## Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin Chapter 4

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:1:1)

**הֶשֵּׂג יָד בַּנּוֹדֵר.** תּוֹרַת דִּין הַשָּׂגַת יָד, שֶׁעָנִי נִדּוֹן בַּעֲרָכִין כְּפִי הֶשֵּׂג יָדוֹ, בָּתַר נוֹדֵר אָזְלִינַן, וְלֹא בָתַר נִדָּר, כְּדִמְפָרֵשׁ לְקַמָּן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
השג יד-בנודר (the law regulating the payment of certain vows according to one’s means – Leviticus 27:8) -the teaching of the law regulating the payment of certain vows according to one’s means, that the poor person is judged in Valuation according to his means/wealth, for we follow after the person making the vow, and not after the person about whom the vow is taken, as will be explained further on (see Mishnah 4 of this chapter) and as we learned in Tractate Arakhin, Chapter 2, Mishnah 1, the valuation is no less than a Sela).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:1:2)

**וְהַשָּׁנִים בַּנִּדָּר.** יֶלֶד שֶׁהֶעֱרִיךְ עֵרֶךְ זָקֵן, נוֹתֵן עֵרֶךְ זָקֵן, דְּלֹא אָזְלִינַן בָּתַר שָׁנִים דְּנוֹדֵר. וְתַנָּא דְּקָרֵי לְמַעֲרִיךְ נוֹדֵר, לִישְׁנָא דִּקְרָא נָקַט, דִּכְתִיב (ויקרא כז) עַל פִּי אֲשֶׁר תַּשִּׂיג יַד הַנּוֹדֵר יַעֲרִיכֶנּוּ הַכֹּהֵן. וְאַיְדֵי דְאָמַר הֶשֵּׂג יָד בַּנּוֹדֵר אָמַר נַמִּי הַשָּׁנִים בַּנִּדָּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והשנים בנידר – a young child that made a valuation of the value of an old person gives the valuation of the old person, and we don’t follow after the years of the person who is making the vow. And the Tanna/teacher who calls the one dedicating the value of the person [or of an animal unfit for the altar] the one making a vow, as he took the language of Scripture, as it is written (Leviticus 27:8): “and the priest shall assess hm according to what the vower can afford.” And since it (i.e., the Mishnah) stated, “[the estimate of] ability to pay [is made in accordance with the status of] the one who vows, it (i.e., the Mishnah) also stated, [the estimate of the] the years [of age is made in accord with the status of] the one [whose Valuation] is vowed.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:1:3)

**וְהָעֲרָכִים בַּנֶּעֱרָךְ.** קְצַב הָעֵרֶךְ דְּזָכָר וּנְקֵבָה, בָּתַר נֶעֱרָךְ אָזֵיל, וְלֹא בָּתַר מַעֲרִיךְ, כְּדִמְפָרֵשׁ לְקַמָּן דְּאִישׁ שֶׁאָמַר עֵרֶךְ אִשָּׁה פְלוֹנִית עָלָי נוֹתֵן עֵרֶךְ אִשָּׁה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והערכים בנערך (the vows of value are regulated by the condition of the person whose value is vowed) - the determination of the valuation of a male and a female, we follow after that of the one who is the subject of Valuation, as it will be explained further on (see Mishnah 4 of this chapter).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:1:4)

**וְהָעֵרֶךְ בִּזְמַן הָעֵרֶךְ.** כְּדִמְפָרֵשׁ לְקַמָּן, שֶׁאִם הֶעֱרִיךְ עַצְמוֹ כְשֶׁהָיָה פָּחוֹת מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים דַּהֲוֵי עֵרֶךְ קָטָן, וְקֹדֶם נְתִינָתוֹ הָיָה בֶּן עֶשְׂרִים, אֵינוֹ נוֹתֵן אֶלָּא כְּשָׁעָה שֶׁהֶעֱרִיךְ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והערך בזמן הערך – as it is explained further on (Mishnah 2), for if he made a valuation of himself when he was less than twenty-years of age, which is the valuation of a minor, and prior to his giving it, he was twenty-years of age, he does not give other than at the time of the valuation.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:2:1)

