## Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot Chapter 2

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:1:1)

**הָיָה קוֹרֵא בַתּוֹרָה.** פָּרָשַׁת קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
היה קורא בתורה – The portion(s) of the Shema (i.e. Deuteronomy 6:4-9; Deuteronomy 11:13-21 and/or Numbers 15:37-41) [from the Torah scroll].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:1:2)

**וְהִגִּיעַ זְמַן.** קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והגיע זמן – [the time for the] recitation of the Shema [had arrived].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:1:3)

**אִם כִּוֵּן לִבּוֹ יָצָא.** לְדִבְרֵי הָאוֹמֵר מִצְוֹת צְרִיכוֹת כַּוָּנָה צָרִיךְ לְפָרֵשׁ אִם כִּוֵּן לִבּוֹ שֶׁיְּהֵא מִתְכַּוֵּן לָצֵאת יְדֵי חוֹבָתוֹ, וְהָאוֹמֵר מִצְוֹת אֵין צְרִיכוֹת כַּוָּנָה מְפָרֵשׁ אִם כִּוֵּן לִבּוֹ לִקְרוֹת כִּנְקוּדָתָן וּכְהִלְכָתָן, לַאֲפּוּקֵי קוֹרֵא לְהַגִּיהַּ שֶׁאֵינוֹ קוֹרֵא הַתֵּבוֹת כִּנְקוּדָתָן אֶלָּא קוֹרֵא כִּכְתִיבָתָן כְּדֵי לְהָבִין בַּחֲסֵרוֹת וִיתֵרוֹת, דְּבִקְרִיאָה כָּזוֹ לֹא יָצָא. וַאֲנַן קַיְמָא לָן כְּמַאן דְּאָמַר מִצְוֹת צְרִיכוֹת כַּוָּנָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אם כיון לבו יצא – According the words of [the opinion] which states: [The performance of] the commandments requires spiritual intentionality, one must explain if he indeed intended that to fulfill his religious obligation . [And according to the opinion] which states that [the performance of] the commandments does not require spiritual intentionality, he explains – if he intended to read as it is properly pronounced and according to Jewish law, excluding someone who reads to correct/amend the text – who is not reading the words as they are pronounced, but rather reading them as they are written to understand those things which are missing or additional, for in such a reading, one does not fulfill one’s religious obligation. And we hold like the opinion that teaches that [the performance of] the commandments requires religious intentionality (see Tractate Rosh Hashanah, Chapter 3, Mishnah 7 concerning the sounding of the Shofar on Rosh Hashanah and the reading of Megillat Esther on Purim which also deals with the question of “spiritual intentionality”).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:1:4)

**בַּפְּרָקִים.** לְקַמָּן בְּמַתְנִיתִין מְפָרֵשׁ מָה הֵם הַפְּרָקִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בפרקים –Further on, our Mishnah will explain what is meant by the term הפרקים/intervals.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:1:5)

**שׁוֹאֵל מִפְּנֵי הַכָּבוֹד.** שׁוֹאֵל בִּשְׁלוֹם אָדָם נִכְבָּד שֶׁרָאוּי לְהַקְדִּים לוֹ שָׁלוֹם כְּגוֹן אָבִיו אוֹ רַבּוֹ אוֹ שֶׁגָּדוֹל מִמֶּנּוּ בְּחָכְמָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שואל מפני הכבוד – Ask of the welfare of someone who is honored and [for whom] it is appropriate to extend a greeting [first] – such as one’s father or one’s teacher or someone’s whose wisdom is greater than yours.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:1:6)

**וּמֵשִׁיב.** וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר שֶׁמֵּשִׁיב לָהֶם שָׁלוֹם אִם הִקְדִּימוּ לוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ומשיב – And we do not have to say [that he may respond] to them if they greet you first.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:1:7)

**וּבָאֶמְצַע.** הַפֶּרֶק:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ובאמצע – [in the middle] of the chapter/section.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:1:8)

**שׁוֹאֵל מִפְּנֵי הַיִּרְאָה.** אָדָם שֶׁהוּא יָרֵא מִפָּנָיו שֶׁמָּא יַהַרְגֵהוּ, וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר שֶׁמֵּשִׁיב לוֹ שָׁלוֹם. אֲבָל מִפְּנֵי הַכָּבוֹד לֹא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שואל מפני היראה – A person whom one fears lest he may kill you, and surely you don’t have to say, that you may respond to a greeting [from him] but not out of one’s honor for that individual.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:1:9)

**רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר בָּאֶמְצַע.** הַפֶּרֶק, שׁוֹאֵל בִּשְׁלוֹם מִי שֶׁהוּא יָרֵא מִמֶּנּוּ, וּמֵשִׁיב שָׁלוֹם לְמִי שֶׁמּוּטָל עָלָיו לְכַבְּדוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רבי יהודה אומר באמצע – In the middle of the chapter/section, one may ask of the welfare of someone one fears, and respond peacefully to anyone whom one must [demonstrate] honor/respect.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:10
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:1:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:1:10)

**וּמֵשִׁיב שָׁלוֹם לְכָל אָדָם.** שֶׁהִקְדִּים לוֹ שָׁלוֹם. וַהֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה. וּבְכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁאָסוּר לְהַפְסִיק, כָּךְ אָסוּר לְדַבֵּר בִּלְשׁוֹן הַקֹּדֶשׁ כְּמוֹ בִּשְׁאָר לְשׁוֹנוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ומשיב שלום לכל אדם – If he greeted you first, and the law follows like Rabbi Yehuda and in all matters where it is prohibited to interrupt, so it Is also forbidden to speak in Hebrew as it would be in other languages.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:2:1)

**בֵּין וַיֹּאמֶר לֶאֱמֶת וְיַצִּיב לֹא יַפְסִיק.** דִּכְתִיב וַה'‏ אֱלֹהִים אֱמֶת (ירמיה י), הִלְכָּךְ אֵין מַפְסִיקִין בֵּין אֲנִי ה'‏ אֱלֹהֵיכֶם לֶאֱמֶת. וְכֵן הֲלָכָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בין ויאמר לאמת ויציב לא יפסיק – As it is written, “But the LORD is truly God.” (Jeremiah 10:10). Therefore, we do not interrupt between [the words] “I the LORD your God” (Numbers 15:41) and “truth” and this is the Halakha.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:2:2)

**וְהָיָה אִם שָׁמֹעַ נוֹהֵג בֵּין בַּיּוֹם בֵּין בַּלַּיְלָה.** דִּכְתִיב בֵּיהּ (דברים יא) וְלִמַּדְתֶּם אוֹתָם אֶת בְּנֵיכֶם, וְתַלְמוּד תּוֹרָה נוֹהֵג בֵּין בַּיּוֹם וּבֵין בַּלַּיְלָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והיה אם שמוע נוהג בין ביום ובין בלילה – As it is written (Deuteronomy 11:19), “and teach them to your children” and the study of Torah is practiced both during the daytime and during the nighttime.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:2:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:2:3)

**וַיֹּאמֶר אֵינוֹ נוֹהֵג אֶלָּא בַּיּוֹם.** דְּאִית בֵּיהּ פָּרָשַׁת צִיצִית שֶׁאֵינָהּ נוֹהֶגֶת בַּלַּיְלָה, דִּכְתִיב (במדבר טו) וּרְאִיתֶם אוֹתוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ויאמר אינו נוהג אלא ביום – which includes the portion of the Ritual Fringes/Tzizit (Numbers 15:37-41) which are not observed at night, as I states (Numbers 15:39), “look at it.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:3:1)

**רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר לֹא יָצָא.** דִּכְתִיב שְׁמַע, הַשְׁמַע לְאָזְנְךָ מַה שֶּׁאַתָּה מוֹצִיא מִפִּיךָ. וְתַנָּא קַמָּא סָבַר, שְׁמַע בְּכָל לָשׁוֹן שֶׁאַתָּה שׁוֹמֵעַ. וַהֲלָכָה כְּתַנָּא קַמָּא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רבי יוסי אומר: לא יצא – As it is written (Deuteronomy 6:4): “Hear” – Cause your ear to hear what your mouth utters. And the first teacher [of our Mishnah] holds that “Shema” is recited in any language that you hear, and the Halakha follows this first teacher.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:3:2)

**וְלֹא דִקְדֵּק בְּאוֹתִיּוֹתֶיהָ.** לְהוֹצִיאָן בִּשְׂפָתָיו יָפֶה, בִּשְׁתֵּי תֵבוֹת שֶׁהַתֵּבָה הַשְּׁנִיָּה מַתְחֶלֶת בָּאוֹת שֶׁהַתֵּבָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה נִגְמֶרֶת, כְּגוֹן עַל לְבָבֶךָ, עֵשֶׂב בְּשָׂדְךָ, וַאֲבַדְתֶּם מְהֵרָה, אִם אֵינוֹ נוֹתֵן רֶוַח בֵּינֵיהֶם לְהַפְרִידָם נִמְצָא קוֹרֵא אוֹתָם שְׁתֵּי אוֹתִיּוֹת כְּאוֹת אַחַת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ולא דקדק באותיותיה – To emit them with one’s lips clearly – so that two words where the first letter of the second word begins with the same letter that concluded the first word – such as “Al L’va’vekha” (Deuteronomy 6:6 – “Take to heart”) עשב בשדך” (Deuteronomy 11:15 – “I will provide grass in the fields”), ועבדתם מהרה"” (Deuteronomy 11:17 – “and you will soon perish”) - that if you do not place a space between [these words] to separate them, you will end up reading these two (identicaletters as one letter.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:3:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:3:3)

**רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר יָצָא.** וַהֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי. מִיהוּ לְכַתְּחִלָּה צָרִיךְ לְדַקְדֵּק בְּאוֹתִיּוֹתֶיהָ, וְכֵן יִזָּהֵר שֶׁלֹּא יָנִיחַ הַנָּד וְלֹא יָנִיד הַנָּח וְלֹא יְרַפֶּה הֶחָזָק וְלֹא יְחַזֵּק הָרָפֶה, וְצָרִיךְ לְהַתִּיז זַיִ"ן שֶׁל תִּזְכְּרוּ שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא נִרְאֶה כְּאוֹמֵר תִּשְׂכְּרוּ בְּשִׂי"ן, כְּלוֹמַר כְּדֵי שֶׁתַּרְבּוּ שָׂכָר, שֶׁהֲרֵי אֵין רָאוּי לְשַׁמֵּשׁ אֶת הָרַב עַל מְנָת לְקַבֵּל פְּרָס:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רבי יוסי אומר – And the Halakha is like Rabbi Yosi. However, ab initio, one must take care to be exacting in pronouncing the letters of the words (of the Shema) and similarly, one should be careful not (concerning the usage of the SHWA), to make a moving SHWA a resting one or a resting one a moving one, nor to make a strong DAGESH of something which is soft or a soft DAGESH of something that is strong. And one must articulate clearly the ZAYIN of the word “תזכרו” (Numbers 15:40 –“Thus you will be reminded”) so that it does appear as if one is saying, “תשכרו” (to be rewarded), with the letter SIN, to say, that you should receive great reward [for the performance of the commandments] – for it is inappropriate (see Tractate Avot, Chapter 1, Mishnah 3) “to serve the master [i.e. God] in order to receive a reward.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:3:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:3:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:3:4)

**הַקּוֹרֵא לְמַפְרֵעַ.** הִקְדִּים פָּסוּק שְׁלִישִׁי לְשֵׁנִי וְשֵׁנִי לְרִאשׁוֹן וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָזֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הקורא למפרע – Recite the third verse before he second and the second before the first, and other similarities.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:3:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:3:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:3:5)

**לֹא יָצָא.** דִּכְתִיב וְהָיוּ הַדְּבָרִים בַּהֲוָיָתָן יִהְיוּ, כְּלוֹמַר כְּמוֹ שֶׁהֵן סְדוּרִין בַּתּוֹרָה. וּמִיהוּ אִם הִקְדִּים פָּרָשַׁת וַיֹּאמֶר לְפָרָשַׁת וְהָיָה אִם שָׁמֹעַ, וּפָרָשַׁת וְהָיָה אִם שָׁמֹעַ לִשְׁמַע, נִרְאֶה דְאֵין זֶה חָשׁוּב לְמַפְרֵעַ וְיָצָא, שֶׁהֲרֵי אֵינָן סְדוּרוֹת זוֹ לְאַחַר זוֹ בַּתּוֹרָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לא יצא – As it is written (Deuteronomy 6:6), “these instructions [which I charge you this day],” as they are, that is to say, as they are organized in the Torah. But however, if one first read the "ויאמר" passage (Numbers 15:37-41) prior to the והיה אם שמוע"” passage (Deuteronomy 11:13-21), or the “והיה אם שמוע” passage prior to “שמע” (Deuteronomy 6:4-9), it would appear that it is not important read out of order, and one fulfills [one’s obligation] since they are not set up that way, one after the other in the Torah.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:3:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:3:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:3:6)

