## Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin Chapter 2

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:1:1)

**זֵיתִים שֶׁכְּבָשָׁן.** בְּיַיִן אוֹ בְחֹמֶץ אוֹ בִשְׁאָר מַשְׁקִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
זיתים שכבשן – in wine or vinegar or in other liquids.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:1:2)

**בְּטַרְפֵיהֶן.** עִם הֶעָלִים שֶׁלָּהֶם. עֲלֵה זַיִת, מְתַרְגְּמִינַן טְרַף זֵיתָא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
בטרפיהן – with their leaves. The leaf of an olive, we translate in Aramaic as טרף זיתא/the leaf of an olive.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:1:3)

**טְהוֹרִים.** אִם נָגַע שֶׁרֶץ בֶּעָלִין, טְהוֹרִים הַזֵּיתִים וְהֶעָלִים, דְּלָא חֲשִׁיבֵי הֶעָלִים לֹא יָד וְלֹא שׁוֹמֵר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
טהורים – if a creeping reptile/insect touched/came in contact with the leaves, the olives and the leaves are ritually pure, for the leaves are not considered neither a handle nor a protector.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:1:4)

**לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא כְבָשָׁן.** בְּטַרְפֵיהֶן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
לפי שלא כבשן- with their leaves.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:1:5)

**אֶלָּא לְמַרְאֶה.** כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּהְיוּ נִרְאִים יָפִין יוֹתֵר כְּשֶׁהֶעָלִים עִמָּהֶן, דְּנִרְאִים כְּאִלּוּ מֵחָדָשׁ נִתְלְשׁוּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אלא למראה – in order that they would look nicer when their leaves are with them, for they appear as if they were newly detached/plucked.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:1:6)

**כְּשׁוּת שֶׁל קִשּׁוּת.** כְּשֶׁהַקִּשּׁוּאִים קְטַנִּים יֵשׁ לָהֶן כְּמִין שֵׂעָר קָטָן, וְנִקְרָא כְּשׁוּת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
כשות של קישות (fine hairs/fibers of cucumbers) - when the cucumbers are small, they have a kind of small hair, and it is called כשות/fine hairs/fibers.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:1:7)

**וְהַנֵּץ שֶׁלָּהּ.** בְּפִי הַקִּשּׁוּאִים יֵשׁ כְּמוֹ נֵץ אָרֹךְ מְעַט:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
והנץ שלה (its blossom, sprout/flower) – in the mouth of the cucumbers there is like a bit of a long blossom/flower.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:1:8)

**טְהוֹרִים.** דְּלָא חֲשִׁיבֵי לֹא יָד וְלֹא שׁוֹמֵר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
טהורים – for they are not considered neither a handle nor a protector.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:1:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:1:9)

**לִפְנֵי הַתַּגָּר טְמֵאָה.** דְּנִיחָא לֵיהּ לַתַּגָּר בַּשֵּׂעָר וּבַנֵּץ, שֶׁמִּתּוֹךְ כָּךְ נִרְאִים הַקִּשּׁוּאִים יָפִים וּכְאִלּוּ מֵחָדָשׁ נִתְלְשׁוּ, וְכֵיוָן שֶׁרוֹצָה בְּקִיּוּמָן, חֲשִׁיבֵי שׁוֹמֵר לַפְּרִי. אִי נַמִּי, לְפִי שֶׁהַקִּשּׁוּאִים רַכִּים וְיַד הַכֹּל מְמַשְׁמְשִׁים בָּהֶן לִקְנוֹתָן הֵן מִתְקַלְקְלִים אִם לֹא מִפְּנֵי שֶׁאוֹתוֹ שֵׂעָר שׁוֹמְרָן מִכָּל לִכְלוּךְ וְטִנּוּף:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
לפני התגר טמאה (before the vendor/travelling merchant) – for it is satisfactory to the vendor with hair and with a blossom, and because of this the cucumbers appear beautiful and it is as if they were newly plucked/detached, and since he wants their preservation, they are considered as a protector for the fruit. Alternatively, because the cucumbers are soft and everyone’s hand touches them to buy them, they are ruined/spoiled if not because that hair protects them from all dirt and filth.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:2:1)

**הַגַּלְעִינִים.** כְּמוֹ גַרְעִינִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
הגלעינים (the stones/kernel of a stone fruit, globule/pits) – like גרעינים/globules, the stone or kernel of a stone fruit.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:2:2)

**וְלֹא מִצְטָרְפוֹת.** עִם הָאֹכֶל לְהַשְׁלִימוֹ לְכַבֵּיצָה, דְּיָד חֲשִׁיבָא וְלֹא שׁוֹמֵר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ולא מצטרפות – [and do not join together] with the food to complete it to be like an egg’s bulk, for it is considered a handle, but not a protector.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:2:3)

**גַּלְעִינָה שֶׁל רֹטֶב.** גַּרְעִין שֶׁל תְּמָרָה לַחָה וּרְאוּיָה לָמוֹץ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
גלעינה של רוטב (stones of moist olives) – a stone of a moist olive and it is appropriate to suck.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:2:4)

