## Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia Chapter 3

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:1:1)

**הַמַּפְקִיד.** וְלֹא רָצָה לִשָּׁבַע. שְׁבוּעַת הַשּׁוֹמְרִין. שֶׁהָיָה יָכוֹל לִפָּטֵר אִם נִשְׁבַּע שֶׁלֹּא פָשַׁע בָּהּ וְשֶׁלֹּא שָׁלַח בָּהּ יָד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
המפקיד. ולא רצה לישבע – the oath of the bailees, for he was able to make himself exempt if he took an oath that he did was not negligent with it and did not make illegitimate use of it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:1:2)

**לְמִי שֶׁהַפִּקָּדוֹן אֶצְלוֹ.** דְּכֵיוָן דְּשִׁלֵּם קָנָה כָל תַּשְׁלוּמֶיהָ. וַאֲפִלּוּ לֹא שִׁלֵּם, אֶלָּא כֵיוָן שֶׁאָמַר בְּבֵית דִּין הֲרֵינִי מְשַׁלֵּם, קָנָה כָּל תַּשְׁלוּמֶיהָ, לֹא שְׁנָא תַּשְׁלוּמֵי כֶפֶל וְלֹא שְׁנָא תַּשְׁלוּמֵי אַרְבָּעָה וַחֲמִשָּׁה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
למי שהפקדון שלו – for since he paid, he has acquired all of its indemnities. And even if he did not pay but rather since he said in the Jewish court that he would pay, he has acquired all of the indemnities. There is no difference made between double indemnity or four/five times the indemnity.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:2:1)

**הַשּׂוֹכֵר פָּרָה מֵחֲבֵרוֹ.** וְעָמַד שׂוֹכֵר וְהִשְׁאִילָהּ לְאַחֵר בִּרְשׁוּת הַמַּשְׂכִּיר. שֶׁאִם לֹא נָתַן לוֹ הַמַּשְׂכִּיר רְשׁוּת, הָא קָיְמָא לָן שׁוֹמֵר שֶׁמָּסַר לְשׁוֹמֵר חַיָּב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
השוכר פרה מחבירו – and the renter/leasee stood and lent it (i.e., the cow) to another with the permission of the lender. But if the leaser had not given permission, we establish that a bailee who transferred [an object] to another bailee is liable.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:2:2)

**יִשָּׁבַע הַשּׂוֹכֵר.** לַמַּשְׂכִּיר.

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ישבע השוכר – to the leaser


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:2:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:2:3)

**שֶׁמֵּתָה כְדַרְכָּהּ וּפָטוּר.** שֶׁהַשּׂוֹכֵר פָּטוּר מִן הָאֳנָסִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שמתה כדרכה – and is exempt [from payment], for the renter is exempt from unavoidable accidents.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:2:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:2:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:2:4)

**וְהַשּׁוֹאֵל.** שֶׁהוּא חַיָּב בָּאֳנָסִין, מְשַׁלֵּם לַשּׂוֹכֵר, בִּשְׁבוּעָה שֶׁהוּא נִשְׁבַּע לַמַּשְׂכִּיר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והשואל – who is liable for unavoidable accidents , pays the renter, with an oath that he swears to the landlord.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:2:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:2:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:2:5)

**אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי כֵּיצַד הַלָּה עוֹשֶׂה סְחוֹרָה וְכוּ'.** וַהֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אמר רבי יוסי: כיצד הלה עושה סחורה וכו' – And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yosi.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:3:1)

**אָמַר לִשְׁנַיִם גָּזַלְתִּי לְאֶחָד מִכֶּם.** וְהֵם אֵינָם תּוֹבְעִים לוֹ כְּלוּם, אֶלָּא הוּא בָּא לָצֵאת יְדֵי שָׁמַיִם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אמר לשנים: גזלתי לאחד מכם – And they do not make a claim against him at all, but he wants to fulfill [his responsibility] according to heaven.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:3:2)

