibited even to** derive **benefit** from it. Rav Huna, son of Rav Naḥman, asked him: **But wasn’t it** you, **Master, who said:** If a gentile **stirs** the wine, he does **not** thereby **render** it **wine** used for **a libation,** as Rava permitted the sale of the wine in the barrel to gentiles? Rava answered: **Say that I said** that it is permitted to sell the wine that was in the barrel and benefit from all the proceeds **except for the monetary** value **of that** prohibited **wine** that was poured into the barrel of wine. **Did I say** that it is permitted to derive benefit from **the monetary** value **of that** prohibited **wine?**


###### Avodah Zarah 58a:3
[Avodah Zarah 58a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/58a:3)

אָמַר רָבָא: כִּי אֲתַאי לְפוּמְבְּדִיתָא, אַקְּפַן נַחְמָנִי שְׁמַעְתָּתָא וּמַתְנְיָתָא דַּאֲסִיר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rava said: When I arrived at Pumbedita, Naḥmani,** i.e., Abaye, **surrounded us** with amoraic **traditions and** with tannaitic sources cited in **a *baraita*** that indicate **that** in the case of wine that was stirred by a gentile it is **prohibited** even to derive benefit from the wine.


###### Avodah Zarah 58a:4
[Avodah Zarah 58a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/58a:4)

שְׁמַעְתָּתָא: דְּהָהוּא עוֹבָדָא דַּהֲוָה בִּנְהַרְדְּעָא, וַאֲסַר שְׁמוּאֵל, בִּטְבֶרְיָא וַאֲסַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן, וַאֲמַרִי לֵיהּ: לְפִי שֶׁאֵינָן בְּנֵי תוֹרָה, וַאֲמַר לִי: טְבֶרְיָא וּנְהַרְדְּעָא אֵינָן בְּנֵי תוֹרָה, דְּמָחוֹזָא בְּנֵי תוֹרָה?!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rava explains: Abaye cited amoraic **traditions, as there was a certain incident in Neharde’a** in which a gentile stirred the wine, **and Shmuel deemed** the wine **prohibited,** and there was a similar incident **in Tiberias and Rabbi Yoḥanan deemed** the wine **prohibited.** Rava recounts his reply: **And I said to** Abaye: Shmuel and Rabbi Yoḥanan deemed the wine prohibited only **because** the people in those towns were **not people** well-versed in **Torah,** and it was necessary to distance them from transgression. **And** Abaye **said to me:** Are you saying that the people of **Tiberias and Neharde’a** are **not people** well-versed in **Torah** whereas the people **of Meḥoza** are **people** well-versed in **Torah?** This is obviously not the case, and therefore you should not have permitted the sale of the wine in Meḥoza, even according to your reasoning.


###### Avodah Zarah 58a:5
[Avodah Zarah 58a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/58a:5)

מַתְנְיָתָא: דַּאֲגַרְדְּמִים גּוֹי שֶׁקָּדַח בְּמֵינֶקֶת וְהֶעֱלָה, אוֹ שֶׁטָּעַם מִן הַכּוֹס וְהֶחְזִירוֹ לְחָבִית — זֶה הָיָה מַעֲשֶׂה וַאֲסָרוּהוּ. מַאי לָאו בַּהֲנָאָה? לֹא, בִּשְׁתִיָּיה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Abaye cited **a *baraita*** that teaches as follows: In the case **of a gentile market inspector [*de’agardamim*]** who was in charge of measures and prices in the marketplace, **who drilled** a hole in a barrel **with a tube and drew** wine from the barrel through the tube in order to taste it, **or who tasted** the wine **from the cup** that was poured for him **and** then **returned** the residue **to the barrel,** what is the *halakha*? **This was an incident** that occurred, **and** the Sages **prohibited** the wine. Abaye said: **What** does this mean? **Is** the *baraita* **not** prohibiting one **from** deriving **benefit** from the wine? Rava replied: **No,** it is prohibiting one only **from drinking** it.


###### Avodah Zarah 58a:6
[Avodah Zarah 58a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/58a:6)

אִי הָכִי, לִיתְנֵי ״יִמָּכֵר״, כִּדְקָתָנֵי סֵיפָא: חָרָם גּוֹי שֶׁהוֹשִׁיט יָדוֹ לֶחָבִית, וּכְסָבוּר שֶׁל שֶׁמֶן הִיא וְנִמְצֵאת שֶׁל יַיִן — זֶה הָיָה מַעֲשֶׂה, וְאָמְרוּ: ״יִמָּכֵר״. תְּיוּבְתָּא דְרָבָא, תְּיוּבְתָּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Abaye said: **If so, let** the *baraita* **teach** that the wine **may be sold, as the latter clause** of the *baraita* **teaches:** In the case of **a gentile confiscator who extended his hand into a barrel** of wine, **thinking it was** a barrel **of oil, and it was found** to be a barrel **of wine,** what is the *halakha*? **This was an incident** that occurred, **and** the Sages **said: It may be sold,** as the gentile had no intention of touching wine. The Gemara concludes: **The refutation of** the opinion of **Rava** is indeed **a conclusive refutation.**


###### Avodah Zarah 58a:7
[Avodah Zarah 58a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/58a:7)

רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן אַרְזָא וְרַבִּי יוֹסֵי בֶּן נְהוֹרַאי הֲווֹ יָתְבִי וְקָא שָׁתוּ חַמְרָא, אֲתָא הָהוּא גַּבְרָא, אֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ: תָּא אַשְׁקֵינַן. לְבָתַר דִּרְמָא לְכָסָא אִיגַּלַּאי מִילְּתָא דְּגוֹי הוּא. חַד אָסַר אֲפִילּוּ בַּהֲנָאָה, וְחַד שָׁרֵי אֲפִילּוּ בִּשְׁתִיָּיה. אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי: מַאן דְּאָסַר שַׁפִּיר אָסַר, וּמַאן דְּשָׁרֵי שַׁפִּיר שָׁרֵי. מַאן דְּאָסַר,

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara relates: **Rabbi Yoḥanan ben Arza and Rabbi Yosei ben Nehorai were sitting and drinking wine. A certain man came** and **they said to him: Come, serve us drinks. After he poured** the wine **into the cup, it was revealed that** the person **was a gentile. One** of those Sages **prohibited** one from **even** deriving **benefit** from the wine, **and one** of them **permitted** the wine **even for drinking. Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said: The one who prohibited** the wine **properly** deemed it **prohibited, and the one who permitted** it **properly** deemed it **permitted,** as both opinions are viable. **The one who prohibited** the wine holds that