## Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah Chapter 1

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:1:1)

**הַנּוֹטֵעַ לִסְיָג.** שֶׁיִּהְיֶה הָאִילָן גָּדֵר לַכֶּרֶם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
נוטע לסייג – that the tree will be a fence for a vineyard.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:1:2)

**וּלְקוֹרוֹת.** לְגַדֵּל עֵצִים לַעֲשׂוֹת מֵהֶן קוֹרוֹת לְבִנְיָן, וְאֵין עִקַּר נְטִיעָתוֹ לֶאֱכֹל הַפֵּרוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לקורות – to grow trees to make of them beams for building, but the essences of its planting is not to eat its fruit.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:1:3)

**פָּטוּר מִן הָעָרְלָה.** דִּכְתִיב (ויקרא יט) וּנְטַעְתֶּם כָּל עֵץ מַאֲכָל, אֶת שֶׁהוּא לְמַאֲכָל חַיָּב, לִסְיָג וּלְקוֹרוֹת וּלְעֵצִים פָּטוּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
פטור מן הערלה – as it is written (Leviticus 19:23): “[When you enter the land] and plant any tree for food, [you shall regard its fruit as forbidden].” That which is for food is liable [for Orlah]; for a fence and for beams and for wood it is exempt.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:1:4)

**הַפְּנִימִי לְמַאֲכָל.** נִתְכַּוֵּן שֶׁיִּחוּר פְּנִימִי יִהְיֶה לְמַאֲכָל וְיִחוּר הַחִיצוֹן לִסְיָג, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהַכֹּל אִילָן אֶחָד, הַחִיצוֹן פָּטוּר. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הפנימי למאכל – if he intended that the inner young shoot (especially of a fig-tree) [facing towards the field] will be for food and the outer young shoot [facing away from the field] will be for a fence, even though that everything is [from] one tree, the outer [young shoot] is exempt [from the laws of Orlah]. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yosi.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:2:1)

**וּמָצְאוּ נָטוּעַ.** פָּטוּר. דִּכְתִיב (ויקרא יט) כִּי תָבֹאוּ אֶל הָאָרֶץ וּנְטַעְתֶּם, פְּרָט לְנָטְעוּ עוֹבְדֵי כוֹכָבִים עַד שֶׁלֹּא בָאוּ לָאָרֶץ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ומצאו נטוע – he is exempt [from Orlah], as it is written (Leviticus 19:23): “When you enter the land and plant [any tree for food],” excluding that which is planted by idolaters until they (i.e., the Israelites) had not come to the Land.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:2:2)

**נָטְעוּ.** בֵּין יִשְׂרָאֵל בֵּין עוֹבְדֵי כוֹכָבִים לְאַחַר שֶׁבָּאוּ לָאָרֶץ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא כָבְשׁוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת הָאָרֶץ, חַיָּב, דִּכְתִיב (שם) כָּל עֵץ בֵּין נְטָעוֹ יִשְׂרָאֵל בֵּין נְטָעוֹ עוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
נטעו – whether an Israelite or an idolater [had planted it] after they came to the Land, even though the Israelites had not [yet] conquered the Land, he (i.e., the Israelite) is liable [for the laws of Orlah], as it is written (Leviticus 19:23): “any tree” whether it was planted by an Israel or whether it was planted by an idolater.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:2:3)

**הַנּוֹטֵעַ לָרַבִּים.** שֶׁנָּטַע בִּרְשׁוּתוֹ לְצֹרֶךְ רַבִּים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הנוטע לרבים – that he planted in his domain for the needs of the many/majority.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:2:4)

**חַיָּב.** דִּכְתִיב (שם) יִהְיֶה לָכֶם עֲרֵלִים, לְהָבִיא הַנָּטוּעַ לָרַבִּים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חייב – as it is written (Leviticus 19:23): “[three years] it shall be forbidden to you, [not to be eaten],” including that which is planted for the community/public.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:2:5)