**יַחֲזֹר לְמָקוֹם שֶׁטָּעָה.** אִם בֵּין פֶּרֶק לְפֶרֶק טָעָה, שֶׁאֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ בְּאֵיזֶה פֶּרֶק הִפְסִיק וּלְרֹאשׁ אֵיזֶה פֶּרֶק יַחֲזֹר, חוֹזֵר לְהֶפְסֵק רִאשׁוֹן שֶׁהוּא וְהָיָה אִם שָׁמֹעַ. וְהָרַמְבַּ"ם אוֹמֵר שֶׁהוּא וְאָהַבְתָּ אֵת ה'‏, וְאִם בְּאֶמְצַע הַפֶּרֶק פָּסַק, שֶׁיּוֹדֵעַ הַפֶּרֶק שֶׁפָּסַק בּוֹ, אֲבָל אֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ בְּאֵיזֶה מָקוֹם מֵאוֹתוֹ פֶּרֶק פָּסַק, חוֹזֵר לְרֹאשׁ אוֹתוֹ הַפֶּרֶק. הָיָה קוֹרֵא וּכְתַבְתָּם, וְאֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ אִם הוּא בְּוּכְתַבְתָּם שֶׁל שְׁמַע אוֹ בְּוּכְתַבְתָּם שֶׁל וְהָיָה אִם שָׁמֹעַ, חוֹזֵר לְוּכְתַבְתָּם שֶׁל שְׁמַע, וְאִם נִסְתַּפֵּק לְאַחַר שֶׁהִתְחִיל לְמַעַן יִרְבּוּ, אֵינוֹ חוֹזֵר, שֶׁעַל הֶרְגֵּל לְשׁוֹנוֹ הוּא הוֹלֵךְ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
יחזור למקום שטעה – If between each section [of the Shema] he erred and did not know on which section he had interrupted (the appropriate order), and to which paragraph’s beginning he should return to, he should go back to the first interval – which is “והיה אם שמוע” (Deuteronomy 11:13-21). And Maimonides states that this is the first sentence: “ואהבת את ה' אלהיך” (Deuteronomy 6:5), and if he is in the middle of a section, he should stop [assuming that] he knows which section (of the Shema) that he is in, but if he doesn’t know which place and from which section he is in, he should stop and return to the beginning of that section. If he was reciting: “וכתבתם [על מזוזות]” and did not know if it was referring did not know if it was referring to “and you shall inscribe them” from the first section of the Shema (Deuteronomy 6:9) or the second section of the Shema (Deuteronomy 11:20), he should go back to the first mention of “you shall inscribe them” (Deuteronomy 6:9). But if he became doubtful after he had begun (the concluding verse of the second section of the Shema), “to the end that you and your children may endure” (Deuteronomy 11:21), he should not go back, since he is following the natural flow of the language [of the Shema].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:4:1)

**נִדְבָּךְ.** שׁוּרָה שֶׁל בִּנְיַן אֲבָנִים, כְּמוֹ נִדְבָּכִין דִּי אֶבֶן גְּלָל בְּעֶזְרָא (פרק ו), וְאַף עַל גַּב דְּמִסְתְּפֵי דִּלְמָא נָפְלֵי וְלֹא מָצוּ מְכַוְּנֵי, לֹא הִצְרִיכוּם חֲכָמִים לָרֶדֶת, דִּקְרִיאַת שְׁמַע לֹא בָעֵי כַּוָּנָה אֶלָּא פָּסוּק רִאשׁוֹן בִּלְבָד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
נדבך – a layer of stones of a building such as “a course of unused timber for each three courses of hewn stone” (Ezra 6:4), and even though he is fearful that he might fall, and would not be able to focus (“have spiritual intentionality” during his recitation of the Shema) , the Sages did not require him to come down, for the Recitation of the Shema only requires spiritual intentionality for the first verse only (“Hear O Israel, the LORD our God, the LORD is One”).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:4:2)

**מַה שֶּׁאֵינָן רַשָּׁאִין לַעֲשׂוֹת כֵּן בַּתְפִלָּה.** דִּצְלוֹתָא רַחֲמֵי הִיא וּבָעֵי כַּוָּנָה, הִלְכָּךְ יוֹרְדִין לְמַטָּה וּמִתְפַּלְּלִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מה שאינן רשאין לעשות כן בתפילה – for Prayer (the Recitation of the Amidah) is [a plea for] mercy and requires spiritual intentionality. Therefore, one descends (from above) and prays (recites the Amidah).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:5:1)

**חָתָן.** שֶׁנָּשָׂא בְּתוּלָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חתן – [A groom] who married a virgin


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:5:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:5:2)

