## Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim Chapter 1

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:1:1)

**הַחִטִּין וְהַזּוּנִין.** קוֹרִין לוֹ בַּעֲרָבִי זיוא"ן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
החטין והזונין (wheat and weed growing among wheat, darnel or rye-grass) – we call it ZIYUAN in Arabic.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:1:2)

**אֵינָן כִּלְאַיִם זֶה בָזֶה.** לְפִי שֶׁכְּשֶׁהִשְׁחִיתוּ דּוֹר הַמַּבּוּל אֶת דַּרְכָּם הָיְתָה הָאָרֶץ גַּם הִיא מַזְנָה אֶת פֵּרוֹתֶיהָ וְהָיוּ זוֹרְעִים חִטִּים וּמוֹצִיאָה זוּנִין, הִלְכָּךְ לֹא הֲוֵי כִּלְאַיִם עִם הַחִטִּים. אֲבָל עִם שְׁאָר מִינֵי תְבוּאָה הֲוֵי כִּלְאַיִם, וְאַף עַל גַּב דְּלֹא חֲזִי לְמַאֲכַל אָדָם, מִכָּל מָקוֹם כֵּיוָן שֶׁמּוֹלִיכִים אוֹתוֹ מִמָּקוֹם לְמָקוֹם לְמַאֲכַל יוֹנִים הֲווּ כִּלְאַיִם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אינן כלאים זה בזה – because when the generation of the Flood perverted their way, the land became degenerate in his produce for they (i.e., the people) would sow wheat and it would produce weeds, therefore, they were not the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants with the wheat. But with the rest of the kinds of grain, they would be the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants, and even though that it wasn’t appropriate for human consumption, nevertheless, since they bring it from place to place for the consumption of doves, they were the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants in the same field (i.e., כלאים).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:1:3)

**הַשְּׂעֹרִים וְשִׁבֹּלֶת שׁוּעָל.** כָּל הַשְּׁנוּיִם בַּמִּשְׁנָה זוּג זוּג אֵינָם כִּלְאַיִם זֶה בָזֶה, אֶחָד מִזּוּג זֶה וְאֶחָד מִזּוּג זֶה הֵם כִּלְאַיִם זֶה בָזֶה. וְהָא דְאָמְרִינַן בִּמְנָחוֹת [דַּף ט.] הַכֻּסְּמִין מִין חִטִּים וְשִׁיפוֹן מִין שְׂעוֹרִים, הַנֵּי מִילֵי לְעִנְיַן חַלָּה שֶׁמִּצְטָרְפִין זֶה עִם זֶה לְשִׁעוּר חַלָּה, אֲבָל לְעִנְיַן כִּלְאַיִם הֲווּ כִּלְאַיִם זֶה בָזֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
השעורים ושבולת שועל – all that is taught in this Mishnah, pair by pair are not the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants in the same field with each other, [but] one from this pair and one from that pair are the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants in the same field with each other. And that which we stated in [Tractate] Menahot [9a] that the spelt is a species of wheat and rye is a species of barley, these words, as regards Hallah that combine one with the other for the measurement of Hallah, but concerning the issue of the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants, they would be the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants with each other.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:1:4)

**וְשִׁבֹּלֶת שׁוּעָל.** שְׂעוֹרִים מִדְבָּרִיִּים וּבְלַעַ"ז אוינ"א:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ושבולת שועל – desert barley and in the foreign tongue, OYNAH.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:1:5)

**כֻּסְמִין.** בִּלְשׁוֹן לַעַ"ז אספילט"א:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
כוסמין (spelt) – In the foreign tongue ASPILTAH.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:1:6)

**שִׁיפוֹן.** בְּלַעַ"ז סיגל"א. וּמִשּׁוּם דְּכֻסְמִין וְשִׁיפוֹן דָּמוּ לַהֲדָדֵי אֵינָם כִּלְאַיִם זֶה בָזֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
שיפון (rye; some say oats) – in the foreign tongue, SIGLAH, but because spelt and rye [or oats] are similar to each other they are not the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants in the same field with each other.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:1:7)

