## Avodah Zarah Daf 61a

###### Avodah Zarah 61a:1
[Avodah Zarah 61a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/61a:1)

הָתָם, דְּקָאָזֵיל מִינֵּיהּ וּמִינֵּיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Ashi replied: **There,** the mishna is referring to a case **where** the barrel is not actually thrown. Rather, **it is propelled by** the gentile, **and** again propelled **by him,** until it reaches the vat. Therefore, if the gentile did so not in anger, there is reason to be concerned that he might have touched the wine.


###### Avodah Zarah 61a:2
[Avodah Zarah 61a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/61a:2)

**מַתְנִי׳** הַמְטַהֵר יֵינוֹ שֶׁל נׇכְרִי, וְנוֹתְנוֹ בִּרְשׁוּתוֹ (ובבית) [בְּבַיִת] הַפָּתוּחַ לִרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים, בְּעִיר שֶׁיֵּשׁ בָּהּ גּוֹיִם וְיִשְׂרְאֵלִים — מוּתָּר, בְּעִיר שֶׁכּוּלָּהּ גּוֹיִם — אָסוּר, עַד שֶׁיֵּשֵׁב וּמְשַׁמֵּר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** In the case of a Jew **who renders the wine of a gentile permitted** by treading the gentile’s grapes so that the wine can be sold to Jews, **and** although a Jew has not yet paid for the wine **he** then **places** the wine **in** the gentile’s **domain in a house that is open to a public thoroughfare** until he sells it, the *halakha* depends on the circumstances. If this occurs **in a city in which there are** both **gentiles and Jews,** the wine is **permitted,** as the gentile does not touch the wine lest the Jews see him doing so. If this occurs **in a city** in **which all its** inhabitants are **gentiles,** the wine is **prohibited unless** a Jew **sits and safeguards** the wine.


###### Avodah Zarah 61a:3
[Avodah Zarah 61a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/61a:3)

וְאֵין הַשּׁוֹמֵר צָרִיךְ לִהְיוֹת יוֹשֵׁב וּמְשַׁמֵּר, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהוּא יוֹצֵא וְנִכְנָס — מוּתָּר. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר אוֹמֵר: רְשׁוּת גּוֹיִם אַחַת הִיא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**But the watchman is not required to sit and guard** the wine constantly; **even if he** frequently **leaves** the place **and comes in** again later, the wine is **permitted. Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar says:** The **domain of gentiles is** all **one,** as the Gemara will explain.


###### Avodah Zarah 61a:4
[Avodah Zarah 61a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/61a:4)

הַמְטַהֵר יֵינוֹ שֶׁל נׇכְרִי וְנוֹתְנוֹ בִּרְשׁוּתוֹ, וְהַלָּה כּוֹתֵב לוֹ: ״הִתְקַבַּלְתִּי מִמְּךָ מָעוֹת״ — מוּתָּר, אֲבָל אִם יִרְצֶה יִשְׂרָאֵל לְהוֹצִיא וְאֵינוֹ מַנִּיחוֹ עַד שֶׁיִּתֵּן לוֹ אֶת מְעוֹתָיו, זֶה הָיָה מַעֲשֶׂה בְּבֵית שְׁאָן וְאָסְרוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
In the case of a Jew **who renders the wine of a gentile permitted** by treading the gentile’s grapes so that the wine can be sold to Jews, **and he** then **places** the wine **in** the gentile’s **domain** until he sells it, the *halakha* depends on the circumstances. If **that one,** the gentile, **writes for** the Jew: **I received money from you** in payment for the wine, even though he did not yet receive the actual payment, the wine is **permitted.** This is because the wine is considered the Jew’s property and the gentile does not venture to touch it. **But if the Jew desires to remove** the wine **and** the gentile **does not allow him** to do so **until** the Jew **gives him the money** due to **him, this was an incident** that occurred **in Beit She’an and** the Sages **deemed** the wine **prohibited.** In this case the gentile believes that he has a lien upon the wine, and therefore he has no compunctions about touching it.