**וְרַבִּי יְהוּדָה פּוֹטֵר.** סָבַר וּנְטַעְתֶּם נַמִּי מַשְׁמַע לָרַבִּים, וְאֵין רִבּוּי אַחַר רִבּוּי אֶלָּא לְמַעֵט. וְרַבָּנָן סָבְרֵי וּנְטַעְתֶּם כָּל אֶחָד לְעַצְמוֹ מַשְׁמַע. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ורבי יהודה פוטר – he holds that “and plant [any tree for food” (Leviticus 19:23) implies for the community/public, but an amplification following an amplification intimates a restriction, but the Rabbis hold [that the word] “and plant” (Leviticus 19:23) – implies each one for itself. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:2:6)

**וְהַנּוֹטֵעַ בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים.** לְצֹרֶךְ עַצְמוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והנוטע ברשות הרבים – for his own needs.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:2:7)

**וְהָעוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים שֶׁנָּטַע.** בְּשָׂדֶה שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והעובד כוכבים שנטע – in a field of an Israelite.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:2:8)

**וְהַגַּזְלָן.** שֶׁגָּזַל קַרְקַע וּנְטָעָהּ, וְנִתְיָאֲשׁוּ הַבְּעָלִים מִמֶּנָּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והגזלן – [a robber] who stole a field and planted it and the owners despaired of it (i.e., of getting it back).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:2:9)

**וְהַנּוֹטֵעַ בִּסְפִינָה.** אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינָהּ נְקוּבָה, אִם הִיא שֶׁל חֶרֶס, לְפִי שֶׁאֵין כְּלִי חֶרֶס עוֹמֵד בִּפְנֵי הַשָּׁרָשִׁים וְהֵן מְפַעְפְּעִין דֶּרֶךְ הַחֶרֶס וְיוֹנְקִים מִן הַקַּרְקַע. אֲבָל שֶׁל עֵץ בָּעֵי נְקִיבָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והנוטע בספינה – even though it was not perforated if it is earthenware, because an earthenware utensil does not stand before the roots and they penetrate through the earthenware and absorb from the ground, but something of wood requires perforation.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:10
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:2:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:2:10)

**וְהָעוֹלֶה מֵאֵלָיו.** וְדַוְקָא בִּמְקוֹם יִשּׁוּב, אֲבָל בִּמְקוֹם יְעָרִים וּמִדְבָּרוֹת לֹא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והעולה מאליו – and especially in the place of the settlement, but not in the place of forests and deserts.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:3:1)

**אִילָן שֶׁנֶּעֱקַר.** שֶׁעֲקַרְתּוֹ הָרוּחַ אוֹ שְׁטָפוֹ נָהָר וְהוֹלִיכוֹ לְמָקוֹם אַחֵר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אילן שנעקר – that the wind uprooted it or the river swept it away and brought it to another place.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:3:2)

**וְהַסֶּלַע עִמּוֹ.** הֶעָפָר שֶׁסְּבִיב הַשָּׁרָשִׁים קָרוּי סֶלַע, לְפִי שֶׁהוּא נַעֲשֶׂה שָׁם קָשֶׁה כְּסֶלַע. וְקָאָמַר שֶׁאִם הָיָה אוֹתוֹ עָפָר עִמּוֹ וְהוֹסִיף עָלָיו עָפָר וְנִשְׁרַשׁ שָׁם בָּאָרֶץ, רוֹאִים, אִם יָכוֹל לִחְיוֹת מִן הֶעָפָר שֶׁבָּא עִמּוֹ בְּלֹא תוֹסֶפֶת עָפָר אַחֵר, [הֲרֵי] הוּא כְּנָטוּעַ בִּמְקוֹמוֹ הָרִאשׁוֹן וּפָטוּר מִן הָעָרְלָה, וְאִם לָאו, הֲרֵי הוּא כְּאִילָן הָעוֹלֶה מֵאֵלָיו וְחַיָּב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והסלע עמו – the dust/mud that is around the roots is called a clod, because it is made there as hard as a rock, and it states that if the dust/mud was with it and he added upon it dirt and it became rooted there in the land, we see if it (i.e., the fruit tree) can live from the dust/mud that comes with it without any other additional dust/mud [it is] like it is planted in its first place and it is exempt from Orlah, but if not, it is like a tree that grows on its own and is liable [for Orlah].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:3:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:3:3)