**אַף עַל פִּי יוֹצְאָה.** כְּלוֹמַר אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיּוֹצְאָה מִן הָאֹכֶל, מִצְטָרֶפֶת עִם הָאֹכֶל, לְפִי שֶׁהִיא נֶאֱכֶלֶת, שֶׁמּוֹצֵץ אוֹתָהּ מֵחֲמַת רְטִיבוּת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אע"פ יוצאה (even though it is detached) – meaning to say, even though it is detached from the food, it joins with the food, because it is consumed, that one sucks it on account of its moistness.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:2:5)

**לְפִיכָךְ חוֹתָם שֶׁל יְבֵשָׁה.** גַּרְגִּיר שֶׁל עֲנָבִים וּתְמָרִים יֵשׁ לָהֶם חוֹתָם, שֶׁחוֹתֵם נֶקֶב הַפְּרִי, וּבְרֹאשׁ הַחוֹתָם עֹקֶץ, כָּךְ פֵּרְשׁוּ רַבּוֹתַי. וְקָשֶׁה לְפֵרוּשָׁם, מַאי לְפִיכָךְ. וּבְמִשְׁנָיוֹת דַּוְקָנִיּוֹת מָצָאתִי, לְפִיכָךְ חוֹתָל שֶׁל יְבֵשָׁה, וְכֵן גּוֹרֵס רַמְבַּ"ם, וּמְפָרֵשׁ טַעֲמָא דְּגַרְעִינָה שֶׁל רֹטֶב דְּהַיְנוּ שֶׁל תְּמָרָה לַחָה, מִצְטָרֶפֶת, לְפִי שֶׁהִיא שׁוֹמֵר לַפְּרִי, שֶׁאִם לֹא הַגַּרְעִין הָיָה הַפְּרִי נִפְסָד. וְשֶׁל יְבֵשָׁה אֵינָהּ מִצְטָרֶפֶת, דְּשׁוּב אֵין הַגַּרְעִין שׁוֹמֵר לַפְּרִי, שֶׁכְּבָר כָּלְתָה הַלֵּחָה שֶׁבַּתְּמָרָה וְאֵין הַגַּרְעִין שׁוֹמְרָהּ שֶׁלֹּא תִפָּסֵד. לְפִיכָךְ חוֹתָל שֶׁל יְבֵשָׁה וְהוּא הַקְּרוּם הַמְלֻפָּף וְדָבוּק עַל הַגַּרְעִין שֶׁל תְּמָרָה, מִצְטָרֵף עִם הַתְּמָרָה כְּשֶׁהִיא יְבֵשָׁה, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהַקְּרוּם הוּא שׁוֹמֵר, לֹא הַגַּרְעִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
לפיכך חותל של יבישה (the membranous enclosure separating the stone of a date from its flesh, pericarp – as far as not eatable) – a berry of grapes or figs has a membranous enclosure, that seals the incision of the fruit, and that at the top of the membranous enclosure/pericarp is a peduncle, such is what my Rabbis have explained. And their explanation has difficulties, of what therefore. And I found in the Mishnayot accuracy, therefore, the membranous enclosure separating the stone of the date from its flesh/pericarp, and such is the reading of Maimonides (i.e., חותל של יבישה ) and he explains the reason – that the kernel of a green date, that is of a moist date, combines/joins together, because it is a protector to the fruit, for without the globule/stone or kernel of a stone fruit, the fruit would be lost. But that of pericarp does not combine/join together, for again, the globule/stone or kernel of a stone fruit is not a protector of the fruit, for the moisture that is in the date has already ceased and the globule does not protect it so that it doesn’t become lost. Therefore, the membranous enclosure separating the stone of the date from its flesh/pericarp, and it is the membrane/skin that is wrapped and attached on the globule of the date, combines/joins with the date when it is dry, because the membrane/skin is a protector and not the globule/kernel of a stone fruit.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:2:6)

**וְשֶׁל רֹטֶב.** דְּהַיְנוּ תְּמָרָה לַחָה, אֵין הַקְּרוּם מִצְטָרֵף. שֶׁהַגַּרְעִין הוּא שׁוֹמֵר וְלֹא הַקְּרוּם. וְנִקְרָא אוֹתוֹ הַקְּרוּם חוֹתָל, לְפִי שֶׁהוּא מְלֻפָּף וְדָבוּק לַגַּרְעִין. לְשׁוֹן וְהָחְתֵּל לֹא חֻתָּלְתְּ (יחזקאל טז):

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ושל רוטב – that is, the moist date, the membrane does not join/combine. For the globule/stone or kernel of a stone fruit is the protector and not the membrane. And that membrane is called a חותל/membranous enclosure separating the stone of date from its flesh/pericarp. Because it is wrapped and attached to the globule/stone or kernel of a stone fruit. It is the language of (Ezekiel 16:4): “[As for your birth, when you were born your navel cord was not cut, and you were not bathed in water to smooth you; you were not rubbed with salt] nor were you swaddled.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:2:7)

**גַּלְעִינָה שֶׁמִּקְצָתָהּ יוֹצְאָה.** כְּגוֹן גַּרְעִינָה שֶׁל תְּמָרָה לַחָה שֶׁנֶּאֱכֶלֶת חֶצְיָהּ וְחֶצְיָהּ נִשְׁאֶרֶת עִם הַגַּרְעִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
גלעינה שמקצתה יוצאה (a pit, part of which was detached) – as for example the globule of the moist date, half of which is consumed and half of it remains with the globule.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:2:8)

