## Avodah Zarah Daf 70b

###### Avodah Zarah 70b:1
[Avodah Zarah 70b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/70b:1)

הָהִיא רְבִיתָא דְּאִישְׁתְּכַח דַּהֲוָת בֵּי דַנֵּי, וַהֲוָת נְקִיטָא אוּפְיָא בִּידַהּ, אָמַר רָבָא: חַמְרָא שְׁרֵי, אֵימַר מִגַּבַּהּ דְּחָבִיתָא שְׁקַלְתֵּיהּ, וְאַף עַל גַּב דְּלֵיכָּא תּוּ, אֵימַר אִתְרְמוֹיֵי אִתְרְמִי לַהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates: There was an incident involving **a certain** gentile **girl who was found among** wine **barrels and she was holding** wine **froth in her hand. Rava said: The wine** is **permitted,** as it is reasonable to **say** that **she took it from the outside of the barrel** and not from inside the barrel. **And even if there is no more** of the froth on the outside of the barrel, it is reasonable to **say** that **she happened upon** the froth while it was still there, even though it is no longer there.


###### Avodah Zarah 70b:2
[Avodah Zarah 70b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/70b:2)

הָהוּא פּוּלְמוּסָא דִּסְלֵיק לִנְהַרְדְּעָא, פְּתַחוּ חָבְיָתָא טוּבָא. כִּי אֲתָא רַב דִּימִי אָמַר: עוֹבָדָא הֲוָה קַמֵּיהּ דְּרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר, וּשְׁרָא. וְלָא יָדַעְנָא, אִי מִשּׁוּם דְּסָבַר לַהּ כְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר דְּאָמַר: סְפֵק בִּיאָה טָהוֹר, אִי מִשּׁוּם דְּסָבַר: רוּבָּא דְּאָזְלִי בַּהֲדֵי פּוּלְמוּסָא יִשְׂרָאֵל נִינְהוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates: There was an incident involving **a certain army [*pulmusa*] that entered Neharde’a** and **opened many barrels** of wine. **When Rav Dimi came** from Eretz Yisrael to Babylonia, **he said: There was** a similar **incident** that was brought **before Rabbi Elazar, and he deemed** the wine **permitted. But I do not know whether** he permitted it **because he holds in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Eliezer, who says:** Concerning **uncertainty** with regard to **entry,** the person or item is **ritually pure,** or **whether** he permitted it **because he maintains** that **most** of those **who went with** that **army were Jews,** i.e., that although it was a gentile army, the ancillaries were mostly Jews.


###### Avodah Zarah 70b:3
[Avodah Zarah 70b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/70b:3)

אִי הָכִי, הַאי סְפֵק בִּיאָה? סְפֵק מַגָּע הוּא! כֵּיוָן דְּמִפַּתְחִי טוּבָא, אֵימָא אַדַּעְתָּא דְּמָמוֹנָא פְּתַחוּ, וְכִסְפֵק בִּיאָה דָּמֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **If that is so,** if he holds in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Eliezer, why did he permit the wine? **Is this** a case of **uncertainty** with regard to **entry?** It is clear that the ancillaries came and opened the barrels, so **it is** a case of **uncertainty** with regard to **contact,** i.e., whether they touched the wine or not, and Rabbi Eliezer agrees that such a case is treated stringently. The Gemara answers: **Since they opened many** barrels, it is reasonable to **say** that **they opened** the barrels only **with the intention of** finding **money** and had no interest in the wine itself. **And** therefore it is **similar to** a case of **uncertainty** with regard to **entry.**


###### Avodah Zarah 70b:4
[Avodah Zarah 70b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/70b:4)

הָהִיא מָסוֹבִיתָא דִּמְסַרָה לַהּ אִיקְּלִידָא (מַפְתְּחָה) לְגוֹיָה, אָמַר רַבִּי יִצְחָק אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר: עוֹבָדָא הֲוָה בֵּי מִדְרְשָׁא, וַאֲמַרוּ: לֹא מָסְרָה לָהּ אֶלָּא שְׁמִירַת מַפְתֵּחַ בִּלְבָד.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates: There was an incident involving **a certain female owner of a wine shop who transferred the key [*iklida*]** to the door of her wine shop **to a gentile woman. Rabbi Yitzḥak said** that **Rabbi Elazar said: There was** a similar **incident** that was brought before the Sages in **the study hall, and they said: She transferred to her** the responsibility for **safeguarding the key alone** but did not authorize her to enter the tavern, so there is no concern that she entered there.