**אוֹמֵר אֲנִי אַף בַּעֲרָכִין כֵּן.** אִלּוּ מִתְרְמֵי אַף בַּעֲרָכִין דּוּמְיָא דְקָרְבָּנוֹת, הָוֵי כְקָרְבָּנוֹת, דְּהָא דְאָמַרְתְּ דַּעֲרָכִין אֵינָן כְּקָרְבָּנוֹת, מִשּׁוּם דְּלֹא דָמוּ אַהֲדָדֵי, דְּמִפְּנֵי מָה עָנִי שֶׁהֶעֱרִיךְ עָשִׁיר נוֹתֵן עֵרֶךְ עָנִי לְפִי הֶשֵּׂג יָד, לְפִי שֶׁאֵין הֶעָשִׁיר חַיָּב כְּלוּם, וְלֹא דָמִי לִמְצֹרָע. וְזֶה שֶׁאָמַר עַל הֶעָשִׁיר, לֹא נִתְכַּוֵּן אֶלָּא לְפִי מִדַּת שְׁנוֹתָיו שֶׁל עָשִׁיר שֶׁפְּחוּתִים אוֹ יְתֵרִים עַל שְׁנוֹתָיו שֶׁלּוֹ, הִלְכָּךְ נִדּוֹן בְּהֶשֵּׂג יָד. אֲבָל עָשִׁיר שֶׁאָמַר עֶרְכִּי עָלָי דַּהֲוֵי חַיָּב עֵרֶךְ שָׁלֵם, דּוּמְיָא דִמְצֹרָע [עָשִׁיר], וְשָׁמַע הֶעָנִי וְאָמַר מַה שֶּׁאָמַר זֶה עָלָי, נוֹתֵן עֵרֶךְ עָשִׁיר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אומר אני אף בערכין כן – if it happens by chance, even with Valuations is similar to sacrifices, then it is like sacrifices, But it was stated [in this Mishnah] that Valuations are not like Sacrifices, because they are not similar one with the other, and for what reason does a poor person who dedicated the value of a rich person, gives the value of a poor person because of the law regarding the payment of certain vows according to one’s [own] means, because the rich person is not liable for anything, and not the monetary value of the Metzorah/leper. But this [individual] who spoke regarding the rich person, did not intend other than according to the measurement of the years of the rich individual which are less or more than his own years. Therefore, he is judged according to his own means/wealth, but the rich person who said: “My value is upon me,” that he is liable for a complete/full value, similar to the [wealthy] leper and the poor person heard it and said, “What that person that this upon me,” he gives the value of a rich person. This is the reading.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:2:2)

**הָכִי גָּרְסִינַן הָיָה עָנִי וְהֶעֱשִׁיר אוֹ עָשִׁיר וְהֶעֱנִי מְשַׁלֵּם עֵרֶךְ עָשִׁיר.** הָיָה עָנִי וְהֶעֱשִׁיר קֹדֶם נְתִינָה, מְשַׁלֵּם עֵרֶךְ עָשִׁיר, אֲשֶׁר תַּשִּׂיג יַד הַנּוֹדֵר אָמַר רַחֲמָנָא, וַהֲרֵי יָדוֹ מַשֶּׂגֶת. עָשִׁיר וְהֶעֱנִי נַמִּי תַּשִּׂיג יַד הַנּוֹדֵר כְּתִיב, וַהֲרֵי הָיְתָה מַשֶּׂגֶת בְּעֵת שֶׁנָּדַר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
היה עני והעשיר או עשיר והעני משלם ערך עשיר – if he was poor and became rich prior to giving [the valuation money], he pays the value of a rich person, for the All-Merciful one said (Leviticus 27:8): “according to what the vower can afford,” for it is in regard to one’s wealth/means. Rich and the poor [alike] also according to one’s means of the person who vows, is written (see the verse mentioned above), for he had the means at the time that he made the vow.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:2:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:2:3)

**רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר אֲפִלּוּ עָנִי וְהֶעֱשִׁיר וְחָזַר וְהֶעֱנִי נוֹתֵן עֵרֶךְ עָשִׁיר.** דִּכְתִיב (ויקרא כז) וְאִם מָךְ הוּא מֵעֶרְכְּךָ, עַד שֶׁיְּהֵא בְמָכוּתוֹ מִתְּחִלָּתוֹ וְעַד סוֹפוֹ. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רבי יהודה אומר אפילו עני והעשיר וחזר והעני נותן ערך עשיר – as it is written (Leviticus 27:8): “But if one cannot afford the equivalent,” until it will be that he must have remained in his impoverished condition from the beginning to the end of the proceedings (see Talmud Arakhin 17b). But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:3:1)

**אֲפִלּוּ אָבִיו מֵת.** בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁנִּתְחַיֵּב זֶה בְּקָרְבָּן הָיָה אָבִיו גּוֹסֵס וְנוֹטֶה לָמוּת, וּמֵת וְיָרַשׁ מִמֶּנּוּ רִבּוֹא קֹדֶם שֶׁהֵבִיא קָרְבָּנוֹ, אֵינוֹ מֵבִיא אֶלָּא קָרְבַּן עָנִי, כְּמוֹ שֶׁהָיָה בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁנִּתְחַיֵּב בַּקָּרְבָּן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אפילו אביו מת – at the time when this person is obligated for a sacrifice, his father is on his deathbed and about to die, and he (i.e., the father) died and he inherited from him ten-thousand before he brought his sacrifice, he does not bring anything other than the sacrifice of an impoverished person, just as he was at the time that he became obligated for a sacrifice.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:3:2)

