## Avodah Zarah Daf 69a

###### Avodah Zarah 69a:1
[Avodah Zarah 69a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/69a:1)

נְפַל לְגוֹ חַלָּא, מַאי? אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב הִילֵּל לְרַב אָשֵׁי: הֲוָה עוֹבָדָא בֵּי רַב כָּהֲנָא, וַאֲסַר רַב כָּהֲנָא. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הָהוּא אִימַּרְטוּטֵי אִימַּרְטַט.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
If a mouse **fell into vinegar, what** is the *halakha*? Does it enhance its flavor? **Rav Hillel said to Rav Ashi: There was** such **an incident** in **the study hall of Rav Kahana, and Rav Kahana deemed** the vinegar **forbidden.** This indicates that it enhances the flavor. Rav Ashi **said to him:** This is not a proof. **That** mouse **was dismembered,** and Rav Kahana deemed the vinegar forbidden due to concern that one might consume a substantive piece of the mouse in the vinegar, which is prohibited regardless of the taste.


###### Avodah Zarah 69a:2
[Avodah Zarah 69a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/69a:2)

רָבִינָא סְבַר לְשַׁעוֹרֵי בִּמְאָה וְחַד, אָמַר: לָא גָּרַע מִתְּרוּמָה, דִּתְנַן: תְּרוּמָה עוֹלָה בְּאֶחָד וּמֵאָה. אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב תַּחְלִיפָא בַּר גִּיזָּא לְרָבִינָא: דִּלְמָא כְּתַבְלִין שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה בִּקְדֵירָה דָּמֵי, דְּלָא בָּטֵיל טַעְמַיְיהוּ!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates: **Ravina thought** that the quantity of vinegar necessary for nullifying the flavor of the mouse should be **calculated at 101** times the volume of the mouse. **He said:** It should **not** be rendered **worse,** i.e., more stringent, **than *teruma*,** which is nullified by 101 times its volume in a mixture. This is **as we learned** in a mishna (*Terumot* 4:7): ***Teruma* is nullified** in a mixture **by 101** times its volume of permitted food. **Rav Taḥlifa bar Giza said to Ravina: Perhaps** this case is **similar to spice of *teruma* in a pot, whose flavor is not nullified** even by 101 times its volume of permitted food, as the flavor imparted by spice is exceptionally strong.


###### Avodah Zarah 69a:3
[Avodah Zarah 69a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/69a:3)

רַב אַחַאי שַׁיעַר בְּחַלָּא בְּחַמְשִׁין, רַב שְׁמוּאֵל בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב אִיקָא שַׁיעַר בְּשִׁיכְרָא בְּשִׁיתִּין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Aḥai calculated** the amount **of vinegar** necessary to nullify the flavor of the mouse **at fifty** times its volume. Although forbidden food in a mixture usually requires the presence of sixty times its volume of permitted food to be nullified, vinegar has a sharp enough flavor that it nullifies the mouse with less. **Rav Shmuel, son of Rav Ika, calculated** the amount **of beer** necessary for nullifying the mouse **at sixty** times the volume of the mouse.


###### Avodah Zarah 69a:4
[Avodah Zarah 69a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/69a:4)

וְהִלְכְתָא: אִידֵּי וְאִידֵּי בְּשִׁיתִּין, וְכֵן כׇּל אִיסּוּרִין שֶׁבַּתּוֹרָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara concludes: **And the *halakha*** is that **this and that,** both vinegar and beer, nullify the mouse **with sixty** times its volume, **and so** is the ruling for **all prohibitions in the Torah.**