**נוֹתֵן לָזֶה מָנֶה וְלָזֶה מָנֶה.** אֲבָל שְׁנַיִם שֶׁתְּבָעוּהוּ וְהוֹדָה שֶׁגָּזַל לְאֶחָד מֵהֶם, יִשָּׁבַע כָּל אֶחָד מֵהֶם שֶׁלּוֹ גָּזַל, וְנוֹתֵן מָנֶה לָזֶה וּמָנֶה לָזֶה. קְנָס קְנָסוּהוּ חֲכָמִים מִפְּנֵי שֶׁעָבַר עַל לֹא תִגְזֹל. וְכֵן שְׁנַיִם שֶׁתָּבְעוּ לְאֶחָד, כָּל אֶחָד אוֹמֵר אָבִי הִפְקִיד אֶצְלְךָ מָנֶה, וְהוּא אוֹמֵר אָבִיו שֶׁל אֶחָד מִכֶּם הִנִּיחַ לִי מָנֶה וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ אֵיזֶהוּ, הֲרֵי כָּל אֶחָד מֵהֶם נִשְׁבַּע שֶׁאָבִיו הִנִּיחַ אֶצְלוֹ מָנֶה, וְנוֹתֵן מָנֶה לָזֶה וּמָנֶה לָזֶה, דְּאִיהוּ פָּשַׁע בְּנַפְשֵׁיהּ, דַּהֲוָה לֵיהּ לְמֵידַק וְלִזְכֹּר מִי הִנִּיחַ אֶצְלוֹ הַמָּנֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
נותן לזה מנה ולזה מנה – but two who make claim and he admits that the stole from one of them, every one takes an oath that he stole from him. The Sages imposed a fine upon him because he translated on לא תגזול/”you shall not commit robbery” (Leviticus 19:13); and similarly, two who make a claim against one, each one says: “My father deposited with you a Maneh.” And he states: “The father of one of you left with me a Maneh but I do not know which one [of you];” each one of them swore that his father left with him a Maneh, and he gives a Maneh to this one and a Maneh to that one. For he had committed an act of negligence against himself for he should have paid attention and to remember who left with him the Maneh.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:4:1)

**שְׁנַיִם שֶׁהִפְקִידוּ אֵצֶל אֶחָד זֶה מָנֶה וְזֶה מָאתַיִם.** כְּגוֹן דְּאַפְקִידוּ תַּרְוַיְהוּ כִּי הֲדָדֵי זֶה בִּפְנֵי זֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שנים שהפקידו אצל אחד זה מנה וזה מאתים – such as the case where both of them deposited together one before the other.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:4:2)

**נוֹתֵן לָזֶה מָנֶה וְלָזֶה מָנֶה וְכוּ'.** דְּאָמַר לְהוּ אַתּוּן לֹא קָפְדִיתוּ אַהֲדָדֵי, וְלֹא חֲשַׁדְתֶּם זֶה אֶת זֶה שֶׁמָּא חֲבֵרוֹ יִתְבַּע הַמָּאתַיִם. אֲנָא נַמִּי לֹא רְמַאי אַנַּפְשַׁאי לְמֵידַק הַמָּאתַיִם שֶׁל מִי הֵן. וְנַעֲשׂוּ כְּאִלּוּ הִנִּיחוּ כָּל הַשְּׁלֹשׁ מֵאוֹת בִּצְרוֹר אֶחָד, דְּלֹא הָוֵי לֵיהּ לְמֵידַק מַה יֵּשׁ לָזֶה בְתוֹכוֹ וּמַה יֵּשׁ לַחֲבֵרוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
נותן לזה מנה ולזה מנה וכו' – that he said to them: you who were not particular together, and you did not suspect each other, lest his fellow would claim the two-hundred. I also do not deceive myself to be particular about who gets the two-hundred. And they make it as if they placed all three-hundred in one bundle/bag , so they would not have to be particular about what one party has in it and what his fellow has in it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:4:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:4:3)

**מַה הִפְסִיד הָרַמַּאי.** וּלְעוֹלָם לֹא יוֹדֶה עַל הָאֱמֶת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מה הפסיד הרמאי – for he will never admit the truth.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:5:1)

**וְכֵן שְׁנֵי כֵלִים.** לְרַבָּנָן אִצְטְרִיכָא לֵיהּ. וְלֹא זוֹ אַף זוֹ קָתָנֵי, לֹא מִבַּעְיָא בְּמָנֶה וּמָאתַיִם דְּלֵיכָּא פְּסֵדָא דִּשְׁבִירַת כְּלִי, אָמְרוּ רַבָּנָן נוֹתֵן לָזֶה מָנֶה וְלָזֶה מָנֶה, אֶלָּא אֲפִלּוּ בִּשְׁנֵי כֵלִים דְּאִיכָּא פְּסֵדָא שֶׁצָּרִיךְ לְשַׁבֵּר הַכְּלִי הַגָּדוֹל כְּדֵי לָתֵת מִמֶּנּוּ דְּמֵי הַקָּטָן, וְלִכְשֶׁיָּבֹא אֵלִיָּהוּ נִמְצָא שֶׁבַּעַל הַכְּלִי הַגָּדוֹל הִפְסִיד שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּר הַכְּלִי שֶׁלּוֹ, וְסַלְקָא דַּעְתָּךְ אֲמֵינָא דִּבְהָא מוֹדוּ רַבָּנָן לְרַבִּי יוֹסֵי שֶׁהַכֹּל יְהֵא מֻנָּח עַד שֶׁיָּבֹא אֵלִיָּהוּ. קָמַשְׁמַע לָן. וַהֲלָכָה כַּחֲכָמִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וכן שני כלים – For the Rabbis, it is necessary for him. For not only this, but also that are taught. Not that it is necessary for one to have a Maneh and the other to have two-hundred Maneh, for there is no loss through the breaking of a utensil, the rabbis said that he should give to this one a Maneh and to that one a Maneh, but even with two utensils where there is loss that it is necessary to break to larger utensil to give from it the monetary value of the smaller one, and when Elijah comes, it is found that the owner of the larger utensil loses when his utensil is broken. And I might think that in this the Sages agree with Rabbi Yosi that everything is left aside until Elijah will come, but it comes to teach us the exact opposite. And the Halakha is like the Sages.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:6:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:6:1)

