## Bartenura on Mishnah Parah Chapter 1

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:1:1)

**רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר עֶגְלָה בַּת שְׁנָתָהּ.** עֶגְלָה עֲרוּפָה צָרִיךְ שֶׁתְּהֵא בַת שְׁנָתָהּ וְלֹא יוֹתֵר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רבי אליעזר אומר עגלה בת שנתה – a heifer whose neck was broken needs to be one year old and no more/older.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:1:2)

**וּפָרָה.** אֲדֻמָּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ופרה – red [heifer].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:1:3)

**בַּת שְׁתֵּי שָׁנִים.** דִּלְשׁוֹן פָּרָה מַשְׁמַע דְּקַשִּׁישָׁא טְפֵי מֵעֶגְלָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ופרה בת שתי שתים – that the language of פרה/heifer implies that it is older than a עלגה/heifer (i.e., calf)


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:1:4)

**וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים עֶגְלָה עֲרוּפָה כְּשֵׁרָה אֲפִלּוּ בַת שְׁתַּיִם.** וְכָל שֶׁכֵּן בַּת שְׁנָתָהּ, אֶלָּא דַאֲפִלּוּ בַת שְׁתַּיִם עֶגְלָה הִיא. וְאַף עַל גַּב דְּקַיְמָא לָן כָּל מָקוֹם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר עֵגֶל, בֶּן שָׁנָה הוּא, סָבְרֵי רַבָּנָן שָׁאנֵי עֶגְלָה עֲרוּפָה דִּכְתִיב בָּהּ (דברים כא) עֶגְלַת בָּקָר, וְלֹא כְתִיב עֶגְלָה סְתָם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וחכמים אומרים עלגה ערופה כשרה אפילו בת שתים – and all the more so, when it is one year old, but even if it is two years old, it is a עגלה /calf, and even though that we hold that every place where it states עגל, it is one year old, the Rabbis hold that the heifer whose neck is broken is different, as it is written regarding it (Deuteronomy 21:3): “[The elders of the town nearest to the corpse] shall then take a heifer/עגלת בקר, [which has never been worked, which has never pulled in a yoke],” but it is not written a mere/plain עגלה/heifer.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:1:5)

**שֶׁמָּא תַשְׁחִיר שֶׁלֹּא תִפָּסֵל.** שֶׁאִם יִוָּלְדוּ בָהּ שְׁתֵּי שְׂעָרוֹת שְׁחוֹרוֹת פְּסוּלָה, דִּכְתִיב (במדבר יט) אֲדֻמָּה תְמִימָה, שֶׁתְּהֵא תְמִימָה בְאַדְמִימוּת. וַהֲלָכָה, דְּפָרָה אֲדֻמָּה בַּת שָׁלֹשׁ שָׁנִים אוֹ בַת אַרְבַּע וּזְקֵנָה כְּשֵׁרָה, אֶלָּא שֶׁאֵין מַמְתִּינִין לָהּ, שֶׁמָּא תַשְׁחִיר וְתִפָּסֵל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שמא תשחיר שלא תפסל (lest a hair turn black and it should [not] otherwise become unfit) – for if two black hairs would grow in it, it would be unfit, as it written (Numbers 19:2): “[Instruct the Israelite people to bring you] a red [cow] without blemish, that its being without blemish/its purity, is in its reddishness and it went away, for a red cow which is three years old or four [years old] and old is fit/proper, but we don’t wait for it, lest a hair turn black and it should [not] otherwise become unfit.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:1:6)

**לֹא שָׁמַעְתִּי אֶלָּא שְׁלָשִׁית.** כָּךְ שָׁמַעְתִּי שֶׁאֵין כְּשֵׁרָה לְפָרָה אֲדֻמָּה אֶלָּא שְׁלָשִׁית:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לא שמעתי אלא שלשית (I heard only “Shelasheet”) – I heard that a red cow is not kosher/fit other than one which is “Shelasheet” (i.e., in its third year).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:1:7)

**כָּךְ שָׁמַעְתִּי סְתָם.** וְאֵין לִי לְפָרֵשׁ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כך שמעתי סתם (such I heard plain) – and I have nothing to explain.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:1:8)

**שְׁלִישִׁית.** מַשְׁמַע שְׁלִישִׁית לַאֲחֵרוֹת בְּמִנְיָן, שֶׁנּוֹלְדוּ שְׁתֵּי פָרוֹת אֲחֵרוֹת לְפָנֶיהָ וְזֹאת שְׁלִישִׁית לָהֶן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שלישית – implies, third to the others in sequence, that two other cows were born before her and this is the third to them.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:1:9)

**שְׁלָשִׁית.** מַשְׁמַע שֶׁהִיא בַת שָׁלֹשׁ שָׁנִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שלשית- implies that she is three years old.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:10
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:1:10)

**רְבִיעִי לַאֲחֵרִים.** כְּשֶׁיֵּשׁ אַרְבָּעָה כְרָמִים שַׁיָּךְ לוֹמַר עַל הָאַחֲרוֹן שֶׁהוּא רְבִיעִי לָאֲחֵרִים, אֲבָל רְבָעִי מַשְׁמַע כֶּרֶם בֶּן אַרְבַּע שָׁנִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רביעי לאחרים – when there are four vineyards, it belongs to say about the last that it is the fourth to the others, but [the term] רבעי/that which is in the fourth year implies a vineyard that is four years old.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:11
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:1:11)

**הָאוֹכֵל בְּבַיִת הַמְנֻגָּע פְּרָס.** הַשּׁוֹהֶה בְּבַיִת הַמְנֻגָּע כְּדֵי אֲכִילַת פְּרָס, מְטַמֵּא בְגָדִים שֶׁעָלָיו. פְּרָס הוּא חֲצִי כִכָּר מִשָּׁלֹשׁ כִּכָּרוֹת לַקַּב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
האוכל בבית המנוגע פרס – he who tarries in a leprous house in order to eat a piece of bread, defiles that clothing that is upon him. [The word] פרס is half of a loaf, from three loaves to a KAB.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:12
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:1:12)

**אָמְרוּ לוֹ אֱמֹר מִשְּׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה לִסְאָה.** כְּלוֹמַר, הָיָה לְךָ לוֹמַר מִשְּׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה לַסְּאָה, שֶׁהַסְּאָה שִׁשָּׁה קַבִּין, וְשָׁלֹשׁ כִּכָּרוֹת לַקַּב הֵן שְׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה לַסְּאָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אמרו לו אמור משמונה עשר לסאה – meaning to say, you should have said from eighteen to a Seah, that the Seah is six KABIM, and three loaves to a KAB are eighteen to a Seah.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:13
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:1:13)

**כָּךְ שָׁמַעְתִּי.** מֵרַבּוֹתַי, וְאֵין בְּיָדִי לְפָרֵשׁ לָמָּה לֹא אָמְרוּ הֵם מִשְּׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה לַסְּאָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כך שמעתי – from my Rabbis/teachers, and it is not in my hands to explain why they didn’t say from eighteen to a Seah.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:14
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:1:14)

**אֲנִי אֲפָרֵשׁ.** מַאי נַפְקָא מִנַּהּ בֵּין זֶה לָזֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אני אפרש – what the practical difference is between this and that [and why they didn’t say eighteen to a Seah].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:15
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:1:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:1:15)

**מִשָּׁלֹשׁ לְקָב אֵין בּוֹ חַלָּה.** דְּחָמֵשׁ רְבִיעִיּוֹת קֶמַח וְעוֹד, חַיָּבִין בְּחַלָּה, וְהַלָּשׁ קַב בִּלְבַד אֵין מַפְרִישׁ מִמֶּנָּה חַלָּה. הִלְכָּךְ כְּשֶׁאַתָּה אוֹמֵר מִשָּׁלֹשׁ כִּכָּרוֹת לַקַּב, מַשְׁמַע שֶׁלֹּא הֻפְרָשׁ מֵהֶן חַלָּה, וּכְשֶׁאַתָּה אוֹמֵר מִשְּׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה לַסְּאָה, נִמְצָא שֶׁכָּל כִּכָּר הוּא פָחוֹת מַה שֶּׁמִעֲטַתּוּ חַלָּתוֹ, שֶׁהַלָּשׁ סְאָה צָרִיךְ לְהַפְרִישׁ מִמֶּנָּה חַלָּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
משלש לקב אין בו חלה – for five fourths flour and more, are liable for separating Hallah, and a person who kneads only one KAB separates Hallah from it. Therefore, when you say, from three loaves to a KAB, it implies that Hallah had not been separated from them, but when you say “from eighteen to a Seah,” it is found that each loaf is less that what we reduced for Hallah and a person who kneads a Seah must separate Hallah from it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:2:1)