**וְהַסַּפִּיר.** יֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים ציצרקל"א בְּלַעַ"ז. וְרַמְבַּ"ם פֵּרֵשׁ שֶׁקּוֹרִין לוֹ בַּעֲרָבִי מא"ש:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
והספיר (name of a species of beans) – there are those who say that it is TZITZERKALA in the foreign tongue. But Maimonides explained that we call it MA’AS in Arabic.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:1:8)

**הַפֻּרְקְדָן.** רַמְבַּ"ם פֵּרֵשׁ שֶׁהוּא זֶרַע דַּק שֶׁקּוֹרִין לוֹ בַּעֲרָבִי גילבא"ן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
הפורקדן (species of peas) – Maimonides explained that it is thin seed that we call GILBAN In Arabic.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:1:9)

**וְטֹפֵחַ.** הוּא קִטְנִית שֶׁגַּרְגְּרָיו עֲגֻלִּים לְבָנִים וְקוֹרִין לוֹ קורטמא"ן. וַאֲנִי שָׁמַעְתִּי שֶׁטֹּפֵחַ הוּא שֶׁקּוֹרִין לוֹ גילבא"ן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
וטופח (bean) – it is a small legume whose berries are round and we call it KORTEMAN, but I heard that טופח is what they call GILBAN (i.e., a species of bean/pea).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:10
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:1:10)

**וְהַשְּׁעוּעִית.** קוֹרִין לָהּ בַּעֲרָבִי לוביא"ה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
והשעועית (species of bean, kidney-bean) we call it LOBIAH in Arabic.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:11
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:1:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:1:11)

**אֵינָם כִּלְאַיִם זֶה בָזֶה.** אִם זָרַע כָּל אֶחָד עִם בֶּן זוּגוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אינם כלאים זה בזה- if he sowed each of them with its partner.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:2:1)

**הַקִּשּׁוּת.** קִשּׁוּאִין שֶׁקּוֹרִין בַּעֲרָבִי פאקו"ס וּבְלַעַ"ז קוקומברו"ש:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
הקישות (chatmelon)– cucumbers that they call them PAKKUS in Arabic and KOKKOMBROSH in the foreign language.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:2:2)

**וְהַמְּלָפְפוֹנוֹת.** נִקְרָאִים בַּעֲרָבִי כייא"ר וּבְלַעַ"ז ציטרול"י:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
והמלפפונות (yellow mellon) – they are called KIYYAR in Arabic and TZITROLI in the foreign tongue.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:2:3)

**רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר כִּלְאָיִם.** וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
רבי יהודה אומר – but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:2:4)

**חֲזֶרֶת וַחֲזֶרֶת גַּלִּים.** הַחַסָּא הַגְּדֵלָה בַּגַּנִּים וְחַסָּא הַגְּדֵלָה בֶּהָרִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
חזרת וחזרת גלים - the lettuce that grows in the garden and the lettuce that grows in the mountains.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:2:5)

**עֻלְשִׁים.** שֶׁל גַּנִּים וְעֻלְשֵׁי שָׂדֶה, וְנִקְרָאִים בַּעֲרָבִי הנדב"י:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
עולשים (endives) – of gardens and wild/field endives and they are called HENDBEE In Arabic.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:2:6)

**כְּרֵשִׁין.** שֶׁל גִּנָּה וּכְרֵשֵׁי שָׂדֶה, וְהֵם הַנִּקְרָאִים בַּעֲרָבִי כורא"ת וּבְלַעַ"ז פורו"ש:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
כרישין (leeks) – of gardens and leeks of the field and hey are called KORAT in Arabic and POROISH in the foreign tongue.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:2:7)