**זִעְזַעְתּוּ הַמַּחֲרֵשָׁה.** וְנִתְפַּזֵּר מִמֶּנּוּ הֶעָפָר וְנִתְגַּלּוּ הַשָּׁרָשִׁים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
זעזעתו המחרישה – the dust/mud is scattered and the roots are revealed.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:4:1)

**וְנִשְׁתַּיֵּר בּוֹ שֹׁרֶשׁ.** מְחֻבָּר לַקַּרְקַע שֶׁלֹּא נֶעֱקַר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ונשתייר בו שורש – it is attached to the ground and was not uprooted [completely].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:4:2)

**כְּמַחַט שֶׁל מִתּוּחַ.** גָּרְסִינַן, כְּלוֹמַר שִׁעוּר עֳבִי הַשֹּׁרֶשׁ כְּמַחַט שֶׁהָאוֹרְגִים מוֹתְחִים בּוֹ הַבֶּגֶד אַחַר שֶׁאֲרָגוּהוּ, לְהַפְשִׁיטוֹ וּלְהַרְחִיבוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כמחט של מתוח – is our reading, meaning to say, the measurement of the thickness of the root is like the needle that the weavers stretch the cloth after he weaved it to stretch it out and to widen it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:5:1)

**וּבוֹ בְרֵכָה.** מִנְהַג עוֹבְדֵי אֲדָמָה שֶׁחוֹפְרִים גֻּמָּא וְלוֹקְחִים יִחוּר אֶחָד מִן הָאִילָן וְטוֹמְנִין אוֹתוֹ בְּאוֹתוֹ גֻּמָּא וְיוֹצֵא שֹׁרֶשׁ הַיִּחוּר מִצַּד אַחֵר וְנַעֲשֶׂה שָׁם אִילָן, וְרֹאשׁ הַיִּחוּר נִשְׁאָר מְחֻבָּר בָּאִילָן, וְאֵין דִּין עָרְלָה נוֹהֵג בּוֹ בְּעוֹדוֹ מְחֻבָּר לָאִילָן וְיוֹנֵק מִמֶּנּוּ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהוּא יוֹנֵק גַּם מִן הַקַּרְקַע. וְאִם נֶעֱקַר אִילָן הַזָּקֵן מִן הַקַּרְקַע וְנִמְצָא שֶׁכָּל חַיּוּתוֹ וִינִיקָתוֹ עַתָּה מִן הַבְּרֵכָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ובו בריכה – it was the custom of those who work the ground that they dig a hole and take one shoot (especially of a fig-tree) from the tree and hide it in that hole and the root of that shoot comes out from other side and becomes a tree there and the head of the shoot remains attached to the tree. But the law of Orlah does not apply while it is still yet attached to the tree and absorbs from it, even though it also absorbs from the ground. But if the old tree is uprooted from the ground and it is found that all of its support and its absorbing is now from the young shoot.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:5:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:5:2)

**חָזְרָה הַזְּקֵנָה לִהְיוֹת כַּבְּרֵכָה.** וּשְׁנֵיהֶם, הַזְּקֵנָה וְהַבְּרֵכָה הֲווֹ כְּאִלּוּ נִטְּעוּ עַתָּה, וּמוֹנִים לָהֶם שָׁלֹשׁ שָׁנִים מִשָּׁעָה שֶׁנֶּעֱקַר הָאִילָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חזרה הזקנה להיות כבריכה – and both of them – the old [tree] and the young shoot- are as if they were planted now and we count for the three years from the time when the tree was uprooted.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:5:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:5:3)

**הִבְרִיכָהּ שָׁנָה אַחַר שָׁנָה.** לְאַחַר שֶׁהִגְדִּילָה בְּרֵכָה רִאשׁוֹנָה לָקַח מִמֶּנּוּ יִחוּר וְהִבְרִיכוֹ בָאָרֶץ, וְכֵן עָשָׂה כַּמָּה פְעָמִים זֶה אַחַר זֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הבריכה שנה אחר שנה – after the first young shoot had grown, he took from it one young shoot and sunk it into the ground and he did this several times, one after another.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:5:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:5:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:5:4)

