## Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot Chapter 7

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:1:1)

**הֵעִיד רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ.** פִּדְיוֹן פֶּטֶר חֲמוֹר שֶׁמֵּת. שֶׂה שֶׁהִפְרִישׁוֹ לְפִדְיוֹן פֶּטֶר חֲמוֹר וּמֵת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
העיד רבי יהושע. פדיון פטר חמור שמת– a lamb which was set aside/dedicated for the redemption of the first-born of an ass and it died.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:1:2)

**כְּחָמֵשׁ סְלָעִים.** שֶׁל פִּדְיוֹן הַבֵּן שֶׁחַיָּב בְּאַחֲרָיוּתָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כחמש סלעים – [like the five Sela’im] of the redemption of the first-born son [if lost] is liable to make it up.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:1:3)

**כְּפִדְיוֹן מַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי.** דְּאִם אָבַד אֵינוֹ חַיָּב בְּאַחֲרָיוּתוֹ, דְּהַהוּא כֶּסֶף חַיְּבֵיהּ רַחְמָנָא לֶאֱכֹל בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם, וְהָא אָזַל לֵיהּ. וְטַעֲמָא דְרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר, שֶׁכֵּן מָצִינוּ שֶׁהֵקִישׁ הַכָּתוּב פֶּטֶר חֲמוֹר לִבְכוֹר אָדָם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות לד) וּפֶטֶר חֲמוֹר תִּפְדֶּה בְשֶׂה וְגוֹ'‏ וְכֹל בְּכוֹר בָּנֶיךָ תִּפְדֶּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כפדיון מעשר שני – for if it was lost, he is not liable to make it for that money the All-Merciful obligated to teat in Jerusalem, but surely it was lost to him, and the reason of Rabbi Eliezer for we have surely found that the Biblical verse made a comparison by juxtaposition between the first born of the ass and the first born of a human being, as it states (Exodus 34:20): “But the firstling of an ass you shall redeem with a sheep; [if you do not redeem it, you must break its neck.] And you must redeem every first-born among your sons.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:1:4)

**וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים.** אָמַר קְרָא (במדבר יח) אַךְ פָּדֹה תִּפְדֶּה אֶת בְּכוֹר הָאָדָם וְאֶת בְּכוֹר הַבְּהֵמָה הַטְּמֵאָה תִּפְדֶּה, לִפְדִיָּה הֵקַשְׁתִּיו וְלֹא לְדָבָר אַחֵר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וחכמים אומרים – The Biblical verse states (Numbers 18:15): “…but you shall have the first-born of man redeemed, and you shall also have the firstling of impure animals redeemed.” To redemption the Torah made a comparison [by juxtaposition] but not to anything else.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:2:1)

**לֹא פָסְלוּ אֶת צִירָן.** דְּהֵקֵלּוּ בְּצִיר שֶׁל חֲגָבִים טְמֵאִים שֶׁאֵינוֹ אוֹסֵר תַּעֲרָבְתּוֹ, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁאֵין לָהֶם דָּם וְאֵינוֹ אֶלָּא לַחְלוּחִית בְּעָלְמָא. וְזוֹ הָיְתָה מִשְׁנָה רִאשׁוֹנָה. וְעֵדוּתוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי צָדוֹק הוֹסִיף עַל מִשְׁנָה רִאשׁוֹנָה לוֹמַר שֶׁהוּא טָהוֹר, דְּלֹא מִבַּעְיָא דְּאֵינוֹ אוֹסֵר אֶת תַּעֲרָבְתּוֹ אֶלָּא אֲפִלּוּ הוּא עַצְמוֹ טָהוֹר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לא פסלו את צירן – for they were lenient with the brine of unclean locusts that he doesn’t prohibit their [mixture], because they lack blood and it is only mere moistness, and this was an early version of the Mishnah. But the testimony of Rabbi Tzadok added on to the words of the early version of the Mishnah to state that it is pure, for it was needless to say that he does not forbid this mixture, but rather even this itself is pure.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:3:1)