**כֻּסְבָּר.** כָּךְ שְׁמוֹ בַּעֲרָבִי כוליינדר"ו בְּלַעַ"ז. תַּרְגּוּם יְרוּשַׁלְמִי כְּזֶרַע גַּד, כְּבַר זְרַע כֻּסְבַּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
כוסבר (coriander) – that is its name in Arabic, KULIANDRO in the foreign tongue. The Jerusalem Targum (quoting Exodus 16:31): “[The house of Israel named it manna;] it was like coriander seed, [white and it tasted like wafers in honey],” like the prairie (i.e., wild) seed of coriander.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:2:8)

**וְהָרְמוּצָה.** דְּלַעַת מָרָה שֶׁמְּמַתְּקִים אוֹתָהּ בְּרֶמֶץ כְּלוֹמַר בְּאֵפֶר חַם שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ רִשְׁפֵי אֵשׁ לְפִיכָךְ קוֹרִין לָהּ רְמוּצָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
והרמוצה – a bitter gourd (i.e., a general name for cucumbers and pumpkins) that we sweeten it in hot ashes, that is to say, in hot ashes that have in it flames/sparks of fire, therefore we call it רמוצה .


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:2:9)

**וּפוֹל הַמִּצְרִי.** פאסול"י בְּלַעַ"ז:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ופול המצרין – PASULI in the foreign language.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:10
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:2:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:2:10)

**וְהֶחָרוּב.** מִין קִטְנִית, וְקוֹרִין לוֹ חָרוּב לְפִי שֶׁתַּרְמִילָיו שֶׁהַזֶּרַע בְּתוֹכוֹ הֵן דַּקִּין וַעֲקֻמִּין כְּחָרוּבִין, וְהוּא מִמִּין פּוֹל הַמִּצְרִי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
והחרוב (carob) – a kind of legume, and we call it a carob because of the pod that the seed within are thin and curved like the carobs and it is of the species of the Egyptian bean.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:3:1)

**וְהַנָּפוּץ.** הוּא מִין צְנוֹן וְעָלָיו דּוֹמִים לַעֲלֵי הַלֶּפֶת, הִלְכָּךְ לֹא הֲווּ כִּלְאַיִם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
והנפוץ (a kind of radish, resembling the carrot as to foliage, and the radish as to its taste) – it is species of radish and its leaves are similar to the leaves of a turnip, therefore it does not have the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants in the same field with each other.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:3:2)

**וְהַתְּרוֹבְתוֹר.** מִין כְּרוּב שֶׁקְּלָחִים שֶׁלּוֹ דַּקִּים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
והתרובתור – a species of cabbage whose stalks are thin.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:3:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:3:3)

**תְּרָדִין.** בַּעֲרָבִי סִילְקָ"א וּבְלַעַ"ז בליט"י:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
תרדין (a species of beet) – in Arabic SILKA, and in the foreign language BLITI.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:3:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:3:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:3:4)

**לְעוּנִין.** בַּעֲרָבִי קט"ף וּבְלַעַ"ז ארמולא"ש:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
לעונין (garden orache) – in Arabic KATAF and in the foreign tongue ARMULASH..


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:3:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:3:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:3:5)

**הַשּׁוּמָנִית.** שׁוּם מִדְבָּרִי וְהוּא קָטָן מִן הַשּׁוּם הַגָּדֵל בַּגַּנִּים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
השומנית – desert garlic and it is smaller than the garlic that grows in gardens.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:3:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:3:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:3:6)

**בְּצַלְצוּל.** בָּצָל מִדְבָּרִי קָטָן מִשְּׁאָר בְּצָלִים לְפִיכָךְ נִקְרָא בְּצַלְצוּל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
בצלצול – a desert onion that is smaller than the rest of the onions, therefore it is called בצלצול.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:3:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:3:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:3:7)

**פְּלַסְלוֹס.** מִין תֻּרְמוֹס הוּא. וְתֻרְמוֹס מִין קִטְנִית יָדוּעַ מַר מְאֹד שֶׁשּׁוֹלְקִים אוֹתוֹ שֶׁבַע פְּעָמִים וְאוֹכְלִים אוֹתוֹ בְּקִנּוּחַ סְעֻדָּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
פלסלוס (a sort of lupine) – it is a species of lupine/תורמוס and the lupine is a species of known pulse/beans that is very bitter that they seethe/boil it seven times and eat it as a dessert.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:4:1)

**אֲגָסִים.** בַּעֲרָבִי אגא"ס וּבְלַעַ"ז פירא"ש:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אגסים – in Arabic GAS and in the foreign language PREASH.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:4:2)

**קְרוּסְטוּמֵלִין.** מִין אֲגָסִים קְטַנִּים הַדּוֹמִים לַעֲפָצִים שֶׁקּוֹרִין מִילִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
קרוסטומלין (Crustumenian pear – red on one side) – it is of the species of small pears that are similar to gall-nuts that we call a species of oak from which the gall-nut is collected.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:4:3)

**פָּרִישִׁים.** הֵם חֲבוּשִׁים, בַּעֲרָבִי ספרג"ל וּבְלַעַ"ז קודוניי"ש:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
פרישים - they are quince, SPERGEL in Arabic and KODONISH in the foreign language.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:4:4)

**עֻזְרָדִים.** בַּעֲרָבִי זערו"ד וּבְלַעַ"ז סורבא"ש:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
עוזרדים (crab-apple/sorb-apple) – in Arabic ZAAROD and in the foreign language SORBASH.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:4:5)

**חַזְרָד.** תַּפּוּחַ יְעָרִי, תַּרְגּוּם וְכַפְתּוֹר וְחִיזָר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
חזרד (crab-apple; similar yet heterogeneous to apple) – a forest apple, it is the Aramaic of an ornament of the candlestick in the shape of a pomegranate that is prickly/thorny.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:4:6)

**אֲפַרְסְקִים.** בְּלַעַ"ז פירשאג"ס, וּכְשֶׁהֵן קְטַנִּים דּוֹמִין לִשְׁקֵדִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אפרסקים (peaches) – in the foreign language PIRASHAGAS, which are small and similar to almonds.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:4:7)

**שִׁזָּפִין.** הִרְכִּיב זֵיתִים עַל רִמּוֹן נָפֵיק מִנְּהוֹן שִׁזָּפִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
שזפין (jujubes) – he engrafts olives on the pomegranates, and jujubes come out from them.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:4:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:4:8)

**רִימִין.** בֶּעָרוּךְ פֵּרֵשׁ פולצדקא"י בְּלַעַ"ז:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
רימין (lote/wild jujubes) – In the Arukh, it explains PULTADKAI – in the foreign language.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:5:1)

**הַצְּנוֹן וְהַנָּפוּץ.** אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהַפְּרִי וְהֶעָלִים דּוֹמִין זֶה לָזֶה הֵן כִּלְאַיִם זֶה בָזֶה לְפִי שֶׁאֵין טַעַם הַפְּרִי דּוֹמֶה, שֶׁהָלְכוּ בָּזֶה אַחַר טַעַם הַפְּרִי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
הצנון והנפוץ (a radish and a kind of radish) – even though the fruit and he leaves ae similar one to another, they are a forbidden junction of heterogenous plants to each other [in the same field] because the taste of the fruit is not similar for in this they went after the taste of the fruit.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:5:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:5:2)

**לַפְסָן.** פֵּרֵשׁ בֶּעָרוּךְ מרוי"ו בְּלַעַ"ז:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
לפסן (charlock, a plant resembling the mustard plant) – in the Arukh it is expressed MARVIV in the foreign language.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:6:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:6:1)

**כֶּלֶב כֻּפְרִי.** כֶּלֶב שֶׁמְּגַדְּלִים בְּנֵי הַכְּפָרִים וְהוּא קָטָן וְדוֹמֶה לְשׁוּעָל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
כלב כופרי – a dog that the people of villages raise and he is small and similar to a fox.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:6:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:6:2)

**הַיְּעֵלִים.** מִין חַיָּה, וְאַקּוֹ מְתַרְגְּמִין וְיַעֲלָא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
היעלים (mountain-goat, wild goat) – a species of wild life and ibex/ is translated in Aramaic as a wild/mountain goat.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:6:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:6:3)