**אֲבוּדִים.** עַל יְדֵי עַכְבָּרִים אוֹ רִקָּבוֹן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אבודים – through mice or decay


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:6:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:6:2)

**לֹא יִגַּע בָּהֶן.** לְמָכְרָן, לְפִי שֶׁרוֹצֶה אָדָם בְּקַב שֶׁלּוֹ מִתִּשְׁעָה קַבִּין שֶׁל חֲבֵרוֹ, קַב שֶׁלּוֹ חָבִיב עָלָיו עַל יְדֵי שֶׁעָמֵל בּוֹ, מִתִּשְׁעָה קַבִּין שֶׁל אֲחֵרִים שֶׁיִּקַּח בִּדְמֵיהֶן אִם יִמְכְּרֵם. וְלֹא אָמְרוּ רַבָּנָן הֲרֵי זֶה לֹא יִגַּע בָּהֶן, אֶלָּא שֶׁלֹּא אָבְדוּ אֶלָּא עַד כְּדֵי חֶסְרוֹנָן הַמְּפֹרָשׁ בְּמִשְׁנָתֵנוּ, לְחִטִּים וּלְאֹרֶז תִּשְׁעָה חֲצָאֵי קַבִּין לַכּוֹר וְכוּ'‏. אֲבָל אִם אָבְדוּ יוֹתֵר מִכְּדֵי חֶסְרוֹנָן, מוֹדִים חֲכָמִים לְרַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל דְּמוֹכְרָן בְּבֵית דִּין. וַהֲלָכָה כַּחֲכָמִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לא יגע בהן – to see them since each person wants his Kab from the nine Kabim of his fellow. His Kab is beloved to him because he had toiled for it, from the nine Kabim of others that he would purchase with their monetary value if he would sell them. And the Rabbis said that he should not touch them, for they have not lost other than up to the diminution that is explicitly mentioned in our Mishnah: for wheat and rice Nine half-Kabim to a Kor, etc. But if they lost more than their diminution [in value], the Sages agree with Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel that they sell them in the Jewish court. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:7:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:7:1)

**הַמַּפְקִיד פֵּרוֹת אֵצֶל חֲבֵרוֹ.** וְעֵרְבָן הַנִּפְקָד עִם פֵּרוֹתָיו וְהָיָה מִסְתַּפֵּק מֵהֶן וְאֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ שִׁעוּר מַה שֶּׁאָכַל. כְּשֶׁבָּא לְהַחְזִירָן יוֹצִיא לוֹ חֶסְרוֹנוֹת, יִפְחֹת כַּמָּה הֵם רְגִילִים לַחְסֹר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
המפקיד פירות אצל חבירו – One who deposits produce with his fellow — and the bailee combined them with his own produce and consumed from them, and does not know the measure of what he consumed. When he comes to restore them, he should take out the loss, deducting what they normally deduct.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:7:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:7:2)

**תִּשְׁעָה חֲצָאֵי קַבִּין לְכוֹר.** הַכּוֹר שְׁלֹשִׁים סְאִין, וְהַסְּאָה שִׁשָּׁה קַבִּין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
תשעה חצאי קבין לכור – A Kor = 30 Seah and Seah = 6 Kabim.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:7:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:7:3)

**הַכֹּל לְפִי הַמִּדָּה.** כֵּן לְכָל כּוֹר וָכוֹר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הכל לפי הזמן – As such for each and every Kor.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:7:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:7:4)

**הַכֹּל לְפִי הַזְּמָן.** שֶׁהִנִּיחָם בְּיָדוֹ. לְכָל שָׁנָה וְשָׁנָה יְנַכֶּה לוֹ כָּךְ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הכל לפי הזמן – for each and every year he should duct for him such-an-amount


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:7:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:7:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:7:5)

**מָה אִכְפַּת לְהוּ לָעַכְבָּרִים.** כָּךְ אוֹכְלִים מִמִּדָּה מֻעֶטֶת כְּמוֹ מִמִּדָּה מְרֻבָּה. הִלְכָּךְ תִּשְׁעָה חֲצָאֵי קַבִּין לְשָׁנָה בֵין לְכוֹר בֵּין לָעֲשָׂרָה כוֹרִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מה איכפת להו לעכברים – Such-[an-amount] they eat from a small portion just like from a large portion. Therefore, nine and one-half Kabim per year whether from a Kor or from ten Korim.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:7:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:7:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:7:6)

