## Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot Chapter 7

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:1:1)

**מוּמִין אֵלּוּ.** הַפּוֹסְלִין בַּבְּכוֹר, פּוֹסְלִים בְּכֹהֵן לַעֲבוֹדָה, בֵּין קְבוּעִים בֵּין עוֹבְרִים כָּל זְמַן שֶׁהֵן עָלָיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מומין אלו – that invalidate the firstling, invalidate the Kohen in his Divine service, whether they are permanent or transient all the while that they are upon him.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:1:2)

**הַכִּילוֹן.** שֶׁרֹאשׁוֹ חַד מִלְּמַעְלָה וְרָחָב לְמַטָּה. וְדוֹמֶה לְכִסּוּי שֶׁל חָבִית שֶׁקָּרוּי אַכְלָה, לְפִיכָךְ נִקְרָא כִּילוֹן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הכילון (one whose head has the shape of a basket/wedge shaped – see Talmud Bekhorot 43b) – that his head is pointed from above and wide below. And it is similar to the covering of a wine jug which is called an אכלה (or אוכלא/basket or אובלא/perforated trough – vessel made of willow trigs) – therefore it is called a כילון.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:1:3)

**וְהַלַּפְתָּן.** שֶׁרֹאשׁוֹ דּוֹמֶה לְלֶפֶת, שֶׁרְחָבָה מִלְּמַעְלָה וְהֹלֶכֶת וְכָלָה מִלְּמַטָּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והלפתן (turnip-shaped) – that his head is similar to a turnip, that it is wide from above and becomes narrower from below.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:1:4)

**מַקָּבָן.** שֶׁדּוֹמֶה רֹאשׁוֹ לְמַקֶּבֶת, שֶׁבּוֹלֵט הַפַּדַּחַת לַחוּץ וְכֵן עָרְפּוֹ מֵאֲחוֹרָיו, וְלִצְדָעָיו שָׁוֶה רֹאשׁוֹ, וְדוֹמֶה לְפַטִּישׁ דְּהַיְנוּ מַקֶּבֶת שֶׁיּוֹצֵא מִלְּפָנָיו וּמֵאַחֲרָיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מקבן (one whose head is mallet-shaped – see Tractate Bekhorot 43b) – that his head is similar to a mallet, in that the forehead protrudes outward and similarly, his neck from behind him, but his temples are even with his head, and he is similar to a hammer – that is a mallet that goes forth from before him and from behind him.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:1:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:1:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:1:5)

**וְרֹאשׁוֹ שָׁקוּט.** גָּרְסִינַן. יֵשׁ מְפָרְשִׁים שֶׁרֹאשׁוֹ בּוֹלֵט הַרְבֵּה וְיוֹצֵא לַחוּץ כְּלַפֵּי פָּנָיו. וְיֵשׁ מְפָרְשִׁים שֶׁאֵינוֹ בּוֹלֵט כְּלָל לְפָנָיו, כְּעִנְיַן שְׁקִיפָס מֵאֲחוֹרָיו שֶׁאֵין רֹאשׁוֹ בּוֹלֵט מֵאֲחוֹרָיו כְּלָל, וְהוּא מְחֻסָּר, שֶׁדּוֹמֶה כְּמִי שֶׁנֶּחְתַּךְ מִמֶּנּוּ חֲתִיכָה מֵאֲחוֹרָיו. וּלְשׁוֹן שְׁקִיפָס, שְׁקֹל פִּיסָא [סַנְהֶדְרִין סד:], שֶׁנִּטְּלָה מִמֶּנּוּ חֲתִיכָה. וּבַתּוֹסֶפְתָּא מוֹנֶה גַּם כֵּן צַוָּאר שָׁקוּעַ, שֶׁרֹאשׁוֹ מֻטָּל בֵּין כְּתֵפָיו וְדוֹמֶה כְמִי שֶׁאֵין לוֹ צַוָּאר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ושראשו שקוט (whose head is abruptly bent, angular; forehead receding abruptly – see Talmud Bekhorot 43b) – This is our reading. There are those who explain that his head protrudes greatly, and extends outward towards his face. But there are those who explain that it does not protrude at all in front of him, like the matter that it leaps from behind him, that his head does not protrude from behind him at all, and that he is lacking, that it is similar to one that a piece of him is severed from behind him. But the language of שקיפס, is that of a lump of brittle stone that was thrown at it (an idolatrous statue) [see Sanhedrin 64a), that a piece from him was taken. And in the Tosefta it counts also a sunken neck/צואר שקוע, that his head is placed between his shoulders and it is similar to one who has no neck.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:1:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:1:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:1:6)