###### Avodah Zarah 69a:5
[Avodah Zarah 69a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/69a:5)

**מַתְנִי׳** נׇכְרִי שֶׁהָיָה מַעֲבִיר עִם יִשְׂרָאֵל כַּדֵּי יַיִן מִמָּקוֹם לְמָקוֹם, אִם הָיָה בְּחֶזְקַת הַמִּשְׁתַּמֵּר — מוּתָּר. אִם הוֹדִיעוֹ שֶׁהוּא מַפְלִיג כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּשְׁתּוֹם וְיִסְתּוֹם וְיִגּוֹב. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר: כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּפְתַּח אֶת הֶחָבִית וְיִגּוֹף וְתִיגּוֹב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** With regard to **a gentile who was transporting barrels of wine from** one **place to** another **place** together **with a Jew, if** the wine **was under the presumption of being supervised,** it is **permitted.** But **if** the Jew **notified him that he was going far away,** the wine is forbidden if the Jew left for **a sufficient** amount of time **for** the gentile **to bore a hole [*sheyishtom*]** in the barrel, **seal** it again with plaster, **and** for the plaster to **dry. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says:** The wine is forbidden only if it was **sufficient** time **for** the gentile **to open the barrel** by removing the stopper altogether, **stop** it again by making a new stopper, **and** for the new stopper to **dry.**


###### Avodah Zarah 69a:6
[Avodah Zarah 69a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/69a:6)

הַמַּנִּיחַ יֵינוֹ בְּקָרוֹן אוֹ בִּסְפִינָה, וְהָלַךְ לוֹ בְּקָפֶנְדַּרְיָא, נִכְנַס לִמְדִינָה וְרָחַץ — מוּתָּר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
With regard to **one who placed his wine in a wagon or on a ship** with a gentile, **and went on his way by a shortcut [*bekappendarya*],** such that the gentile does not know when the Jew will encounter him, even if the Jew **entered the city and bathed,** the wine is **permitted,** because the gentile would not use the wine for a libation, for fear the owner might catch him at it.


###### Avodah Zarah 69a:7
[Avodah Zarah 69a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/69a:7)

אִם הוֹדִיעוֹ שֶׁהוּא מַפְלִיג — כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּשְׁתּוֹם, וְיִסְתּוֹם, וְיִגּוֹב. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר: כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּפְתַּח אֶת הֶחָבִית, וְיִגּוֹף, וְתִיגּוֹב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**If** the Jew **informed** the gentile **that he was going away** for a long period of time, the wine is forbidden if it was **sufficient** time **for** the gentile **to bore a hole** in the barrel, **seal** it again with plaster, **and** for the plaster to **dry. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says:** It is forbidden only if it was **sufficient** time **for him to open the barrel** by removing the stopper altogether, **stop** it again, **and** for the new stopper to **dry.**


###### Avodah Zarah 69a:8
[Avodah Zarah 69a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/69a:8)

הַמַּנִּיחַ נׇכְרִי בַּחֲנוּת, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיֹּצֵא וְנִכְנָס — מוּתָּר, וְאִם הוֹדִיעוֹ שֶׁהוּא מַפְלִיג — כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּשְׁתּוֹם וְיִסְתּוֹם וְיִגּוֹב. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר: כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּפְתַּח אֶת הֶחָבִית וְיִגּוֹף וְתִיגּוֹב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
With regard to **one who left a gentile in** his **shop, even if** the Jew **went out and came in** and was not there all the time, the wine is **permitted. But if** the Jew **informed** the gentile **that he was going away** for a long period of time, the wine is forbidden if it was **sufficient** time **for** the gentile **to bore a hole** in the barrel, **seal** it again with plaster, **and** for the plaster to **dry. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says:** The wine is forbidden only if it was **sufficient** time **for** him **to open the barrel, stop** it again, **and** for the new stopper to **dry.**