**וּפַר שֵׁנִי בֶן בָּקָר תִּקַּח לְחַטָּאת.** בְּטָהֳרַת הַלְוִיִּם כְּתִיב [שָׁם ח] בְּפָרָשַׁת בְּהַעֲלֹתְךָ. וְהַאי שֵׁנִי יְתֵרָה הוּא, דְּכֵיוָן דִּכְתִיב בָּתְרֵיהּ וַעֲשֵׂה אֶת הָאֶחָד חַטָּאת וְאֶת הָאֶחָד עֹלָה, מִמֵּילָא יָדַעְנָא דִּתְרֵי נִינְהוּ, אֶלָּא כָתוּב שֵׁנִי לְלַמֵּד שֶׁהוּא בֶן שְׁתֵּי שָׁנִים, דְּכִי הֵיכִי דִלְבַת שָׁלֹשׁ קָרֵי שְׁלָשִׁית, הָכִי נַמִּי לְבֶן שְׁתַּיִם קָרֵי שֵׁנִי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ופר שני בן בקר תקח לחטאת- regarding the purification of the Levities, it I s written in the Torah portion of B’haalotekha (Numbers 8:8), and this "שני"/second is extraneous, for since it is written after it (Numbers 8:12): “One shall be offered to the LORD as a purification offering (i.e., sin-offering) and the other as a burnt offering, automatically one knows that there are two [bulls], but rather, it is written [the word]"שני" to teach that it is two years old, for just as for something three years old, we call שלשית, here also for something two years old it is called "שני".


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:2:2)

**וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים כוּ'.** וַהֲלָכָה כַּחֲכָמִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וחכמים אומרים כו' – and the Halakha is according to the Sages.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:3:1)

**מִיּוֹם לְיוֹם.** נוֹלַד בְּאֶחָד בֶּאֱלוּל, לֹא שָׁלְמָה לוֹ שָׁנָה עַד אֶחָד בֶּאֱלוּל שֶׁל שָׁנָה שְׁנִיָּה, דְּבָתַר שְׁנָתוֹ אָזְלִינַן, וְלֹא בָתַר שָׁנִים שֶׁל מִנְיַן הָעוֹלָם. וְאִם נִתְעַבְּרָה שָׁנָה, נִתְעַבְּרָה לוֹ. וְכֵן בְּאֵילִים בְּנֵי שְׁתַּיִם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מיום ליום – if it was born on the first of Elul, it didn’t complete a full year until the first of Elul of the second year. For we follow after the its year, but not after the years of the counting of the world. But if the year were intercalated, it was intercalated for it. And similarly, with rams that are two years old.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:3:2)

**אֵינוֹ כָשֵׁר לֹא לְאַיִל.** דְּאֵינוֹ נֶחְשָׁב אַיִל עַד שֶׁיִּכָּנֵס שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם מִשָּׁנָה שְׁנִיָּה לוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אינו כשר לא לאיל – for it is not considered a ram until it enters thirty days from the second year for it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:3:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:3:3)

**פַּלְגָּס.** לְשׁוֹן פֶּלֶג, כְּלוֹמַר מְמֻצָּע בֵּין זֶה לָזֶה, יָצָא מִכְּלַל כֶּבֶשׂ וְלִכְלַל אַיִל לֹא בָא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
פלגס (a sheep beyond the age of a כבש and below that of an איל ; a youth in the intermediate stage between boyhood and maturity) – It is the language of פלג/part, middle, meaning to say average between this and that, it has exited from the category of כבש but has not entered the category of איל (i.e., a כבש is a sheep at least one year of age; the איל is at least two years old).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:3:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:3:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:3:4)

**נוֹקֵד.** לְשׁוֹן אֲשֶׁר הָיָה בַנֹּקְדִים (עמוס א) שֶׁפֵּרוּשׁוֹ בַּעֲלֵי הַצֹּאן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
נוקד (shepherd) – it is the language of (Amos 1:1): "[דברי עמוס] אשר-היה בנקדים מתקוע"/[The words of Amos] a sheep breeder from Tekoa,” whose explanation is the owners of sheet. (Also, possibly the word נוקד (NUKAD) – a stamped, distinct coin).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:3:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:3:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:3:5)