**עַל זוֹחֲלִין שֶׁרַבּוּ עַל הַנּוֹטְפִים.** זוֹחֲלִין הֵן כְּגוֹן נְהָרוֹת שֶׁהֵם נִגָּרִים עַל גַּבֵּי קַרְקַע. לְשׁוֹן זֹחֲלֵי עָפָר (דברים לב). וְדִינָן כְּמַעְיָן, שֶׁהֵן מְטַהֲרִים בְּזוֹחֲלִין וּבְכָל שֶׁהֵן, וְהֵן כְּשֵׁרִים לְקַדֵּשׁ בָּהֶן מֵי חַטָּאת וְלִטְבִילַת זָבִים.

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
על הזוחלין שרבו על הנוטפים – they are running waters like rivers that are waters in channels or stored up on the ground, based upon the language of (Deuteronomy 32:24): “with venomous creepers in dust,” and their law is like that of a spring which purifies running water and whatever is in it, and they are valid to sanctify through them the waters of purification and for the immersion of individuals with a flux.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:3:2)

**נוֹטְפִים.** הֵן כְּגוֹן מֵי גְּשָׁמִים, וְדִינָן כְּמִקְוֶה לְטַהֵר בְּאַרְבָּעִים סְאָה וּבְאַשְׁבֹּרֶן, וּפְסוּלִים לְמֵי חַטָּאת, שֶׁאֵינָן מַיִם חַיִּים, וְכֵן לִטְבִילַת זָבִין. וּכְשֶׁנִּתְעָרְבוּ זוֹחֲלִין בְּנוֹטְפִין וְרַבּוּ הַזּוֹחֲלִין, דִּינָן כְּזוֹחֲלִין, וּכְשֵׁרִים לְקַדֵּשׁ בָּהֶן מֵי חַטָּאת וְלִטְבִילַת זָבִים, וּמְטַהֲרִים בְּזוֹחֲלִים וּבְכָל שֶׁהֵן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
נוטפים – [they drip] like rain water, and their law is like a Mikveh of forty Seah to purify, and in a cavity for the reception of water, and they are invalid for the waters of a sin-offering and for the immersion of those with a flux, but they purify in running waters and with anything in them.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:3:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:3:3)

**בְּבִירַת הַפִּלְיָא.** שֵׁם מָקוֹם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בבירת דלפיא – the name of a place.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:4:1)

**בַּעֲלֵה אֱגוֹז.** הַקְּלִפָּה הַחִיצוֹנָה שֶׁל אֱגוֹז, דְּהַיְנוּ הַקְּלִפָּה הַיְרֻקָּה כְּשֶׁהִיא לַחָה. אִם עֲשָׂאָהּ כְּמִין מַרְזֵב לִהְיוֹת הַמַּיִם הַזּוֹחֲלִים נִכְנָסִים בָּהּ וּמְקַלְּחִים מִמֶּנָּה לַחוּץ, דִּין זוֹחֲלִים יֵשׁ לַמַּיִם הַמְקַלְּחִים מִמֶּנָּה, וְהֵם כְּשֵׁרִים לְמֵי חַטָּאת וְלִטְבִילַת זָבִים וְכוּ'. וְלֹא אָמְרִינַן הוֹאִיל וְנִכְנְסוּ בְּתוֹךְ קְלִפָּה זוֹ שֶׁיֵּשׁ לָהּ בֵּית קִבּוּל וּמִשָּׁם מְקַלְּחִין לַחוּץ שׁוּב לֹא יִהְיֶה לָהֶם דִּין זוֹחֲלִים, לְפִי שֶׁאוֹתָהּ קְלִפָּה אֵינָהּ חֲשׁוּבָה כְּלִי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
עלי אגוז – the outer shell of a nut, which is the green shell when it is moist. If he made it like a spout/tube so that the running water enters through it and causes gushing forth by interposing an object (i.e., dam it in and causing an overflow), it has the law of running waters for the waters that are dammed in and causing an overflow from it, and they are valid for the waters of purification and for the immersion of individuals with a flux, etc. And we don’t say that since they entered into this shell, which has a receptacle and from there, are dammed in causing an overflow from it, they would not have the law of running waters, since that shell is not considered a utensil.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:4:2)