**וּבַעֲלֵי הַחֲטוֹטֶרֶת רַבִּי יְהוּדָה מַכְשִׁיר.** כְּשֶׁיֵּשׁ עֶצֶם בַּחֲטוֹטֶרֶת כֻּלֵּי עָלְמָא לֹא פְלִיגֵי דַהֲוָה מוּם. כִּי פְלִיגֵי בְּשֶׁאֵין בָּהּ עֶצֶם. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה סָבַר חֲתִיכַת בָּשָׂר בְּעָלְמָא הִיא, וְרַבָּנָן סָבְרֵי אָמַר קְרָא (ויקרא כא) כָּל אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר בּוֹ מוּם מִזֶּרַע אַהֲרֹן, הַשָּׁוֶה בְזַרְעוֹ שֶׁל אַהֲרֹן יַעֲבֹד, וְשֶׁאֵינוֹ שָׁוֶה בְזַרְעוֹ שֶׁל אַהֲרֹן לֹא יַעֲבֹד. וַהֲלָכָה כַּחֲכָמִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ובעלי החטוטרת ר' יהודה מכשיר – that when he has a bone in the hump/hunch, everyone does not dispute that it is a blemish. But they dispute, when it doesn’t have a bone. Rabbi Yehuda holds that it is a mere piece of flesh, but the Rabbis hold, as Scripture States (Leviticus 21:21): “No man among the offspring of Aaron the priest who has a defect [shall be qualified to offer the LORD’s gift],” those who are fit within the seed of Aaron shall serve, but he who is not fit among the seed of Aaron shall not serve. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:2:1)

**וְאִם יֶשׁ לוֹ הֲרֵי זֶה כָשֵׁר.** וְהוּא שֶׁתִּהְיֶה שִׁטַּת הַשֵּׂעָר הַמַּקֶּפֶת מֵאֹזֶן לְאֹזֶן מֵאֲחוֹרָיו, וְלֹא לְפָנָיו. דִּטְפֵי הָוֵי נוֹי כְּשֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ לַאֲחוֹרָיו וְלֹא לְפָנָיו יוֹתֵר מִכְּשֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ סְבִיב כָּל הָרֹאשׁ וּבָאֶמְצַע קֵרֵחַ. וְכָל שֶׁכֵּן דְּיֵשׁ לוֹ לְפָנָיו וְלֹא לַאֲחוֹרָיו דְּפָסוּל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואם יש לו הרי זה כשר – and he that should have a row of hair that surrounds from ear to ear from behind him, but not from in front of him. For it is of greater beauty when he has it from behind him but not in front of him more than when he has it (i.e., hair) around all of the head and in the middle it is bald. And all the more so, when he has it (i.e., hair) in front of him, but not behind him, that he is disqualified.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:2:2)

**גְּבִינִים.** גַּבּוֹת הָעַיִן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
גבינים – eye-brows.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:2:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:2:3)

**שֶׁגְּבִינָיו שׁוֹכְבִים.** שֶׁשַּׂעֲרוֹת גְּבִינָיו אֲרֻכִּים וּמֻטָּלִים עַל עֵינָיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שגביניו שוכבים – that the hair of his eye-brows is long and hanging down over his eyes.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:2:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:2:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:2:4)

**מִי שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ שְׁנֵי גַבִּים וּשְׁתֵּי שִׁדְרָאוֹת.** לֹא שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ שְׁנֵי גַּבִּים מַמָּשׁ, דְּהַהוּא לֹא חָיֵי. אֶלָּא כְגוֹן שֶׁשִּׁדְרָתוֹ עֲקֻמָּה וּמֵחֲזֵי כְגַבִּין וְשִׁדְרָאוֹת הַרְבֵּה. וְכֻלֵּי עָלְמָא מוֹדוּ דְּכָל הָנֵי מוּמֵי דַּחֲשִׁיבֵי הָנֵי תַּנָּאֵי הָוֵי מוּם, וּמַשְׁמָעוּת דּוֹרְשִׁים בִּלְבַד אִיכָּא בֵּינַיְהוּ, דְּכָל חַד סָבַר שֶׁהַמּוּם שֶׁהוּא מוֹנֶה הוּא גִּבֵּן הָאָמוּר בַּתּוֹרָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מי שיש לו שני גבים ושתי שדראות – not that he actually has two backs, for that [person] does not exist. But, as for example, that his backbone is curved and appears like many backs and backbones. And everyone admits that these blemishes that are considered by these Tannaim/teachers are blemishes, and only the implication of their expounding is what is differs between each of them, for each one holds that the blemish that he counts is the גבן /hump-backed (or one having defective eye brows) that is the "גבן" of the Torah (i.e., Leviticus 21:20: “or one who is a hunchback, [or a dwarf, or has a growth in his eye, or who has a boil-scar, or scurvy , or crushed testes].”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:3:1)