**עָרוֹד.** חֲמוֹר הַבַּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ערוד – the prairie donkey.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:7:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:7:1)

**אֵין מְבִיאִין אִילָן בְּאִילָן.** אֵין מַרְכִּיבִין אִילַן מַאֲכָל בְּאִילַן מַאֲכָל מִין בְּשֶׁאֵינוֹ מִינוֹ, אוֹ אִילַן סְרַק בְּאִילַן מַאֲכָל, אֲבָל אִילַן סְרַק בְּאִילַן סְרַק כֵּיוָן שֶׁאֵין שׁוּם אֶחָד מֵהֶם עוֹשֶׂה פְּרִי, כְּמִין אֶחָד חָשׁוּב וְשָׁרֵי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אין מביאין אילן באילן – we don’t engraft a tree with edible fruit with another tree of edible fruit of one type mixed with another, or a tree that bears no fruit with a tree with edible fruit, but a tree that bears no fruit with another tree that bears no fruit, because not a single one of them makes [edible] fruit is considered like one species and it is permitted.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:7:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:7:2)

**יָרָק בְּיָרָק.** מִין שֶׁאֵינוֹ מִינוֹ:


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:7:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:7:3)

**רַבִּי יְהוּדָה מַתִּיר יָרָק בְּאִילָן.** וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
רבי יהודה מתיר ירק באילן – but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:8:1)

**שִׁקְמָה.** אִילַן תְּאֵנָה שֶׁגָּדֵל בַּיְעָרִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
שקמה – a fig tree that grows in forests.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:8:2)

**סַדָּן שֶׁל שִׁקְמָה.** לְאַחַר שֶׁנֶּחְתַּךְ וְנִשְׁאֲרוּ שָׁרָשָׁיו בָּאָרֶץ נִקְרָא סַדָּן, וְאֵין נוֹטְעִין יָרָק לְתוֹכוֹ דַּהֲוֵי יָרָק בְּאִילָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
סדן של שקמה – after it was cut off and there remained in the ground its roots it is called סדן/trunk . But we don’t plant a vegetable into it for it would be [engrafting] a vegetable onto a tree.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:8:3)

**פֵּיגָם.** עֵשֶׂב שֶׁקּוֹרִין לוֹ רוד"א בְּלַעַ"ז:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
פיגם (the herb rue) – a grass that we call it RODA in the foreign language.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:8:4)

**קִדָּה.** מִין אִילָן שֶׁל בְּשָׂמִים תַּרְגּוּם קִדָּה קְצִיעָה, וּכְתִיב (תהלים מה) מֹר וַאֲהָלוֹת קְצִיעוֹת כָּל בִּגְדֹתֶיךָ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
קידה (bark of a tree called cassia) – it is species of tree of spices; the Aramaic translation of קדה is קציעה/an aromatic bark, an ingredient of frankincense, and it is written (Psalms 45:9): “All your robes [are fragrant] with myrrh and aloes and cassia.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:8:5)

**חֲצוּב.** מִין יָרָק שֶׁשָּׁרָשָׁיו יוֹרְדִים בְּעֹמֶק הָאָרֶץ בְּיֹשֶׁר וְאֵינָם נוֹטִים לְכָאן וּלְכָאן, וּבוֹ תִּחֵם יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אֶת הָאָרֶץ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
חצוב (a shrubby plant with deep and straight roots, used for hedges to mark boundaries/cistus) – a species of vegetable whose roots go straight down into the depth of the earth and they do not turn to this way or that, and through it Joshua marked the limits of the Land [of Canaan] (see Talmud Bava Batra 56a).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:8:6)

**מְקֵרוֹ.** לְשׁוֹן קֹר שֶׁתְּהֵא הַתְּאֵנָה מְקָרֶרֶת הַחֲצוּב שֶׁהוּא חַם בְּיוֹתֵר. פֵּרוּשׁ אַחַר שֶׁתִּהְיֶה עָלָיו לְצֵל לְשׁוֹן קוֹרָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
מקירו – the language of cold/cooling that the fig cools off the cistus which is hotter. Another explanation: that its leaves will be shade, the language of cooling/קורה .


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:8:7)

**מֵימֶיהָ לְתוֹכָהּ.** שֶׁהָאֲבַטִּיחַ לַח וּמָלֵא מַיִם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
מימיו לתוכה – for the watermelon is moist and filled with water.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:8:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:8:8)

**חַלָּמִית.** בַּעֲרָבִי כובוז"א וּבְלַעַ"ז מלוו"א:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
חלמית (mucilaginous juice of mallows – used for he preservation of gourd seed) – in Arabic KUBUZA and in the foreign tongue MALUVA.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:9:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:9:1)

**הַטּוֹמֵן לֶפֶת וּצְנוֹנוֹת.** כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּהְיוּ נִשְׁמָרִים תַּחַת הַקַּרְקַע, שֶׁלֹּא כְדֶרֶךְ שְׁתִילָה, גַּלֵּי דַעְתֵּיהּ שֶׁאֵינוֹ רוֹצֶה בְּהַשְׁרָשָׁתָן, כְּגוֹן שֶׁטָּמַן אֲגֻדָּה שֶׁל לֶפֶת וַאֲגֻדָּה שֶׁל צְנוֹנוֹת יַחַד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
הטומן לפת וצנונות (who hides/buries turnips or radishes) – in order that they be protected under the ground which is not the manner of planting, he revealed his intention that he has no interest in their taking root, as for example, that he buries a bunch of turnips or a bunch of radishes together.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:9:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:9:2)

**אִם הָיוּ מִקְצָת עָלִין מְגֻלִּין.** מִשּׁוּם שַׁבָּת נָקְטֵיהּ, דְּאִם הָיוּ כָּל הֶעָלִין מְכֻסִּין אִי אֶפְשָׁר לִטֹּל אִם לֹא שֶׁיָּזִיז עָפָר בְּיָדַיִם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אם היו מקצת עליו מגולין – it (i.e., the Mishnah) took this because of [the laws of] Shabbat, but if all of the leaves were covered, it would be impossible to take it if he didn’t move the dirt with his hands.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:9:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:9:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:9:3)

**לֹא מִשּׁוּם כִּלְאַיִם וְלֹא מִשּׁוּם שְׁבִיעִית.** לֹא מִשּׁוּם זוֹרֵעַ כִּלְאַיִם וְלֹא מִשּׁוּם זוֹרֵעַ בַּשְּׁבִיעִית. אִי נַמִּי אֲפִלּוּ הוֹסִיף מָאתַיִם מִשּׁוּם כִּלְאַיִם שָׁרֵי דְּלָאו דֶּרֶךְ זְרִיעָה [הוּא], וְאִם הָיָה מִשִּׁשִּׁית וְנִכְנְסוּ לַשְּׁבִיעִית וְהוֹצִיאוּ סְפִיחִים כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁמּוֹסִיפִים הַבְּצָלִים בַּתָּלוּשׁ, אֵין בָּהֶם מִשּׁוּם סְפִיחֵי שְׁבִיעִית:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
לא משום כלאים ולא משום שביעית – not because of sowing the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants in the same field and not because of sowing during the Sabbatical year [of rest]. Alternatively, even if he added two hundred because of the forbidden junction of heterogeneous plants in the same field, it is permitted, for [this] is not the manner of sowing, but if it was in the from the sixth [year] and entering into the Seventh Year, and they removed the after-growths in the manner that they add the onions into that which is detached from the ground, they don’t have anything because of the Seventh-year after-growths.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:9:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:9:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:9:4)

**וְלֹא מִשּׁוּם מַעַשְׂרוֹת.** אֵינוֹ חַיָּב לְעַשֵּׂר כְּשֶׁיִּתְלוֹשׁ אוֹתָם מִמָּקוֹם שֶׁהִטְמִינָם, דִּכְתִיב (ויקרא כז) וְכָל מַעְשַׂר הָאָרֶץ מִזֶּרַע הָאָרֶץ, וְהַאי לָאו זְרִיעָה הִיא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ולא משום מעשרות – he is not required to tithe when he detached them from the place that he hid them, as it is written (Leviticus 27:30): “All tithes from the land, whether seed from the ground [or fruit from the tree, are the LORD’s], but this is not sowing.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:9:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:9:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:9:5)

**וְנִטָּלִים בְּשַׁבָּת.** דְּכִתְלוּשִׁים דָּמוּ, וְאוֹחֵז בֶּעָלִים הַמְגֻלִּים וּמוֹצִיאָן. וְאַף עַל גַּב דְּמֵזִיז עָפָר מִמְּקוֹמוֹ, טִלְטוּל מִן הַצַּד לְצֹרֶךְ דְּבַר הֶתֵּר וְאֵינוֹ נוֹגֵעַ בַּדָּבָר הָאָסוּר מֻתָּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
וניטלים בשבת – for they are [considered] like that which is detached [from the ground,” and he holds on to the revealed leaves and removes them. But even though that he moves the dirt from its place, it is carrying from the side for the needs of something permitted and it doesn’t touch that which is prohibited is permitted.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:9:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Kilayim 1:9:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Kilayim/r/1:9:6)

**עַד שֶׁיִּהְיוּ שְׁנֵי חִטִּים וּשְׂעוֹרָה.** טַעֲמָא דְרַבִּי יְהוּדָה מִשּׁוּם דִּכְתִיב (ויקרא יט) שָׂדְךָ לֹא תִזְרַע כִּלְאָיִם, וְסָבַר דְּקַרְקַע בְּלֹא זֶרַע לֹא אִקְּרֵי שָׂדֶה, וּמַשְׁמַע לֹא תִזְרַע כִּלְאַיִם בַּהֲדֵי שָׂדְךָ שֶׁנִּזְרַע כְּבָר. וְכֵן (דברים כב) לֹא תִזְרַע כַּרְמְךָ כִּלְאָיִם, לֹא תִזְרַע כִּלְאַיִם דְּהַיְנוּ שְׁנֵי מִינֵי זְרָעִים בַּהֲדֵי כַּרְמְךָ, וְלֹא מְחַיֵּב בְּכִלְאֵי הַכֶּרֶם עַד שֶׁיִּזְרַע חִטָּה וּשְׂעוֹרָה וְחַרְצָן בְּמַפֹּלֶת יָד. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה. דְּקַרְקַע אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינָהּ זְרוּעָה קָרוּי שָׂדֶה, אֲבָל אֵינוֹ קָרוּי כֶּרֶם בְּלֹא חַרְצָן, הִלְכָּךְ הַזּוֹרֵעַ חִטָּה וּשְׂעוֹרָה כְּאֶחָד חַיָּב מִשּׁוּם כִּלְאֵי זְרָעִים, וְאֵינוֹ חַיָּב מִשּׁוּם כִּלְאֵי הַכֶּרֶם עַד שֶׁיִּזְרַע חִטָּה וּשְׂעוֹרָה וְחַרְצָן בְּמַפֹּלֶת יָד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
עד שיהיו שני חטים ושעורה – The reason of Rabbi Yehuda is because as it is written (Leviticus 19:19): “you shall not sow your field with two kinds of seed,” and he holds that land without seed is not called a field, and that implies that you shall not sow with two kinds of seeds while your field is already sown, and similarly, (Deuteronomy 22:9): “you shall not sow your vineyard with a second kind of seed,” you shall not sow two kinds of seeds – which are two kinds of seeds together with your vineyard and you are not liable for food crops in a vineyard until he sows wheat and barley and/or shells of grapes strewing the seed with one’s hand. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda. For land, even though it is not sown is called a field, but it is not called a vineyard without shells of grapes, therefore, a person who sows wheat and barley together is liable for the prohibited mixture of seeds, but is not liable for [prohibited] food crops in a vineyard until he sows wheat and barley and the pomace of grapes strewing the seed with one’s hand.