**מַה שֶּׁכְּנֶגֶד הָאֹכֶל.** חָשׁוּב שׁוֹמֵר וּמִצְטָרֵף, אֲבָל אִידָךְ לֹא. וְכֵן עֶצֶם שֶׁיֵּשׁ עָלָיו כַּזַּיִת בָּשָׂר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
מה שכנגד האוכל (that which is near the edible part) – is considered a protector and combines/joins together, but not the other part. And similarly, a bone that has upon it an olive’s bulk of flesh.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:2:9)

**הָיָה עָלָיו.** הָיָה עַל הָעֶצֶם בָּשָׂר בְּצַד אֶחָד שֶׁאֵינוֹ מַקִּיף אֶת הָעֶצֶם, אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן רוֹאִין אִם יֵשׁ בַּבָּשָׂר שִׁעוּר שֶׁיּוּכַל לְהַקִּיף מִמֶּנּוּ עָבְיוֹ כְּחוּט שֶׁל עֵרֶב כְּטַבַּעַת סְבִיב הָעֶצֶם, מִצְטָרֵף. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
היה עליו – there was flesh on the bone on one side that does not surround the bone, Rabbi Shimon states that we see if there is meat the measurement that it is able to surround its thickness like the thread of woof like a ring around the bone that joins/combines. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:10
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:2:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:2:10)

**כְּגוֹן הַסִּיאָה וְהָאֵזוֹב וְהַקּוֹרָנִית.** שֶׁגַּם אֵלּוּ כָּךְ דִּינָם, מַה שֶּׁכְּנֶגֶד הָאֹכֶל מִצְטָרֵף, וּמַה שֶּׁאֵינוֹ כְנֶגֶד הָאֹכֶל אֵין מִצְטָרֵף. וְסִיאָה וְקוֹרָנִית מִין אֵזוֹב הֵם. סִיאָה תליי"ז בְּלַעַ"ז, וְקוֹרָנִית שדרי"א בְלַעַ"ז:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
כגון הסיאה והאזוב והקורנית (as for example, a plant classified with hyssop/Satureia Thymbra/savory, and the hyssop/marjoram and the thyme) – for also with these, such is their law. What is near the edible part joins together, what is not near the edible part does not join together. And סיאה and קורנית are a species of hyssop. סיאה is TALIAZ in the foreign language and קורנית is SHADRIAH in the foreign language.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:3:1)

**שֶׁנִּמּוֹק מִקְצָתוֹ אֵין מִצְטָרֵף.** דְּמַה שֶּׁנִּמּוֹק אֵינוֹ חָשׁוּב אֹכֶל, כֵּיוָן שֶׁנִּתְמַסְמֵס וְאֵינוֹ רָאוּי לַאֲכִילָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
שנימוק מקצתו אין מצטרף (that was partially rotted, does not combine)- for what has rotted is not considered food/edible, since it became in a state of dissolution and it is not worthy of consumption.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:3:2)

**הַפִּטְמָא שֶׁל רִמּוֹן.** כְּמִין דַּד יוֹצֵא בְרֹאשׁ הָרִמּוֹן, וְהוּא הַנִּקְרָא פִטְמָא. וּסְבִיב הַפִּטְמָא כְּמִין פֶּרַח יָרֹק שֶׁיֶּשׁ בּוֹ חוּטִים דַּקִּים, וְהֵן קְרוּיִין נֵץ. וּסְבִיבוֹת אוֹתָן הַחוּטִים כְּעֵין כּוֹס וְרֹאשׁוֹ עָשׂוּי לְתַלְפִּיּוֹת, וְהוּא קָרוּי מַסְרֵק, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ שִׁנַּיִם כְּמַסְרֵק:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
הפטמא של רימון (the protuberance on the blossom-end of pomegranates) – like a kind of nipple that extends at the top of the pomegranate and it is called פטמא/protuberance, and around the protuberance is like a kind of green flower that has thin threads. And they are called נץ/blossom, sprouting . And around those threads are a something similar to a cup and its head is made in turrets/fortress. And it is called a מסרק/the crown of a pomegranate, because it has teeth like a comb/indented attachment to a plant.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:3:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:3:3)

**אַף הַמַּסְרֵק טָהוֹר.** שֶׁאִם יֵחָתֵךְ מִן הַפְּרִי, אֵין מִתְגַּלִּים הַגַּלְעִינִים בְּכָךְ, הִלְכָּךְ לֹא הָוֵי שׁוֹמֵר. אֲבָל הַפִּטְמָא, אִם יַחְתְּכוּהָ עַד שָׁרְשָׁהּ, יִתְגַּלּוּ הַגַּרְעִינִים וְיִפָּסֵד הַפְּרִי. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אף המסרק טהור – that if it severs/cuts from the fruit, the globule/stone or kernel of the stone fruit is not revealed through this, therefore, it is not a protector. Even the protuberance, if one severed it until its root, it would reveal the globules/stones and destroy the fruit. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Eliezer.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:4:1)