**סְפִינָתוֹ בַיָּם.** לֹא שֶׁהָיְתָה סְפִינָתוֹ טְעוּנָה מִסְּחוֹרוֹת שֶׁלּוֹ בְּרִבּוֹא, דְּאִם כֵּן עָשִׁיר הוּא. אֶלָּא שֶׁהָיְתָה סְפִינָתוֹ מֻשְׂכֶּרֶת לַאֲחֵרִים בְּרִבּוֹא שָׂכָר, וְהוּא אֵין בְּיָדוֹ אֶלָּא אוֹתָהּ סְפִינָה. וּמִשּׁוּם שְׂכָרָהּ לָאו עָשִׁיר הוּא, דְּאֵין שְׂכִירוּת מִשְׁתַּלֶּמֶת אֶלָּא בְּסוֹפָהּ, וְנִמְצָא שֶׁעַכְשָׁיו עָנִי הוּא. וּמִשּׁוּם הַסְּפִינָה עַצְמָהּ לָאו עָשִׁיר הוּא, דְּהַאי תַּנָּא סָבַר כְּמַאן דְּאָמַר לְקַמָּן שֶׁאִם הָיָה הַמַּעֲרִיךְ חַמָּר נוֹתֵן לוֹ הַכֹּהֵן חֲמוֹרוֹ וְאֵינוֹ נוֹטְלוֹ לַהֶקְדֵּשׁ, וְאִם הָיָה אִכָּר מַנִּיחַ לוֹ צֶמֶד בְּקָרוֹ דְּהִיא פַּרְנָסָתוֹ, וְהָכִי נַמִּי מַנִּיחַ לוֹ סְפִינָתוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ספינתו בים – not that his ship was lade from his business-dealings with ten-thousand, for if so, he is rich. But rather, that his ship was rented out to others with ten-thousand as payment, and he lacks anything in his hand other than that ship. But because of the payment, he is not rich, for the rent is not completely paid other than at the end, and it is found that now he is a poor person. But, because of the ship itself, he is a poor person, for this Tanna/teacher [of the Mishnah] holds like one who says further on (see Talmud Arakhin 17b-18a) that if the person making the Valuation was a donkey-driver, the Kohen gives him his donkey and he doesn’t give it to be dedicated to the Temple, but if he was a farmer, he leaves for him the yoke/pair of working animals tied to the yoke which is his income. And so too, he leaves him his ship.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:4:1)

**יֶלֶד.** מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים וְעַד בֶּן שִׁשִּׁים, דַּהֲוֵי עֶרְכּוֹ חֲמִשִּׁים שְׁקָלִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ילד – (who pledged the valuation of an elder) from age twenty until age sixty, for his value is fifty Shekel.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:4:2)

**נוֹתֵן כִּזְמַן הָעֵרֶךְ.** דִּכְתִיב (ויקרא כז) כְּעֶרְכְּךָ יָקוּם, אֵינוֹ נוֹתֵן אֶלָּא כִּזְמַן הָעֵרֶךְ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
נותן כזמן הערך – as it is written (Leviticus 27:17): “[If he consecrates his land as of the jubilee year,] its assessment stands,” he does not give other than according to the time of the valuation.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:4:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:4:3)

**יוֹם שְׁלֹשִׁים כִּלְמַטָּה.** אִם אָמַר עֵרֶךְ פְּלוֹנִי קָטָן עָלָי, וְאוֹתוֹ קָטָן הָיָה בְּאוֹתוֹ יוֹם בֶּן שְׁלֹשִׁים, הָוֵי כִלְמַטָּה וְלֹא אָמַר כְּלוּם. דְּאֵין עֵרֶךְ לְפָחוּת מִבֶּן חֹדֶשׁ. דְּהָכִי כְּתִיב [שָׁם] וְאִם מִבֶּן חֹדֶשׁ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
יום שלשים כלמטה – if he stated that the valuation of so-and-so a minor child is upon me, and that minor was on that day was thirty [days old], it is like it is below that, and he did not say anything, for there is no valuation for less than a month [old], and thus it is written (Leviticus 27:6): “If the age is from one month [to five years, the equivalent for a male is five shekels of silver, and the equivalent for a female is three shekels of silver].”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:4:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:4:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:4:4)