**הַכּוֹחֵל שְׁתֵּי עֵינָיו כְּאֶחָת.** שֶׁחָטְמוֹ שֶׁבֵּין עֵינָיו שָׁקוּעַ וְאֵינוֹ בּוֹלֵט כְּלָל, עַד שֶׁכְּשֶׁהוּא בָּא לְהַעֲבִיר מִכְחוֹל בְּעֵינָיו יָכוֹל לִמְשֹׁךְ הַמִּכְחוֹל בֵּין עַיִן לְעַיִן וְאֵין הַחֹטֶם מְעַכְּבוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כוחל שתי עיניו כאחת (he who paints his two eyes in one movement) – that his nose that is between his eyes is sunk and it does not protrude at all, until when he comes to remove the staff used for painting the eye, he is able to stretch the staff used for painting the eye between each eye, but the nose does not prevent it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:3:2)

**שְׁתֵּי עֵינָיו לְמַעְלָה.** בְּגֹבַהּ הַמֵּצַח שֶׁלֹּא כִשְׁאָר בְּנֵי אָדָם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שתי עיניו למעלה – at the height of the forehead which is not like the rest of people.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:3:3)

**וּשְׁתֵּי עֵינָיו לְמַטָּה.** מִן הַמָּקוֹם שֶׁנְּהוּגִים לִהְיוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ושתי עיניו למטה – from the place where they are accustomed to be.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:3:4)

**עֵינוֹ אַחַת לְמַעְלָה.** מִן הַמָּקוֹם הַנָּהוּג:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
עינו אחת למעלה – from the customary place.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:3:5)

**וְעֵינוֹ אַחַת לְמַטָּה.** מִן הַמָּקוֹם הַנָּהוּג:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואינו אחת למטה – from the customary place.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:3:6)

**רוֹאֶה אֶת הַחֶדֶר וְאֶת הָעֲלִיָּה כְאֶחָת.** שֶׁעֵינָיו עוֹמְדוֹת בִּמְקוֹמָן הָרָאוּי אֲבָל עֵינוֹ אַחַת רוֹאָה לְמַעְלָה וְעֵינוֹ אַחַת לְמַטָּה, חֶדֶר לְמַטָּה וַעֲלִיָּה לְמַעְלָה. וְכָל מִי שֶׁהוּא מְעֻוַּת הָרְאוּת עוֹשֶׂה כֵן, שֶׁמְּדַבֵּר עִם חֲבֵרוֹ וְנִרְאֶה כְאִלּוּ מַבִּיט בִּפְנֵי אָדָם אַחֵר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רואה את החדר ואת העליה כאחת – that his eyes stand in their appropriate place, but one of his eyes sees above and his other eye sees below, the room below and the attic above, and anyone who sees crooked that he is speaking with his fellow and it appears as if he is looking into the face of another person.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:3:7)

**סָכֵי שֶׁמֶשׁ.** כְּשֶׁרוֹצֶה לְהַבִּיט אֶל הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ מְעַמֵּץ עֵינָיו וְסוֹגֵר עַפְעַפָּיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
סכי שמש (squinting, cross-eyed) – that when he wants to look into the sun, he closes his eyes and closes his eyelids (see also Talmud Bekhorot 44a, where Rabbi Yose changes it to read – סני שמש/who hates the sun, blinkard).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:3:8)

**זוּגְדוֹס.** זוּג שְׁנַיִם. דּוֹס בִּלְשׁוֹן רוֹמִי שְׁנַיִם. כְּלוֹמַר, הַזּוּג שֶׁל עֵינַיִם אוֹ שֶׁל גְּבִינֵי הָעַיִן שֶׁדַּרְכָּם לִהְיוֹת שָׁוִין חָלוּק לִשְׁנֵי עִנְיָנִים. כְּגוֹן עֵינוֹ אַחַת שְׁחֹרָה וְאַחַת כְּעֵין הַתְּכֵלֶת. בְּאַחַת מִגַּבּוֹת עֵינָיו שֵׂעָר מְרֻבֶּה וּבְאַחַת מְעַט. וְכֵן בְּכָל שְׁאָר זוּגוֹת שֶׁל אֵבָרִים כָּל זוּגָא דְּלֹא שָׁווּ לַהֲדָדֵי, זַגְדוֹס קָרֵי לֵיהּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
זגדוס (unmatched; one with an unequal pair of eyes or eye-brows) – a זוג /pair is two; דוס in the Roman language is two. Meaning to say, the pair of eyes or the eyelids of the eyes which are customarily equivalent are divided into two matters. As for example, his one eye is black and the other is a kind of tekelet/blue-green. In one of his eye brows there is a lot of hair and in the other, a little. And similarly, in all of the other pairs of limbs, each pair is not similar to each other. He is called a זגדוס.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:3:9)

**צִירָן.** שֶׁעֵינָיו זוֹלְגוֹת, דּוֹלְפוֹת וְיוֹרְדוֹת תָּמִיד דִּמְעָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
צירן (one whose eyes discharge a briny liquid, bleary-eyed) – whose eyes flow with tears, dripping or always running (see Talmud Bekhorot 44a).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:10
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:3:10)