**כָּל הַקְּלִפִּין.** כְּגוֹן קְלִפֵּי אֱגוֹזִים וּשְׁקֵדִים וְרִמּוֹנִים וּקְלִפֵּי בֵיצִים, חֲשִׁיבֵי שׁוֹמֵר לָאֹכֶל, וּמִצְטָרְפִין עִם הָאֹכֶל לְהַשְׁלִימוֹ לְכַשִּׁעוּר לְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה. וּמִיהוּ קְלִפָּה לַחָה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה שֶׁעַל הָאֱגוֹזִים בִּשְׁעַת לְקִיטָתָן, אֵינָהּ מִצְטָרֶפֶת, דְּלָא חֲשִׁיבָא שׁוֹמֵר, שֶׁאֵין שׁוֹמֵר עַל גַּבֵּי שׁוֹמֵר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
כל הקליפין (all the husks/skins) – as for example, the shells of nuts and almonds and pomegranates and shells of eggs, are considered as a protector to the food, and combines/joins with the food to complete to make up the measurement to be susceptible to receive ritual defilement. But however, a moist upper shell that is upon nuts at the time of their harvest, does not combine, for it is not considered a protector, for there is no protector on top of a protector.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:4:2)

**קְדוּרָה.** נְקוּבָה. לְשׁוֹן מְקַדְּרִים בֶּהָרִים כְּדִתְנַן בְּעֵרוּבִין. וּקְדוּרָה אֵינָהּ מִצְטָרֶפֶת, לְפִי שֶׁאֵינָהּ שׁוֹמֶרֶת כְּשֶׁהִיא נְקוּבָה וַחֲתוּכָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
קדורה (perforated) – perforated, it is the language of מקדרים בהרים/estimating the level distance between two places separated by mountains that is taught in the Mishnah in [Tractate] Eruvin (Chapter 5, Mishnah 4 – Talmud Eruvin 58a – measuring Sabbath elevations are considered as cut through). But something cut through/perforated does not combine, because it doesn’t protect when it is perforated and severed/cut.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:4:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:4:3)

**וְהַחִיצוֹנָה.** הִיא הַקְּלִפָּה הַדַּקָּה הַנּוֹפֶלֶת מֵאֵלֶיהָ כְּשֶׁמְּמַשְׁמְשִׁין בַּבָּצָל. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
והחיצונה – it is the thin shell that falls on its own, when we handle the onion. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:5:1)

**הַמְחַתֵּךְ לְבַשֵּׁל.** כְּגוֹן מְחַתֵּךְ דְּלוּעִים אוֹ בְצָלִים אוֹ בָשָׂר כְּדֵי לְבַשֵּׁל בַּקְּדֵרָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
המחתך לבשל – as for example, cuts gourds or onions or meat in order to cook it in a pot.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:5:2)

**שֶׁלֹּא מֵרַק.** שֶׁלֹּא גָמַר הַחֲתִיכָה. כְּמוֹ וּמֵרַק אַחֵר שְׁחִיטָה עַל יָדוֹ, בְּמַסֶּכֶת יוֹמָא [דַּף לא]:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
שלא מירק (did not finish it off) -that he did not complete the cutting, like he completed it after slaughtering by his hand in Tractate Yoma [31b].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:5:3)

**אֵינוֹ חִבּוּר.** אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁעֲדַיִן הַחֲתִיכוֹת מְעֹרוֹת בְּמִקְצָת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אינו חיבור – even though the pieces are still partly intertwined/interwoven.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:5:4)

**לִכְבֹּשׁ.** שֶׁכּוֹבְשִׁים בְּיַיִן וּבְחֹמֶץ כְּדֵי לְהִתְקַיֵּם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
לכבוש – that he pickles in wine or in vinegar in order to preserve it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:5:5)

**וְלִשְׁלֹק.** שְׁלִיקָה טְפֵי מִבִּשּׁוּל, וּבְהַאי נִיחָא לֵיהּ בְּחִבּוּרָן, הִלְכָּךְ כָּל זְמַן שֶׁלֹּא מֵרַק הָוֵי חִבּוּר. אֲבָל לְבַשֵּׁל לֹא הָוֵי חִבּוּר, דְּיוֹדֵעַ הוּא שֶׁהַבִּשּׁוּל יַפְרִידֵם וִיחַלְּקֵם זוֹ מִזּוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ולשלוק (or to seethe) – seething is more than cooking, and in these it is satisfactory for it in their combining/joining, therefore whenever he didn’t finish it off, it is combining/joining. But to cook is not combining/joining, for if he knows that the cooking will separate them and divide them one from the other.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:5:6)

**הִתְחִיל לְפָרֵק.** וּלְהַפְרִיד לְגַמְרֵי אֶחָד מֵהֶן, לֹא אָמְרִינַן כֵּיוָן דְּגַלֵּי דַעְתֵּיהּ בְּאֶחָד שֶׁרוֹצֶה לְהַפְרִידָן, כֻּלְּהוּ נַמִּי כְאִלּוּ מֻפְרָדִים זוֹ מִזּוֹ וְלֹא הָוֵי חִבּוּר, אֶלָּא אֹכֶל שֶׁפֵּרֵק בִּלְבָד לֹא הָוֵי חִבּוּר, וּמַה שֶּׁלֹּא פֵרֵק, הָוֵי חִבּוּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
התחיל לפרק (when he has begun to strip vegetables) – and to separate completely one from them, we do not say that since he revealed his intention with one that he wants separate them, all of them also are as if they are separated one from another and it is not combining/joining, but if he eats and only strips, it is not combining/joining, and what he didn’t strip is combined/joined.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:5:7)

**הָאֱגוֹזִים שֶׁאֲמָנָן.** שֶׁגִּדְּלָן וְחִבְּרָן זוֹ בָזוֹ. לְשׁוֹן וַיְהִי אֹמֵן אֶת הֲדַסָּה (אסתר ב):

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
האגוזים שאמנן (nuts which one arrayed/arranged in lines) – that he grew them and combined them one with the other. It is the language of (Esther 2:7): “He was foster father to Hadassah [that is Esther, his uncle’s daughter, for she had neither father nor mother].”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:5:8)

**שֶׁחֲמָרָן.** לְשׁוֹן וַיִּצְבְּרוּ אוֹתָם חֳמָרִם חֳמָרִם (שמות ח). מִדֶּרֶךְ הָרוֹצִים לֶאֱצֹר אֱגוֹזִים אוֹ בְצָלִים, שֶׁחוֹתְכִין אוֹתָן וְקוֹשְׁרִים אוֹתָן בְּחֶבֶל אוֹ בִמְשִׁיחָה וּמְחַבְּרִין אוֹתָן זוֹ עִם זוֹ וְתוֹלִין אוֹתָן כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּתְקַיְּמוּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
שחמרן ([and the onions] which one has piled up) – It is the language of (Exodus 8:10): “And they piled them up (i.e., the dead frogs) in heaps, [till the land stank].” From the manner of those who wish to store up nuts or onions, they cut them and tie them up with rope or with cord/flax rope and combine them one with the other and suspend them in order that they will endure.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:5:9)

**לְפַקֵּל.** כְּמוֹ לְקַלֵּף. וְדֻגְמָתוֹ שָׁנִינוּ פֶּרֶק ד'‏ דְּמַעַשְׂרוֹת מִשְׁנָה ו', הַבְּצָלִים מִשֶּׁיְּפַקֵּל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
לפקל (to strip, peel) – like to peel/לקלף. And it is example we taught in [Tractate] Maaserot, Chapter 1, Mishnah 6, “the onions [are subject to tithes] when one begins to strip them (for storage)” (note that there is a mistake in the printed editions which mention chapter 2 and/or chapter 4).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:10
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:5:10)

**הָאֱגוֹזִים וְהַשְּׁקֵדִים.** הַשְׁתָּא מַיְרֵי בִמְפַצֵּעַ הָאֱגוֹזִים וְהַשְּׁקֵדִים. שֶׁהַקְּלִפָּה שֶׁל אֱגוֹזִים וְשֶׁל שְׁקֵדִים חֲשִׁיבָא שׁוֹמֵר, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁפְּצָעָן, כָּל זְמַן שֶׁהִיא מְחֻבֶּרֶת בָּאֹכֶל חֲשִׁיבָא שׁוֹמֵר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
האגוזים והשדקים – now we are speaking of cracking open nuts and almonds. For the shell of nuts and almonds are considered a protection, and even though he cracked them open, all the while that it is attached to the food/edible part, it is considered a protection.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:11
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:5:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:5:11)

**עַד שֶׁיְּרַסֵּס.** לְשׁוֹן וְהִכָּה אֶת הַבַּיִת הַגָּדוֹל רְסִיסִים (עמוס ו). כְּלוֹמַר עַד שֶׁתִּהְיֶה הַקְּלִפָּה רְצוּצָה וּפְתוּתָה לַחֲלָקִים דַּקִּים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
עד שירסס (until he crushes them) – It is the language of (Amos 6:11): “[For the LORD will command,] And the great house shall be smashed to bits [And the little house to splinters],” meaning to say until the shell will be crushed and opened into thin pieces.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:6:1)

**בֵּיצָה מְגֻלְגֶּלֶת.** צְלוּיָה קְצָת, עַד שֶׁהִיא מְעֹרֶבֶת וּרְאוּיָה לְגָמְעָהּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ביצה מגולגלת (a roasted egg) – roasted slightly, until it is mixed and appropriate to sip/quaff.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:6:2)

**עַד שֶׁיָּגוֹס.** הַקְּלִפָּה חֲשִׁיבָא שׁוֹמֵר וּמִצְטָרֶפֶת, עַד שֶׁיַּחְתֹּךְ מִמֶּנּוּ מְעַט, וְאָז לָא חֲשִׁיבָא יוֹתֵר שׁוֹמֵר, שֶׁהַבֵּיצָה שׁוֹתֶתֶת וְיוֹרֶדֶת דֶּרֶךְ אוֹתוֹ שֶׁבֶר וַחֲתָךְ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
עד שיגוז (until it is chipped) – the shell is considered a protector and combines [to make it susceptible to ritual uncleanness] until he cuts off from it a little bit, and then it is not considered a protector any more, for the egg comes down slowly through the path of that fracture and cut.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:6:3)

**וּשְׁלוּקָה.** אֲבָל אִם נִשְׁלְקָה הַבֵּיצָה, שֶׁהִיא קָשָׁה וְעוֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֹךְ הַקְּלִפָּה וַאֲפִלּוּ שֶׁנִּשְׁבְּרָה, לְעוֹלָם חֲשִׁיבָא הַקְּלִפָּה שׁוֹמֵר, עַד שֶׁתְּהֵא מְרֻצֶּצֶת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ושלוקה – but if the egg was boiled, that it is hard and stands within the shell, and een that which is broken, the shell is always considered a protector, until it is crushed.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:6:4)

**וְכֵן עֶצֶם שֶׁיֶּשׁ בּוֹ מֹחַ.** חֲשִׁיב הָעֶצֶם שׁוֹמֵר לַמֹּחַ, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּר הָעֶצֶם, עַד שֶׁיִּהְיֶה מְרֻצָּץ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
וכן עצם שיש בו מוח (and similarly a bone that has marrow in it) – the bone is considered a protector for the marrow, and even though the bone is broken, it [protects] until it is crushed.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:6:5)

**הָרִמּוֹן שֶׁפְּרָדוֹ.** שֶׁחָתַךְ הָרִמּוֹן לִשְׁנַיִם וַעֲדַיִן הַגַּרְגְּרִים מְחֻבָּרִין בַּקְּלִפָּה, הַוְיָא קְלִפָּה חִבּוּר, עַד שֶׁיַּקִּישׁ בְּקָנֶה וְיִתְנַעְנְעוּ הַגַּרְגְּרִים שֶׁבּוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
הרמון שפירדו (a pomegranate which one has cut into two – leaving the seeds in their sheaves) - that he cut the pomegranate into two and still the seeds/kernel of the stone fruit are attached in the shell, this shell is a connection/attachment, until he knocks it with a reed and will shake the seeds/kernel of the stone fruit that is within it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:6:6)

**שְׁלַל הַכּוֹבְסִים.** דֶּרֶךְ הַכּוֹבְסִים לִשְׁלֹל הַבְּגָדִים הַקָּטָן עִם הַגָּדוֹל כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יֹאבַד, וְסוֹפוֹ לְהַפְרִידָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
שלל הכובסים (washers’ materials loosely stitched together) – it is the manner of washers to stitch the clothes of a child with those of an adult in order that they don’t become lost, and eventually to separate them.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:6:7)

**וְהַבֶּגֶד שֶׁהוּא תָפוּר בְּכִלְאַיִם.** שְׁתֵּי חֲתִיכוֹת שֶׁל בֶּגֶד צֶמֶר שֶׁתְּפָרָן בְּחוּטִין שֶׁל פִּשְׁתָּן, דְּוַדַּאי סוֹפוֹ לְהַפְרִידָן זוֹ מִזּוֹ, מִשּׁוּם אִסּוּר כִּלְאַיִם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
והבגד שהוא תפור בכלאים – two pieces of woolen cloth which was sewn with threads of flax, for certainly, they will be separated one from the other, because of the prohibition of the mixture of wool and linen in the same web.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:6:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:6:8)

**חִבּוּר לְטֻמְאָה.** וְאִם נִטְמָא הָאֶחָד נִטְמָא חֲבֵרוֹ, עַד שֶׁיַּתְחִיל לְהַתִּיר, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא גָמַר לְהַתִּיר, דְּמַעֲשֶׂה מוֹצִיא מִידֵי מַעֲשֶׂה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
חיבור לטומאה -if one is defiled, its neighbor is defiled, until he begins to loosen it/take it apart, and even though he did not finish loosening it/taking it apart, for the deed/act [of loosening/taking it apart] removes it from the act [mixing wool and linen together].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:7:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:7:1)

**יְרֻקִּים מִצְטָרְפִין.** דַּחֲזוּ לַאֲכִילָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ירוקים מצטרפין – they are fit/appropriate for consumption.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:7:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:7:2)

**לְבָנִים אֵין מִצְטָרְפִין.** דְּתוּ לֹא חֲזוּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
לבנים אין מצטרפין – that furthermore they are not appropriate/fit.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:7:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:7:3)

**וּבַחֲזָרִים.** בַּחֲזֶרֶת, אַף עַל גַּב דִּלְבָנִים לֹא חֲזוּ לַאֲכִילָה, מִכָּל מָקוֹם הָווּ שׁוֹמֵר. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בַּר צָדוֹק:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ובחזרת – with lettuce, even though they are white, they are not appropriate for consumption, nevertheless, they are a protector. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Eleazar bar Tzadok.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:8:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:8:1)

**בְּנֵי בְצָלִים.** עַמּוּד הָאֶמְצָעִי שֶׁהוּא כְמוֹ לֵב (ירוק) וּמִמֶּנּוּ צוֹמְחִים הַבְּצָלִים, לְהַהוּא קָרֵי בְנֵי בְצָלִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
בני בצלים ( central sprouts of onions) – the middle pillar which is like the heart (green) and from it, they grow the onions, to this they call בני בצלים/central sprouts of onions.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:8:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:8:2)

**אִם יֵשׁ בָּהֶן רִיר.** שֶׁהֵם מְלֵאִים לֵחָה וְאֵין בָּהֶן חָלָל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אם יש בהן ריר (if there is juice/sap in them) – that they are filled with moisture, and there is no empty space/cavity in them.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:8:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:8:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:8:3)

**מִשְׁתַּעֲרִין כְּמוֹ שֶׁהֵן.** כְּשֶׁבָּאִים לְשַׁעֵר אִם יֵשׁ בָּהֶן אֹכֶל כַּבֵּיצָה שִׁעוּר טֻמְאָה, מְשַׁעֲרִין אוֹתָן עִם הָרִיר וְאֵין [צָרִיךְ] לְמַעֵךְ אֶת חֲלָלָן. וְאִם יֵשׁ בָּהֶן חָלָל, מְמַעֵךְ אֶת חֲלָלָן וְאַחַר כָּךְ מְשַׁעֵר לְכַבֵּיצָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
משתערין כמו שהן (they are measured as they are) – when we come to measure if there is within them edible parts of an egg’s bulk, the measurement of receptibility to defilement, we measure them with the juice/sap and we don’t crush/press down on their empty space/cavity. But if there is in them a cavity, we press down on their empty space and afterwards measure for an egg’s bulk.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:8:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:8:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:8:4)

**סְפוֹגָנִית.** עֲשׂוּיָה רַכָּה כְּמִין סְפוֹג. וְאֵינָהּ דְּרוּסָה וּבְעוּטָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ספוגנית (spongy [bread]) – it is made soft like a kind of sponge, but it is not tread upon nor stamped upon.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:8:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:8:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:8:5)

**מִשְׁתַּעֶרֶת כְּמוֹ שֶׁהִיא.** בְּלֹא מִעוּךְ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
משתערה כמות שהיא – without being crushed.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:8:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:8:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:8:6)

**בְּשַׂר הָעֵגֶל שֶׁנִּתְפַּח.** דֶּרֶךְ בְּשַׂר הָעֵגֶל שֶׁהוּא נִתְפָּח וּמִתְרַבֶּה כְּשֶׁהוּא מִתְבַּשֵּׁל, וּבְשַׂר הַשּׁוֹר הַזָּקֵן מִתְמַעֵט:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
בשר העגל שנתפח (meat of a calf that is swollen) – it is the manner of calf meat that is swollen that it increases when it is cooking, whereas the meat of an old bull diminishes.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:8:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:8:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:8:7)

**בִּכְמוֹת שֶׁהֵן.** אִם בְּשַׂר שׁוֹר מְבֻשָּׁל הוּא שֶׁנִּתְמַעַט וְעָמַד עַל פָּחוֹת מִכַּבֵּיצָה, אֵין אוֹמְרִים כְּשֶׁהָיָה חַי הָיָה בוֹ כַּבֵּיצָה אוֹ יוֹתֵר, וִיטַמֵּא אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁעַכְשָׁיו אֵין בּוֹ כַּשִּׁעוּר. וְכֵן אִם הָיָה בְשַׂר עֵגֶל שֶׁנִּתְפַּח וְנִתְרַבָּה וְיֶשׁ בּוֹ כְּדֵי לְטַמֵּא, אֵין אוֹמְרִים הוֹאִיל וּכְשֶׁהָיָה חַי לֹא הָיָה בוֹ כְּדֵי לְטַמֵּא, אַף עַכְשָׁיו לֹא יְטַמֵּא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
בכמות שהן – if it is the meat of cooked bull that diminished and stood on less than that of an egg’s bulk, we don’t say that when it was living there was in it an egg’s bulk [of meat] or more, and it would become defiled even though that now it lacks according to the measurement. And similarly, if it was the calf meat that had become swollen and increased, and there is within it in order to defile, we don’t say for since when it was alive there wasn’t in it sufficient to defile, even now it doesn’t defile.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:9:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:9:1)

**קִשּׁוּת שֶׁנְּטָעָהּ בְּעָצִיץ.** שֶׁאֵינוֹ נָקוּב, וְהֻכְשְׁרָה שָׁם לְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה וְנִטְמֵאת, דְּכִתְלוּשָׁה דָמְיָא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
קישות שנטעה בעציץ (a cucumber which was planted in a pot) – which is not perforated, and became susceptible there to receive ritual impurity and it became defiled, that is considered like it is detached.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:9:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:9:2)

**וְהִגְדִּילָה וְיָצְאָה חוּץ לֶעָצִיץ.** וְנֶחְשֶׁבֶת כִּמְחֻבָּר, לְפִי שֶׁיּוֹנֶקֶת וְשׁוֹאֶבֶת מִן הַקַּרְקַע שֶׁחוּץ לֶעָצִיץ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
והגדילה ויצאה חוץ לעציץ – and it is considered as attached, because it sucks/is nurtured from the ground that is outside of the pot.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:9:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:9:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:9:3)

**טְהוֹרָה.** שֶׁפָּרְחָה לָהּ טֻמְאָה מִשֶּׁיָּצְאָה חוּץ לֶעָצִיץ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
טהורה – that defilement flew off from it when it left outside the pot


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:9:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:9:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:9:4)

**מַה טִּיבָהּ לִטָּהֵר.** דִּכְשֶׁקִּבְּלָה טֻמְאָה הָיְתָה כִתְלוּשָׁה, הִלְכָּךְ מַה שֶּׁבְּתוֹךְ הֶעָצִיץ נִשְׁאָר בְּטֻמְאָתוֹ, וּמַה שֶׁהוֹסִיף אַחֲרֵי כֵן וְיָצָא חוּץ לֶעָצִיץ, טָהוֹר. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
מה טיבה ליטהר (what is its character that it should be insusceptible to uncleanness) – that when it received defilement it was like it was detached, therefore, whatever is within the pot remains in its defilement and what it added afterwards and left outside of the pot is pure. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:10:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:10:1)

**כְּלֵי גְלָלִים.** כֵּלִים הָעֲשׂוּיִין מִגִּלְלֵי הַבָּקָר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
כלי גללים – a vessel made from the dung of cattle.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:10:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:10:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:10:2)

**שֶׁהַשָּׁרָשִׁים יְכוֹלִין לָצֵאת בָּהֶן.** אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינָן נְקוּבִים, הַשֹּׁרֶשׁ יוֹצֵא מֵעַצְמוֹ וְנוֹקֵב אֶת הַגָּלָל וְאֶת הָאֲדָמָה שֶׁל אוֹתוֹ כְלִי. וּלְהָכִי לֹא נָקַט כְּלֵי אֲבָנִים, לְפִי שֶׁקָּשִׁים הֵן וְאֵין הַשֹּׁרֶשׁ נוֹקֵב אוֹתָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
שהשרשים יכולים לצאת בהן – even though they are not perforated, the root goes out on its own and perforates the dung and the ground of that vessel. And for this reason, it (i.e., the Mishnah) did not take the language of "כלי אבנים"/stone utensils, because they are hard and the root does not penetrate/perforate them.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:10:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:10:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:10:3)

**עָצִיץ נָקוּב אֵינוֹ מַכְשִׁיר אֶת הַזְּרָעִים.** שֶׁבְּתוֹכוֹ, דְּלֹא מְקַבְּלֵי הֶכְשֵׁר מִשּׁוּם דַּחֲשִׁיבֵי כִּמְחֻבָּר, וְאֵין הַזְּרָעִים נִכְשָׁרִים לְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה אֶלָּא כְשֶׁבָּא עֲלֵיהֶן מַיִם לְאַחַר שֶׁנִּתְלְשׁוּ. וַאֲפִלּוּ פֵרוֹת תְּלוּשִׁים אֵין נִכְשָׁרִים בַּמַּיִם שֶׁבְּתוֹכוֹ, לְפִי שֶׁאֵין הַמַּיִם מַכְשִׁירִין כְּשֶׁהֵן בִּמְחֻבָּר, דְּבָעִינַן שֶׁיְּהוּ הַמַּיִם תְּלוּשִׁין, וְהָנֵי מַיִם דְּמַנְּחֵי בְעָצִיץ נָקוּב, כְּמַנְּחֵי בְאַרְעָא דָמוּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
עציץ נקוב אינו מכשיר את הזרעים – that are within it. And they don’t receive susceptibility [to receive defilement] because they are considered as attached, and the seeds are not susceptible to receive ritual defilement other than when water comes upon them after they have become detached, and even detached fruit are not made susceptible [to receive ritual defilement] with the water that is within, because the water does not make them susceptible [to receive ritual defilement] when they are attached/connected, for we require that the water is detached and these waters that are placed on a perforated pot, it is like placing it on the ground.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:10:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:10:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:10:4)

**וְשֶׁאֵינוֹ נָקוּב מַכְשִׁיר אֶת הַזְּרָעִים.** דְּבֵין מַיִם שֶׁבְּתוֹכוֹ וּבֵין זְרָעִים, תַּרְוַיְהוּ חֲשִׁיבֵי כִתְלוּשִׁים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ושאינו נקוב מכשיר את הזרעים – for whether the water is within it or between the seeds, both of them are considered as detached.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:10:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:10:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:10:5)

**מִלְאָהוּ.** לֶעָצִיץ שֶׁאֵינוֹ נָקוּב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
מלאהו – to a pot that is not perforated.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:10:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:10:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:10:6)

**עָפָר עַד שְׂפָתוֹ.** הוֹאִיל וְרוֹאֶה אֶת הָאֲוִיר מֵאַרְבַּע רוּחוֹת, הָוֵי כֶעָצִיץ נָקוּב, וַחֲשִׁיבֵי כִמְחֻבָּר, בֵּין הַמַּיִם, וּבֵין הַזְּרָעִים שֶׁבּוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
עפר עד שפתו (dirt until its rim) – since it sees the atmosphere from four directions, it is like a perforated pot, and it is considered as attached/connected, between the water and between the seeds that are in it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:10:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin 2:10:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Oktzin/r/2:10:7)

**כְּטַבְלָא שֶׁאֵין לָהּ לִזְבֵּז.** שֶׁאֵין לָהּ שָׂפָה מִכָּאן וּמִכָּאן אֶלָּא פְשׁוּטָה וַחֲלָקָה, דְּמַיִם שֶׁבָּהּ אֵינָן מַכְשִׁירִין אֶת הַזְּרָעִים וַחֲשִׁיבֵי כִמְחֻבָּר, הוֹאִיל וְרוֹאִין אֶת הָאֲוִיר מֵאַרְבַּע רוּחוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
כטבלא שאין לה לזביז (like a tray lacking a vertical rim/ledge – by which a flat vessel is made into a vessel-like receptacle) – that it lacks a rim from this side and that but is rather flat and smooth, that the water that is in it does not make the seeds susceptible [to receive ritual defilement] and it is considered as attached, since it sees the atmosphere from four directions.