###### Avodah Zarah 61a:5
[Avodah Zarah 61a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/61a:5)

**גְּמָ׳** בְּעִיר שֶׁכּוּלָּהּ גּוֹיִם נָמֵי, וְהָאִיכָּא רוֹכְלִין הַמַּחְזִירִין בָּעֲיָירוֹת! אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: בְּעִיר שֶׁיֵּשׁ לָהּ דְּלָתַיִם וּבְרִיחַ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** The Gemara questions the mishna’s distinction between a city with Jewish inhabitants and a city without Jewish inhabitants: The wine should **also** be permitted **in a city** in **which all its** inhabitants are **gentiles,** as **aren’t there** Jewish **peddlers who travel around the** various **towns?** Consequently, the gentile refrains from touching the wine, lest the Jewish peddlers see him touching it. **Shmuel says:** The mishna is referring **to a city that has double doors and a crossbar,** and the residents know when outsiders enter the city.


###### Avodah Zarah 61a:6
[Avodah Zarah 61a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/61a:6)

אָמַר רַב יוֹסֵף: וְחַלּוֹן כִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים דָּמֵי, וְאַשְׁפָּה כִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים דָּמֵי, וְדִיקְלָא כִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים דָּמֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
With regard to the mishna’s statement that the wine is permitted only if the gentile’s house is open to a public thoroughfare, **Rav Yosef says: And** if a Jew’s **window** is open to that place it is **considered like a public thoroughfare. And** similarly, **a trash heap** is **considered like a public thoroughfare** as many people frequent it, **and a palm tree** is **considered like a public thoroughfare,** as the gentile is concerned lest someone climbing the palm tree see him.


###### Avodah Zarah 61a:7
[Avodah Zarah 61a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/61a:7)

פְּסִיק רֵישֵׁיהּ — פְּלִיגִי בַּהּ רַב אַחָא וְרָבִינָא: חַד אָסַר, וְחַד שָׁרֵי. מַאן דְּאָסַר — לְמָה לֵיהּ דְּסָלֵיק הָתָם? וּמַאן דְּשָׁרֵי — זִימְנִין דְּאָבְדָה לֵיהּ בְּהֵמָה, וְסָלֵיק לְעַיּוֹנֵי בָּתְרַהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**With regard to** a case where **the top** of the palm tree **was cut off, Rav Aḥa and Ravina disagree: One** of them **deems** the wine **prohibited and one** of them **deems** it **permitted.** The Gemara explains: **The one who deems** the wine **prohibited** holds that since no fruit grows on the palm tree, **why would** someone **climb up there?** The gentile therefore has no reason for concern lest someone see him, and he has no compunctions about touching the wine. **And the one who deems** the wine **permitted** holds that it happens on **occasion that** someone **loses an animal and he climbs up** the palm tree **to look for it.** The gentile is therefore concerned lest someone climbing the palm tree see him, and he does not touch the wine.


###### Avodah Zarah 61a:8
[Avodah Zarah 61a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/61a:8)

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: אֶחָד הַלּוֹקֵחַ וְאֶחָד הַשּׂוֹכֵר בַּיִת בַּחֲצֵירוֹ שֶׁל גּוֹי, וּמִילְּאָהוּ יַיִן, וְיִשְׂרָאֵל דָּר בְּאוֹתָהּ חָצֵר — מוּתָּר, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין מַפְתֵּחַ וְחוֹתָם בְּיָדוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **The Sages taught:** In the case of a Jew **who purchases** a house **or one who rents a house in a gentile’s courtyard, and** a Jew **filled** the house with barrels of **wine,** if another **Jew dwells in the same courtyard,** the wine is **permitted.** This *halakha* applies **even if** that Jew does **not** have **in his possession** the **key** to the house **or a seal** on the barrels of wine.