**שֶׁנָּשְׁרוּ רִיסֵי עֵינָיו.** שֶׁנָּפַל שֵׂעָר שֶׁבְּעַפְעַפָּיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שנשרו ריסי עיניו – that the hair fell from his eye-lashes.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:11
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:3:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:3:11)

**מִפְּנֵי מַרְאִית הָעָיִן.** אֲבָל מוּם גָּמוּר לֹא הָוֵי. וְהָנֵי מִלֵּי כְּשֶׁנִּשְׁאַר בָּעַפְעַפַּיִם רֹשֶׁם שֵׂעָר, אֲבָל אִם לֹא נִשְׁאַר רֹשֶׁם לַשֵּׂעָר כָּל עִקָּר, הֲרֵי זֶה מוּם גָּמוּר. וְכֵן אִי נְפִישֵׁי שְׂעָרֵי בְּרִיסֵי הָעַיִן, הָוֵי מוּם גָּמוּר. וּשְׁלֹשָׁה דִינִים חֲלוּקִים יֵשׁ בְּמוּמֵי אָדָם. הַמּוּמִין הַשָּׁוִין בָּאָדָם וּבַבְּהֵמָה, כֹּהֵן שֶׁעָבַר וְעָבַד בָּהֶן לוֹקֶה וַעֲבוֹדָתוֹ מְחֻלֶּלֶת. וְהַמּוּמִין הַיְתֵרִים בָּאָדָם וְאֵינָן בַּבְּהֵמָה, לוֹקֶה אִם עָבַד וְאֵין עֲבוֹדָתוֹ מְחֻלֶּלֶת. וְהַמּוּמִין שֶׁהֵן מִפְּנֵי מַרְאִית הָעַיִן, אִם עָבַר וְעָבַד אֵינוֹ לוֹקֶה, וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר שֶׁאֵין עֲבוֹדָתוֹ מְחֻלֶּלֶת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מפני מראית העין – but it is not a complete blemish. And these words [apply] when there remains in his eyelashes a trace of hair, but if there doesn’t remain even the slightest trace of hair, behold it is a complete blemish. And similarly, if there is a lot of hair in the eye-lid with eye-lashes it is a complete blemish. But there are three laws allotted in the blemishes of a human being. There are equivalent blemishes in man and beasts, a Kohen who transgressed and served with them is flogged and his Divine service is profaned. But the additional blemishes in a person that are not found in animals, a he is flogged but if he served, his Divine service is not profaned. But the blemishes which are on account of being repulsive to look at (i.e, appearance’s sake) if he transgressed and served [in the Temple], he is not flogged, and there is no need to state that his Divine service is profaned.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:4:1)

**גּוּפוֹ גָדוֹל מֵאֵבָרָיו.** שִׁעוּר גּוּפוֹ גָּדוֹל מִן הָרָאוּי לְפִי שִׁעוּר שְׁאָר אֵבָרָיו כְּגוֹן יָדָיו וְרַגְלָיו וְשׁוֹקָיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
גופו גדול מיבריו – the measurement of his body is larger than appropriate according to the measurement of the remainder of his limbs, as for example, his hands, and his feet and his legs.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:4:2)

**חָטְמוֹ גָדוֹל.** שִׁעוּר הַחֹטֶם כְּשִׁעוּר אֶצְבַּע קְטַנָּה שֶׁל יָדוֹ. וְאִם הָיָה אָרֹךְ מִכֵּן אוֹ קָצָר מִכֵּן, הֲרֵי זֶה מוּם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חוטמו גדול – the measurement of his nose is like the measurement of a small finger of his hand. But if it was long than this or shorter than this, it is a blemish.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:4:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:4:3)

**דּוֹמוֹת לִסְפוֹג.** שֶׁכְּוֻּצוֹת וּסְתוּמוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
דומות לספוג – shrunk and closed up.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:5:1)

**דַּדָּיו שׁוֹכְבִים.** גְּדוֹלִים עַד שֶׁנִּרְאִים שׁוֹכְבִים כְּדַדֵּי אִשָּׁה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
דדיו שוכבים – large [breasts] until they appear as if they lie like the breasts of a woman.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:5:2)

**נִכְפֶּה.** נוֹפֵל מֵחֲמַת חֹלִי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
נכפה – it falls on account of illness (i.e., epilepsy).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:5:3)

**אֲפִלּוּ אַחַת לְיָמִים.** שֶׁאֵינוֹ נוֹפֵל תָּדִיר אֶלָּא פַּעַם אַחַת לִזְמַן מְרֻבֶּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אפילו אחת לימים – that it doesn’t regularly fall, but rather one time in a long while.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:5:4)

**רוּחַ קַצְרִית.** שֶׁרוּחוֹ קְצָרָה מֵחֲמַת [מָרָה] הַשְּׁחֹרָה הַגּוֹבֶרֶת עָלָיו לִפְרָקִים וְנִשְׁאַר בְּלֹא הֶרְגֵּשׁ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רוח קצרית (a person subjected to asthmatic spells) – that his breath is short on account of black [gall/bile] that overcomes him periodically, and he remains without any sensation.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:5:5)