**מוֹנֶה.** לְכֻלָּן שְׁנֵי עָרְלָה מִשֶּׁנִּפְסְקָה הַבְּרֵכָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה מִן הָאִילָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מונה – [he counts it – the years of prohibition under the law of Orlah] for all of them from the time when the first young shoot broke off from the tree.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:5:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:5:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:5:5)

**סִפּוּק גְּפָנִים.** דֶּרֶךְ עוֹבְדֵי אֲדָמָה שֶׁלּוֹקְחִים זְמוֹרָה אֲרֻכָּהּ מִגֶּפֶן זוֹ וּמוֹשְׁכִים אוֹתָהּ לַגֶּפֶן שֶׁבְּצִדָּהּ וּמַרְכִּיבִין הַזְּמוֹרָה בַּגֶּפֶן, וְזֶהוּ הַנִּקְרָא סִפּוּק, וּפָטוּר מִן הָעָרְלָה. וְהָא דִתְנַן אֶחָד הַנּוֹטֵעַ וְאֶחָד הַמַּבְרִיךְ וְאֶחָד הַמַּרְכִּיב חַיָּב בָּעָרְלָה, הָתָם מַיְרֵי כְּשֶׁחָתַךְ הַזְּמוֹרָה מִן הַגֶּפֶן אוֹ הַיִּחוּר מִן הָאִילָן, וְאַחַר כָּךְ הִבְרִיכָן אוֹ הִרְכִּיבָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ספוק גפנים – [the connection of grape vines (by training and engrafting)] – it is the manner of those who work the ground that they take a long vine-shoot from this grape-vine and stretch it to the grape-vine that is by its side and engraft the vine-shoot on to the grape-vine. That is what is called “engrafting,” and it is exempt from the laws of Orlah. But that which is taught in the Mishnah (Tractate Sotah, Chapter 8, Mishnah 2 and Tosefta Rosh Hashanah 1:4) – that all are the same are the ones who plant such a tree, who sink them into the ground, and who graft them – are liable for Orlah. There they are speaking about when he severs the vine-shoot from the vine or the young shoot from the tree and afterwards sinks them or engrafts them.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:5:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:5:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:5:6)

**מָקוֹם שֶׁכֹּחָהּ יָפֶה מֻתָּר.** אִם הַזְּמוֹרָה שֶׁהִבְרִיכוּהָ בַּגֶּפֶן כֹּחָהּ יָפֶה וְיוֹנְקָה מִן הַגֶּפֶן אֲשֶׁר מִמֶּנָּה לֻקָּחָה, מֻתָּר וּפְטוּרָה מִן הָעָרְלָה. וְאִם כֹּחָהּ רָע חַיֶּבֶת בָּעָרְלָה. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי מֵאִיר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מקום שכחה יפה מותר – if the vine-shoot that he sank in the grape-vine where the vine’s growth was healthy and it absorbs/sucks from the grape-vine from where it was taken, it is permitted and exempt from Orlah, but if the vine’s growth was poor, it is liable for Orlah, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Meir.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:5:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:5:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:5:7)

**וְהִיא מְלֵאָה פֵרוֹת.** אִם תְּלָשָׁן מִיָּד, הֵן מֻתָּרִין מִפְּנֵי שֶׁגָּדְלוּ בְּהֶתֵּר. וְאִם הִנִּיחָן בָּאִילָן וְגָדְלוּ לְאַחַר שֶׁנִּפְסְקָה וְאֵין בַּפֵּרוֹת שֶׁגָּדְלוּ כְּבָר מָאתַיִם לְבַטֵּל הַתּוֹסֶפֶת, אָסוּר, דְּעָרְלָה אוֹסֶרֶת עַד מָאתַיִם. וְהוּא הַדִּין בְּאִילָן זָקֵן שֶׁנֶּעֱקַר וּבוֹ פֵּרוֹת, וְחָזַר וּשְׁתָלוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והיא מלאה פירות – if he detached them immediately, they are permitted because they grew while permitted, but if he left them on the tree and they grew after they had been broken off and there isn't in the fruit that grew already by [one-] two-hundredth [part] to annul the supplement, it is prohibited for Orlah prohibits them until [one-] two-hundredth [part] growth. And the same law applies in an old tree that was uprooted and on it are fruits and he went back and replanted them.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:6:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:6:1)

**שֶׁנִּתְעָרְבָה בִנְטִיעוֹת.** שֶׁל הֶתֵּר, וְאֵינוֹ מַכִּיר הַנְּטִיעָה שֶׁל עָרְלָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שנתערבה בנטיעות – of permitted [saplings/plantings] and he doesn’t recognize the sapling of Orlah


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:6:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:6:2)

**וְשֶׁל כִּלְאֵי הַכֶּרֶם.** כְּגוֹן שֶׁהֶעֱבִיר עָצִיץ נָקוּב תַּחַת גֶּפֶן אַחַת וְנֶאֶסְרָה, וְאֵינוֹ מַכִּירָהּ בֵּין שְׁאָר גְּפָנִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ושל כלאי הכרם – and of mixed seeds in a vineyard, as for example, if he transferred that which grows in a perforated pot (placed in the ground – which is legally like that which grows in the ground itself – see Mishnah Tractate Demai, Chapter 5, Mishnah 10) under one grape-vine and it was prohibited and he doesn’t recognize it amidst the rest of his grape-vines.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:6:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:6:3)

**הֲרֵי זֶה לֹא יִלְקֹט.** דְּכֵיוָן שֶׁאֵינוֹ מַכִּיר אוֹתָהּ שֶׁל אִסּוּר כֻּלָּן אֲסוּרוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הרי זה לא ילקט – for since he doesn’t recognize it as something prohibited, all of them are prohibited.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:6:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:6:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:6:4)

**אַף יִתְכַּוֵּן וְיִלְקֹט.** דַּחֲזָקָה אֵין אָדָם אוֹסֵר כַּרְמוֹ בִּנְטִיעָה אַחַת, וְלֹא חַיְשִׁינַן דִּלְמָא אָתֵי לְעָרֵב הַנְּטִיעָה לְכַתְּחִלָּה. וְאַף עַל גַּב דִּבְעַלְמָא אֵין מְבַטְּלִין אִסּוּר לְכַתְּחִלָּה, הָכָא מִלְּתָא דְּלֹא שְׁכִיחָא הִיא וְלֹא גָזוּר. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אף יתכוין וילקט – for it is legal presumption that a person does not prohibit his vineyard through one sapling and we don’t suspect that perhaps he comes to combine the sapling ab initio. But even though that generally we don’t abolish a prohibition, ab initio, here is something that is not frequent, and we don’t make the decree. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yosi.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:7:1)

**וּמֵי גְפָנִים.** הַמַּיִם הַיּוֹצְאִים מִן הַגְּפָנִים כְּשֶׁחוֹתְכִים אוֹתָם אוֹ אֶת הַזְּמוֹרוֹת בִּימֵי נִיסָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ומי גפנים – the water the comes out from the grape-vines when we cut them, or the vine-shoots in the days of Nisan.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:7:2)

**הַסְּמָדַר.** הוּא הַפֶּרַח שֶׁמִּמֶּנּוּ יָצָא הַבֹּסֶר. אֲבָל הַבֹּסֶר עַצְמוֹ הַכֹּל מוֹדִים שֶׁהוּא פְּרִי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וסמדר – [budding berries] is the flowering that from it comes out the half-ripe fruit/grapes. But the half-ripe fruit itself, everyone admits that it is fruit.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:7:3)

**מֻתָּרִים בָּעָרְלָה.** דִּכְתִיב (ויקרא יט) וַעֲרַלְתֶּם עָרְלָתוֹ אֶת פִּרְיוֹ, וְהַנֵּי לָאו פְּרִי נִינְהוּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מותרים בערלה – as it is written (Leviticus 19:23): “You shall regard its fruit as forbidden.” But these are not fruit.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:7:4)

**וּבָרְבָעִי.** נֶאֱכָלִין בְּשָׁנָה רְבִיעִית חוּץ לִירוּשָׁלַיִם בְּלֹא פִדְיוֹן, דְּיִהְיֶה כָּל פִּרְיוֹ קֹדֶשׁ הִלּוּלִים כְּתִיב (שם), וְהַנֵּי לֹא הֲוֵי פְּרִי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וברבעי – they are eaten in the fourth year outside of Jerusalem without redemption, as it is written (Leviticus 19:24): “[In the fourth year] all fruit shall be set aside for jubilation [before the LORD],” but these are not considered fruit.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:7:5)

**וּבַנָּזִיר.** מֻתָּר הַנָּזִיר לְאָכְלָם, דְּבַנָּזִיר כְּתִיב (במדבר ו) לֹא יֹאכַל, וְהַנֵּי לָאו בְּנֵי אֲכִילָה נִינְהוּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ובנזיר – the Nazirite is permitted to eat them, for concerning the Nazirite it is written (Numbers 6:3): “nor eat grapes fresh or dried” and these are not eatable.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:7:6)

**וַאֲסוּרִים בָּאֲשֵׁרָה.** דִּכְתִיב (דברים יג) וְלֹא יִדְבַּק בְּיָדְךָ מְאוּמָה מִן הַחֵרֶם, וַאֲשֵׁרָה הוּא אִילָן הַנֶּעֱבָד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואסורים באשרה – as it is written (Deuteronomy 13:18): “Let nothing that has been doomed stick to your hand [in order that the LORD may turn from His blazing anger and show you compassion],” and the Asherah is a tree that is worshipped.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:7:7)

**הַמַּעֲמִיד בִּשְׂרָף הָעָרְלָה.** הַמַּעֲמִיד גְּבִינָה בַּשָּׂרָף הַנּוֹטֵף מֵעֲצֵי עָרְלָה: **שָׂרָף.** גומ"א בְּלַעַ"ז. וְסָבַר רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר דְּשָׂרָף הֲוֵי פְּרִי, בֵּין בְּאִילָן הָעוֹשֶׂה פֵרוֹת, בֵּין בְּאִילָן שֶׁאֵינוֹ עוֹשֶׂה פֵרוֹת. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי וְלֹא כְרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
המעמיד בשרף הערלה – curdles cheese with the sap/resinous substances of the trees of Orlah/uncircumcised trees. Sap/resinous substance is called GUMA in the foreign tongue, and Rabbi Eliezer holds that the sap is fruit, whether the tree produces fruit or whether the tree does not produce fruit. But the Halakha is not according to either Rabbi Yosi or to Rabbi Eliezer.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:7:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:7:8)

**בִּשְׂרָף הַפַּגִּים.** שָׂרָף הַנּוֹטֵף מִן הַפֵּרוֹת שֶׁלֹּא בָשְׁלוּ כָּל צָרְכָּן. וַהֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בשרף הפגיס – the sap that flows from fruit that have not fully ripened. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehoshua.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:8:1)

**עַנְקוֹקְלוֹת.** לְשׁוֹן נוֹטְרִיקוֹן, עֲנָבִים דְּלָקוּ תְּלָת. כְּלוֹמַר שֶׁלָּקוּ קֹדֶם שֶׁהֵבִיאוּ שְׁלִישׁ בִּשּׁוּלָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ענקוקלות – it is a the language of an abbreviation/Notarikon – grapes that were smitten before they had grown to one-third of the normal size, meaning to say that they were smitten before they brought forth a third of their growth.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:8:2)

**הַחַרְצַנִּים.** גַּרְעִינִים שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הָעֲנָבִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חרצנים – seeds withing the grapes.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:8:3)

**וְהַזַּגִּים.** הַקְּלִפּוֹת שֶׁבַּחוּץ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והזגים – the shells that are on the outside.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:8:4)

**וְהַתֶּמֶד.** שֶׁנָּתַן מַיִם עַל גַּבֵּי שְׁמָרִים אוֹ עַל גַּבֵּי הַחַרְצַנִּים וְהַזַּגִּין, וְיֵשׁ בָּהֶם טַעַם יַיִן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
תמד – that he placed water on the sediment or on the shells of grapes or on the husks or kernels of grapes and they have the taste of wine.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:8:5)

**וְהַנֵּץ שֶׁלָּהֶן.** פֶּרַח שֶׁעַל גַּבֵּי הַפִּטְמָא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והנץ שלהם – the flower that is on the protuberance on the blossom-end of the fruit.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:8:6)