**אִם הָיְתָה מִדָּה מְרֻבָּה.** שֶׁהִפְקִיד אֶצְלוֹ הַרְבֵּה, מֵעֲשָׂרָה כוֹרִין וּלְמַעְלָה, לֹא יוֹצִיא לוֹ חֶסְרוֹנוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אם היתה מדה מרובה – that he deposited with him a lot, from ten korim and upwards, he should take out the losses.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:7:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:7:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:7:7)

**מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵן מוֹתִירוֹת.** שֶׁבִּימוֹת הַגֹּרֶן כְּשֶׁמַּפְקִידִים הַחִטִּים, יְבֵשִׁים, וּבִימוֹת הַגְּשָׁמִים כְּשֶׁמַּחְזִירָן, נוֹפְחוֹת. וּבַאֲכִילַת עַכְבָּרִים אֵינָן נֶחְסָרִין כָּל כָּךְ לְכָל כּוֹר וָכוֹר, דְּכֻלֵּי הַאי לֹא אָכְלֵי עַכְבָּרִים מֵעֲשָׂרָה כוֹרִין, הִלְכָּךְ נְפִיחָתוֹ מַשְׁלֶמֶת לְמַה שֶּׁעַכְבָּרִים אוֹכְלִים. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה לֹא כְרַבִּי יְהוּדָה וְלֹא כְרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן נוּרִי. וְכָל הַשִּׁעוּרִים הַלָּלוּ בְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל וּבִימֵי הַתַּנָּאִים. אֲבָל בִּשְׁאָר אֲרָצוֹת וּבַזְּמַנִּים הַלָּלוּ, הַכֹּל כְּפִי מַה שֶּׁרְגִילִים הַזְּרָעִים לְחַסֵּר בְּאוֹתָהּ מְדִינָה וּבְאוֹתוֹ זְמַן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מפני שהן מותירות – for during the days of the granary when they deposit the wheat which is dry, and in the rainy days, when they return it, it blows up. And regarding the consumption by mice, the loss is not so great for each Kor, the mice do not eat all that much from the ten Korim. Therefore, their blowing-up [in the rainy season], restores what the mice consume. And the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda nor according to Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri. And all of these measures are [what applies] in the Land of Israel and during the days of the Tannaim, but in other lands at these times, all is dependent upon what the seeds normally lose in that particular country and time.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:8:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:8:1)

**יוֹצִיא לוֹ שְׁתוּת לְיַיִן.** אִם הִפְקִיד אֶצְלוֹ יַיִן וְעֵרְבוֹ עִם יֵינוֹ, הַקַּנְקַנִּים בּוֹלְעִים שְׁתוּת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
יוציא לו שתות יין – if he deposited with him wine and it got combined with his, the wine vessel absorbs one-sixth.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:8:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:8:2)

**רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר חֹמֶשׁ.** שֶׁהַקַּרְקַע שֶׁהָיוּ עוֹשִׂים מִמֶּנּוּ הַקַּנְקַנִּים בְּאַתְרֵיהּ דְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה בָּלַע חֹמֶשׁ. וְהַכֹּל לְפִי הַמָּקוֹם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רבי יהודה אומר: חומש – since the ground from which they made the wine-vessels in the place of Rabbi Yehuda absorbed one-fifth. And everything is according to the place.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:8:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:8:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:8:3)

**אַף הַמּוֹכֵר וְכוּ'.** כְּשֵׁם שֶׁאָמְרוּ שְׁמָרִים בַּמַּפְקִיד, כָּךְ אָמְרוּ בַּמּוֹכֵר. שֶׁהַמּוֹכֵר שֶׁמֶן לַחֲבֵרוֹ וְנוֹתֵן לוֹ מִתּוֹךְ חָבִיּוֹתָיו שֶׁמֶן מְזֻקָּק תָּמִיד שֶׁהוּא מִסְתַּפֵּק מִמֶּנּוּ, הֲרֵי הַלּוֹקֵחַ מְקַבֵּל עָלָיו לִפְחֹת לוֹ לֹג וּמֶחֱצָה מֵחֲמַת שְׁמָרִים לְכָל מֵאָה לֹג. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אף המוכר וכו' – Just as they said that there are lees with the depositor , so too they said regarding the seller. For one who sells oil to his fellow and always gives him from his barrels refined oil which is sufficient from him, the purchaser accepts upon himself to deduct from him a log-and-a-half from the walls of the sediment for every one-hundred log. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:9:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:9:1)

**לֹא יִחֲדוּ לָהּ הַבְּעָלִים מָקוֹם.** בְּבֵית שׁוֹמֵר, לוֹמַר לוֹ זָוִית זוֹ הַשְׁאִילֵנִי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לא יחדו לה הבעלים מקום – in the house of the bailee, to say to him: “lend me this corner.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:9:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:9:2)

**לְצָרְכּוֹ.** לְהִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ בָּהּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לצרכו – to use it


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:9:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:9:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:9:3)

**לְצָרְכָּהּ.** שֶׁהָיְתָה בְּמָקוֹם שֶׁקְּרוֹבָה לְהִשְׁתַּבֵּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לצרכה – that was in a place that it is close to being broken.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:9:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:9:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:9:4)

**אִם מִשֶּׁהִנִּיחָהּ.** שֶׁכִּלָּה תַשְׁמִישׁוֹ הִנִּיחָהּ בְּמָקוֹם מִשְׁתַּמֵּר. בֵּין שֶׁטִּלְטְלָהּ מִתְּחִלָּה לְצָרְכּוֹ, בֵּין שֶׁטִּלְטְלָהּ לְצָרְכָּהּ, פָּטוּר. דְּאָמְרִינַן מִשֶּׁהֶחְזִירָהּ הֲרֵי הִיא בִּרְשׁוּת הַבְּעָלִים כְּבַתְּחִלָּה, וְאֵינוֹ עָלֶיהָ אֶלָּא כְּשׁוֹמֵר חִנָּם וּפָטוּר עַל אָנְסֶיהָ, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא הוֹדִיעַ לַבְּעָלִים לוֹמַר נְטַלְתִּיהָ וְהֶחְזַרְתִּיהָ. וְרֵישָׁא דְּמַתְנִיתִין רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל הִיא, דְּאָמַר בְּגוֹנֵב טָלֶה מִן הָעֵדֶר וְהֶחְזִירוֹ לִמְקוֹמוֹ שֶׁהוּא פָטוּר דְּלֹא בָּעִינַן דַּעַת בַּעֲלִים. וְהַאי דְקָתָנֵי לֹא יִחֲדוּ לָהּ הַבְּעָלִים מָקוֹם, לֹא מִבַּעְיָא קָאָמַר, לֹא מִבַּעְיָא יִחֲדוּ לָהּ הַבְּעָלִים מָקוֹם וְהֶחְזִירָהּ לִמְקוֹמָהּ לְאַחַר שֶׁנִּשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ בָּהּ לְצָרְכּוֹ שֶׁהוּא פָטוּר, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא הוֹדִיעַ לַבְּעָלִים, שֶׁהֲרֵי הֶחְזִירָהּ לַמָּקוֹם הַמְּיֻחָד לָהּ, אֶלָּא אֲפִלּוּ לֹא יִחֲדוּ לָהּ הַבְּעָלִים מָקוֹם, דְּלָאו לְמָקוֹם מְיֻחָד לָהּ הֶחְזִירָהּ, פָּטוּר, הוֹאִיל וְהֶחְזִירָהּ לְמָקוֹם מִשְׁתַּמֵּר, דְּלֹא בָּעִינַן דַּעַת בְּעָלִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אם משהניחה – that he completed his usage [of it], he placed it in a well-guarded place. Whether he carried it initially for his own needs, whether he carried it for its needs, he is exempt, since we say from he returned it, it is in the owners’ domain as [it was] originally, and concerning it, he is nothing other than an unpaid bailee and is exempt from its unavoidable accidents. And even though he did not inform its owners to say, I took it and returned it. The first part of our Mishnah [is according to] Rabbi Yishmael who said regarding a person who stole a lamb from the flock and [later] returned it to its place, that he is exempt for we do not require the knowledge of the owners. And that which teaches that the owners did not specify a place for it as he returned it to its place after it was used for his needs, that he is exempt, and even though he did not inform the owners, he did return it to its designated/unique place. But even if the owners did not designate a specific/unique place, that when he returned it, it was not to the designated/unique place, he is exempt, for since he returned it to the protected/guarded place, that we did not require the knowledge of the owners.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:9:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:9:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:9:5)