**פָּטוּר מִקְּרִיאַת שְׁמַע לַיְלָה רִאשׁוֹן.** מִשּׁוּם דְּטָרִיד שֶׁמָּא לֹא יִמְצָאֶנָּה בְּתוּלָה. וַאֲנִי שָׁמַעְתִּי שֶׁמִּתְיָרֵא שֶׁמָּא יֵעָשֶׂה כְּרוּת שָׁפְכָה בִּבְעִילָתוֹ, וְטִרְדָּא דְמִצְוָה הִיא, וְרַחֲמָנָא אָמַר וּבְלֶכְתְּךָ בַדֶּרֶךְ, בְּלֶכֶת דִּידָךְ הוּא דִמְחַיְּבַת, הָא דְמִצְוָה פְּטִירַת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
פטור מקריאת שמע לילה ראשון – is exempt from the Recitation of the Shema the first night (of his marriage) because of the grave concern that he might not find her to be a virgin. And I heard that he fears lest he might his genitals might be mutilated through his [initial] intercourse [with his wife] and it is his preoccupation with this Mitzvah. And All-Merciful One (God) said (Deuteronomy 6:7), “and when you are away” – in your “going” (the commandment for sexual intercourse with one’s [virgin] wife is tied to the command “be fertile and increase” – Genesis 1:27) – which obligates you but also commands one’s exemption [from the recitation of the Shema].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:5:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:5:3)

**אִם לֹא עָשָׂה מַעֲשֶׂה.** אִם לֹא בָּעַל עַד מוֹצָאֵי שַׁבָּת שֶׁהֵם אַרְבָּעָה לֵילוֹת, טָרִיד. וּמִשָּׁם וְאֵילָךְ לִבּוֹ גַּס בָּהּ וְתוּ לֹא טָרִיד, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא עָשָׂה מַעֲשֶׂה חַיָּב בִּקְרִיאַת שְׁמַע:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אם לא עשה מעשה – If he did not engage in sexual intercourse until Saturday night (after the conclusion of Shabbat) which is four nights that he was preoccupied [with his ability to perform his sexual obligations to his wife]. And from that point onwards, he becomes intimate with her and furthermore, is no longer preoccupied, and even though he has not yet performed his obligation [of intimacy with his wife], he is obligated to recite the Shema.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:6:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:6:1)

**רָחַץ לַיְלָה הָרִאשׁוֹן שֶׁמֵּתָה אִשְׁתּוֹ.** וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאָבֵל אָסוּר בִּרְחִיצָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רחץ לילה הראשון שמתה אשתו – And even though a mourner (during Shivah) is prohibited from bathing.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:6:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:6:2)

**אִסְטְנִיס אֲנִי.** קַר וּמְצֻנָּן, לְשׁוֹן צִנָּה. וְאִיכָּא צַעֲרָא אִם לֹא הָיָה רוֹחֵץ, וְאֵין אִסּוּר בִּימֵי אֶבְלוֹ אֶלָּא רְחִיצָה שֶׁל תַּעֲנוּג:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אסטניס אני – Cold and frost – from the word “tzinah”/cold – and it would cause pain/suffering if he would not wash and it is only forbidden during the days of his mourning to bathe for pleasure (i.e. swimming, lengthy hot shower).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:8:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Berakhot 2:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Berakhot/r/2:8:1)

**לֹא כָּל הָרוֹצֶה לִטֹּל אֶת הַשֵּׁם יִטֹּל.** אִם לֹא הֻחְזַק חָכָם וּפָרוּשׁ בִּשְׁאָר דְּבָרִים אֵין [זֶה] אֶלָּא גַּאֲוָה שֶׁמַּרְאֶה בְּעַצְמוֹ שֶׁיָּכוֹל לְכַוֵּן לִבּוֹ, וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל. וְחָזִינַן לִקְצַת מֵרַבּוֹתֵינוּ דְּאָמְרֵי דְהָאִידְנָא כָּל אָדָם יִקְרָא קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע בַּלַּיְלָה הָרִאשׁוֹן, שֶׁכֵּיוָן שֶׁבַּדּוֹרוֹת הַלָּלוּ אֵין מְכַוְּנִים כָּל כָּךְ בִּשְׁאָר יָמִים, אִם לֹא יִקְרָא בְּלַיְלָה רִאשׁוֹן מֵחֲזֵי יוֹתֵר כְּיוֹהֲרָא, שֶׁמַּרְאֶה עַצְמוֹ שֶׁהוּא מְכַוֵּן בְּכָל שָׁעָה אֶלָּא הַשְׁתָּא מִשּׁוּם דְּטָרִיד בְּמִצְוָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לא כל הרוצה ליטול את השם יטול – If he is not considered a Sage and someone distinguished in other things, it would only be considered as excessive pride if he would attempt to show that he can demonstrate spiritual intentionality. And the Halakha does not follow Rabban Gamaliel. And we see that some of our Rabbis who say that nowadays, any person can recite the Shema on the first night (following their wedding) since in these generations, there is not that much spiritual intention on the other days and if he didn’t recite [the Shema] on the first night (following his wedding), it would appear like a greater haughtiness if he is able [to recite the Shema] with spiritual intentionality, in every hour other than now, because of his concern of fulfilling the Mitzvah of “being fruitful and multiplying.”