**הַמְאֻשְׁכָּן.** שֶׁכִּיס שֶׁל בֵּיצִים שֶׁלּוֹ אָרֹךְ עַד שֶׁמַּגִּיעַ לָאַרְכּוּבָה. בֵּין שֶׁהוּא נָפוּחַ מֵחֲמַת רוּחַ אוֹ מֵחֲמַת לֵחָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
המאושכן (one having large testicles – see Talmud Bekhorot 44b) – that the sack of his testicles is long until it reaches the leg from under the hip-bone to the ankle, whether it is swollen on account of wind or on account of moisture.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:5:6)

**וּבַעַל גֶּבֶר.** בַּעַל אֵבָר. שֶׁנִּתְאָרֵךְ הַגִּיד שֶׁלּוֹ וְנַעֲשָׂה גָּדוֹל עַד שֶׁמַּגִּיעַ לְאַרְכֻּבּוֹתָיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ובעל גבר – membrum genitale (i.e., the penis). That his membrum virile became long and became large until it reached the leg from under the hip-bone to the ankle.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:5:7)

**שֶׁנִּמְרְחוּ אֲשָׁכָיו.** שֶׁנִּמּוֹחוּ בֵּיצָיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שנמרחו אשכיו- that his testicles became crushed.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:5:8)

**שֶׁרוּחַ בַּאֲשָׁכָיו.** וְעַל יְדֵי כֵּן בֵּיצָיו נְפוּחִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שרוח באשכיו – and through this, his testicles are swollen/blown up.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:5:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:5:9)

**שֶׁמַּרְאָיו חֲשׁוּכִין.** שֶׁהוּא שָׁחֹר. וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינוֹ שָׁחֹר כְּכוּשִׁי. וּלְשׁוֹן מְרוֹחַ אָשֶׁךְ, מַרְאֶה חֹשֶׁךְ. וְלָאו בְּבֵיצִים מִשְׁתַּעֵי קְרָא. וּבְעִקַּר הַדִּין לֹא פְלִיגֵי, שֶׁכָּל אֶחָד מֵהֶם מוֹדֶה בְּמוּם שֶׁמּוֹנֶה חֲבֵרוֹ דַּהֲוֵי מוּם. וְלֹא נֶחְלְקוּ אֶלָּא בְּפֵרוּשׁוֹ שֶׁל מִקְרָא, וּמַשְׁמָעוּת דּוֹרְשִׁין אִיכָּא בֵּינַיְהוּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שמראיו חשוכין – that it is dark. And even though it is not black like a Cushite. And the language [of the words] "מרוח אשך"/crushed testes (see Leviticus 21:20), its complexion is dark. But Scripture is not referring to the testicles. But in the essence of the law, there is no dispute, for each one of them (i.e., Rabbi Yismael, Rabbi Akiba and Rabbi Hanina ben Antignos) agree that a blemish that his fellow counts is a blemish. But they did not disagree other than in the explanation of Scripture, and the homiletical implications divide them.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:1)

**הַמַּקִּישׁ בְּקַרְסֻלָּיו.** שֶׁאַרְכֻּבּוֹתָיו עֲקֻמּוֹת לַחוּץ וְקַרְסֻלָּיו לִפְנִים וְנוֹקְשִׁים זֶה בָּזֶה כְּשֶׁהוּא מְהַלֵּךְ. וּמַקִּישׁ בְּאַרְכֻּבּוֹתָיו הָוֵי אִפְּכָא, שֶׁרַגְלָיו עֲקֻמִּים כְּלַפֵּי חוּץ וּמְרֻחָקִים זוֹ מִזּוֹ עַד שֶׁאַרְכֻּבּוֹתָיו לְמַעְלָה [הָעֲקֻמּוֹת] כְּלַפֵּי פְּנִים נוֹקְשׁוֹת זוֹ בְּזוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
המקיש בקרסוליו – that his knees are curved outwardly and his ankles inwardly and they strike against each other when he walks. Or he strikes with his knees -this is the opposite, that his legs are curved towards the outside and they are distanced from each other until that his [curved] knees are above towards the inside, striking each other.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:2)

**בַּעַל הַפִּיקִין וְהָעִקֵּל.** וְקָא פָרִישׁ עִקֵּל בְּרֵישָׁא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בעל הפיקין והעיקל (swellings and bandy-legged) – and he explains עיקל/bandy-legged in the first clause [of the Mishnah].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:3)

**כֹּל שֶׁהוּא מַקִּיף פַּרְסוֹתָיו.** כְּשֶׁיּוֹשֵׁב וּמְקָרֵב פַּרְסוֹת רַגְלָיו זוֹ לָזוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כל שהוא מקיף פרסותיו – when he sits and brings close the soles of his feet one to the other.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:4)

**וְאֵין אַרְכֻּבּוֹתָיו.** נוֹגְעוֹת זוֹ לָזוֹ. שֶׁעֲקֻמּוֹת כְּלַפֵּי חוּץ. וּבַעַל הַפִּיקִין הוּא שֶׁפִּיקָה יוֹצֵא מִגּוּדָלוֹ, חֲתִיכַת בָּשָׂר עֲגֻלָּה כְּפִיקָה יוֹצְאָה מִגּוּדָל שֶׁל יָדוֹ אוֹ מִגּוּדָל שֶׁל רַגְלוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואין ארכובותיו נוגעות זו לזו – that they are curved towards the outside. And someone who has swelling/a lump that the swelling goes out from his great toe, a piece of flesh is round like a swelling/lump goes out from the thumb of his hand or from the great toe of his foot.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:5)

**עֲקֵבוֹ יוֹצֵא מֵאֲחוֹרָיו.** כְּגוֹן שֶׁשּׁוֹקוֹ עוֹמֵד בְּאֶמְצַע רַגְלוֹ, שֶׁחֲצִי הָרֶגֶל לְפָנִים וַחֲצִי רֶגֶל לְאָחוֹר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
עקבו יוצא מאחוריו (his heel juts outward) – as for example, that his foreleg stands in the middle of his foot, that half of his foot is towards the inside and half of his foot is towards the outside/back.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:6)

**רְחָבוֹת כְּשֶׁל אַוָּז.** שֶׁקְּלוּשׁוֹת הֵן כְּשֶׁל אַוָּז וְאֵין אָרְכָּן יוֹתֵר עַל רָחְבָּן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רחבות בשל אווז – they are weekend like that of a goose and their length is not not greater than their width.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:7)

**קְלוּטוֹת.** מְדֻבָּקוֹת זוֹ בָּזוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
קלוטות – attached to each other (i.e., webbed)


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:8)

**עַד הַפֶּרֶק.** הָאֶמְצָעִי שֶׁל אֶצְבָּעוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
עד הפרק – the middle [joint] of the toes.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:9)

**לְמַטָּה מִן הַפֶּרֶק.** דְּהַיְנוּ לְצַד הַצִּפֹּרֶן שֶׁמְּחֻבָּרִים כֻּלָּן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
למטה מן הפרק – that is to say, to the side of the nail that is entirely attached.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:10
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:10)

**וַחֲתָכָהּ.** שֶׁיִּהְיוּ מְחֻלָּקִים, כָּשֵׁר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וחתכן- that they will be separated/divided, it is kosher/appropriate.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:11
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:11)

**הָיְתָה בוֹ יְתֵרָה.** אֶצְבַּע יָתֶרֶת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
היתה בו יתירה – an extra toe.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:12
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:12)

**אִם יֶשׁ בָּהּ עֶצֶם פָּסוּל.** דְּהוֹאִיל וַחֲתָכָהּ הֲרֵי הוּא מְחֻסָּר אֵבָר שֶׁנִּמְצָא בוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אם יש בה עצם פסול – for since he severed it, it is lacing a limb that is found in it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:13
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:13)

**שֵׁשׁ וָשֵׁשׁ עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבַּע.** כְּלוֹמַר אֲפִלּוּ הָיוּ אֶצְבְּעוֹת יָדָיו וְאֶצְבְּעוֹת רַגְלָיו שָׁוִין, שֶׁבְּכָל יָד וּבְכָל רֶגֶל יֵשׁ שֵׁשׁ וָשֵׁשׁ, אֲפִלּוּ הָכִי חֲכָמִים פּוֹסְלִים. וְכָל שֶׁכֵּן אִם הָיָה בְיָדוֹ אַחַת חָמֵשׁ וּבְיָדוֹ אַחַת שֵׁשׁ, דַּהֲוֵי מוּם טְפֵי. וַהֲלָכָה כַּחֲכָמִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שש ושש עשרים וארבע – meaning to say, even if the fingers of his hand and the toes of his foot were equivalent, that on each hand and foot there are six [digits] apiece, even so, the Sages disqualify it. And all the more so if there were on one of its hands five [digits] and in the other hand six [digits], that is an even greater blemish. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:14
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:14)

**הַשּׁוֹלֵט בִּשְׁתֵּי יָדָיו רַבִּי פּוֹסֵל.** דְּסָבַר כְּחִישׁוּתָא אִתְיְלִידָא בֵיהּ בְּיָמִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
השולט בשתי ידיו רבי פוסל – for he holds the weakness that he was born with was in his right hand.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:15
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:15)

**וַחֲכָמִים מַכְשִׁירִין.** סָבְרֵי בְּרִיאוּתָא הִיא דְּאִתְיְלִידָא לֵיהּ בִּשְׂמֹאל. וַהֲלָכָה כַּחֲכָמִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וחכמים מכשירין – they hold that he has (unusual) strength which happened to rest in the left hand (see Talmud Bekhorot 45b). And the Halakha is according to the Sages.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:16
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:16)

**הַכּוּשִׁי.** שָׁחֹר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הכושי – the black [person].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:17
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:17)

**הַגִּיחוֹר.** אָדֹם כְּאַרְגָּמָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הגיחור (red-spotted in the face) – red like a purple garment.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:18
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:18)

**הַלַּבְקָן.** לָבָן בְּיוֹתֵר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הלבקן – extremely white (i.e., albino)


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:19
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:19](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:19)

**וְהַקִּפֵּחַ.** אָרֹךְ וָדַק, שֶׁאֵינוֹ עָב לְפִי אָרְכּוֹ. וְהוּא מְכֹעָר וּמְגֻנֶּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והקפה – long and thin, that is not thick according to its length, and he is ugly and reprehensible.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:20
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:20](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:20)

**וְהַשִּׁכּוֹר.** וְלֹא מִיַּיִן, הוּא דַּחֲשִׁיב כְּבַעַל מוּם מִן הַמּוּמִים הַיְתֵרִים בָּאָדָם, שֶׁאִם עָבַד לוֹקֶה וְאֵין עֲבוֹדָתוֹ מְחֻלֶּלֶת. אֲבָל הַשִּׁכּוֹר מִיַּיִן וְשֵׁכָר, אִם עָבַד חִלֵּל. דִּבְפָרָשַׁת שְׁתוּיֵי יַיִן כְּתִיב (ויקרא י) וּלְהַבְדִּיל בֵּין הַקֹּדֶשׁ וּבֵין הַחֹל. וְשִׁכּוֹר דְּמַתְנִיתִין אֵינוֹ אֶלָּא שֶׁשָּׁתָה חָלָב הַרְבֵּה, אוֹ רֹב דְּבַשׁ, אוֹ אָכַל דְּבֵלָה קַעִילִית, וְנִתְבַּלְבְּלָה דַעְתּוֹ. שֶׁאֵלּוּ חֲשׁוּבִים כְּבַעֲלֵי מוּמִים וְאֵין מְחַלְּלִים עֲבוֹדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והשכור – but not from wine, it is considered like a blemish from the greatest blemishes in a person, for if he performed Divine Service, he is flogged, and his Divine Service is not desecrated. But the drunkard from wine and alcohol, if he served, he has profaned/caused the loss of priestly status. For in the portion of those who drink wine it is written (Leviticus 10:10): “for you must distinguish between the sacred and the profane,” and someone who is drunk of our Mishnah is not one other than having drunk a great deal of wine or much honey, or that ate cakes of twisted pressed figs, and his mind became confused. These are considered like having blemishes and they do not profane the Divine Service.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:21
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:21](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:21)

**וּבַעֲלֵי נְגָעִים טְהוֹרִים.** כְּגוֹן בֹּהַק וְכֻלּוֹ הָפַךְ לָבָן. דְּאִי מִנְּגָעִים טְמֵאִים לֹא צָרִיךְ לְמֵימַר, דַּאֲפִלּוּ אַכְּנִיסַת עֲזָרָה חַיָּב כָּרֵת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ובעלי נגעים טהורים – as for example (Leviticus 13:39): “it is a tetter broken out on the skin” or (Leviticus 13:13): “for he has turned all white.” For if it was from impure Negaim/plagues (or suspected leprosy), it is not necessary to state it, for even with his entrance into the temple courtyard, he is liable for extirpation.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:22
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:6:22](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:6:22)

**דִּלְדּוּלִין.** כְּמִין חֲתִיכוֹת בָּשָׂר יוֹצְאוֹת תְּלוּיוֹת בָּהֶן. וַהֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
דלדוליו (persons or animals afflicted with large warts) – like pieces of flesh that come out and suspend in them. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Eliezer ben Yaakov.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:7:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:7:1)

**אוֹתוֹ וְאֶת בְּנוֹ.** אָב וּבְנוֹ כֹהֵן עוֹבְדִים עֲבוֹדָה בְּיוֹם אֶחָד וּבִזְמַן אֶחָד. וְאֵין אוֹתוֹ וְאֶת בְּנוֹ בַּבְּהֵמָה קְרֵבִין בְּיוֹם אֶחָד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אותו ואת בנו – a father and son who are Kohanim perform Temple service on the same day and at the same time. But the progenitor and his offspring of animals are not offered up on the same day (see Tractate Hullin, Chapter 5, Mishnah 1).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:7:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:7:2)

**וּטְרֵפָה.** שֶׁנּוֹלַד בָּהּ אֶחָד מִסִּימָנֵי טְרֵפוֹת הַמְּנוּיִין בְּפֶרֶק אֵלּוּ טְרֵפוֹת, אֵינָהּ קְרֵבָה עַל גַּבֵּי הַמִּזְבֵּחַ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וטריפה – that was born with one of the signs of a (fatal) organic disease -which are delineated in the chapter [three – Tractate Hullin] “These are the Treifah carcasses” (see Mishnah 1 – regarding cattle, and Mishnah 3 among fowl), which is not offered on the Altar.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:7:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:7:3)

**וְיוֹצֵא דֹפֶן.** שֶׁקָּרְעוּ אֶת אִמּוֹ וְהוֹצִיאוּהוּ חַי. בַּבְּהֵמָה, פְּסוּלָה לְהַקְרָבָה, דְּכִי יֻלַּד כְּתִיב, פְּרָט לְיוֹצֵא דֹפֶן. וּבְכֹהֵן הַמַּקְרִיב לֹא מִפְּסִיל בְּהָכִי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ויוצא דופן – that they tore open its mother and removed it while living. With an animal, it is disqualified from being offered, for it is written (Leviticus 22:26): “[When an ox or a sheep or a goat] is born, [it shall stay seven days with its mother, and from the eighth day on it shall be acceptable as an offering by fire to the LORD],” excluding that which is born from the side (i.e., Caesarean birth). But with a Kohen who offers [having been born by Caesarean section], he is not disqualified though this.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:7:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:7:4)

**הַנּוֹשֵׂא נָשִׁים בַּעֲבֵרָה.** כֹּהֵן שֶׁנָּשָׂא גְּרוּשָׁה וַחֲלָלָה זוֹנָה, נוֹדֵר וְעוֹבֵד. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁעֲדַיִן לֹא גֵרֵשׁ מֻתָּר לַעֲבֹד אַחַר שֶׁנָּדַר שֶׁלֹּא יֵהָנֶה הוּא מִמֶּנָּה וְהִיא מִמֶּנּוּ עַד שֶׁיְּגָרֵשׁ. וְהוּא שֶׁיִּדֹּר עַל דַּעַת רַבִּים שֶׁאֵין לוֹ הַתָּרָה אֶלָּא לִדְבַר מִצְוָה. וְלֵיכָּא לְמֵיחַשׁ שֶׁמָּא יֵלֵךְ אֵצֶל חָכָם וְיֹאמַר דִּלְצֹרֶךְ דְּבַר מִצְוָה הוּא שׁוֹאֵל שֶׁיַּתִּירוּ לוֹ אֶת נִדְרוֹ, דְּכֵיוָן דְּקַיְמָא לָן שֶׁהַבָּא לְהַתִּיר נִדְרוֹ צָרִיךְ לְפָרֵשׁ עַל מַה נָּדַר, וַדַּאי כִּי שָׁמַע חָכָם דְּמִשּׁוּם שֶׁהִיא גְרוּשָׁה אוֹ זוֹנָה דַּאֲסוּרָה לוֹ נָדַר לֹא שָׁרֵי לֵיהּ נִדְרוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הנושא נשים בעבירה – a Kohen who married a divorcee or the female’s issue of a priest’s illegitimate connection/ a priest’s wife illegitimately married to him or a prostitute unfit to marry a priest, he takes a vow and serves [in the Temple]. Even though he has not yet divorced [her], he is permitted to serve after he vowed that he will not benefit from her and she will not benefit from him until he divorces [her]. And he shall take the vow with the knowledge of the community which has no releasing [of the vow] other than for the performance of a Mitzvah. And we should not suspect lest he will go to a Sage and state that for the need of a particular Mitzvah, he asks of him that he should release him from his vow, for since we hold that a person who goes to release his vow must explain upon what he has taken a vow, certainly when the Sage heard that it was because she is a divorcee or a prostitute, that she is forbidden to him through a vow, he will not permit his vow.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:7:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot 7:7:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Bekhorot/r/7:7:5)

**עַד שֶׁיְּקַבֵּל עָלָיו שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא מִטַּמֵּא לְמֵתִים.** הָכָא סַגִּי לֵיהּ בְּקַבָּלָה, וְלֹא מַדְּרִינַן לֵיהּ כְּמוֹ גַבֵּי נוֹשֵׂא נָשִׁים בַּעֲבֵרָה. מִשּׁוּם דְּהָתָם יִצְרוֹ תוֹקְפוֹ, הָכָא גַבֵּי טֻמְאָה אֵין יִצְרוֹ תוֹקְפוֹ, הִלְכָּךְ בְּקַבָּלָה גְרֵידָא סַגִּי לֵיהּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
עד שיקבל עליו שלא יהא מיטמא למתים - here it is enough for him with acceptance, for we don’t force him to take a vow [of deriving benefit] like concerning the sinful marrying of [forbidden] women, because there, his [evil] inclination overpowers him, [whereas] here, regarding [corpse] defilement, his [evil] inclination does not overpower him. Therefore, with mere acceptance, it is sufficient for him.