**וּבֵין מִשֶּׁהִנִּיחָהּ לְצָרְכּוֹ חַיָּב.** סֵיפָא זוֹ אֲתָאן לְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא דְּאָמַר בְּגוֹנֵב טָלֶה מִן הָעֵדֶר וְהֶחְזִירוֹ לִמְקוֹמוֹ וְנֶאֱנַס, לְעוֹלָם הוּא חַיָּב, עַד שֶׁיּוֹדִיעַ לַבְּעָלִים שֶׁגָּנַב וְהֶחְזִיר. וְהָכָא נַמִּי לְאַחַר שֶׁנִּשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ בָּהּ לְצָרְכּוֹ וְנַעֲשָׂה גַזְלָן עָלֶיהָ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהִנִּיחָהּ בְּמָקוֹם הַמִּשְׁתַּמֵּר, חַיָּב. וְהַאי דְקָתָנֵי בַּסֵּיפָא יִחֲדוּ לָהּ הַבְּעָלִים מָקוֹם, לֹא מִבַּעְיָא קָאָמַר, לֹא מִבַּעְיָא לֹא יִחֲדוּ שֶׁהוּא חַיָּב מִשֶּׁהִנִּיחָהּ לְאַחַר שֶׁנִּשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ לְצָרְכּוֹ, דְּהָא לֹא הִנִּיחָהּ בְּמָקוֹם הַמְּיֻחָד לָהּ, אֶלָּא אֲפִלּוּ יִחֲדוּ לָהּ מָקוֹם, שֶׁחָזַר וְהִנִּיחָהּ בִּמְקוֹמָהּ, חַיָּב, דְּבָעִינַן דַּעַת בְּעָלִים. וְרֵישָׁא רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל וְסֵיפָא רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא. וְהָכִי מוֹקְמִינַן לָהּ בַּגְּמָרָא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ובין שהניחה לצרכו חייב – this end [of the Mishnah] is attributed to Rabbi Akiva, who said that a person who steals a lamb from a flock and returned it to its place and it met with an accident, he [i.e., the person who stole it] is always liable, until he informs the owners that he stole [the lamb] and returned [it]. And here also, after he used it for his own needs, and became a thief, regarding it, even though he left it (i.e., the lamb) in a guarded place. And that it is taught at the end [of the Mishnah] , “that the owners designated a particular place, we say that it was not necessary; it was not necessary that they did not designate that he is liable when he placed [the lamb], after he used it for his own needs, for he did not place it in the designated place for it, but even if they (i.e., the owners) designated a place, when he returned and put in its place, he is liable, for we require the knowledge of the owners. And the beginning of the Mishnah is [according to] Rabbi Yishmael and the end of the Mishnah is [according to] Rabbi Akiva. And this is how we establish it in the Gemara.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:10:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:10:1)

**צְרָרָן.** בְּסוּדָרוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
צררן – in his kerchief/scarf


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:10:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:10:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:10:2)

**וְהִפְשִׁילָן לַאֲחוֹרָיו.** אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁשְּׁמִירָה מְעֻלָּה הִיא, חַיָּב, שֶׁהַמּוֹלִיךְ מָעוֹת שֶׁל פִּקָּדוֹן מִמָּקוֹם לְמָקוֹם אֵין לָהֶם שְׁמִירָה אֶלָּא בְּיָדוֹ, דִּכְתִיב (דברים יד) וְצַרְתָּ הַכֶּסֶף בְּיָדְךָ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁצְּרוּרִים הֵם, יִהְיוּ בְּיָדְךָ. וְאִם בַּבַּיִת הוּא, אֵין לָהֶם שְׁמִירָה אֶלָּא בַּקַּרְקַע, וּבַכֹּתֶל, בְּטֶפַח הַסָּמוּךְ לַתִּקְרָה אוֹ בְּטֶפַח הַסָּמוּךְ לָאָרֶץ. שֶׁאֵין דֶּרֶךְ הַגַּנָּבִים לְחַפֵּשׂ שָׁם. וְאִם שָׁמַר בְּעִנְיָן אַחֵר, פּוֹשֵׁעַ הָוֵי וְחַיָּב. אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן הִתְנָה מִתְּחִלָּה עִם הַמַּפְקִיד שֶׁעַל מְנָת כֵּן הוּא מְקַבֵּל הַפִּקָּדוֹן, שֶׁלֹּא יִתְחַיֵּב בְּכָל הַשְּׁמִירוֹת הַלָּלוּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והפשילן לאחוריו – even though that this is high-level guarding, he is liable, for a person who carries deposited monies from place to place, they lack guarding other than in his hand, as it is written (Deuteronomy 14:24): “Wrap up the money (in your hand) [and take it with you to the place that the LORD your God has chosen].” Even though they are wrapped up, they will be “in your hand.” And if it is in the house, they lack [appropriate] guarding other than in the ground, or in the wall, in the handbreadth closest to the ceiling or the handbreadth closest to the ground. For it is not the manner of thieves to search there. But if he guarded it in another manner, he is negligent and liable, other than if initially, he made a condition with the depositor that for this condition he will accept the deposit, that he would not be liable for all of these forms of guardianship.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:10:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:10:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:10:3)

**לִבְנוֹ וּלְבִתּוֹ הַקְּטַנִּים.** אֲבָל לַגְּדוֹלִים, נִשְׁבָּעִים הֵם שֶׁשָּׁמְרוּ כְּדֶרֶךְ הַשּׁוֹמְרִים, וּפָטוּר. וְלֹא אָמְרִינַן בְּהָא שׁוֹמֵר שֶׁמָּסַר לְשׁוֹמֵר חַיָּב, שֶׁדֶּרֶךְ הָאָדָם לְהַפְקִיד מַה שֶּׁהֻפְקַד בְּיָדוֹ, בְּיַד אִשְׁתּוֹ וּבָנָיו. וְכָל הַמַּפְקִיד, עַל דַּעַת שֶׁיִּתְּנֵם הַנִּפְקָד בְּיַד אִשְׁתּוֹ וּבָנָיו הוּא מַפְקִיד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לבנו ולבתו הקטנים – but for adults, they take an oath that they guarded in the [appropriate] manner of bailees and are exempt. But we do not say regarding this that a bailee who transferred [the object] to another bailee is liable, for it is the way of a person to entrust what has been deposited in his hand – in the hand of his wife and his children. And all who make a deposit, with the knowledge that when he deposits something, that the one commissioned will give them into the hands of his wife and/or his children.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:11:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:11:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:11:1)

