## Bartenura on Mishnah Middot Chapter 1

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:1:1)

**בִּשְׁלֹשָׁה מְקוֹמוֹת הַכֹּהֲנִים שׁוֹמְרִים.** לֹא מִפְּנֵי פַּחַד לִסְטִים וְגַנָּבִים, אֶלָּא שֶׁכָּבוֹד וּגְדֻלָּה הוּא לַבַּיִת שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא בְּלֹא שׁוֹמְרִים, וּשְׁמִירָה זוֹ מִצְוָתָהּ כָּל הַלַּיְלָה. וְהָנֵי שְׁלֹשָׁה מְקוֹמוֹת שֶׁהַכֹּהֲנִים שׁוֹמְרִים, כְּנֶגֶד מַה שֶּׁכָּתוּב בַּתּוֹרָה (במדבר ג) וְהַחוֹנִים לִפְנֵי הַמִּשְׁכָּן קֵדְמָה וְגוֹ'‏ שֹׁמְרִים מִשְׁמֶרֶת כוּ'‏ לְמִשְׁמֶרֶת, רֶמֶז לִשְׁלֹשָׁה מִשְׁמָרוֹת בִּשְׁלֹשָׁה מְקוֹמוֹת. וּכְשֵׁם שֶׁבַּמִּשְׁכָּן הָיוּ אַהֲרֹן וּשְׁנֵי בָּנָיו שׁוֹמְרִים בִּשְׁלֹשָׁה מְקוֹמוֹת, אַף בְּבֵית עוֹלָמִים כֵּן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בשלשה מקומות הכהנים שומרים – not because of fear of robbers and/or thieves, but that of the honor and splendor for the Temple, that it should not be without guards, and this guarding, its commandment is the entire night. And these three places that the Kohanim guard correspond to what is written in the Torah (Numbers 3:38): “Those who were to camp before the Tabernacle, in front – [before the Tent of Meeting, on the east – were Moses and Aaron and his sons,] attending to the duties of the sanctuary, as a duty on behalf of the Israelites,” as a hint to three watches in three places. For just as that in the Tabernacle, Aaron and his two sons were guarding in three places, even so in the Temple as well.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:1:2)

**בֵּית אַבְטִינָס וּבֵית הַנִּיצוֹץ.** שְׁתֵּי עֲלִיּוֹת הָיוּ בְּנוּיוֹת בְּצַד שַׁעֲרֵי הָעֲזָרָה. וּבֵית הַמּוֹקֵד לֹא הָיְתָה עֲלִיָּה אֶלָּא כִּפָּה, ארקוול"ט בְּלַעַ"ז, עֲשׂוּיָה בָּאָרֶץ, כָּךְ מְפֹרָשׁ בְּרֵישׁ מַסֶּכֶת תָּמִיד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בית אבטינס ובית הניצוץ – two upper chambers were built on the side of the gates of the Temple courtyard, but the House of the Hearth was not upon it, but rather an arch , ARKVELT in the foreign tongue, which was made in the land, such was explained at the beginning of the Tractate Tamid (1:1).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:1:3)

**וְהַלְּוִיִּם בְּעֶשְׂרִים וְאֶחָד מָקוֹם.** שֶׁבְּעֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבָּעָה מְקוֹמוֹת הָיוּ צְרִיכִים לִשְׁמֹר הַמִּקְדָּשׁ. כְּדִכְתִיב בְּדִבְרֵי הַיָּמִים, לְמִזְרַח הַלְוִיִּם שִׁשָּׁה, לִצְפוֹנָהּ לְיוֹם אַרְבָּעָה, לְנֶגְבָּהּ לְיוֹם אַרְבָּעָה, וְלָאֲסוּפִים שְׁנַיִם שְׁנַיִם, לְפַרְבָר לַמַּעֲרָב אַרְבָּעָה לַמְּסִלָּה, שְׁנַיִם לְפַרְבָר, הֲרֵי כָּאן עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבָּעָה מִשְׁמָרוֹת, שְׁלֹשָׁה מֵהֶן הָיוּ לַכֹּהֲנִים כְּדַאֲמַרַן בְּרֵישָׁא, וְעֶשְׂרִים וְאֶחָד לַלְוִיִּם. וְאַף עַל גַּב דִּקְרָא לֹא אָמַר אֶלָּא לְוִיִּם, כֹּהֲנִים נַמִּי קְרוּיִין לְוִיִּם, דִּכְתִיב (יחזקאל מד) וְהַכֹּהֲנִים הַלְוִיִּם בְּנֵי צָדוֹק:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והלוים בעשרים ואחד מקום – that in twenty-four places they would need to guard the Temple, as it is written in [First] Chronicles [26:17-18): “At the east – six Levites; at the north – four daily; at the south – four daily; at the vestibule – two by two; at the colonnade on the west – four at the causeway and two at the colonnade,” that makes here twenty-four divisions of duty/watches, three of them were Kohanim as we stated in the opening clause [of the Mishnah], and twenty-one of them were Levites. But even though that Scripture did not state anything other than Levites, Kohanim are also called Levites , as it is written (Ezekiel 44:15): “But the Levitical priests descended from Zadok [who maintained the service of My Sanctuary when the people of Israel went astray from Me – they shall approach Me to minister to Me.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:1:4)