###### Avodah Zarah 70b:5
[Avodah Zarah 70b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/70b:5)

אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: אַף אֲנַן נָמֵי תְּנֵינָא: הַמּוֹסֵר מַפְתְּחוֹת לְעַם הָאָרֶץ — טׇהֳרוֹתָיו טְהוֹרוֹת, לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא מָסַר לוֹ אֶלָּא שְׁמִירַת מַפְתֵּחַ בִּלְבָד. הַשְׁתָּא טׇהֳרוֹתָיו טְהוֹרוֹת, יֵין נֶסֶךְ מִיבַּעְיָא?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Abaye said: We learn** this *halakha* in a mishna **as well** (*Teharot* 7:1): In the case of **one who transferred keys to one who is unreliable with regard to ritual impurity [*am ha’aretz*],** even though contact with an *am ha’aretz* renders pure items impure, **his pure items are pure, because he transferred to** the *am ha’aretz* the responsibility for **safeguarding the key alone** and did not authorize him to enter. **Now** that the mishna has determined that **his pure items are pure, is it necessary** to state this principle with regard to the *halakhot* of **wine** used for **a libation?**


###### Avodah Zarah 70b:6
[Avodah Zarah 70b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/70b:6)

לְמֵימְרָא דִּטְהָרוֹת אַלִּימִי מִיֵּין נֶסֶךְ? אִין, דְּאִיתְּמַר: חָצֵר שֶׁחִלְּקָהּ בִּמְסִיפָס, אָמַר רַב: טׇהֳרוֹתָיו טְמֵאוֹת, וּבְגוֹי אֵינוֹ עוֹשֶׂה יֵין נֶסֶךְ, וְרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר: אַף טׇהֳרוֹתָיו טְהוֹרוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks with regard to Abaye’s reasoning: **Is this to say that** the *halakhot* of **ritually pure items are** more **stringent than** those concerning **wine** used for **a libation?** The Gemara answers: **Indeed,** that is so. **As it was stated** that there was a dispute with regard to **a courtyard** whose owners **divided it** among themselves **with a low partition [*meseifas*]. Rav says:** If one’s neighbor on the other side of the partition is an *am ha’aretz*, **one’s pure items** that he leaves in the courtyard **are** rendered **impure, but in** the case of **a gentile** neighbor, this **does not render** his **wine** an idolatrous **libation. And Rabbi Yoḥanan says: His pure items** remain **pure as well.** Evidently, Rav considers the *halakhot* of purity more stringent than those of wine used for a libation.


###### Avodah Zarah 70b:7
[Avodah Zarah 70b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/70b:7)

מֵיתִיבִי: הַפְּנִימִית שֶׁל חָבֵר וְהַחִיצוֹנָה שֶׁל עַם הָאָרֶץ, אוֹתוֹ חָבֵר שׁוֹטֵחַ שָׁם פֵּירוֹת וּמַנִּיחַ שָׁם כֵּלִים, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיָּדוֹ שֶׁל עַם הָאָרֶץ מַגַּעַת לְשָׁם. קַשְׁיָא לְרַב!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara **raises an objection** to the opinion of Rav from a *baraita*: If **the inner** courtyard **belongs to a *ḥaver*,** i.e., one devoted to the meticulous observance of mitzvot, especially the *halakhot* of ritual purity, *teruma*, and tithes, **and the outer** courtyard **to an *am ha’aretz*, that *ḥaver* may lay out** his **produce there,** in the inner courtyard, **and place** his **vessels there,** without concern that the *am ha’aretz* will touch them and render them impure. **And** this applies **even if the hand of the *am ha’aretz* can reach there.** This poses **a difficulty to** the opinion of **Rav,** who holds that even in a situation where there is a partition there is concern about contact with an *am ha’aretz*.


###### Avodah Zarah 70b:8
[Avodah Zarah 70b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/70b:8)

אָמַר לְךָ רַב: שָׁאנֵי הָתָם, שֶׁנִּתְפָּס עָלָיו כְּגַנָּב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers that **Rav** could have **said to you:** It **is different there, as** were the *am ha’aretz* to tamper with the produce, **he could be caught** and accused **as a thief,** as he has no business being in the inner courtyard. Therefore, there is no concern that he will tamper with it.