**לִפְנֵי לִשְׁכַּת הַגָּזִית.** סַנְהֶדְרִי גְּדוֹלָה שֶׁיּוֹשְׁבִים בְּלִשְׁכַּת הַגָּזִית:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לפני לשכת הגזית – the Great Sanhedrin that would sit in the Chamber of the Hewn Stones.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:5:1)

**קָלָל שֶׁל חַטָּאת.** כְּלִי חֶרֶס שֶׁאֵפֶר פָּרָה מֻנָּח בּוֹ. תַּרְגּוּם וְכַדָּהּ עַל שִׁכְמָהּ (בראשית כד) וְקוּלְתַהּ עַל כַּתְפַּהּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
קלל של חטאת (this part of the Mishnah is also taught in Tractate Parah, Chapter 10, Mishnah 3) - an earthenware vessel that the ashes of the heifer are placed in it. The Aramaic translation of (Genesis 24:15): “…came out with her jar on her shoulder,” her jar on her shoulder.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:5:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:5:2)

**שֶׁנְּתָנוֹ עַל גַּבֵּי הַשֶּׁרֶץ.** וְלֹא נִטְמָא הַכְּלִי שֶׁאֵפֶר הַפָּרָה בְּתוֹכוֹ, דְּהָא אֵין כְּלִי חֶרֶס מִטַּמֵּא מִגַּבּוֹ, אַף עַל פִּי כֵן הָאֵפֶר טָמֵא, מִשּׁוּם דְּמֻנָּח בְּמָקוֹם טָמֵא, וְהַתּוֹרָה אָמְרָה (במדבר יט) וְהִנִּיחַ מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה בְּמָקוֹם טָהוֹר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שנתנו על גבי השרץ – an the utensil that the ashes of the heifer is inside is not defiled. For the earthenware vessel is not defiled from the outside, nevertheless, the ashes are impure, because it is placed in an impure place. And the Torah stated (Numbers 19:9): “[A man who is pure shall gather up the ashes of the cow] and deposit them outside the camp in a pure place, [to be kept for water of lustration for the Israelite community].”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:5:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:5:3)

**שֶׁרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר מְטַהֵר.** דְּסָבַר הוֹאִיל וְהַכְּלִי שֶׁהָאֵפֶר בְּתוֹכוֹ טָהוֹר הוּא, שַׁפִּיר קָרֵינָא בֵּיהּ מָקוֹם טָהוֹר. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שר' אליעזר מטהר – for he holds that since the utensil and the ashes within it are pure, it is better to call it a pure place. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Eliezer.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:5:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:5:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:5:4)

**עַל מִי שֶׁנָּזַר שְׁתֵּי נְזִירוּת.** סְתָם. וְכָל סְתָם נְזִירוּת שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
על מי שנזר שתי נזירות (this part of the Mishnah is also taught in Tractate Nazir, Chapter 3, Mishnah 2) –mere/plain [Nazirite-ship]. And all plain Nazirite vows are thirty days.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:5:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:5:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:5:5)

**שֶׁאִם גִּלַּח אֶת הָרִאשׁוֹנָה יוֹם שְׁלֹשִׁים.** דִּלְכַתְּחִלָּה לֹא מִבַּעְיָא לֵיהּ לְגַלֵּחַ אֶלָּא יוֹם שְׁלֹשִׁים וְאֶחָד, כְּדֵי שֶׁתִּהְיֶה נְזִירוּת שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם גְּמוּרִים. וְאִם גִּלַּח יוֹם שְׁלֹשִׁים, עָלְתָה לוֹ נְזִירוּת, דְּאָמְרִינַן מִקְצָת הַיּוֹם כְּכֻלּוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שאם גלה את הראשונה יום שלשים – for ab initio, it was not needed for him to shave other than the thirty-first [day], in order that that his Nazirite-ship would be thirty complete days. But if he shaved on the thirtieth day, his Nazirite-ship was counted for him, for we say that part of a day is like a full day.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:5:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:5:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:5:6)

**וְאִם גִּלַּח יוֹם שִׁשִּׁים חָסֵר אֶחָד יָצָא.** שֶׁיּוֹם שְׁלֹשִׁים שֶׁל נְזִירוּת רִאשׁוֹנָה עוֹלֶה לְכָאן וּלְכָאן, וְכֵיוָן שֶׁיּוֹם שְׁלֹשִׁים שֶׁל רִאשׁוֹנָה נִמְנֶה גַּם מִן הַנְּזִירוּת הַשְּׁנִיָּה, נִמְצְאוּ שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם שֶׁל נְזִירוּת שְׁנִיָּה כָּלִים בְּשִׁשִּׁים חָסֵר אֶחָד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואם גלה יום ששים חסר אחד יצא – for the thirtieth day of the first Nazirite-ship counts both for here (i.e., the first) and for there (i.e., the second), and since the thirtieth day of the first is also counted from the second Nazirite-ship, it is found that thirty days of the second Nazirite-ship end on the sixtieth-day minus one (i.e., on the fifty-ninth day).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:6:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:6:1)

**וְלַד שְׁלָמִים לֹא יִקְרַב שְׁלָמִים.** אֶלָּא כּוֹנְסוֹ לְכִפָּה וּמֵת. מִשּׁוּם גְּזֵרָה, דְּאִי אָמַרְתְּ וְלַד שְׁלָמִים יֵשׁ לוֹ תַּקָּנָה, אָתֵי לְאַשְׁהוֹיֵי לָאֵם עַד שֶׁתֵּלֵד וִיגַדֵּל עֲדָרִים מִן הַוְּלָדוֹת וְאָתֵי בְּהוּ לִידֵי גִּזָּה וַעֲבוֹדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ולד שלמים לא יקרב שלמים – but one puts it into the prison and it dies. It is because a decree, for if we you were to say that the offspring of a peace-offering has a remedy, one can wait for the mother until she gives birth and the flock would grow from the offspring and it would provide wool and labor.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:6:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:6:2)

**וְאָכַלְנוּ וְלָדָהּ שְׁלָמִים בֶּחָג.** בְּחַג הַשָּׁבוּעוֹת קָאָמַר. שֶׁאִם הָיָה מַמְתִּין וּמְצַפֶּה לְחַג הַסֻּכּוֹת, נִמְצָא עוֹבֵר בַּעֲשֵׂה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים יב) וּבָאתָ שָׁמָּה וַהֲבֵאתֶם שָׁמָּה, דְּמַשְׁמַע בְּרֶגֶל רִאשׁוֹן שֶׁתָּבֹא שָׁמָּה הָבֵא כָּל נְדָרִים שֶׁעָלֶיךָ. מִיהוּ בְּלָאו דְּלֹא תְּאַחֵר אֵינוֹ עוֹבֵר עַד שֶׁיַּעַבְרוּ עָלָיו שָׁלֹשׁ רְגָלִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואכלנו ולדה שלמים בחג – on the holiday of Shavuot, for if he would wait and look forward to the holiday of Sukkot, it is found that he would violate a positive commandment, as it states (Deuteronomy 12:5,6): “There you are to go, and there you are to bring [your burnt offerings and other sacrifices, your tithes and contributions, your votive and freewill offerings, and the firstlings of your herds and flocks],” that implies on the first Festival that you would go there, bring all your vows that are upon you. However, the negative commandment of “[When you make a vow to the LORD your God] do not put off fulfilling it,” he does not transgress until three festivals have passed by.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:7:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:7:1)