**חֲמִשָּׁה.** שׁוֹמְרִים, עַל חֲמִשָּׁה שַׁעֲרֵי הַר הַבַּיִת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חמשה – guards at the five gates of the Temple Mount.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:1:5)

**וְאַרְבָּעָה.** שׁוֹמְרִים אֲחֵרִים עַל אַרְבַּע פִּנּוֹתָיו:


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:1:6)

**מִתּוֹכוֹ.** מִבִּפְנִים לְחוֹמַת הַר הַבַּיִת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מתוכו – from inside to the walls of the Temple Mount.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:1:7)

**עַל חֲמִשָּׁה שַׁעֲרֵי עֲזָרָה.** הַאי תַּנָּא סָבַר חֲמִשָּׁה שְׁעָרִים בִּלְבַד הָיוּ לָעֲזָרָה. וַאֲפִלּוּ לְדִבְרֵי הָאוֹמֵר לְקַמָּן שִׁבְעָה שְׁעָרִים הָיוּ, מוֹדֶה שֶׁלֹּא הָיָה מִשְׁמָר אֶלָּא עַל חֲמִשָּׁה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
על חמשה שערי עזרה – this Tanna/teacher holds that there are only five gates for the Temple courtyards But even according to the one who states further on (see Tractate Middot, Chapter 1, Mishnah and Tractate Tamid 27a), he admits that there wasn’t a division of duty/guard other than on five [gates of the Temple courtyard – that the House of the Flame and the House of the Hearlth were watched by Kohanim or that the gates that were in the middle of the north and the south didn’t require special guarding, as they were guarded by those at the first and third gates].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:1:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:1:8)

**עַל אַרְבַּע פִּנּוֹתֶיהָ מִבַּחוּץ.** לְפִי שֶׁאֵין יְשִׁיבָה בַּעֲזָרָה אֶלָּא לְמַלְכֵי בֵּית דָּוִד בִּלְבַד, וְלֹא הָיָה אֶפְשָׁר לַשּׁוֹמֵר לִשְׁמֹר בַּעֲמִידָה כָּל הַלַּיְלָה, לְפִיכָךְ הָיוּ הַשּׁוֹמְרִים בְּפִנּוֹת הָעֲזָרָה וְכֵן הַשּׁוֹמְרִים בְּשַׁעֲרֵי הָעֲזָרָה שׁוֹמְרִים מִבַּחוּץ, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּהְיוּ מֻתָּרִין בִּישִׁיבָה. וְאַסְמְכוּהָ אַקְּרָא, דִּכְתִיב שְׁנַיִם לְפַרְבָר, כְּלַפֵּי בָּר, כְּלוֹמַר חוּץ לְחוֹמַת הָעֲזָרָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
על ארבע פנותיה מבחוץ – because there is no sitting in the Temple courtyard other than for only the kings of the House of David, and it was not possible for a guard to watch while standing all the night, therefore, the guards were in the corners of the Temple courtyard, and similarly, the guards in the gates of the Temple courtyard would guard from outside, in order that they would be permitted while sitting, and the Scriptural verse (First Chronicles 26:18) esd used as a support (i.e., they leaned their enactment against a Biblical text) – as it is written: “two at the colonnade,” towards the outside, meaning to say, outside the wall of the Temple courtyard.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:2:1)

**אִישׁ הַר הַבַּיִת.** מְמֻנֶּה עַל כָּל הַשּׁוֹמְרִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
איש הר הבית – appointed over all of the guards. [The story is told in Tractate Yoma 16a that Rabbi Eliezer ben Yaakov, the first of two Tannaim of such a name, who was the friend of Rabbi Eliezer the Great/ben Hyrcanus – was the Tanna who taught Tractate Middot.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:3:1)

