## Avodah Zarah Daf 74b

###### Avodah Zarah 74b:1
[Avodah Zarah 74b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/74b:1)

**מַתְנִי׳** גַּת שֶׁל אֶבֶן שֶׁזְּפָתָהּ גּוֹי, מְנַגְּבָהּ וְהִיא טְהוֹרָה. וְשֶׁל עֵץ, רַבִּי אוֹמֵר: יְנַגֵּב, וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים: יִקְלוֹף אֶת הַזֶּפֶת. וְשֶׁל חֶרֶס, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁקָּלַף אֶת הַזֶּפֶת — הֲרֵי זוֹ אֲסוּרָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** In the case of **a stone winepress that a gentile lined with pitch** and then poured wine onto the pitch to neutralize its flavor, **one may cleanse it and it is pure,** i.e., wine pressed in it is permitted. **And** if the winepress is fashioned **of wood, Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **says: One may cleanse it, but the Rabbis say: One must peel off the pitch** completely. **And** if the winepress is **of earthenware, even if one peeled off the pitch, this** press **is forbidden.**


###### Avodah Zarah 74b:2
[Avodah Zarah 74b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/74b:2)

**גְּמָ׳** אָמַר רָבָא: דַּוְקָא זְפָתָהּ, אֲבָל דָּרַךְ בָּהּ — לֹא. פְּשִׁיטָא, ״זְפָתָהּ״ תְּנַן! מַהוּ דְּתֵימָא: הוּא הַדִּין אֲפִילּוּ דָּרַךְ בָּהּ, וְהַאי דְּקָתָנֵי ״זְפָתָהּ״ — אוֹרְחָא דְּמִלְּתָא קָתָנֵי, קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** **Rava says:** The requirement to cleanse the winepress applies **specifically** if the gentile **lined it with pitch. But** if he only **trod** on his grapes **in it** without lining it with pitch, this is **not** required. The Gemara asks: Isn’t this **obvious? We learned** in the mishna that cleansing the winepress is necessary if the gentile **lined it with pitch.** The Gemara responds: **Lest you say** that **the same is true** that it requires cleansing **even** if he **trod** on his grapes **in it, and** the fact **that** the mishna **teaches** a case where he **lined it with pitch** is because the mishna **is teaching the manner** in **which the matter** typically occurs, therefore Rava **teaches us** that this is not the case.


###### Avodah Zarah 74b:3
[Avodah Zarah 74b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/74b:3)

אִיכָּא דְּאָמְרִי, אָמַר רָבָא: דַּוְקָא זְפָתָהּ, אֲבָל דָּרַךְ בָּהּ לָא סַגִּי לַהּ בְּנִיגּוּב. פְּשִׁיטָא, ״זְפָתָהּ״ תְּנַן! מַהוּ דְּתֵימָא: הוּא הַדִּין דַּאֲפִילּוּ דָּרַךְ בָּהּ, וְהַאי דְּקָתָנֵי ״זְפָתָהּ״ אוֹרְחָא דְמִלְּתָא קָתָנֵי, קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן דַּוְקָא זְפָתָהּ, אֲבָל דָּרַךְ בָּהּ לָא סַגִּי לַהּ בְּנִיגּוּב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**There are** those **who say** that **Rava says:** Cleansing the winepress is effective **specifically** if the gentile **lined it with pitch. But** if he **trod** on his grapes **in it** as well, **cleansing** it **is not sufficient** to purify the winepress. The Gemara asks: Isn’t this **obvious? We learned** in the mishna that cleansing the winepress is sufficient if the gentile **lined it with pitch.** The Gemara responds: **Lest you say** that **the same is true** and **that** cleansing is sufficient **even** if he **trod** on his grapes **in it, and** the fact **that** the mishna **teaches** a case where he **lined it with pitch** is because the mishna **is teaching the manner** in **which the matter** typically occurs, therefore Rava **teaches us** that cleansing the winepress is sufficient **specifically** if **he lined it with pitch, but** if **he trod** on his grapes **in it, cleansing** it **is not sufficient.**