**וְהַגַּרְעִינִין.** גַּרְעִין שֶׁל כָּל פְּרִי, כְּגוֹן הַגַּרְעִינִים הַנִּמְצָאִים בְּתוֹךְ הַתְּמָרִים וְהַזֵּיתִים וְהָאֲפַרְסְקִים, וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָהֶן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והגרעינין – the seed of each fruit, such as the seeds found within the dates and the olives and the peaches and similar things.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:8:7)

**אֲסוּרִים בָּעָרְלָה.** דִּכְתִיב (ויקרא יט) אֶת פִּרְיוֹ, אֶת הַטָּפֵל לְפִרְיוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אסורים בערלה – as it is written (Leviticus 19:23): “[you shall regard] its fruit [as forbidden],” what is secondary to its fruit..


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:8:8)

**וּמֻתָּרִים בָּרְבָעִי.** שֶׁנֶּטַע רְבָעִי אֵינוֹ אָסוּר בַּהֲנָאָה, אֶלָּא נֶאֱכָל לַבְּעָלִים בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם כְּמַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי. וְאֵין מִתְקַדֵּשׁ בִּקְדֻשַּׁת מַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי אֶלָּא דָּבָר הָרָאוּי לַאֲכִילָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ומותרים ברבעי – fourth year’s fruit of young trees is not prohibited from deriving benefit from it but is eaten by its owners in Jerusalem like Second Tithe, and is not sanctified in the sanctity of Second Tithe, but rather it is a thing that appropriate for eating.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:8:9)

**נוֹבְלוֹת.** פֵּרוֹת הַנּוֹשְׁרִים מִן הָאִילָן קֹדֶם גְּמַר בִּשּׁוּלָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
נובלות – fruit that falls from the tree prior to the completion of its ripening.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:10
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:8:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:8:10)

**כֻּלָּן אֲסוּרוֹת.** בֵּין בָּעָרְלָה בֵּין בָּרְבָעִי בֵּין בָּאֲשֵׁרָה בֵּין בַּנָּזִיר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כולן אסורות – whether for Orlah, or for the fourth year’s fruit of young trees , whether for an Asherah or for a Nazirite.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:9:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:9:1)

**נוֹטְעִים יִחוּר שֶׁל עָרְלָה.** שֶׁהָעֵץ מֻתָּר בַּהֲנָאָה. אֲבָל לֹא הָאֱגוֹז שֶׁהוּא פְּרִי וְאָסוּר בַּהֲנָאָה. וּמוֹדֶה רַבִּי יוֹסֵי שֶׁאִם נָטַע וְהִבְרִיךְ וְהִרְכִּיב שֶׁהוּא מֻתָּר, דְּזֶה וְזֶה גּוֹרֵם מֻתָּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
נוטעים יחור של ערלה – for the tree is permitted to derive benefit [from it] but not the walnut, which is the fruit and it is prohibited to benefit [from it], and Rabbi Yosi admits that if he planted and sunk and grafted which is permitted, that both of these cause it to be permitted.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:9:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Orlah 1:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Orlah/r/1:9:2)

**בְּכַפְנִיּוֹת.** יִחוּר שֶׁיֶּשׁ בּוֹ כַּפְנִיּוֹת, תְּמָרִים בְּעוֹדָן סְמָדַר נִקְרָאִים כַּפְנִיּוֹת. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי לְטַעֲמֵיהּ דְּאָמַר הַסְּמָדַר אָסוּר מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא פְּרִי. וַהֲלָכָה כְּמוֹתוֹ דְּמֻתָּר לִטַּע יִחוּר שֶׁל עָרְלָה, וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּמוֹתוֹ שֶׁאוֹסֵר בְּכַפְנִיּוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בכפניות – a young shoot that has date-berries in its early stage while they are still berries in the budding stage are called כפניות/date-berries in its early stage. Rabbi Yosi, according to his rationale who stated that berries in the budding stage are forbidden because they are fruit. And the Halakha is according to him, for it is permitted to plant a young shoot of Orlah, but the Halakha is not like him that he prohibits date-berries in the budding stage.