**מְשַׁמְּשִׁין כְּנִיסָה וִיצִיאָה.** שֶׁבָּהֶן הָיוּ נִכְנָסִין וְיוֹצְאִים לְהַר הַבַּיִת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
משמשים כניסה ויציאה – that through them they would enter and leave the Temple Mount.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:3:2)

**קִיפוֹנוֹס מִן הַמַּעֲרָב.** שַׁעַר שֶׁל הַר הַבַּיִת שֶׁבְּצַד מַעֲרָב קִיפוֹנוֹס שְׁמוֹ, וְשֶׁל צָפוֹן טָדִי שְׁמוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
קינפונוס מן מערב – the gate of the Temple Mount that is on the western side Kiponos is its name, and of the north Tadi is its name.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:3:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:3:3)

**עָלָיו שׁוּשַׁן הַבִּירָה צוּרָה.** כְּשֶׁעָלוּ מִן הַגּוֹלָה צִוּוּ לָהֶם מַלְכֵי פָּרַס לְצַיֵּר צוּרַת שׁוּשַׁן הַבִּירָה עַל שַׁעֲרֵי הַבַּיִת, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּהְיֶה לָהֶם מוֹרָא מַלְכוּת, וְצִיְּרוּהוּ בְּשַׁעַר הַמִּזְרָח:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
עליו שושן הבירה צורה – when they (i.e., the exiled Jews in Babylonia) went up from the Diaspora, the Kings of Persia commanded them to draw the form of Shushan the capitol on the gates of the temple, in order that there would be fear of the kingdom, and they drew it in the Eastern Gate.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:3:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:3:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:3:4)

**כֹּהֵן גָּדוֹל הַשּׂוֹרֵף אֶת הַפָּרָה.** מַתְנִיתִין רַבִּי מֵאִיר הִיא דְּסָבַר אֵין פָּרָה אֲדֻמָּה נִשְׂרֶפֶת אֶלָּא בְּכֹהֵן גָּדוֹל. וְאֵינָהּ הֲלָכָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כהן גדול השורף את הפרה – Our Mishnah is [according to] Rabbi Meir who holds that the Red Heifer is not burned other by the High Priest. But it is not Halakha (see Tractate Parah, Chapter 4, Mishnah 1).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:3:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:3:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:3:5)

**וְכָל מְסַעֲדֶיהָ.** כָּל הַכֹּהֲנִים הַמְסַיְּעִים וְסוֹעֲדִים לַכֹּהֵן הַשּׂוֹרֵף אוֹתָהּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וכל מסעדיה (and all its attendants) – all of the Kohanim who are assisting and supporting the Kohen who burns it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:3:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:3:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:3:6)

**לְהַר הַמִּשְׁחָה.** לְהַר הַזֵּיתִים שֶׁהוּא בְּמִזְרָחוֹ שֶׁל יְרוּשָׁלַיִם, שָׁם הָיוּ שׂוֹרְפִין אֶת הַפָּרָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
להר המשחה – to the Mount of Olives which is to the east of Jerusalem, there they would burn the [red] heifer.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:4:1)

**שַׁעַר הַדֶּלֶק.** עַל שֵׁם שֶׁהָיוּ מַכְנִיסִים דֶּרֶךְ שָׁם עֵצִים שֶׁל מַעֲרָכָה הַדּוֹלְקִים עַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ נִקְרָא שַׁעַר הַדֶּלֶק:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שער הדלק (the Gate of Kindling) – because they would bring in through there the wood for the pile of the wood on the altar was brought in that burn on the altar, it is called, the Gate of Kindling.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:4:2)

**שֵׁנִי לוֹ שַׁעַר הַבְּכוֹרוֹת.** גָּרְסִינַן, שֶׁשָּׁם הָיוּ מַכְנִיסִים הַבְּכוֹרוֹת שֶׁשְּׁחִיטָתָן בַּדָּרוֹם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שני לו שער הבכורות – we have the read, for there they wold bring in the firstlings whose slaughtering took place in the south.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:4:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:4:3)

**שַׁעַר הַמָּיִם.** כְּדִכְתִיב בְּסֵפֶר יְחֶזְקֵאל [מז] וְהִנֵּה מַיִם מְפַכִּים מִן הַכָּתֵף הַיְּמָנִית, וְהַיְנוּ דָּרוֹם שֶׁקָּרוּי יָמִין כְּדִכְתִיב צָפוֹן וְיָמִין. וְרָאָה יְחֶזְקֵאל בַּנְּבוּאָה שֶׁהָיוּ מַיִם יוֹצְאִים מִבֵּית קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים דַּקִּים כְּקַרְנֵי חֲגָבִים וּכְשֶׁמַּגִּיעִים לְשַׁעַר זֶה נַעֲשִׂים כִּמְלֹא פִּי פַּךְ קָטָן, וְהַיְנוּ דְּקָרִי לָהֶם מַיִם מְפַכִּים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שער המים – in the book of Ezekiel (47:1-2): “[He led me back to the entrance of the Temple, and I found that water was issuing from below the platform of the Temple – eastward, since the Temple faced east – but the water was running out at the south of the altar (i.e., southeast), under the south wall of the Temple. Then he led me out by way of the northern gate and led me around to the outside of the outer gate that faces in the direction of the east;] And I found that water was gushing from [under] the south wall,” and that is the south, which is called, “right” as it is written “north and eastward” (Psalm 89:13). And see Ezekiel in the prophecy that the waters went out from the House of the Holy of Holies thinly like the proboscides of locusts and when they reach this game, they become like the fulness of the mouth of a small jug, and that is why they call them מים מהכפכים/waters gushing (see Ezekiel 47:2- “[Then he led me out by way of the northern gate and led me around to the outside of the outer gate that faces in the direction of the east;] and I found that water was gushing from [under] the south wall.”).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:4:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:4:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:4:4)

**שַׁעַר נִקָּנוֹר.** מְפֹרָשׁ בְּמַסֶּכֶת יוֹמָא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שער ניקנור which is explained in Tractate Yoma (38a and Chapter 3, Mishnah 10- concerning the miracles of Nicanor with regard to the doors – see the Bartenura commentary there).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:4:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:4:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:4:5)

**פִּנְחָס הַמַּלְבִּישׁ.** מְמֻנֶּה הָיָה לְהַלְבִּישׁ הַכֹּהֲנִים בִּשְׁעַת עֲבוֹדָה וּלְהַפְשִׁיטָן אַחַר עֲבוֹדָה וְלִשְׁמֹר בִּגְדֵי כְּהֻנָּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
פנחס המלביש – who was appointed to dress the Kohanim at the time of their [Divine] Service, and to strip them of their clothing after the [Divine] Service and to guard the clothing of the priests.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:4:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:4:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:4:6)

**לִשְׁכַּת עוֹשֵׂי חֲבִתִּין.** בָּהּ הָיוּ עוֹשִׂין הַמִּנְחָה שֶׁכֹּהֵן גָּדוֹל מַקְרִיב בְּכָל יוֹם מַחֲצִיתָהּ בַּבֹּקֶר וּמַחֲצִיתָהּ בָּעֶרֶב, וְעַל שֵׁם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בָּהּ (ויקרא ו) עַל מַחֲבַת בַּשֶּׁמֶן תֵּעָשֶׂה, נִקְרֵאת חֲבִתִּין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לשכת עושי חביתין – in there they would make the meal-offering that the Kohen Gadol would offer on each day, “half of it in the morning and half of it in the evening” (Leviticus 6:13; see Tractate Tamid, Chapter 1, Mishnah 3),t and because it is stated regarding it (Leviticus 6:14): “shall be prepared with oil on a griddle,” it is called, a sort of cake.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:5:1)

**וּכְמִין אַכְסַדְרָה הָיָה.** שְׁנֵי כְּתָלִים אֶחָד מִצַּד זֶה וְאֶחָד מִצַּד זֶה לַשַּׁעַר, הָיוּ בּוֹלְטִין וְיוֹצְאִים מִחוּץ לְחוֹמַת הָעֲזָרָה לְצַד הַר הַבַּיִת, וַעֲלִיָּה בְּנוּיָה לְמַעְלָה עַל אוֹתָן שְׁנֵי כְּתָלִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וכמין אכסדרה היה – two walls, one from this side and another from that side of the gate, they would protrude and go out from beyond the wall of he Temple courtyard to the side of the Temple Mount, and there was an upper chambr built from above on top of the two walls.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:5:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:5:2)

**וּפֶתַח הָיָה לוֹ לַחֵיל.** בְּאֶחָד מִן הַכְּתָלִים הָיָה פֶּתַח הַיּוֹצֵא לַחֵיל, דְּהַיְנוּ מָקוֹם לִפְנִים מֵחוֹמַת הַר הַבַּיִת מִחוּץ לָעֲזָרָה וְהוּא קָרוּי חֵיל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ופתח היה לו לחיל – in one of the walls there was an opening that would go out to the place within the fortification of the Temple, which is a place inside from the wall of the Temple Mount from outside the Temple courtyard and is called חיל/Khel, [as will be described in further detail in Tractate Middot, Chapter 2, Mishnah 3].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:5:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:5:3)

**שַׁעַר הַקָּרְבָּן.** שָׁם מַכְנִיסִים קָדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים שֶׁשְּׁחִיטָתָן בַּצָּפוֹן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שער הקרבן – there they would bring in the Holy of Holies, whose ritual slaughter was in the north.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:5:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:5:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:5:4)

**בֵּית הַמּוֹקֵד.** עַל שֵׁם שֶׁמְּדוּרוֹת דּוֹלְקִים בָּהּ תָּמִיד לְהִתְחַמֵּם שָׁם הַכֹּהֲנִים מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוֹלְכִים יְחֵפִים, קָרוּי בֵּית הַמּוֹקֵד. וּבַיִת גָּדוֹל הָיָה, וּלְאַרְבַּע פִּנּוֹתָיו הָיוּ אַרְבַּע לְשָׁכוֹת קְטַנּוֹת כְּדִמְפָרֵשׁ וְאָזִיל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בית המוקד – because there were open fires burning there always to warm the Kohanim there because they walk barefoot, it is called, the House of the Hearth. And it was a large house, and in its four corners, there were four small chambers as will be explained further on [in the next Mishnah] (see also Tractate Tamid, Chapter One, Mishnah 1 as well).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:6:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:6:1)

**כְּקִיטוֹנוֹת.** כַּחֲדָרִים קְטַנִּים הַפְּתוּחִים לְבַיִת גָּדוֹל שֶׁל מְלָכִים דְּהַיְנוּ טְרַקְלִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כקיטוניות (small rooms/recesses) – like small rooms that open to a large house of kings, which is the reception room.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:6:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:6:2)

**שְׁתַּיִם בַּקֹּדֶשׁ וּשְׁתַּיִם בַּחֹל.** שֶׁבֵּית הַמּוֹקֵד קְצָתוֹ בָּנוּי בְּתוֹךְ הָעֲזָרָה הַמְקֻדֶּשֶׁת וּמִקְצָתוֹ בַּחֹל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שתים בקודש ושתים בחול – as the House of the Hearth, part of it is built within the holy Temple courtyard and part of it on the unconsecrated ground.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:6:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:6:3)

**וְרָאשֵׁי פִסְפָּסִין.** רָאשֵׁי קוֹרוֹת יוֹצְאִים מִן הַכֹּתֶל עַד הַמָּקוֹם שֶׁהוּא קֹדֶשׁ, כְּדֵי לָדַעַת אֵיזֶה קֹדֶשׁ וְאֵיזֶה חֹל וְלֶאֱכֹל קָדָשִׁים בַּקֹּדֶשׁ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וראשי פספסין (ends of flag-stones the pavement/blocks on the ceiling; cut and polished stone block) – the heads of beams that come out from the wall until the place which is sanctified, in order to know which is sanctified/holy and which is unconsecrated (i.e., north of the room of the hearth) and to consume Holy Food in sanctity.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:6:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:6:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:6:4)

**לִשְׁכַּת טְלָאֵי קָרְבָּן.** שֶׁהָיוּ שָׁם טְלָאִים מְבֻקָּרִים לִתְמִידִים, כְּדִתְנַן אֵין פּוֹחֲתִים מִשִּׁשָּׁה טְלָאִים בְּלִשְׁכַּת טְלָאִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לשכת טלאי קרבן – there were there lambs which passed examination for the daily-offerings, as is taught in the Mishnah (see Tractate Arakhin, Chapter 2, Mishnah 5): There should be no less than six examined lambs in the Chamber of the Lambs.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:6:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:6:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:6:5)

**לִשְׁכַּת עוֹשֵׂי לֶחֶם הַפָּנִים.** בֵּית גַּרְמוּ הָיוּ עוֹשִׂים לֶחֶם הַפָּנִים שָׁם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לשכת עושי לחם הפנים – the House of Garmu would make the shew bread there.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:6:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:6:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:6:6)