**אֲרוּכוֹת שֶׁל נַחְתּוֹמִים.** פְּשׁוּטֵי כְּלֵי עֵץ, שֶׁהַנַּחְתּוֹמִים עוֹרְכִים שָׁם כִּכָּרוֹת שֶׁל לֶחֶם בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁעוֹשִׂין הַפַּת. אֲרוּכוֹת, כְּמוֹ עֲרוּכוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ארוכות של נחתומים (this section of the Mishnah is also taught in Tractate Kelim, Chapter 15, Mishnah 2) – flat wooden utensils that bakers arrange there loaves of bread at the time when they make bread. Long-ranging boards like to work the dough.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:7:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:7:2)

**שֶׁהֵן טְמֵאוֹת מִדְּרַבָּנָן.** דִּנְהִי דְּמִן הַתּוֹרָה פְּשׁוּטֵי כְּלֵי עֵץ אֵין מְקַבְּלִין טֻמְאָה, רַבָּנָן גָּזוּר עֲלַיְהוּ, כִּדְמוּכָח בְּמַסֶּכֶת כֵּלִים פֶּרֶק ב':

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שהן טמאות – According to the Rabbis, for assuming that from the Torah, flat wooden utensils do not receive defilement,, the Rabbis decreed upon them, as is brought in Tractate Kelim, Chapter 2 (Mishnah 1).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:7:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:7:3)

**שֶׁרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר מְטַהֵר.** דְּסָבַר לֹא חֲשִׁיבֵי כֵּלִים כְּלָל, וַאֲפִלּוּ כִּפְשׁוּטֵי כְּלֵי עֵץ לֹא הֲווּ. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שר' אליעזר מטהר (see Tractate Kelim, Chapter 10, Mishnah 5) – that he held that they are not considered utensils at all, and even if they are not like flat wooden utensils. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Eliezer.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:7:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:7:4)

**שֶׁחִתְּכוֹ חֻלְיוֹת.** שֶׁחִתְּכוֹ לַתַּנּוּר בְּרָחְבּוֹ לְחֻלְיוֹת וְהִנִּיחַ חֻלְיָא עַל גַּבֵּי חֻלְיָא וְנָתַן חֹל בֵּין חֻלְיָא לְחֻלְיָא, וְטָח אוֹתוֹ בְּטִיט וְעָשָׂה לוֹ טְפֵלָה שֶׁל טִיט סָבִיב לְעַבּוֹתוֹ לִשְׁמֹר חֻמּוֹ כַּדֶּרֶךְ שֶׁעוֹשִׂים לַתַּנּוּרִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שחתכו חוליות – they cut up the burned clay of the oven by its width into tiles and placed one tile on top of another, and placed sand in-between each tile, and plastered it with plaster/mud and made of it a paste of plaster surrounding its matting to guard its heat in the manner that people do for ovens.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:7:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:7:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:7:5)

**שֶׁרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר מְטַהֵר.** דְּכֵיוָן דְּיֵשׁ חֹל בֵּין הַסְּדָקִין, כְּשָׁבוּר דָּמֵי. וַחֲכָמִים מְטַמְּאִים, שֶׁהַטְּפֵלָה עוֹשָׂה אֶת כֻּלּוֹ אֶחָד וּמְחַבֶּרֶת אֶת הַסְּדָקִים, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיֵּשׁ חֹל בֵּין חֻלְיָא לְחֻלְיָא. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שרבי אליעזר מטהר – for since there is sand between the cracks, it is similar to as if it’s broken. And the Sages defile it for the plaster makes it all as one, and attaches the slits, even though there is sand between each tile. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Eliezer (Note: This dispute is the source text for the famous debate of the Oven of Akhnai found in Tractate Bava Metzia 59a).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:7:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:7:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:7:6)

**שֶׁמְּעַבְּרִין אֶת הַשָּׁנָה בְּכָל אֲדָר.** עַד עֶשְׂרִים וְתִשְׁעָה בַּאֲדָר יֵשׁ זְמַן לְבֵית דִּין לוֹמַר מְעֻבֶּרֶת הַשָּׁנָה, וְהַחֹדֶשׁ הַבָּא הוּא אֲדָר שֵׁנִי. אֲבָל בְּיוֹם שְׁלֹשִׁים לַאֲדָר אֵין יְכוֹלִים לְעַבֵּר אֶת הַשָּׁנָה, הוֹאִיל וְרָאוּי לְקָבְעוֹ נִיסָן, כַּמְפֹרָשׁ בִּפְסָחִים פֶּרֶק מָקוֹם שֶׁנָּהֲגוּ [דַּף נו]:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שמעברין את השנה בכל אדר – until the twenty-ninth of Adar, there is time for the Jewish court to state that it is a leap year, and that the next month is the Second Adar, but on the thirtieth day of Adar, one cannot intercalate the year, since it is appropriate to establish [the month of] Nisan, in the chapter of Tractate Pesahim 56a – “In the place where the practice existed” (chapter 4).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:7:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:7:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:7:7)

**עַל תְּנָאי.** אִם יִרְצֶה הַנָּשִׂיא תִּהְיֶה מְעֻבֶּרֶת וְאִם לָאו לֹא תִּהְיֶה מְעֻבֶּרֶת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
על תנאי – if the President [of the Sanhedrin} wishes that it would be intercalated and if not, it would not be intercalated.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:8:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:8:1)

**מוּסַף הַיּוֹרָה שֶׁל שׁוֹלְקֵי זֵיתִים.** דֶּרֶךְ שׁוֹלְקֵי זֵיתִים וְצַבָּעִים, שֶׁיֵּשׁ לָהֶם יוֹרוֹת גְּדוֹלוֹת, וְעוֹשִׂים לָהֶם תּוֹסֶפֶת טִיט עַל שְׂפָתָם שֶׁיַּעֲלוּ בָּהּ הַמַּיִם בְּעֵת רְתִיחָתָם. וְשֶׁל שׁוֹלְקֵי זֵיתִים טָמֵא, לְפִי שֶׁאוֹתָהּ תּוֹסֶפֶת צְרִיכָה לַכְּלִי וּמִשְׁתַּמְּשִׁין בָּהּ, וְהַתּוֹרָה אָמְרָה גַּבֵּי תַּנּוּר וְכִירַיִם (ויקרא יא) וּטְמֵאִים יִהְיוּ לָכֶם, וְדָרְשִׁינַן לָכֶם, כָּל שֶׁבְּצָרְכֵיכֶם, כְּלוֹמַר הַדָּבָר מִן הַכְּלִי שֶׁאַתֶּם צְרִיכִים לוֹ וּמִשְׁתַּמְּשִׁין בּוֹ הוּא שֶׁמְּקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מוסף היורה של שולקי זיתים – it is the manner of those who seethe olives and dyers who have large boilers and make for them additional plaster on their rims so that they will bring forth water at the time of their boiling. That of those who seethe olives is ritually impure, because that supplement is necessary for the utensil and it is used, and the Torah stated concerning the oven and portable stoves on feet (Leviticus 11:35): “an oven or stove shall be smashed. They are unclean and unclean they shall remain for you.” And they (i.e., the Rabbis) expound upon the word לכם/”for you,” everything that they need, that is a substance from the utensil that one you need it for and use it – that it receives defilement.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:8:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:8:2)

**וְשֶׁל צַבָּעִים טָהוֹר.** שֶׁאֵין הַצַּבָּעִים מִשְׁתַּמְּשִׁים בְּאוֹתָהּ תּוֹסֶפֶת לְפִי שֶׁיְּרֵאִים שֶׁמָּא יִפָּסֵד צִבְעָם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ושל צבעים טהור – for dyers do not use the same supplement since they are fearful lest they lose their color.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:9:1)