**אִם צְרוּרִין.** וַחֲתוּמִין, אוֹ קְשׁוּרִים קֶשֶׁר מְשֻׁנֶּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אם צרורין – and signed, or tied with a distinctive tie


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:11:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:11:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:11:2)

**לֹא יִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ בָּהֶן.** אֲבָל אִם אֵינָם חֲתוּמִים אוֹ קְשׁוּרִים קֶשֶׁר מְשֻׁנֶּה, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁצְּרוּרִין, הֲרֵי הֵן כְּמֻתָּרִין וּכְאִלּוּ אֵינָם קְשׁוּרִים כְּלָל, וּמֻתָּר לְהִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ בָּהֶן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לא ישתמש בהן – but if they are not signed or tied with a distinctive tie, even though they are wrapped, they are as permissible and as if they were not tied at all, and it is permissible to use them.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:11:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:11:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:11:3)

**חַיָּב בְּאַחֲרָיוּתָן.** וַאֲפִלּוּ לֹא נִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ בָּהֶן הָוֵי עֲלֵיהֶם שׁוֹמֵר שָׂכָר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁיָּכוֹל לְהִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ בָּהֶם, וְחַיָּב בִּגְנֵבָה וַאֲבֵדָה. וְאִם נִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ, הָווּ מִלְוָה גַּבֵּיהּ וְחַיָּב אַף בָּאֳנָסִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חייב באחריותן – and even if they were not used, he is [considered] regarding them as a paid bailee, because he is able to use them, and he liable for theft and loss. And if they were used, he is like a lender towards it and he is liable even for unavoidable accidents.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:11:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:11:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:11:4)

**רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר כַּשֻּׁלְחָנִי.** וַהֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רבי יהודה אמר: כשולחני – and the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehuda


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:12:1)

**יִלְקֶה בְחָסֵר וּבְיָתֵר.** בְּמַה שֶּׁחָסַר הַפִּקָּדוֹן, וּבְמַה שֶּׁהוֹתִיר. כְּגוֹן שֶׁהִפְקִיד אֶצְלוֹ רָחֵל טְעוּנָה צֶמֶר, אוֹ מְעֻבֶּרֶת, וְנִגְזְזָה אוֹ יָלְדָה לְאַחַר שֶׁשָּׁלַח בָּהּ יָד, מְשַׁלֵּם אוֹתָהּ וְאֶת גִּזּוֹתֶיהָ וְאֶת וַלְדוֹתֶיהָ, וְנִמְצָא שֶׁהוּא לוֹקֶה בְּמַה שֶּׁחָסְרָה אֶצְלוֹ. וּבְיָתֵר, שֶׁאִם נִתְעַבְּרָה אוֹ טָעֲנָה צֶמֶר כְּשֶׁהִיא אֶצְלוֹ, מְשַׁלֵּם אוֹתָהּ טְעוּנָה וּמְעֻבֶּרֶת כְּמוֹת שֶׁהִיא עַכְשָׁיו, וַהֲרֵי לוֹקֶה בְיָתֵר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ילקה בחסר וביתר – from what the deposit is missing and/or how much it increased, such as the case where a person deposited with him a ewe/sheep laden with wool, or pregnant, and it was sheered or it gave birth after he misappropriated it/made illegitimate use of it, he pays for it and for its shorn wool or its offspring, and it results that he is flogged for how much it became [worth] less, or increased, for if it had become pregnant or laden with wool while she was with him, he pays for it as it was laden or pregnant as it is currently, and he is flogged for an increase/addition.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:12:2)

**וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים כִּשְׁעַת הוֹצָאָה.** מִבֵּית הַבְּעָלִים, אִם טְעוּנָה טְעוּנָה, וְאִם רֵיקָנִית רֵיקָנִית:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ובית הלל אומרים: כשעת הוצאה – From the house of the owners, and if is laden, it is laden, and if it is bare, bare.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:12:3)

**רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר כִּשְׁעַת הַתְּבִיעָה.** כְּמוֹ שֶׁהוּא הַפִּקָּדוֹן בִּשְׁעַת הַעֲמָדָה בַדִּין. דִּכְתִיב (ויקרא ה) לַאֲשֶׁר הוּא לוֹ יִתְּנֶנּוּ בְּיוֹם אַשְׁמָתוֹ, יִתֵּן כְּמוֹ שֶׁהוּא בְּיוֹם אַשְׁמָתוֹ, בַּיּוֹם שֶׁמִּתְחַיֵּב בּוֹ בַּדִּין. וַהֲלָכָה כְּבֵית הִלֵּל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רבי עקיבא אומר כשעת התביעה – as the deposit is (i.e., the condition of the animal) at the time that of its appearance in court, as it is written (Leviticus 5:24): “…He shall pay it to its owner when he realizes his guilt.” He shall give like he is on the day of his guilt, on the day when he is found guilty in court. And the Halakha is according to the School of Hillel.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:12:4)