**שֶׁשִּׁקְּצוּם מַלְכֵי יָוָן.** שֶׁהִקְטִירוּ עָלָיו לַעֲבוֹדָה זָרָה. וּבְמַסֶּכֶת שְׁקָלִים וּבְמַסֶּכֶת תָּמִיד קוֹרֵא לָהּ לִשְׁכַּת הַחוֹתָמוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ששקצום מלכי יון – that they offered upon it (i.e., in the northeastern corner) for Idolatrous worship. But in the Tractates Shekalim (see actually Tractate Yoma 15b as the Bar Ilan project has shown me that it is not found in Shekalim at all) and Tamid (see Chapter 3, Mishnah 3), they call it the Chamber of the Seals.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:6:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:6:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:6:7)

**בָּהּ יוֹרְדִין לְבֵית הַטְּבִילָה.** בְּאוֹתָהּ לִשְׁכָּה הָיָה יוֹרֵד הַכֹּהֵן שֶׁרָאָה קֶרִי וְהוֹלֵךְ בַּמְּחִלָּה (שאחר) [שֶׁתַּחַת] בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ לְבֵית הַטְּבִילָה, וְשָׁם מְדוּרָה שֶׁמִּתְחַמֵּם בָּהּ הַכֹּהֵן לְאַחַר שֶׁטָּבַל וְעָלָה וְנִסְתַּפֵּג, וְלִשְׁכַּת הַמּוֹקֵד הִיא קְרוּיָה, וְהִיא פְּתוּחָה לְבֵית הַמּוֹקֵד הַגָּדוֹל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בה יורדין לבית הטבילה – in that chamber, the Kohen would go down when he observed an emission and he would go with pardon [it must say, that is under] the Temple to the House of Immersion, and there is a fire that warms the Kohen after he immersed and came out and dried off, and it is called the Chamber of the Hearth, because it is open to a large House of the Hearth.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:7:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:7:1)

**אֶחָד פָּתוּחַ לַחֵיל.** הַפֶּתַח שֶׁבִּצְפוֹן בֵּית הַמּוֹקֵד הָיָה פָּתוּחַ לַחֵיל, וְשֶׁבִּדְרוֹמוֹ הָיָה פָּתוּחַ לָעֲזָרָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אחד פתוח לחיל – the opening that is in the north of the House of the Hearth was open to the Khel/the place within the fortification of the Temple, and the one in the south was open to the Temple courtyard.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:7:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:7:2)

**פִּשְׁפָּשׁ קָטָן.** שַׁעַר קָטָן בְּתוֹךְ הַשַּׁעַר הַגָּדוֹל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
פשפש קטן (a small wicket) – a small gate within the large gate [by which they entered to patrol].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:7:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:7:3)

**שֶׁבּוֹ נִכְנָסִים לִבְלֹשׁ אֶת הָעֲזָרָה.** שֶׁהָיוּ נִכְנָסִים בְּכָל בֹּקֶר דֶּרֶךְ אוֹתוֹ פִּשְׁפָּשׁ לְחַפֵּשׂ עַל כָּל כְלֵי שָׁרֵת שֶׁבָּעֲזָרָה שֶׁיִּהְיוּ כֻּלָּן בִּמְקוֹמָן. וְהָכִי תְּנַן בְּמַסֶּכֶת תָּמִיד [פֶּרֶק א] נָטַל אֶת הַמַּפְתֵּחַ וּפָתַח אֶת הַפִּשְׁפָּשׁ וְנִכְנַס מִבֵּית הַמּוֹקֵד לָעֲזָרָה וְכוּ', אֵלּוּ הוֹלְכִים בָּאַכְסַדְרָה דֶּרֶךְ הַמִּזְרָח וְאֵלּוּ הוֹלְכִים בָּאַכְסַדְרָה דֶּרֶךְ הַמַּעֲרָב, הָיוּ בּוֹדְקִין וְהוֹלְכִין עַד שֶׁמַּגִּיעִים לִמְקוֹם עוֹשֵׂה חֲבִתִּין, הִגִּיעוּ, אֵלּוּ וָאֵלּוּ אוֹמְרִים שָׁלוֹם הַכֹּל שָׁלוֹם, כְּלוֹמַר כָּל כְּלֵי שָׁרֵת הֵן בִּמְקוֹמָן בְּשָׁלוֹם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שבו נכנסים לבלוש את העזרה (to patrol the Temple courtyard) – that they would enter each morning on the path of the same wicket to examine/search over each of the Temple vessels that were in the Temple courtyard that all of them were in their [appropriate] place. For this is taught in the Mishnah of Tractate Tamid [Chapter 1, Mishnah 3]: “He took the key and opened the wicket and entered from the House of the Hearth into the Temple courtyard, etc.,” – these walk on the covered place in front o the house in an easterly direction and those walk on the covered place in front of the house in a westerly direction. They would examine and go until they meet to the place where they make the cakes, they arrived, both sets say “Shalom; everything is peaceful/in order,” meaning to say, that all the Temple vessels are in their places in peace/in order.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:7:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:7:4)

**לִבְלֹשׁ.** תַּרְגּוּם וַיְּחַפֵּשׂ, וּבָלַשׁ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לבלוש – it is the Aramaic translation of “and he searched,” and examined.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:8:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:8:1)

**בֵּית הַמּוֹקֵד כִּפָּה.** בִּנְיָן שֶׁל בֵּית הַמּוֹקֵד לֹא הָיָה עֲלִיָּה, אֶלָּא כִּפָּה ארקוול"ט בְּלַעַ"ז עֲשׂוּיָה בָּאָרֶץ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בית המוקד כיפה – the building of the House of the Hearth was not an upper chamber, but rather an arch, ARKUVLAT in the foreign language made on the land.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:8:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:8:2)

**מֻקָּף רוֹבָדִים שֶׁל אֶבֶן.** אִצְטַבָּאוֹת סָבִיב שֶׁל אַבְנֵי גָּזִית הָיוּ מְשֻׁקָּעוֹת בַּכֹּתֶל וְיוֹצְאוֹת מִן הַכֹּתֶל לְתוֹךְ בֵּית הַמּוֹקֵד לְצַד הַקַּרְקַע, וְעַל גַּבֵּיהֶן אֲבָנִים אֲחֵרוֹת קְצָרוֹת מֵהֶן שֶׁיּוֹצְאוֹת נַמִּי מִן הַכֹּתֶל, וְהָיוּ כְּעֵין מַעֲלוֹת זוֹ עַל זוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מוקף רובדים של אבן (surrounded by stone pavements between steps in the Temple hall, landing) – porticos/colonnades of hewn stone around were sunk in the wall and came out from the wall into the House of the Hearth to the side of the ground, and on top of them were other short stones than then that also came out from the wall, and they were similar to steps one on another.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:8:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:8:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:8:3)

**וְזִקְנֵי בֵית אָב.** הַמִּשְׁמָר הָיָה מִתְחַלֵּק לְשִׁבְעָה בָּתֵּי אָבוֹת כְּמִנְיַן יְמוֹת הַשָּׁבוּעַ, כָּל אֶחָד עוֹבֵד יוֹמוֹ, וְזִקְנֵי בֵּית אָב שֶׁל אוֹתוֹ יוֹם הָיוּ יְשֵׁנִים שָׁם עַל אוֹתָן רוֹבָדִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
זקני בית אב – the priestly division of duty/guard was divided into seven priestly divisions according to the days of the week, each one working his day, and the elders of the priestly division of that day would sleep there on those stone pavements.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:8:4
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**וּפִרְחֵי כְהֻנָּה.** בַּחוּרִים שֶׁמַּתְחִיל שְׂעַר זְקָנָם לִפְרֹחַ, וְהֵם הָיוּ הַשּׁוֹמְרִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ופרחי כהונה – young men whose hair of their beards begins to flower, and they were guards.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:8:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:8:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:8:5)

**אִישׁ כִּסְתּוֹ בָאָרֶץ.** שֶׁלֹּא הָיוּ רַשָּׁאִים לִשְׁכַּב שָׁם עַל גַּבֵּי מִטּוֹת אֶלָּא בָּאָרֶץ, כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁשּׁוֹמְרֵי חַצְרוֹת הַמְּלָכִים עוֹשִׂים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
איש כסתו בארץ – that they were not permitted to lie there on beds, but rather onl on the ground, in the manner that the guards of the courtyards of the kings would do.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:8:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:8:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:8:6)

**כִּסְתּוֹ.** לְשׁוֹן כָּרִים וּכְסָתוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כסתו – the language of pillows and cushions.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:9:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:9:1)

**הִגִּיעַ זְמַן הַנְּעִילָה.** לִנְעֹל שַׁעֲרֵי הָעֲזָרָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הגיע זמן הנעילה – to lock the gates of the Temple courtyard.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:9:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:9:2)