###### Avodah Zarah 74b:4
[Avodah Zarah 74b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/74b:4)

כִּי הָהוּא דַּאֲתָא לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרַבִּי חִיָּיא, אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הַב לִי גַּבְרָא (דדכי) [דִּמְדַכֵּי] לִי מַעְצַרְתַּאי, אֲמַר לֵיהּ לְרַב: זִיל בַּהֲדֵיהּ וַחֲזִי דְּלָא מְצַוְּחַתְּ עֲלַי בֵּי מִדְרְשָׁא. אֲזַל חַזְיַיהּ דַּהֲוָה שִׁיעָא טְפֵי, אֲמַר: הָא וַדַּאי בְּנִיגּוּב סַגִּי לַהּ. בַּהֲדֵי דְּקָא אָזֵיל וְאָתֵי, חֲזָא פִּילָא מִתּוּתֵיהּ וַחֲזָא דַּהֲוָה מְלֵא חַמְרָא, אֲמַר: הָא לָא סַגִּי לַהּ בְּנִיגּוּב אֶלָּא בְּקִילּוּף, וְהַיְינוּ דַּאֲמַר לִי חַבִּיבִי: חֲזִי דְּלָא מְצַוְּחַתְּ עֲלַי בֵּי מִדְרְשָׁא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
This is **similar to** an incident involving **a certain man who came before Rabbi Ḥiyya** and **said to him: Give me a man who will purify my winepress** that I purchased from a gentile. Rabbi Ḥiyya **said to Rav: Go with him and see** to it **that you** conduct yourself in such a manner that will **not cause** people **to complain against me** in **the study hall.** Rav **went** with him and **saw that** the winepress **was very smooth** with pitch. Rav **said: Cleansing will certainly be sufficient for this,** because it does not absorb the wine. **While** Rav **was going and coming, he saw a crack underneath** his feet **and saw that it was full of wine.** He then **said: Cleansing is not sufficient for this; rather,** it requires **peeling. And this is what my uncle [*ḥavivi*]** meant when he **said to me: See** to it **that you do not cause** people **to complain against me** in **the study hall.**


###### Avodah Zarah 74b:5
[Avodah Zarah 74b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/74b:5)

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: הַגַּת וְהַמַּחַץ וְהַמַּשְׁפֵּךְ שֶׁל גּוֹיִם, רַבִּי מַתִּיר בְּנִיגּוּב, וַחֲכָמִים אוֹסְרִין. וּמוֹדֶה רַבִּי בְּקַנְקַנִּים שֶׁל גּוֹיִם שֶׁהֵן אֲסוּרִין. וּמָה הֶפְרֵשׁ בֵּין זֶה לָזֶה? זֶה מַכְנִיסוֹ בְּקִיּוּם, וְזֶה אֵין מַכְנִיסוֹ בְּקִיּוּם. וְשֶׁל עֵץ וְשֶׁל אֶבֶן — יְנַגֵּב, וְאִם הָיוּ מְזוּפָּפִין — אֲסוּרִין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The Sages taught:** With regard to **the winepress and** its utensils, **the ladle and the funnel, which belong to gentiles, Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **permits** them **by cleansing, and the Rabbis deem** them **forbidden. And Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **concedes with regard to** earthenware **jugs belonging to gentiles that they are forbidden. And what is the difference between this** case **and that** case? **This** jug **contains** the wine **for storage** purposes, **and that** case, involving a ladle and a funnel, involves utensils that **do not contain it for storage** purposes but only temporarily. **And** if the winepress or its utensils are fashioned **of wood or stone,** one **must cleanse** them, **but if they were lined with pitch, they are forbidden,** and cleansing is not sufficient to render them permitted.