**עַל הַחֵרֶשֶׁת שֶׁהִשִּׂיאָהּ אָבִיהָ.** אַף עַל גַּב דְּהַוְיָא אֵשֶׁת אִישׁ גְּמוּרָה שֶׁהֲרֵי קִבֵּל אָבִיהָ קִדּוּשֶׁיהָ כְּשֶׁהִיא קְטַנָּה, אֲפִלּוּ הָכִי יוֹצְאָה בְּגֵט וּמְקַבֶּלֶת אֶת גִּטָּהּ כְּשֶׁהִיא חֵרֶשֶׁת, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין לָהּ דַּעַת, לְפִי שֶׁהָאִשָּׁה מִתְגָּרֶשֶׁת בְּעַל כָּרְחָהּ, הִלְכָּךְ לֹא בָּעִינַן דַּעְתָּהּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
על החרשת שהשיאה אבות (this section of the Mishnah is also taught in Tractate Gittin, Chapter 4, Mishnah 5; this part of the Mishnah is also taught in Tractate Yevamot, Chapter 14, Mishnah 2) – even though she is a completely married woman, for her father received her betrothal when she was a small girl/minor, even so, she is divorced with a Jewish bill of divorce, and she receives her Jewish bill of divorce when she is a deaf-mute, and even though she lacks knowledge, because a woman can be divorced against her will. Therefore, we do not require her knowledge.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:9:2)

**וְעַל קְטַנָּה בַת יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁנִּשֵּׂאת לְכֹהֵן.** וְהִיא יְתוֹמָה, דְּלֹא הָיוּ נִשּׂוּאֶיהָ אֶלָּא מִדְּרַבָּנָן, שֶׁאוֹכֶלֶת בַּתְּרוּמָה, דְּרַבָּנָן. וְלֹא גָזְרִינַן תְּרוּמָה דְרַבָּנָן אַטּוּ תְרוּמָה דְאוֹרַיְתָא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ועל קטנה בת ישראל שנשאת לכהן – and she is an orphan and her marriage was not other than from the Rabbis, and she eats priest’s due from the Rabbis and we don’t make the decree regarding priest’s due of the Rabbis because of the priest’s due of the Torah.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:9:3)

**מָרִישׁ.** קוֹרָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מריש – beam


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:9:4)

**בִּירָה.** בַּיִת גָּדוֹל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בירה – large house


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:9:5)

**מִפְּנֵי תַקָּנַת הַשָּׁבִים.** שֶׁאִם אַתָּה מַצְרִיכוֹ לְקַעְקֵעַ בִּירָתוֹ וּלְהַחֲזִיר מָרִישׁ עַצְמוֹ, יִמָּנַע מִלַּעֲשׂוֹת תְּשׁוּבָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מפני תקנת השבים – for if we would require him to take down the entire group of buildings and to return the beam itself, he might be prevented from repenting.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:9:6)

**שֶׁלֹּא נוֹדְעָה לָרַבִּים.** שֶׁהִיא גְּזוּלָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שלא נודעה לרבים – which is stolen


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:9:7)

**שֶׁהִיא מְכַפֶּרֶת.** וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא אַחֶרֶת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שהיא מכפרת – and there is no need to bring another.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot 7:9:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Eduyot/r/7:9:8)

**מִפְּנֵי תִקּוּן מִזְבֵּחַ.** שֶׁלֹּא יִהְיוּ כֹּהֲנִים עֲצֵבִים שֶׁאָכְלוּ חֻלִּין שֶׁנִּשְׁחֲטוּ בָּעֲזָרָה, וְנִמְצָא מִזְבֵּחַ בָּטֵל, שֶׁנִּמְנָעִים מִלַּעֲבֹד עֲבוֹדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מפני תיקון מזבח – the there would not be sad Kohanim when they ate non-sacred food that was slaughtered in the Temple courtyard. And it is found that the altar is void for they are prevented from performing the Divine Worship.