**מִבֶּן שִׁשִּׁים שָׁנָה וָמַעְלָה.** מַשְׁמַע שֶׁשָּׁלְמָה שְׁנַת שִׁשִּׁים וְאָז הוּא נִדּוֹן כְּשִׁשִּׁים, אֲבָל בִּשְׁנַת שִׁשִּׁים נִדּוֹן כְּיֶלֶד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מבן ששים שנה ומעלה – implying that the sixtieth year was completed, and then he is judged like someone sixty [years old], but in the sixtieth year, he is judged as a child.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:4:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:4:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:4:5)

**הֵן אִם עָשִׂינוּ.** בִּתְמִיהָה. כְּלוֹמַר, וְכִי כֵן הוּא, אִם עָשִׂינוּ [שְׁנַת] שִׁשִּׁים כִּלְמַטָּה לְהַחֲמִיר דְּעֵרֶךְ גָּדוֹל יֵשׁ לְפָחוּת מִבֶּן שִׁשִּׁים חֲמִשִּׁים סֶלַע, וּלְיוֹתֵר מִבֶּן שִׁשִּׁים אֵינוֹ אֶלָּא חֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הן אם עשינו – in astonishment. Meaning to say, and if this the case, if we made the sixtieth [year] like it is lower than this to be stringent for a valuation of an adult one should lessen from athe age of sixty for fifty Sela, but for someone older than age sixty, it is not other than fifteen [Sela].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:4:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:4:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:4:6)

**כִּלְמַטָּה מִמֶּנָּה לְהָקֵל.** דְּעֵרֶך יוֹתֵר עַל בֶּן עֶשְׂרִים, גָּדוֹל הוּא מִפָּחוּת מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים. וְכֵן בְּבֶן חָמֵשׁ. כְּדִכְתִיבֵי בִקְרָאֵי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כלמטה ממנה להקל – that the valuation is more for someone who is twenty years old, an adult who is a less than twenty years, old, and similarly, with someone who is five [years old]. As it is written in Biblical verses.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:4:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin 4:4:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Arakhin/r/4:4:7)

**רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר.** לְעוֹלָם שְׁנַת חָמֵשׁ וּשְׁנַת עֶשְׂרִים וּשְׁנַת שִׁשִּׁים כִּלְמַטָּה, עַד שֶׁתִּשְׁלַם כָּל הַשָּׁנָה וְחֹדֶשׁ וְיוֹם אֶחָד מִשָּׁנָה הָאַחֶרֶת. דְּיָלֵיף גְּזֵרָה שָׁוָה לְמַעְלָה לְמַעְלָה מִבְּכוֹר, נֶאֱמַר כָּאן מִבֶּן שִׁשִּׁים שָׁנָה וָמַעְלָה, וְנֶאֱמַר בִּבְכוֹר אָדָם (במדבר יח) וּפְדוּיָו מִבֶּן חֹדֶשׁ וָמַעְלָה, מַה לְּהַלָּן חֹדֶשׁ וְיוֹם אֶחָד, שֶׁאֵין בְּכוֹר נִפְדֶּה פָּחוּת מִבֶּן חֹדֶשׁ וְיוֹם אֶחָד, אַף כָּאן עַד שֶׁיּוֹסִיף עַל שִׁשִּׁים חֹדֶשׁ וְיוֹם אֶחָד. וּשְׁנַת חָמֵשׁ וּשְׁנַת עֶשְׂרִים יָלְפִינַן בִּגְזֵרָה שָׁוָה שָׁנָה שָׁנָה מִשְּׁנַת שִׁשִּׁים, כִּדְיָלֵיף תַּנָּא קַמָּא לְעֵיל. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רבי אליעזר אומר (the foregoing applies so long as they are a month and a day more than the years [which are prescribed]) - Always the fifth year and the twentieth year and the sixtieth year are like less than that age. That we derive from an analogy comparing from the usage of the word "למעלה" and "למעלה". It is stated here (Leviticus 27:7): “If the age is sixty years or over/מבן-ששים שנה ומעלה, [the equivalent is fifteen shekels in the case of a male and ten shekels for a female],” and it is stated (Numbers 18:16): “Take as their redemption price from the age of one month up/ופדויו מבן חודש ומעלה [the money equivalent of five shekels by the sanctuary weight which is twenty gerahs],” just as there it is it is one month and one day, for a firstling is not redeemed any younger than from one month and one day, so even here, until he adds on to the sixty months and one day. And the fifth year and the twentieth year we derive from an analogy – שנה שנה /a year, a year (see the Mishnah), from the sixtieth year, as the first Tanna/teacher derives above, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Eliezer.