**הַכֹּהֵן מִבִּפְנִים וּבֶן לֵוִי יוֹשֵׁב לוֹ מִבַּחוּץ.** שֶׁהַלְוִיִּם טְפֵלִים לַכֹּהֲנִים, כְּמָה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר יח) וְיִלָּווּ עָלֶיךָ וִישָׁרְתוּךָ. הִלְכָּךְ בְּבֵית אַבְטִינָס וּבְבֵית הַנִּיצוֹץ שֶׁהָיוּ עֲלִיּוֹת, הָיוּ הַכֹּהֲנִים שׁוֹמְרִים לְמַעְלָה וּלְוִיִּם לְמַטָּה. וּבֵית הַמּוֹקֵד שֶׁלֹּא הָיְתָה אֶלָּא כִּפָּה עַל הָאָרֶץ, הָיָה כֹּהֵן מִבִּפְנִים וּבֶן לֵוִי מִבַּחוּץ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הכהן מבפנים ובן לוי יושב לו מבחוץ – that the Levites were secondary to the Kohanim, as it is stated, (Numbers 18:2): “[You shall also associate with yourself your kinsmen the tribe of Levi, your ancestral tribe,] to be attached to you and to minister to you, [while you and your sons under your charge are before the Tent of the Pact].” Therefore, in the House of Avtinas and in the House of the Spark, which were upper stories, the Kohanim who guarded were above and the Levites were below. But the House of the Hearth which was not other than an arch on the land, there was a Kohen on the inside and a Levite on the outside.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:9:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:9:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:9:3)

**בַּמְּסִבָּה.** בַּמְּחִלָּה הַמְהַלֶּכֶת תַּחַת הַבִּירָה, שֶׁמְּחִלָּה הָיְתָה תַּחַת הַמִּקְדָּשׁ. וְכָל הַמִּקְדָּשׁ קָרוּי בִּירָה, כְּדִכְתִיב (דברי הימים א כט) אֶל הַבִּירָה אֲשֶׁר הֲכִינוֹתִי. וּמִפְּנֵי שֶׁהָיָה בַּעַל קֶרִי, לֹא הָיָה מְהַלֵּךְ דֶּרֶךְ הָעֲזָרָה אֶלָּא דֶּרֶךְ הַמְּחִלּוֹת, דְּקַיְמָא לָן מְחִלּוֹת לֹא נִתְקַדְּשׁוּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
במסבה (winding staircase) – in a cavity/underground places, he walks underneath the Temple (see Talmud Yoma 2a for another interpretation) , for the cavity/underground places was underneath the Temple, and all of the Temple is called בירה /the capitol, as it is written (I Chronicles 29:19): “and to build this Temple for which I have made provision.” But because he had had a nocturnal emission,, he would not walk on the path of the Temple courtyard, but rather on the path in the underground , for we hold that the cavities/underground places were not sanctified.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:9:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:9:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:9:4)

**וְהַנֵּרוֹת דּוֹלְקִים.** בַּמְּחִלָּה מִכָּאן וּמִכָּאן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והנרות דולקים – in the underground cavities from here and there.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:9:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Middot 1:9:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Middot/r/1:9:5)

**בַּמְּסִבָּה הַהוֹלֶכֶת תַּחַת הַחֵיל יוֹצֵא.** וְאֵינוֹ חוֹזֵר לְבֵית הַמּוֹקֵד, לְפִי שֶׁהוּא טְבוּל יוֹם. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב, אֶלָּא כְּדִתְנַן בְּרֵישׁ תָּמִיד, בָּא וְיָשַׁב לוֹ אֵצֶל אֶחָיו הַכֹּהֲנִים בְּבֵית הַמּוֹקֵד עַד שֶׁהַשְּׁעָרִים נִפְתָּחִים, יוֹצֵא וְהוֹלֵךְ לוֹ, שֶׁאַף עַל גַּב שֶׁטְּבוּל יוֹם אָסוּר לְהִכָּנֵס לְעֶזְרַת נָשִׁים דְּהַיְנוּ מַחֲנֵה לְוִיָּה, לָזֶה הֵקֵלּוּ, לְפִי שֶׁנִּטְמָא בִּפְנִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
במסבה ההולכת תחת החיל – he departs, and does not return to the House of the Hearth because he is a someone who has immersed but must wait until sunset until he is ritually pure. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Eliezer ben Yaakov, but rather, as it is taught in the beginning of Tractate Tamid. He came and sat with his brethren, the Kohanim in the House of the Hearth until the gates open when he can go on his way, for even though someone who has immersed but must wait until sunset until he is ritually pure, it is forbidden to enter into the Women’s courtyard, which is the camp of the Levites, for this, they were lenient, because he had been defiled inside.