###### Avodah Zarah 74b:6
[Avodah Zarah 74b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/74b:6)

וְהָתְנַן: גַּת שֶׁל אֶבֶן שֶׁזְּפָתָהּ גּוֹי — מְנַגְּבָהּ וְהִיא טְהוֹרָה! מַתְנִיתִין דְּלֹא דָּרַךְ בָּהּ, בָּרַיְיתָא דְּדָרַךְ בָּהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises an objection to the last clause of the *baraita*: **But didn’t we learn** in the mishna that in the case of **a stone winepress that a gentile lined with pitch, one may cleanse it and it is pure?** The Gemara answers: **The mishna** is referring to a case **where** the gentile **did not tread** on his grapes **in it,** whereas **the *baraita*** is referring to a case **where he trod** on his grapes **in it.**


###### Avodah Zarah 74b:7
[Avodah Zarah 74b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/74b:7)

אָמַר מָר: הַגַּת וְהַמַּחַץ וְהַמַּשְׁפֵּךְ שֶׁל גּוֹיִם, רַבִּי מַתִּיר בְּנִיגּוּב, וַחֲכָמִים אוֹסְרִין. וְהָאֲנַן תְּנַן: שֶׁל חֶרֶס, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁקָּלַף אֶת הַזֶּפֶת — הֲרֵי זוֹ אֲסוּרָה! אָמַר רָבָא: סֵיפָא דְּמַתְנִיתִין אֲתָאן לְרַבָּנַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The Master said** above: With regard to **the winepress and the ladle and the funnel that belong to gentiles, Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **permits** them **by cleansing, and the Rabbis deem** them **forbidden.** The Gemara asks: **But didn’t we learn** in the mishna that if the winepress is **of earthenware, even if one peeled off the pitch this** press **is forbidden? Rava said:** In **the last clause of the mishna we arrive at** the opinion of **the Rabbis.**


###### Avodah Zarah 74b:8
[Avodah Zarah 74b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/74b:8)

דָּרֵשׁ רָבָא: נַעֲוָה אַרְתַּחוּ. רָבָא כִּי הֲוָה מְשַׁדַּר גּוּלְפֵי לְהַרְפַּנְיָא, סָחֵיף לְהוּ אַפּוּמַּיְיהוּ וְחָתֵים לְהוּ אַבִּירְצַיְיהוּ. קָסָבַר: כׇּל דָּבָר שֶׁמַּכְנִיסוֹ לְקִיּוּם, אֲפִילּוּ לְפִי שָׁעָה — גְּזַרוּ בֵּיהּ רַבָּנַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rava taught:** If one has **a tank** of wine used by gentiles, he must **scald it** in order to render it permitted for use. **When Rava would dispatch** empty **kegs to Harpanya, he would turn them over,** placing them in their sacks **on their openings, and seal** the sacks **on their brims,** so that the gentile carriers would not be able to use them for wine. **He maintained** that with regard to **anything that** is used to **contain** wine **for storage, even** if the wine may be stored in it only **temporarily, the Sages decreed** that **it** is forbidden for use as though it had contained wine.


###### Avodah Zarah 74b:9
[Avodah Zarah 74b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Avodah%20Zarah/r/74b:9)

בַּמֶּה מְנַגְּבָן? רַב אָמַר: בְּמַיִם, רַבָּה בַּר בַּר חָנָה אָמַר: בְּאֵפֶר. רַב אָמַר בְּמַיִם — בְּמַיִם וְלֹא בְּאֵפֶר? רַבָּה בַּר בַּר חָנָה אָמַר בְּאֵפֶר — בְּאֵפֶר וְלֹא בְּמַיִם? אֶלָּא

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara asks with regard to the cleansing mentioned in the mishna: **How does one cleanse** a winepress, or utensils used by a gentile for wine? **Rav says:** One cleans it **with water. Rabba bar bar Ḥana says:** One cleans it **with ashes.** The Gemara asks: When **Rav says:** One cleans it **with water,** does he mean only **with water and not with ashes** as well? Furthermore, when **Rabba bar bar Ḥana says:** One cleans it **with ashes,** does he mean only **with ashes, and not with water** as well? **Rather,** their statements must be understood as follows: