## Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot Chapter 1

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:1:1)

**מֵאֵימָתַי קוֹרִין**. מִשָּׁעָה שֶׁהַכֹּהֲנִים נִכְנָסִין לֶאֱכֹל בִּתְרוּמָתָן. כֹּהֲנִים שֶׁנִּטְמְאוּ וְטָבְלוּ, אֵין יְכוֹלִים לֶאֱכֹל בִּתְרוּמָה עַד שֶׁיַּעֲרִיב שִׁמְשָׁן, דְּהַיְנוּ צֵאת הַכּוֹכָבִים. וְהָא דְּלֹא תָנֵי מִשְּׁעַת צֵאת הַכּוֹכָבִים, מִלְּתָא אַגַּב אוֹרְחֵיהּ קָא מַשְׁמָע לָן, שֶׁאִם נִטְמְאוּ הַכֹּהֲנִים בְּטֻמְאָה שֶׁטָּהֳרָתָן תְּלוּיָה בְּקָרְבָּן כְּגוֹן זָב וּמְצֹרָע, אֵין הַכַּפָּרָה מְעַכַּבְתָּן מִלֶּאֱכֹל בִּתְרוּמָה, דִּכְתִיב (ויקרא כב) וּבָא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ וְטָהֵר וְאַחַר יֹאכַל מִן הַקָּדָשִׁים, בִּיאַת שִׁמְשׁוֹ מְעַכַּבְתּוֹ מִלֶּאֱכֹל בִּתְרוּמָה, וְאֵין כַּפָּרָתוֹ מְעַכַּבְתּוֹ מִלֶּאֱכֹל בִּתְרוּמָה וְכוּ'‏:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מאימתי קורין את שמעו בערבית? משעה שהכהנים נכנסים לאכול בתרומתן – Kohanim (Priests) who became defiled and immersed [in the Mikveh/Ritual Bath] are not able to eat of the Terumah/heave offering (2% of a yield that a person initially tithes for a Kohen), until after sunset, which is, (at the time) when the stars appear. And the fact the Mishnah does not teach, “from the time when the stars appear” is an incidental matter, which comes to tell us, that if Kohanim were defiled with an uncleanness whose purification is dependent upon [the offering of] a sacrifice, such as one afflicted with gonorrhea or leprosy – their [form of] atonement does not prevent them from eating the heave offering, as it written (Leviticus 22:7): “As soon as the sun sets, he shall be pure; and afterward he may eat of the sacred donations [for they are his food].” The setting of the sun prevents him from his eating the heave offering, but his atonement [sacrifice] does not prevent him from eating his heave offering.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:1:2)

**עַד סוֹף הָאַשְׁמוּרָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה.** שְׁלִישׁ הָרִאשׁוֹן שֶׁל לַיְלָה, שֶׁהַלַּיְלָה נֶחְלָק לְשָׁלֹשׁ מִשְׁמָרוֹת. וּמִשָּׁם וְאֵילָךְ לֹא מִקְרֵי תוּ זְמַן קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע דִּשְׁכִיבָה, וְלֹא קָרֵינָא בֵיהּ בְּשָׁכְבְּךָ. וּמִקַּמֵּי צֵאת הַכּוֹכָבִים נַמִּי יְמָמָא הוּא וְלָאו זְמַן שְׁכִיבָה. וְהַמַּקְדִּימִים וְקוֹרִים קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע שֶׁל עַרְבִית מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם, סוֹמְכִים אַהָא דְרַבִּי יְהוּדָה דְּאָמַר לְקַמָּן בְּפֶרֶק תְּפִלַּת הַשַּׁחַר, תְּפִלַּת הַמִּנְחָה עַד פְּלַג הַמִּנְחָה, שֶׁהוּא שָׁעָה וּרְבִיעַ קֹדֶם הַלַּיְלָה. וְקַיְמָא לָן דְּעָבַד כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה עָבַד. וּמִיָּד כְּשֶׁכָּלָה זְמַן הַמִּנְחָה מַתְחִיל זְמַן קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע שֶׁל עַרְבִית:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
עד סוף האשמורה הראשונה – The first third of the night (is the end of the first “watch”), as the night is divided into three watches, and from then onwards is no longer called the time [for the] Recitation of the Shema (Deuteronomy 6:4-9; 11:13-21; Numbers 15:37-41) when lying down, and we do not refer to it as “when you lie down” (Deuteronomy 6:7), and prior to the stars coming out (literally, “going out”), it is also considered daytime and not the time of lying down. And those who recite Evening Shema early while it is still day, rely upon that [opinion] of Rabbi Yehuda who said further on in Chapter “Tefillat HaShahar”/The Morning Prayer/Amidah (Chapter 4 of Berakhot, Mishnah 1), that the Afternoon prayer is recited until “Plag HaMinhah”/the middle of the afternoon (the half-way point between the time when the Tamid/Daily Sacrifice was offered – 3:30 pm and 6:00 pm when the time of sunset arrives at the Vernal and Autumnal Equinoxes), which is an hour and a quarter prior to the night time. And we establish (literally, “hold”), that he followed [the opinion of] Rabbi Yehudah, and immediately when the time for Minhah ends, the time for the Evening Recitation of the Shema begins.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:1:3)

**עַד שֶׁיַּעֲלֶה עַמּוּד הַשָּׁחַר.** דְּכָל הַלַּיְלָה מִקְרֵי זְמַן שְׁכִיבָה. וַהֲלָכָה כְּרַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל, שֶׁגַּם חֲכָמִים מוֹדִים לוֹ, וְלֹא אָמְרוּ עַד חֲצוֹת אֶלָּא כְּדֵי לְהַרְחִיק אֶת הָאָדָם מִן הָעֲבֵרָה. וּמִיהוּ לְכַתְּחִלָּה מִשֶּׁהִגִּיעַ עוֹנַת קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע שֶׁל עַרְבִית דְּמַתְנִיתִין דְּהַיְנוּ מִצֵּאת הַכּוֹכָבִים, אָסוּר לִסְעֹד וְכָל שֶׁכֵּן לִישֹׁן, עַד שֶׁיִּקְרָא קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע וְיִתְפַּלֵּל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
עד שיעלה עמוד השחר – Since all night long is called the time for lying down, and the Halakha/law follows [the opinion of] Rabban Gamaliel since the Sages also agree with him, and they [the Sages] did not say, “Until Midnight” (for the recitation of the Evening Shema) other than to distance a person from [the possibility of committing a] sin. However, ab initio, when the time for the recitation of the Evening Shema of our Mishnah arrives, that is, from the time that the stars come out, it is forbidden to eat, and all the more so, to lie down until he recites and the Shema and recites the [Amidah] prayer.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:1:4)

**מַעֲשֶׂה שֶׁבָּאוּ בָנָיו מִבֵּית הַמִּשְׁתֶּה.** בְּנֵי רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל שָׁמְעִינְהוּ לְרַבָּנָן דְּאָמְרֵי עַד חֲצוֹת, וְהָכִי קָאָמְרֵי לֵיהּ, הָא דִפְלִיגֵי רַבָּנָן עֲלָךְ, דַּוְקָא קָאָמְרֵי עַד חֲצוֹת וְתוּ לֹא, וְיָחִיד וְרַבִּים הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּים, אוֹ דִּלְמָא רַבָּנָן כְּוָתָךְ סְבִירָא לְהוּ, וְהַאי דְקָאָמְרֵי עַד חֲצוֹת, כְּדֵי לְהַרְחִיק אֶת הָאָדָם מִן הָעֲבֵרָה. וְאָמַר לְהוּ, רַבָּנָן כְּוָתִי סְבִירָא לְהוּ, וְהַאי דְקָאָמְרֵי עַד חֲצוֹת כְּדֵי לְהַרְחִיק אֶת הָאָדָם מִן הָעֲבֵרָה, וְחַיָּבִים אַתֶּם לִקְרוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מעשה שבאו בניו מבית המשתה – The sons of Rabban Gamaliel followed the teaching of the Rabbis (regarding the ending time to recite the Evening Shema) who said, “until midnight,” and this is what they said to him: That when the Rabbis are in dispute with you, especially when they say, “until midnight” and not any longer, and [when there is a dispute between] and individual and a majority [view], the law follows the majority [view] (see Mishnah Eduyot, Chapter 1, Mishnah 5) or perhaps (alternatively), The Rabbis [hold] like you thinking and that which states, “until midnight, in order to distance a person from committing a sin,” and he (Rabban Gamaliel) said to the Rabbis that they hold like him, and that which [the Mishnah] states “until Midnight” in order to distance a person from [committing] a sin and you are required to recite the Shema [now].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:1:5)

**וְלֹא זוֹ בִּלְבָד.** כֻּלָּהּ מִלְּתָא דְרַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל הִיא דְּאָמַר לְבָנָיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ולא זו בלבד– It is entirely the words of Rabban Gamaliel which he said to his sons.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:1:6)

**הֶקְטֵר חֲלָבִים.** שֶׁל קָרְבָּנוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הקטר חלבים – of the Temple sacrifices.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:1:7)

**וְאֵבָרִים.** שֶׁל עוֹלַת תָּמִיד שֶׁל בֵּין הָעַרְבַּיִם שֶׁנִּזְרַק דָּמוֹ בַּיּוֹם, מִצְוָה לְהַעֲלוֹת הַנְּתָחִים כָּל הַלַּיְלָה, דִּכְתִיב (ויקרא ו) הִיא הָעוֹלָה עַל מוֹקְדָהּ עַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ כָּל הַלַּיְלָה עַד הַבֹּקֶר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואברים – [the limbs of] the burnt offering sacrifice offered daily at even-time in which its blood is cast on the day he is commanded to offer up the pieces all night long, as it written (Leviticus 6:2): “The burnt offering itself shall remain where it is burned upon the altar all night [until morning]…”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:1:8)

**וְכָל הַנֶּאֱכָלִין לְיוֹם אֶחָד.** כְּגוֹן תּוֹדָה וְחַטָּאת וְאָשָׁם וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָהֶם שֶׁהֵם נֶאֱכָלִים לְיוֹם וָלַיְלָה, זְמַן אֲכִילָתָן עַד שֶׁיַּעֲלֶה עַמּוּד הַשַּׁחַר, וְהוּא הַמֵּבִיא לִידֵי נוֹתָר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וכל הנאכלים ליום אחד – such as the thanksgiving offering, and the sin offering and the guilt offering and others like them, which are eaten in the daytime, but the nighttime is when they are eaten until the crack of dawn and he is the one who brings remnants [of the sacrifices left over beyond the legal time and bound to be burnt].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:1:9)

**אִם כֵּן לָמָּה אָמְרוּ חֲכָמִים עַד חֲצוֹת.** בִּקְרִיאַת שְׁמַע וּבַאֲכִילַת קָדָשִׁים, אֲבָל בְּהֶקְטֵר חֲלָבִים וְאֵבָרִים לֹא אָמְרוּ בוֹ חֲכָמִים עַד חֲצוֹת כְּלָל, וְלֹא נָקַט לֵיהּ הָכָא אֶלָּא לְהוֹדִיעַ שֶׁכָּל דָּבָר שֶׁמִּצְוָתוֹ בַּלַּיְלָה כָּשֵׁר כָּל הַלַּיְלָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אם כן למה אמרו חכמים עד חצות – Regarding the Recitation of the [Evening] Shema and the eating of the Holy Things, but concerning the burning of the fats and limbs on the altar, the Sages did not say regarding it “until midnight” at all and [the Mishnah] did not hold this tradition other than to inform [us] that any Mitzvah which is to be performed at night is appropriate to be performed all night long (see Mishnah Megillah, Chapter 2, Mishnah 6).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:10
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:1:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:1:10)

**כְּדֵי לְהַרְחִיק אֶת הָאָדָם מִן הָעֲבֵרָה.** שֶׁלֹּא יָבֹא לְאָכְלָן אַחַר שֶׁיַּעֲלֶה עַמּוּד הַשַּׁחַר וְיִתְחַיֵּב כָּרֵת, וְכֵן בִּקְרִיאַת שְׁמַע שֶׁלֹּא יֹאמַר עֲדַיִן יֵשׁ לִי שָׁהוּת וְתַעֲבֹר עוֹנָתָהּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כדי להרחיק את האדם מן העבירה – [Concerning the fats and limbs ]that he should not come to eat them after the crack of dawn and be liable for extirpation, and similarly regarding the Recitation of the Shema, that he shouldn’t say, “I still have time” and the time period would pass.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:2:1)

**בֵּין תְּכֵלֶת לְלָבָן.** בֵּין חוּטֵי תְּכֵלֶת לְחוּטֵי לָבָן שֶׁבַּצִּיצִית. פֵּרוּשׁ אַחֵר, גִּיזַת צֶמֶר שֶׁצִּבְעָהּ תְּכֵלֶת וְיֵשׁ בָּהּ מְקוֹמוֹת שֶׁלֹּא נִקְלַט הַצֶּבַע יָפֶה וְנִשְׁאַר לָבָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בין תכלת ללבן – Between the threads of azure and the threads of white in the ritual fringes (of the Tallit. The Torah – Numbers 15:38 – commands that a “cord of blue” be attached to the fringe at each corner; these two colors – blue/azure and white – are sufficiently distinct from each other that one can with relative ease distinguish between people and objects). Another explanation: The sheering of wool whose color is azure/blue and (yet) there are places (in the wool) where the color was not absorbed [properly] and which remained white.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:2:2)

**בֵּין תְּכֵלֶת לְכַרְתִּי.** צֶבַע הַתְּכֵלֶת קָרוֹב לְגָוֶן שֶׁל כַּרְתִּי כְּרִישִׁין שֶׁקּוֹרִין פּוֹרוֹשׁ בְּלַעַ"ז:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בין תכלת לכרתי – The color of the azure/blue is close to/resembles the color “leek-green” which is called “PORUSH” in a foreign language.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:2:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:2:3)

**עַד שָׁלֹשׁ שָׁעוֹת.** בַּיּוֹם, עַד סוֹף שָׁעָה שְׁלִישִׁית שֶׁהוּא רְבִיעַ הַיּוֹם בִּזְמַן שֶׁהַיָּמִים וְהַלֵּילוֹת שָׁוִים. וּלְעוֹלָם זְמַן קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע הוּא עַד רְבִיעַ הַיּוֹם, בֵּין שֶׁהַיָּמִים אֲרֻכִּים בֵּין קְצָרִים. וְכֵן הָא דִתְנַן לְקַמָּן (פרק ד משנה א) תְּפִלַּת הַשַּׁחַר עַד אַרְבַּע שָׁעוֹת בַּיּוֹם, הַיְנוּ עַד שְׁלִישׁ הַיּוֹם, וְאַרְבַּע שָׁעוֹת דְּנָקַט, לְפִי שֶׁשְּׁלִישׁ הַיּוֹם הוּא אַרְבַּע שָׁעוֹת בִּזְמַן שֶׁהַיָּמִים וְהַלֵּילוֹת שָׁוִין. וְכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁנִּזְכַּר בַּמִּשְׁנָה כָּךְ וְכָךְ שָׁעוֹת בַּיּוֹם, עַל דֶּרֶךְ זֶה אַתָּה צָרִיךְ לַחֲשֹׁב וְלָדוּן. זוֹ הֵבַנְתִּי מִפֵּרוּשֵׁי הָרַמְבַּ"ם וְנִתְקַבֵּל לִי. וְטַעֲמָא דְרַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ דְּאָמַר עַד שָׁלֹשׁ שָׁעוֹת בַּיּוֹם, שֶׁכֵּן דֶּרֶךְ בְּנֵי מְלָכִים שֶׁאֵין עוֹמְדִין מִמִּטָּתָן עַד סוֹף שָׁעָה שְׁלִישִׁית. וְרַחֲמָנָא דְאָמַר וּבְקוּמֶךָ, עַד שָׁעָה שֶׁכָּל בְּנֵי אָדָם עוֹמְדִים מִמִּטָּתָן קָאָמַר. וַהֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ, וּמִיהוּ לְכַתְּחִלָּה צָרִיךְ לְכַוֵּן לִקְרוֹת קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע עִם הָנֵץ הַחַמָּה כְּמוֹ שֶׁהָיוּ הַוָּתִיקִים עוֹשִׂים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
עד שלש שעות – In the day until the conclusion of the third hour, which is one-quarter of the day, at the time when [the length of] the days and the nights are equal. And always, the time for the Recitation of the [Morning] Shema is until the [end of the] first quarter of the day, whether the [length of the] days are long or short. And similarly, that which is taught [in the Mishnah] further on [in the fourth chapter of Berakhot, Mishnah 1], Tefillat HaShahar/The Amidah of the Morning Service is [recited] until the fourth hour of the day that is until one-third of the day, and the “four hours” that was used [by the Mishnah] is because it is one-third of the day – four hours at occasion when the [hours of] daylight and the [hours of] night time are equal. And every place in the Mishnah where it is mentioned “such and such hours” in the day – by this manner you must consider and adjudicate. This I understood from the commentaries of Maimonides that I have received. And the reason of Rabbi Yehoshua [ben Hananiah] who said, “until the third hour of the day” (Mishna Berakhot 4:1), is that it was the practice of royalty who did not rise from their beds until the end of the third hour [of the day], for as the All-Merciful One (God) who stated (Deuteronomy 6:7), “and when you get up”, until the time when all people get up from their beds, it is stated. And the Halakha/law is according to Rabbi Yehoshua. However, ab initio, one must have the intention to recite the [Morning] Shema with sunrise like the conscientious pious ones of former days would do.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:2:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:2:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:2:4)

**לֹא הִפְסִיד.** כְּלוֹמַר לֹא הִפְסִיד מִלְּבָרֵךְ לְפָנֶיהָ וּלְאַחֲרֶיהָ, אֶלָּא אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁעָבְרָה עוֹנָתָהּ קוֹרֵא וּמְבָרֵךְ לְפָנֶיהָ וּלְאַחֲרֶיהָ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לא הפסיד – that is to say, they did not lose out from reciting [the blessings] before and after [the Shema] but even though the time had passed [for its recitation], he recites [the Shema] and the blessings before it and after it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:2:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:2:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:2:5)

**כְּאָדָם הַקּוֹרֵא בַתּוֹרָה.** אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא יָצָא יְדֵי חוֹבַת קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע בְּעוֹנָתָה, יֵשׁ לוֹ קִבּוּל שָׂכָר כְּקוֹרֵא בַתּוֹרָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כאדם הקרוא בתורה – Even though he did not fulfill his religious obligation of reciting the Shema at its appropriate time, he does receive the reward as one who reads [these verses] from the Torah.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:3:1)

**יַטּוּ.** עַל צִדֵּיהֶם, דִּכְתִיב בְּשָׁכְבְּךָ, דֶּרֶךְ שְׁכִיבָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
יטו – [they should lean] on their sides as it is written (Deuteronomy 6:7), “when you lie down” – in the manner of lying down.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:3:2)

**יַעַמְדוּ.** דִּכְתִיב וּבְקוּמֶךָ, דֶּרֶךְ קִימָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
יעמדו – [the should stand] – as it is written (Deuteronomy 6:7), “and when you get up” – in the manner of rising.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:3:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:3:3)

**כְּדַרְכּוֹ.** בֵּין בְּקִימָה בֵּין בִּישִׁיבָה בֵּין בִּשְׁכִיבָה בֵּין בַּהֲלִיכָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כדרכו – whether [one is] standing or [one is] sitting or [one is] lying or [one is] walking.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:3:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:3:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:3:4)

**כְּדַי הָיִיתָ.** רָאוּי הָיִיתָ לֵהָרֵג, וְאִם הָיִיתָ מֵת הָיִיתָ מִתְחַיֵּב בְּנַפְשְׁךָ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כדי היית – you would have been liable to have been killed and if you had died, you would have been liable for [the loss of] your life.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:4:1)

**שְׁתַּיִם לְפָנֶיהָ.** יוֹצֵר אוֹר וְאַהֲבָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שתים לפניה – [The two blessings before the recitation of the Shema] – “who creates light”/יוצר אור and “love” [i.e “with great love, You, O LORD have loved us”/אהבה רבה]


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:4:2)

**וְאַחַת לְאַחֲרֶיהָ.** אֱמֶת וְיַצִּיב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואחת לאחריה – [The blessing] “True and established/אמת ויציב”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:4:3)

**וּבָעֶרֶב.** מְבָרֵךְ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ובערב – [And in the evening] one recites [the blessing(s)]


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:4:4)

**שְׁתַּיִם לְפָנֶיהָ.** מַעֲרִיב עֲרָבִים וְאַהֲבַת עוֹלָם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שתים לפניה – “One brings on the evening twilight/המעריב ערבים” and “With eternal love/אהבת עולם”.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:4:5)

**וּשְׁתַּיִם לְאַחֲרֶיהָ.** אֱמֶת וֶאֱמוּנָה וְהַשְׁכִּיבֵנוּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
And two afterwards – “True and Certain/אמת ואמונה” and “Cause us to lie down/השכיבנו.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:4:6)

**אַחַת אֲרֻכָּה וְאַחַת קְצָרָה.** אַשְּׁתַּיִם שֶׁלְּפָנֶיהָ קָאֵי, יוֹצֵר אוֹר אֲרֻכָּה שֶׁפֹּתַחַת בְּבָרוּךְ וְחֹתֶמֶת בְּבָרוּךְ, וְכֵן מַעֲרִיב עֲרָבִים. אַהֲבָה קְצָרָה, שֶׁחֹתֶמֶת בְּבָרוּךְ וְאֵינָהּ פֹּתַחַת בְּבָרוּךְ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אחת ארוכה ואחת קצרה – Referring to the two [blessings recited] before the Shema, יוצא אור/”Who Forms light” is a “long” [blessing], in that it opens [with the words] “Praised [are You]” and concludes with “Praised [are You]” and similarly [with the blessing in the Evening service] “Who brings on the evening twilight” [which begins with “Praised are You” and concludes with “Praised are You”]. The blessing “Love” (“With great love” – and its evening equivalent “With eternal love”) is short as it concludes with “Praised [are You]” and does not open with “Praised [are You].”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:4:7)

**לַחְתֹּם.** בְּבָרוּךְ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לחתום – with [the word] “Praised [are You, O LORD].”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:4:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:4:8)

**שֶׁלֹּא לַחְתֹּם.** כְּגוֹן בִּרְכַּת הַפֵּרוֹת וּבִרְכַּת הַמִּצְוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שלא לחתום – such as the blessings for fruits and blessing for the commandments.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:5:1)

**מַזְכִּירִין יְצִיאַת מִצְרַיִם בַּלֵּילוֹת.** פָּרָשַׁת צִיצִית אוֹמְרִים אוֹתָהּ בִּקְרִיאַת שְׁמַע שֶׁל עַרְבִית, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין לַיְלָה זְמַן צִיצִית, דִּכְתִיב וּרְאִיתֶם אוֹתוֹ, פְּרָט לִכְסוּת לַיְלָה, אוֹמְרִים אוֹתָהּ בַּלַּיְלָה מִפְּנֵי יְצִיאַת מִצְרַיִם שֶׁבָּהּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מזכירין יציאת מצרים בלילות – The section of Tzizit (Ritual Fringes – the third paragraph of the Shema: Numbers 15:37-41) is said during the Recitation of the Shema at night, and even though the night time is not the time [for the wearing of] Tzizit, as it says, “look at it (and recall all the commandments of the LORD and observe them…)” to the exclusion of nighttime clothing, we recite it (Numbers 15:37-41) at night because of [the mention of] the Exodus of Egypt which is in it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:5:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:5:2)

**כְּבֶן שִׁבְעִים שָׁנָה.** הָיִיתִי נִרְאֶה זָקֵן. וְלֹא זָקֵן מַמָּשׁ אֶלָּא שֶׁהִלְבִּינוּ שַׂעֲרוֹתָיו יוֹם שֶׁמִּנּוּ אוֹתוֹ נָשִׂיא כְּדֵי שֶׁיֵּרָאֶה זָקֵן וְרָאוּי לִנְשִׂיאוּת, וְאוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם דָּרַשׁ בֶּן זוֹמָא מִקְרָא זֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כבן שבעים שנה – as I appeared old and not actually old, but because [the locks of] his hair had turned white on the day when he was appointed to be the Nasi/head of [the Sanhedrin] in order that he would look “old” and appropriate for the “presidency.” And on that self-same day, Ben Zoma expounded upon this Biblical verse.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:5:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 1:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/1:5:3)

**וְלֹא זָכִיתִי.** לֹא נִצַּחְתִּי לַחֲכָמִים. וְדוֹמֶה לוֹ בַּשַּׁ"ס בְּפֶרֶק בְּנוֹת כּוּתִים (נדה לח:) בְּהָא זָכִנְהוּ רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר לְרַבָּנָן, כְּלוֹמַר נִצְּחָם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ולא זכיתי – I did not win the Sages, and similar to this in the Talmud [is the episode] found in the chapter “B’not Kuttim” (chapter four of Tractate Niddah 38b), in that Rabbi Eleazar defeated the Rabbis, that is to say, he won out against them.