###### Avodah Zarah 69a:9
[Avodah Zarah 69a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/69a:9)

הָיָה אוֹכֵל עִמּוֹ עַל הַשּׁוּלְחָן, וְהִנִּיחַ לְגִינִין עַל הַשּׁוּלְחָן וְלָגִין עַל הַדּוּלְבְּקִי, וְהִנִּיחוֹ וְיָצָא — מַה שֶּׁעַל הַשּׁוּלְחָן אָסוּר, שֶׁעַל הַדּוּלְבְּקִי מוּתָּר. וְאִם אָמַר לוֹ: הֱוֵי מוֹזֵג וְשׁוֹתֶה — אַף שֶׁעַל הַדּוּלְבְּקִי אָסוּר. חָבִיּוֹת פְּתוּחוֹת אֲסוּרוֹת, סְתוּמוֹת מוּתָּרוֹת, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּפְתַּח וְיִגּוֹף וְתִיגּוֹב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
If a Jew **was eating with** a gentile **at the table, and left jugs [*laginin*]** of wine **on the table and a jug on the side table [*hadulebaki*], and he left it and went out, what is on the table** is **forbidden,** as it is likely that the gentile handled it, whereas **what is on the side table** is **permitted. But if** the Jew **said to** the gentile: **Mix** water with the wine **and drink, even** the jug **that is on the side table** is **forbidden.** Similarly, **open barrels are forbidden,** but **sealed** barrels **are permitted** unless the Jew was out of the room for **sufficient time for** the gentile **to open** the barrel by removing the stopper, **and stop** it again by making a new stopper, **and** for the new stopper to **dry.**


###### Avodah Zarah 69a:10
[Avodah Zarah 69a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/69a:10)

**גְּמָ׳** הֵיכִי דָמֵי ״בְּחֶזְקַת הַמִּשְׁתַּמֵּר״? כִּדְתַנְיָא: הֲרֵי שֶׁהָיוּ חֲמָרָיו וּפוֹעֲלָיו טְעוּנִין טְהָרוֹת, אֲפִילּוּ הִפְלִיג מֵהֶן יוֹתֵר מִמִּיל — טׇהֳרוֹתָיו טְהוֹרוֹת, וְאִם אָמַר לָהֶן: ״לְכוּ וַאֲנִי בָּא אַחֲרֵיכֶם״, כֵּיוָן שֶׁנִּתְעַלְּמָה עֵינוֹ מֵהֶם — טׇהֳרוֹתָיו טְמֵאוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** **What are the circumstances** described by the phrase: **Under the presumption of being supervised?** The Gemara explains: It is **as it is taught** in a *baraita*: If one’s **donkey drivers and laborers were** unreliable with regard to ritual impurity [*amei ha’aretz*], and they were **laden with** wine or produce that was **ritually pure,** and he had instructed them not to tamper with it but he does not know whether or not they heeded him, **even** if **he went away from them** to a distance of **more than a *mil*, his pure items are** still **pure,** as it may be presumed that they heeded his instructions. **But if he said to them: Go and I will come after you,** so that they knew he would not be going with them, then **once they are out of his sight his pure items are impure.**


###### Avodah Zarah 69a:11
[Avodah Zarah 69a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/69a:11)

מַאי שְׁנָא רֵישָׁא, וּמַאי שְׁנָא סֵיפָא? אָמַר רַב יִצְחָק: רֵישָׁא בִּמְטַהֵר חֲמָרָיו וּפוֹעֲלָיו לְכָךְ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **What is different** in **the first clause,** where the produce is pure, **and what is different** in **the latter clause,** where it is impure? **Rav Yitzḥak said:** The ruling of **the first clause** is stated **with regard to** a case where **he purified his donkey drivers and laborers for this** assignment by having them immerse so they would not transfer impurity to the produce.


###### Avodah Zarah 69a:12
[Avodah Zarah 69a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/69a:12)

אִי הָכִי, סֵיפָא נָמֵי? אֵין עַם הָאָרֶץ מַקְפִּיד עַל מַגַּע חֲבֵירוֹ. אִי הָכִי, אֲפִילּוּ רֵישָׁא נָמֵי נֵימָא הָכִי!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises a difficulty: **If that is so,** in **the latter clause** this would **also** apply. The Gemara answers: **An *am ha’aretz* is not punctilious about contact with another** person. Although they themselves were purified, they may have met another *am ha’aretz* on the way, and the produce would be rendered impure by him. The Gemara further objects: **If so,** then **let us say so even** in **the first clause;** the produce should be impure in that case as well.


###### Avodah Zarah 69a:13
[Avodah Zarah 69a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/69a:13)

אָמַר רָבָא:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rava said:**