## Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat Chapter 24

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:1:1)

**מִי שֶׁהֶחְשִׁיךְ.** נוֹתֵן כִּיסוֹ לְנָכְרִי. מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם. וְאַף עַל גַּב דִּשְׁלוּחוֹ שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל הוּא לִשָּׂא אֶת כִּיסוֹ בְּשַׁבָּת, קִים לְהוּ לְרַבָּנָן דְּאֵין אָדָם מַעֲמִיד עַצְמוֹ עַל מָמוֹנוֹ, וְאִי לֹא שָׁרֵית לֵיהּ אָתֵי לַאֲתוֹיֵי אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מי שהחשיך. נותן כיסו לנכרי – while it is still daylight, and even though he is the agent of an Israelite to carry his money-bag on the Sabbath, the Rabbis have established that a person will not restrain himself from defending his property (see Talmud Shabbat 72a), for if they don’t permit him, he will come to carry four cubits in the public domain [on Shabbat].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:1:2)

**וְאִם אֵין עִמּוֹ נָכְרִי כוּ'.** הָא יֵשׁ עִמּוֹ נָכְרִי, לַנָּכְרִי יָהֵיב לֵיהּ, מַאי טַעְמָא, חֲמוֹר אַתָּה מְצֻוֶּה עַל שְׁבִיתָתוֹ, נָכְרִי אִי אַתָּה מְצֻוֶּה עַל שְׁבִיתָתוֹ. וּכְשֶׁמֵּנִיחַ כִּיסוֹ עַל הַחֲמוֹר מִשֶּׁתֶּחְשַׁךְ מְנִיחוֹ עָלֶיהָ כְּשֶׁהִיא מְהַלֶּכֶת, כְּלוֹמַר לְאַחַר שֶׁעָקְרָה רַגְלֶיהָ לֵילֵךְ, דְּלֹא עָבְדָה עֲקִירָה, וּכְשֶׁרוֹצָה הַבְּהֵמָה לַעֲמֹד נוֹטְלוֹ מֵעָלֶיהָ, וּלְאַחַר שֶׁתַּחְזֹר וְתַעֲקֹר רַגְלֶיהָ לֵילֵךְ יְנִיחֶנָּה עָלֶיהָ, כִּי הֵיכִי דְּלֹא תַעֲבִיד הַבְּהֵמָה עֲקִירָה וַהֲנָחָה, דְּאִי שָׁבֵיק לַהּ לְמֶעְבַּד עֲקִירָה וַהֲנָחָה וְהוּא מְחַמֵּר אַחֲרֶיהָ וּמַנְהִיגָהּ נִמְצָא מְחַמֵּר אַחַר בְּהֶמְתּוֹ בְּשַׁבָּת וְאָסוּר, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינָהּ טְעוּנָה אֶלָּא כָּל דְּהוּ, דִּכְתִיב (שמות כ) לֹא תַעֲשֶׂה [כָּל] מְלָאכָה אַתָּה וּבְהֶמְתְּךָ, אֵיזוֹ הִיא מְלָאכָה שֶׁנַּעֲשֵׂית בֵּין הָאָדָם וְהַבְּהֵמָה, הֱוֵי אוֹמֵר זֶה מְחַמֵּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואם אין עמו נכרי כו' – but if he has a heathen with him, he will give it to the heathen. What is the reason? A donkey, you are commanded to let his animals rest; but a heathen, you are not commanded to let him rest. For when he places his money-bag on the donkey when it gets dark [on Friday], he leaves it on her while she is walking, that is to say, after she has uprooted her leg to walk, she has not performed “uprooting” and when the animal wishes to stand, he takes it from upon her, but after she resumes and uproots her leg to walk, he places it upon her, in order that the animal not perform uprooting and placing down, for if he left her to perform uprooting and placing down, and he loads her or leads her, it is found that he is loading his animal on Shabbat and that is prohibited even though she is not loaded other than with something [minimal] , as it is written (Exodus 20:10): “You shall not do [any] work, you, [your son or daughter, your male or female slave,] or your cattle…” What is the work that is done whether by a person or the animal? One could say that it is loading/piling on.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:1:3)

**הִגִּיעַ לֶחָצֵר הַחִיצוֹנָה.** מִלְּתָא בְּאַנְפֵּי נַפְשַׁהּ הִיא וְלֹא בְּדִין כִּיסוֹ קָא מַיְרֵי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הגיע לחצר החיצונה – it is thing that is taught separately for itself, and the law of his money-bag that we are speaking of.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:1:4)

**לֶחָצֵר הַחִיצוֹנָה.** שֶׁל עִיר, שֶׁהוּא מָקוֹם הַמִּשְׁתַּמֵּר רִאשׁוֹן, כְּשֶׁיָּבֹא לְפָרֵק הַחֲמוֹר נוֹטֵל בְּיָדוֹ מֵעָלָיו כֵּלִים הַנִּטָּלִין בְּשַׁבָּת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לחצר החיצונה – of the city which a place where it will be guarded first when he comes to unload the donkey, he takes by his hand from it utensils that are handled on the Sabbath.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:1:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:1:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:1:5)

**וְשֶׁאֵינָם נִטָּלִים מַתִּיר אֶת הַחֲבָלִים.** שֶׁל אֻכָּף שֶׁהֵן קְשׁוּרִים, וְהַשַּׂקִּין נוֹפְלִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ושאינם ניטלים מתיר את החבלים – of the saddle which are tied up and the sacks fall.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:2:1)

**פְּקִיעֵי עָמִיר.** קַשִּׁין שֶׁל שִׁבֳּלִים שֶׁאֲגָדָן, מַתִּירִין אוֹתָן, דְּכָל זְמַן שֶׁהֵן קְשׁוּרִין לָאו אֹכְלָא נִינְהוּ, וּמַתִּירִין אוֹתָן לִישַׁוִּינְהוּ אֹכְלָא, אֲבָל פִּסְפּוּס, לְפַזְּרָן כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁרְגִילִין לְפַזֵּר עֲשָׂבִים לִפְנֵי בְּהֵמָה כְּדֵי שֶׁתָּרִיחַ רֵיחָן וְיִהְיוּ יָפִין לָהּ לְאָכְלָן, אָסוּר בִּפְקִיעֵי עָמִיר, דְּמֵאַחַר דְּאִתְעֲבִידוּ אֹכְלָא בְּהֶתֵּר הַפְּקִיעִין, וְהַפִּסְפּוּס אֵינוֹ אֶלָּא לְתַעֲנוּג בְּעָלְמָא, וּמִטְרַח בְּדָבָר שֶׁהוּא כְּבָר אֹכֶל לֹא טָרְחִינַן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
פקיעי עמיר – straw of ears of corn that were tied together, we loosen them, for all the while that they are tied together they are not food/eatables, and we loosen them to make them into food, but we spread them to scatter them in the manner that we scatter grasses before the animal in order that it would smell it their scent and it would be nice for her to consume them, but it is prohibited with bundles of sheaves, for after they have made it into food, they untying bundles/bunch and the that which is spread, it is not other than for mere enjoyment, but he is troubling himself with something that is already food, we don’t trouble ourselves with it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:2:2)

**וּמְפַסְפְּסִים אֶת הַכֵּפִים.** עֲנָפִים לַחִים שֶׁל אֶרֶז, מְפַזְּרִים וְשׁוֹטְחִים אוֹתָן לִפְנֵי הַבְּהֵמָה שֶׁתָּרִיחַ רֵיחָן, דִּבְלָאו פִּסְפּוּס לֹא הָווּ אֹכְלָא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ומפספסים את הכיפים – moist cedar branches we spread out and stretch them in front of the animal in order that it would smell their scent for without spreading them out, they are not food.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:2:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:2:3)

**אֲבָל לֹא אֶת הַזֵּרִין.** הֵן הֵן פְּקִיעֵי עָמִיר, אֶלָּא שֶׁהַפְּקִיעִין יֵשׁ לָהֶן שְׁנֵי קְשָׁרִים, אֶחָד בְּרֹאשָׁן וְאֶחָד בְּסוֹפָן, וְהַזֵּרִין יֵשׁ לָהֶן שְׁלֹשָׁה קְשָׁרִים, קֶשֶׁר אֶחָד יָתֵר בְּאֶמְצָעָן. וְקָאָמְרָה מַתְנִיתִין שֶׁאֵין מְפַסְפְּסִים אֶת הַזֵּרִין וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהֵן דְּחוּקִים זֶה בָּזֶה וּמִתְחַמְּמִים וְהַבְּהֵמָה קָצָה בָּהֶן, אֶלָּא מַתִּיר שְׁלֹשָׁה אֲגָדֵיהֶן בִּלְבַד, דְּהַתָּרַת אֲגָדֵיהֶן מְשַׁוִּי לַהּ אֹכְלָא כִּפְקִיעִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אבל לא את הזירין – they are bundles of sheaves but these bundles have two ties, one at their head and another at their end, but the small bunches/capsules have three bands (see Talmud Shabbat 155a) - one additional connection in their middle and our Mishnah mentions it for we do not spread these bundles of sheaves, even though they are pressed against each other and become heated, for the animals set them aside but rather, he loosens three bunches only, for the loosening of the bands is a burden for her and the food is like bunches [when tied with two bands].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:2:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:2:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:2:4)

**אֵין מְרַסְּקִין אֶת הַשַּׁחַת.** אֵין מְחַתְּכִין עֵשֶׂב שֶׁל תְּבוּאָה, וְהִיא אַסְפַּסְתָּא, מִשּׁוּם דְּטִרְחָא שֶׁלֹּא לְצֹרֶךְ הוּא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אין מרסקין את השחת – we don’t cut grass of grain and this is fodder for cattle because it is a trouble that is not necessary.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:2:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:2:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:2:5)

**רַבִּי יְהוּדָה מַתִּיר בֶּחָרוּבִין לִבְהֵמָה דַקָּה.** שֶׁשִּׁנֶּיהָ דַּקּוֹת, וְקָשִׁין לָהּ. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רבי יהודה מתיר בחרובין לבהמה דקה – since its teeth are thin and hard for her, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:3:1)

**אֵין אוֹבְסִין.** [אֵין] מַאֲכִילִין אוֹתוֹ עַל כָּרְחוֹ וְתוֹחֲבִים לוֹ בִּגְרוֹנוֹ, וּפֵרוּשׁ אוֹבְסִין, עוֹשִׂין לָהּ אֵבוּס בְּתוֹךְ מֵעֶיהָ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אין אובסין – we [don’t] force feed it and stick it down its throat; and the explanation of "אובסין" is making a manger of her stomach (i.e., fill it up to swelling – see Talmud Shabbat 155b).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:3:2)

**וְלֹא דוֹרְסִים.** שֶׁדּוֹרֵס הַמַּאֲכָל לְתוֹךְ גְּרוֹנָהּ. וּמִיהוּ לֹא הֲוֵי כְּמוֹ אוֹבְסִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ולא דורסים – when he stuff’s food into the camel’s throat, however, this is not like "אובסין"/not making her a manger of her stomach (fill up to swelling).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:3:3)

**אֲבָל מַלְעִיטִים.** שֶׁתּוֹחֵב לוֹ הַמַּאֲכָל לְמָקוֹם שֶׁיָּכוֹל לְהַחְזִיר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אבל מלעיטים – that you insert the food to a place where it can come back (and be rechewed).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:3:4)

**אֵין מְמָרְאִין.** מְפַטְּמִין, לְשׁוֹן וְחֵלֶב מְרִיאִים (ישעיה א). וּפֵרוּשׁ הַמְרָאָה, שֶׁתּוֹחֵב לוֹ הַמַּאֲכָל לִפְנִים מִבֵּית הַבְּלִיעָה בְּמָקוֹם שֶׁאֵינוֹ יָכֹל לְהַחְזִיר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואין ממראין – to fatten, from the language of (Isaiah 1:11): “and suet of fatlings” – and the explanation is that they insert in it (i.e., the calf) the food inside from the esophagus, in a place where it cannot come back up.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:3:5)

**וּמְהַלְקְטִין לַתַּרְנְגוֹלִין.** שֶׁתּוֹחֵב הַמַּאֲכָל לְתוֹךְ פִּיו בְּמָקוֹם שֶׁיָּכוֹל לְהַחְזִיר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ומהלקטין לתרנגולים – that he inserts the food into its mouth into a place where it can come back up.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:3:6)

**אֲבָל לֹא גוֹבְלִין.** אֵין לָשִׁין אוֹתוֹ בַּמַּיִם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אבל לא גובלין – they do not knead it in water.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:3:7)

**אֵין נוֹתְנִין מַיִם לִפְנֵי דְבוֹרִים.** שֶׁאֵין מְזוֹנוֹתֵיהֶן עָלָיו, שֶׁיּוֹצְאִין וְאוֹכְלִין בַּשָּׂדֶה וּמַיִם מְצוּיִין לָהֶם בָּאֲגַמִּים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אין נותנין מים לפני דבורים – for their food is not upon him (i.e., the owner) since they go out and eat in the fields and water is found for them in lakes.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:3:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:3:8)

**דּוֹרְסִיאוֹת.** יוֹנִים שֶׁגְּדֵלִים בַּבָּתִּים. וְנִקְרָאִים דּוֹרְסִיאוֹת עַל שֵׁם הוֹרְדּוּס הַמֶּלֶךְ שֶׁהָיָה מְגַדֵּל מֵהֶן בְּאַרְמוֹנוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
דורסיאות – doves that grow up in houses and they are called דורסיאות – on account of King Herod who raised them in his palace.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:4:1)

**מְחַתְּכִין אֶת הַדְּלוּעִין.** הַתְּלוּשִׁין לִפְנֵי הַבְּהֵמָה, וְאַף עַל גַּב דִּסְתָמָן לָאו לְמַאֲכַל בְּהֵמָה קַיְּמֵי אֶלָּא לָאָדָם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מחתכין את הדלועין – that are detached before the cattle and even though they usually are not the food for animals, they exist only for humans.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:4:2)

**וְאֶת הַנְּבֵלָה.** שֶׁנִּתְנַבְּלָה הַיּוֹם, וְאַף עַל גַּב דְּבֵין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת הָיְתָה עוֹמֶדֶת לָאָדָם וְלֹא לַבְּהֵמָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואת הנבלה – that had become ritually forbidden by unskillful slaughtering that day, and even though it was at twilight, it stood for humans and not for animals.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:4:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:4:3)

**רבי יהודה אומר אם לא היתה נבילה מע״ש אסורה.** דכל מידי דחזי לאינש לא מקצה ליה לבהמה. ואפילו חולה מע״ש, סובר שתתרפא. ואין הלכה כרבי יהודה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רבי יהודה אומר אם לא היתה נבילה מע"ש אסורה – for anything that is appropriate for humans, it is not set aside for animals, and even if it is sick from the Eve of the Sabbath, we hold that it would heal, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:5:1)

**מְפִירִין.** בַּעַל לְאִשְׁתּוֹ וְאָב לְבִתּוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מפירין – a husband to his wife and/or a a father to his daughter.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:5:2)

**וְנִשְׁאָלִין.** לֶחָכָם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ונשאלין – to a Sage.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:5:3)

**שֶׁהֵן לְצֹרֶךְ הַשַּׁבָּת.** כְּגוֹן שֶׁנָּדַר שֶׁלֹּא יֹאכַל הַיּוֹם. וְאַנִּשְׁאָלִין דַּוְקָא קָאֵי, דְּאִלּוּ בַּעַל אוֹ אָב מֵפֵר בֵּין נְדָרִים שֶׁהֵן לְצֹרֶךְ הַשַּׁבָּת בֵּין נְדָרִים שֶׁאֵינָן לְצֹרֶךְ הַשַּׁבָּת, כֵּיוָן שֶׁאֵינוֹ יָכֹל לְהָפֵר אֶלָּא בְּיוֹם שָׁמְעוֹ בִּלְבַד. וּנְדָרִים שֶׁהֵן לְצֹרֶךְ הַשַּׁבָּת אֲפִלּוּ הָיָה לוֹ פְּנַאי לְהִשָּׁאֵל עֲלֵיהֶם קֹדֶם הַשַּׁבָּת נִשְׁאָלִין עֲלֵיהֶם בְּשַׁבָּת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שהן לצורך השבת – such as that he vowed that he would not eat today and if made enquiry it specifically speaks of, for if it were a husband or a father annulling [a vow], whether they are for vows for the needs of the Sabbath, or whether they are for vows that are not for the needs of the Sabbath, for since he cannot to annual other than during the day of it being heard alone, and vows which are for the needs of the Sabbath, even if he had the free time to enquire about them before the [onset of] Shabbat, he enquires about them on Shabbat.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:5:4)

**וּפוֹקְקִין אֶת הַמָּאוֹר.** הַחַלּוֹן שֶׁמִּמֶּנּוּ הָאוֹרָה נִכְנֶסֶת, סוֹתְמִין אוֹתוֹ בְּלוּחַ אוֹ בִּשְׁאָר כָּל דָּבָר שֶׁרְגִילִים לִסְתֹּם בּוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ופוקקי את המאור – [he plugs/stops up] the window that from which the light enters he closes it up with a board or with the rest of anything that it is customary to stop it up with.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:5:5)

**וּמוֹדְדִין אֶת הַמַּטְלִית.** כְּגוֹן אִם הָיְתָה טְמֵאָה וְנָגְעָה בְּטָהֳרוֹת, מוֹדְדִין אוֹתָהּ אִם יֵשׁ בָּהּ שָׁלֹשׁ אֶצְבָּעוֹת עַל שָׁלֹשׁ אֶצְבָּעוֹת לֵידַע אִם נִטְמְאוּ הַטָּהֳרוֹת אִם לָאו, דְּמַטְלִית פְּחוּתָה מִשָּׁלֹשׁ עַל שָׁלֹשׁ אֵינָהּ לֹא מִטַּמְּאָה וְלֹא מְטַמְּאָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ומודדין את המטלית – it if was ritually impure and came into contact with something ritually pure, we measure it [to see] if it has three fingers by three fingers to know if it the ritually pure things were defiled or not for a strip/patch that is less than three by three does not defile nor becomes defiled.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:5:6)

**וְאֶת הַמִּקְוֶה.** לֵידַע אִם יֵשׁ בָּהּ אַמָּה עַל אַמָּה בְּרוּם שָׁלֹשׁ אַמּוֹת. שֶׁאֵלּוּ מְדִידוֹת שֶׁל מִצְוָה הֵן, לְפִיכָךְ מֻתָּר לִמְדֹּד אוֹתָן בְּשַׁבָּת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואת המקוה – to know if it has a cubit by a cubit at a depth of thee cubits, for it they are measurements of a Mitzvah, therefore, it is permissible to measure them on Shabbat.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:5:7)

**שֶׁפָּקְקוּ אֶת הַמָּאוֹר.** אֶת הַחַלּוֹן. וְקָרוּי מָאוֹר, שֶׁמִּמֶּנּוּ הָאוֹרָה נִכְנֶסֶת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שפקקו את המאור – the window and it is called – "מאור" – for through it the light enters.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:5:8)

**בְּטָפִיחַ.** פַּךְ שֶׁל חֶרֶס:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בטפיח – an earthenware pitcher.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:5:9)

**מְקֵדָה.** כְּלִי חֶרֶס:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מקדה – an earthenware utensil.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:10
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:5:10)

**בְּגֶמִי.** לְהָכִי נָקַט גֶּמִי, שֶׁרָאוּי לְמַאֲכַל בְּהֵמָה וְלֹא מְבַטֵּל לֵיהּ לִהְיוֹת קֶשֶׁר שֶׁל קְיָמָא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בגמי – for this reason, it (i.e., the Mishnah) took גמי/bulrush or reed-grass which is appropriate for the food of cattle and is not eliminated from being a permanent knot.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:11
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:5:11)

**לֵידַע אִם יֵשׁ בַּגִּיגִית פּוֹתֵחַ טֶפַח.** כְּמִין שְׁבִיל קָטָן הָיָה בֵּין שְׁנֵי בָּתִּים שֶׁלֹּא הָיָה מְקוּרֶה, אֶלָּא שֶׁגִּיגִית מֻנַּחַת עַל גַּבּוֹ, וְהָיוּ חַלּוֹנוֹת פְּתוּחוֹת מִן הַבָּתִּים אֶל הַשְּׁבִיל, וְהָיוּ חוֹשְׁשִׁין שֶׁמָּא יָמוּת מֵת בְּבַיִת אֶחָד וּתְהֵא הַטֻּמְאָה בָּא מִן הַחַלּוֹן אֶל הַשְּׁבִיל וּמִן הַשְּׁבִיל אֶל הַבַּיִת הָאַחֵר דֶּרֶךְ הַחַלּוֹן הַפָּתוּחַ, לְפִיכָךְ פָּקְקוּ אֶת הַחַלּוֹן הַפָּתוּחַ לַבַּיִת שֶׁהַטֻּמְאָה בְּתוֹכוֹ בְּטָפִיחַ שֶׁל חֶרֶס וְגַבּוֹ לְצַד הַשְּׁבִיל, וּכְלִי חֶרֶס אֵינוֹ מִטַּמֵּא מִגַּבּוֹ, וְחוֹצֵץ, כִּי חָשְׁשׁוּ שֶׁמָּא אֵין בְּסֶדֶק הַגִּיגִית פּוֹתֵחַ טֶפַח וְנִמְצֵאת הַגִּיגִית מַאֲהֶלֶת עַל הַשְּׁבִיל וְהַטֻּמְאָה בָּאָה דֶּרֶךְ הַשְּׁבִיל מִבַּיִת זֶה לְבַיִת זֶה. אַחַר כָּךְ הֻצְרְכוּ לִפְתֹּחַ הַחַלּוֹן וְלִטֹּל אוֹתוֹ טָפִיחַ הַפָּקוּק בַּחַלּוֹן, וּבָאוּ לֵידַע אִם יֵשׁ בְּאוֹתוֹ סֶדֶק שֶׁל גִּיגִית פּוֹתֵחַ טֶפַח וְאֵין שָׁם אֹהֶל בְּאוֹתוֹ שְׁבִיל לְהָבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה, שֶׁהַטֻּמְאָה יוֹצְאָה מִן הַשְּׁבִיל דֶּרֶךְ סֶדֶק שֶׁבַּגִּיגִית כְּלַפֵּי מַעְלָה. אוֹ אֵין בַּסֶּדֶק שֶׁל גִּיגִית פּוֹתֵחַ טֶפַח, וְנִמְצֵאת הַשְּׁבִיל כְּאֹהֶל וּמְבִיאָה אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה מִבַּיִת לְבַיִת. וּמָדְדוּ מְקֵדָה שֶׁל חֶרֶס וּקְשָׁרוּהָ בְּגֶמִי וְהוֹשִׁיטוּהָ כְּלַפֵּי מַעְלָה, לִרְאוֹת אִם הָיָה בְּסֶדֶק הַגִּיגִית פּוֹתֵחַ טֶפַח אִם לָאו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לידע אם יש בגיגית פותח טפח – a sort of small passageway that was between two houses so was not natural but rather that the barrel was placed on top of it, and their windows were open from the houses to the passageway, and they were worried lest someone die in one house and that the ritual impurity would come from the window to the passageway and from the passageway to the other house via the open window, therefore, they stopped up the open window to the house where the ritual defilement was inside with an earthenware pitcher and its back was to the side of the passageway for the earthenware utensil does not become defiled from its back and leaves a space between the two partitions, but they were concerned lest there wasn’t in the slit of the barrel an opening of a handbreadth, and it would be found that the barrel overshadows on the passageway and the ritual defilement comes through the passageway from one house to the other house. After that, it is was necessary to open the window and ot take that stopped up pitcher in the window and they came to know if there was in that slit of the barrel an opening of a handbreadth, and if there wasn’t a tent in that passageway to bring in the ritual defilement. For the ritual defilement goes out from the passageway via the slit in the barrel towards above, or if the slit in the barrel is not open one handbreadth, and it was found that the passageway itself was like a tent and brought the ritual defilement from one house to the other. And they measured the earthenware fire pot/potsherd for carrying fire and tied it with bulrushes and stretched it towards above to see if there was in the slit of the barrel opened a handbreadth or not.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:12
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat 24:5:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shabbat/r/24:5:12)

**ומדבריהם למדנו שפוקקין וקושרין ומודדין בשבת.** ובלבד שלא יהיה קשר של קיימא, והמדידה תהיה של מצוה, או להתלמד על דבר הוראה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ומדבריהם למדנו שפוקקין וקושרין ומודדין בשבת – as long as it was not a permanent knot, for the measurement would be for a Mitzvah or to practice on what is a decision/instruction.