**הַחוֹשֵׁב לִשְׁלֹחַ יָד בְּפִקָּדוֹן.** אָמַר בִּפְנֵי עֵדִים אֶטֹּל פִּקְדוֹנוֹ שֶׁל פְּלוֹנִי לְעַצְמִי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
החושב לשלוח יד בפקדון – he said in in the presence of witnesses, “I will take his the deposit of so-and-so for myself.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:12:5)

**בֵּית שַׁמַּאי מְחַיְּבִים.** דִּכְתִיב (שמות כב) עַל כָּל דְּבַר פֶּשַׁע, מִשָּׁעָה שֶׁדִּבֵּר לִשְׁלֹחַ יָד הָוֵי פוֹשֵׁעַ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בית שמאי מחייבים – As it is written (Exodus 22:8): “In all charges of misappropriation –[pertaining to an ox, an ass, a sheep, a garment, or any other loss, whereof one party alleges, ‘This is it,’]…” from the time that he spoke to misappropriate, he is considered negligent.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:12:6)

**עַד שֶׁיִּשְׁלַח בּוֹ יָד.** דִּכְתִיב אִם לֹא שָׁלַח יָדוֹ בִּמְלֶאכֶת רֵעֵהוּ. וְהַאי עַל כָּל דְּבַר פֶּשַׁע, דָּרְשֵׁי בֵּיהּ בֵּית הִלֵּל, אָמַר לְעַבְדּוֹ וְלִשְׁלוּחוֹ לִשְׁלֹחַ יָד בַּפִּקָּדוֹן מִנַּיִן שֶׁהוּא חַיָּב, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר עַל כָּל דְּבַר פֶּשַׁע:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
עד שישלח בו יד – As it is written (Exodus 22:7): “…that he has not laid hands on the other’s property.” And this, “In all charges of misappropriation” (Exodus 22:8), the School of Hillel expounds upon this. He says to his servant or to his agent to misappropriate the deposit. Froom when is he liable? There is a teaching in the Scriptural text to intimate, the text reads: “In all charges of misappropriation” (Exodus 22:8).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:12:7)

**כֵּיצַד, הִטָּה אֶת הֶחָבִית.** הַשְׁתָּא מְפָרֵשׁ לְמִלְּתַיְהוּ דְבֵית הִלֵּל. וְאִית סְפָרִים דְּלֹא גָרְסֵי כֵיצַד. וּמִלְּתָא בְּאַנְפֵּיהּ נַפְשַׁהּ הִיא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כיצד? הטה את החבית – Now he explains the words of the School of Hillel, and there are books which don’t read "כיצד"/how? And it is a matter for itself.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:12:8)

**וְנִשְׁבְּרָה.** לְאַחַר זְמַן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ונשברה – after a time


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:12:9)

**אֵינוֹ מְשַׁלֵּם אֶלָּא רְבִיעִית.** דִּשְׁלִיחוּת יָד אֵינוֹ מִתְחַיֵּב בָּאֳנָסִים עַד שֶׁיִּמְשֹׁךְ אוֹ יַגְבִּיהַּ דַּהֲוֵי קְנִיָּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אינו משלם אלא רביעית – misappropriation does not make one liable for unavoidable accidents until he takes possession by drawing/seizing an object or lift it up which is acquisition.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:10
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia 3:12:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bava%20Metzia/r/3:12:10)

**הִגְבִּיהָהּ וְנָטַל.** לָאו דַּוְקָא נָטַל, דִּמְכִי אַגְבְּהָהּ עַל מְנָת לִטֹּל חַיָּב בְּאָנְסֶיהָ אֲפִלּוּ לֹא נָטַל מִמֶּנָּה כְלוּם. וְאִם נָטַל רְבִיעִית מִן הֶחָבִית וְהֶחְמִיץ הַיַּיִן הַנִּשְׁאָר בְּחָבִית אַחַר כֵּן, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא הִגְבִּיהַּ הֶחָבִית, מְשַׁלֵּם כָּל הַיַּיִן, שֶׁהוּא גָּרַם לַיַּיִן שֶׁהֶחְמִיץ, וְגִּירֵי דִּידֵיהּ הוּא דְּאַהֲנֵי לֵיהּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הגביהה ונטל – not exactly took, for when it is lifted up in order to to take [something], he is liable for an unavoidable accident, even if he didn’t take anything from it. But if he took a fourth of a Log (a LOG = 6 eggs in volume) from the barrel, and the rest of the wine in the barrel fermented afterwards, even though he did not lift the barrel up, he pays for all the wine, for he caused the wine to ferment, and it is his act that helped it [get sour] (see Bava Metzia 44a).