###### Avodah Zarah 70b:9
[Avodah Zarah 70b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/70b:9)

תָּא שְׁמַע: רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר: גַּגּוֹ שֶׁל חָבֵר לְמַעְלָה מִגַּגּוֹ שֶׁל עַם הָאָרֶץ, אוֹתוֹ חָבֵר שׁוֹטֵחַ שָׁם פֵּירוֹת וּמַנִּיחַ שָׁם כֵּלִים, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא תְּהֵא יָדוֹ שֶׁל עַם הָאָרֶץ מַגַּעַת לְשָׁם. קַשְׁיָא לְרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara suggests: **Come** and **hear** support for Rav’s opinion from a *baraita* (*Tosefta*, *Teharot* 9:11): **Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says:** If **the roof of a *ḥaver* is above the roof of** his neighbor who is **an *am ha’aretz*, that *ḥaver* may lay out produce there and place vessels there, provided that the hand of the *am ha’aretz* cannot reach there;** but if it is within his reach, the pure items of the *ḥaver* are rendered impure. This poses **a difficulty to** the opinion of **Rabbi Yoḥanan,** who deems permitted pure items in a courtyard divided by a low partition.


###### Avodah Zarah 70b:10
[Avodah Zarah 70b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/70b:10)

אָמַר לָךְ רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: שָׁאנֵי הָתָם, דְּאִית לֵיהּ לְאִישְׁתְּמוֹטֵי, מֵימָר אָמַר: אִימְּצוֹרֵי קָא מִמְּצַרְנָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers that **Rabbi Yoḥanan** could have **said to you:** It **is different there, as** were the *am ha’aretz* to be discovered reaching up to the upper roof, **he has** a way **to excuse** his behavior by **saying: I** merely **stretched myself;** I was not intending to tamper with anything.


###### Avodah Zarah 70b:11
[Avodah Zarah 70b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/70b:11)

תָּא שְׁמַע: גַּגּוֹ שֶׁל חָבֵר בְּצַד גַּגּוֹ שֶׁל עַם הָאָרֶץ, אוֹתוֹ חָבֵר שׁוֹטֵחַ שָׁם פֵּירוֹת וּמַנִּיחַ שָׁם כֵּלִים, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיָּדוֹ שֶׁל עַם הָאָרֶץ מַגַּעַת לְשָׁם. קַשְׁיָא לְרַב! אָמַר לְךָ רַב: לָאו אִיכָּא רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל דְּקָאֵי כְּוָותִי? אֲנָא דַּאֲמַרִי כְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Come** and **hear** that which is taught in that same *baraita*: If **the roof of a *ḥaver* is beside the roof of an *am ha’aretz*, that *ḥaver* may lay out produce there and place vessels there, even if the hand of the *am ha’aretz* can reach there.** This poses **a difficulty to** the statement of **Rav.** The Gemara answers that **Rav** could have **said to you: Isn’t there** the opinion of **Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel, which stands in accordance with my** opinion with regard to roofs that are next to one another? What **I say** is **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel.**


###### Avodah Zarah 70b:12
[Avodah Zarah 70b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/70b:12)

**מַתְנִי׳** בּוֹלֶשֶׁת שֶׁנִּכְנְסָה לְעִיר, בִּשְׁעַת שָׁלוֹם — חָבִיּוֹת פְּתוּחוֹת אֲסוּרוֹת, סְתוּמוֹת מוּתָּרוֹת; בִּשְׁעַת מִלְחָמָה — אֵלּוּ וְאֵלּוּ מוּתָּרוֹת, לְפִי שֶׁאֵין פְּנַאי לְנַסֵּךְ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** In the case of **a military unit [*boleshet*] that entered a city,** if it entered **during peacetime,** then after the soldiers leave the **open barrels** of wine **are forbidden,** but the **sealed** barrels **are permitted.** If the unit entered **in wartime,** both **these** barrels **and those** barrels **are permitted, because** in wartime **there is no time to pour** wine for **libations,** and one can be certain that the soldiers did not do so.