**פַּרְכָדִיגְמָא.** לְמַטְבֵּעַ שֶׁנִּפְסַל קוֹרִין כֵּן בְּלָשׁוֹן יְוָנִי. אַף זֶה נִפְסַל מִתּוֹרַת אַיִל וּמִתּוֹרַת כֶּבֶשׂ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
פרכדיגמא (false coin, counterfeit) -to a coin that is invalid that they call it PARCHADIGMA in the Greek language. Even this is invalid from the designation/definition of an איל or of a כבש.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:3:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:3:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:3:6)

**מֵבִיא עָלָיו נִסְכֵּי אַיִל.** שְׁלִישִׁית הַהִין. וְנַפְקָא לָן מִדִּכְתִיב אוֹ לָאַיִל, לְרַבּוֹת אֶת הַפַּלְגָּס לְנִסְכֵּי אַיִל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מביא עליו נכסי אלי – one-third of a Hin. And we derive it from the fact that it is written (Numbers 7:6-7): “the case of a ram, [you shall present as a grain offering: two-thirds of a measure of choice flour with a third of a Hin of oil mixed in] and a third of a Hin of wine as a libation – [as an offering of pleasing odor to the LORD],” to include the פלגס/sheep beyond the age of a כבש and below that of an איל.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:4:1)

**חַטּאֹת הַצִּבּוּר.** כְּגוֹן שְׂעִירֵי רָאשֵׁי חֳדָשִׁים וְשֶׁל מוֹעֲדוֹת וְעוֹלוֹתֵיהֶן, כֻּלְּהוּ בְנֵי שָׁנָה נִינְהוּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חטאות הצבור (see Leviticus 4:14) – as for example the goats of the New Moons and the Festivals and their burnt offerings (see Numbers 28:3 and following) , all of them are a year old.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:4:2)

**חַטַּאת הַיָּחִיד.** כִּשְׂבָּה אוֹ שְׂעִירָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חטאת היחיד (see Leviticus 4:28, 32 and 5:6) – a female sheep or a female goat.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:4:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:4:3)

**וְאִם הִקְרִיבוּם בְּיוֹם שְׁמִינִי כְּשֵׁרִים.** דִּכְתִיב (ויקרא כב) וּמִיּוֹם הַשְּׁמִינִי וָהָלְאָה יֵרָצֶה, וְנֶאֱמַר בִּבְכוֹר (שמות כב) בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁמִינִי תִּתְּנוֹ לִי, מַה בְּכוֹר עָשָׂה יוֹם שְׁמִינִי כִּשְׁמִינִי וָהָלְאָה, אַף בִּשְׁאָר קָרְבָּנוֹת עָשָׂה יוֹם שְׁמִינִי כִּשְׁמִינִי וָהָלְאָה. מִיהוּ בְּמִידִי דְחוֹבָה מִצְוָה מִן הַמֻּבְחָר לְהָבִיא מִיּוֹם שְׁלֹשִׁים וָאֵילָךְ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואם הקריבום שיום השמיני כשרים – as it is written (Leviticus 22:27): “and from the eighth day on it shall be acceptable [as a gift to the LORD},” and it is stated regarding a firstborn (Exodus 22:29): “[You shall do the same with your cattle and your flocks: seven days it shall remain with its mother;] on the eighth day you shall give it to Me,” just as the firstborn that he made the eighth day like the eighth [day] and beyond, so also with the rest of the sacrifices he made the eighth day like the eighth [day] and beyond. However, with a matter that is an obligation of the most preferable way of performing a Mitzvah is to bring it from the thirtieth day onward.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:4:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Parah 1:4:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Parah/r/1:4:4)

**וְהַפֶּסַח.** אַף עַל גַּב דְּחוֹבָה הוּא, לֹא חָשׁוּ חֲכָמִים, מִשּׁוּם דְּנָסְבֵי לְפִי נְפָשׁוֹת, שֶׁלֹּא יָבֹא לִידֵי נוֹתָר כֵּיוָן שֶׁאֵינוֹ נֶאֱכָל [אֶלָּא] לַחֲבוּרָה אֶחָת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
והפסח – even though it is an obligation, the Sages were not quiet/silent, because they take it according to the number of souls, so that they don’t come to a case of left over (i.e., part of the offering left over after time permitted for it to be eat. One who eats the leftover portions of an offering is punishable by extirpation – see Tractate Zevahim, Chapter 5, Mishnah 8 which states that the Passover offering an only be consumed until midnight) since it is not eaten [other] than for one fellowship.