## Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit Chapter 4

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:1:1)

**בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה.** כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁהוּא מְלַקֵּט מֵחֲבֵרוֹ אֶת הַגַּס הַגַּס. הָכִי מְפָרְשָׁא מַתְנִיתִין בַּיְרוּשַׁלְמִי, בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה הָיוּ אוֹמְרִים מְלַקֵּט אָדָם בְּתוֹךְ שֶׁלּוֹ אֶת הַגַּס הַגַּס כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁמְּלַקֵּט בְּשֶׁל חֲבֵרוֹ, בֵּין גַּסִּין בֵּין דַּקִּין, וְאַף עַל גַּב דְּעֵצִים וַעֲשָׂבִים כְּשֶׁמְּלַקְּטִים אוֹתָן מִתּוֹךְ הַשָּׂדֶה מְתַקֵּן הַשָּׂדֶה לִזְרִיעָה, כְּשֶׁמְּלַקֵּט הַגַּס כְּלוֹמַר הָעֵצִים וְהָעֲשָׂבִים הַגַּסִּים וּמַנִּיחַ אֶת הַדַּקִּין, תָּלִינַן דְּצָרִיךְ לָעֵצִים הוּא וְלָאו לְתַקֵּן אֶת הַקַּרְקַע קָעָבֵיד, כְּדֶרֶךְ דְּתָלִינַן בִּמְלַקֵּט בִּשְׂדֵה חֲבֵרוֹ בֵּין דַּקִּין וּבֵין גַּסִּין, דְּלֹא עָבֵיד אִינָשׁ לְתַקֵּן שְׂדֵה חֲבֵרוֹ וּמֵידַע יְדִיעַ דְּלָעֵצִים הוּא צָרִיךְ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בראשונה. כדרך שהוא מלקט מחברו את הגס הגס – this Mishnah is explained in the Jerusalem [Talmud]. – at first they would say that a person could gather within his own [field] the large ones in the manner that he gathers that of his neighbor, whether large whether small, and even though that wood and grasses when we collect them from within the field, he is clearing the field for sowing, when he gathers the large ones, meaning to say, the wood and the large grasses and leaves the small ones, we rely that he needs the wood and not to clear/repair the land he is doing so, in the manner that we rrely with someone who gathers in the field of his neighbor whether small or whether large, for a person doesn’ act to clear/repair the field of his neighbor and he certainly knows that it is for the wood tha the needs.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:1:2)

**מִשֶּׁרַבּוּ עוֹבְרֵי עֲבֵרָה.** שֶׁהָיוּ מְלַקְּטִין בִּשְׂדוֹתֵיהֶן בֵּין דַּקִּים בֵּין גַּסִּין וְהֵן אוֹמְרִים בַּגַּסִּים לִקַּטְנוּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
משרבו עוברי עבירה – that they would gather in the fields whether small whether large, and they say hat we gathered large ones.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:1:3)

**שֶׁלֹּא בְטוֹבָה.** שֶׁאֵין חֲבֵרוֹ מַחֲזִיק לוֹ טוֹבָה, דְּהַשְׁתָּא וַדַּאי לֹא אָתֵי לְמִלְקָט הַדַּקִּין כֵּיוָן שֶׁאֵין חֲבֵרוֹ מַחֲזִיק לוֹ טוֹבָה עַל זֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שלא בטובה – that his neighbor does not attach merit, for now, he certainly does not come to gather the small ones, since his friend does not attach merit to this for now, he certainly doesn’t come to gather the small ones, since his neighbor does not attach merit on this.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:1:4)

**וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר שֶׁיְּקַצֵּץ לָהֶם מְזוֹנוֹת.** שֶׁיֹּאמַר לוֹ לְקֹט מִשָּׂדִי הַיּוֹם וְאֶתֵּן לְךָ מְזוֹנוֹתֶיךָ, דִּפְשִׁיטָא דְאָסוּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אין צריך לומר שיקצץ להם מזונות – that he would say to him, gather from my field today and I will give you your meals, for that is clearly prohibited.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:2:1)

**שֶׁנִּתְקַוְּצָה.** שֶׁנִּטְּלוּ קוֹצֶיהָ בַּשְּׁבִיעִית:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שנתקווצה – that took its thorns out in the Seventh Year.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:2:2)

**שֶׁנִּטַּיְּבָה.** שֶׁנֶּחְרְשָׁה הֵיטֵב, שֶׁכָּל הָעוֹלָם חוֹרְשִׁים פַּעַם אַחַת וְהוּא חָרַשׁ שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים. וּמַתְנִיתִין אַיְרֵי בִּשְׁעַת הַסַּכָּנָה שֶׁהָיְתָה הַמַּלְכוּת אוֹנֶסֶת עַל הַמַּס הַמּוּטָל עַל הַקַּרְקָעוֹת וְהִתִּירוּ לַחֲרֹשׁ בַּשְּׁבִיעִית כְּדֵי לִתֵּן הַמַּס הַקָּצוּב מִתְּבוּאָתָהּ לַמֶּלֶךְ, וְאִם חָרַשׁ שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים קְנָסוּהוּ רַבָּנָן, דַּחֲרִישָׁה אַחַת הִתִּירוּ וְלֹא שְׁתֵּי חֲרִישׁוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שנטייבה – that was well plowed for the entire world plows one time and he plowed twice. But our Mishnah is speaking about a time of danger when the Kingdom (Rome) takes by force the tax that is placed upon the land masses and they permitted plowing in the Seventh Year in order to give the determined tax from its grain to the king, and if he plowed twice, the Rabbis fined him, for one plowing they permitted but not two plowings.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:2:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:2:3)

**אוֹ שֶׁנִּדַּיְּרָה.** שֶׁעָשׂוּ מִמֶּנָּה דִּיר לַבְּהֵמוֹת שֶׁעָשָׂה בָהּ סַהַר כִּדְאָמְרִינַן בְּפִרְקִין דִּלְעֵיל, וְלֹא עָשָׂה מִמֶּנּוּ אַשְׁפּוֹת אֶלָּא הִנִּיחוֹ כְּדֵי לְזַבֵּל בּוֹ הַשָּׂדֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
או שנדיירה – lthat they made from it a pen for the cattle that made with it an enclosure for cattle as we stated in the chapter above (Tractate Sheviit, Chapter 3, Mishnah 4), and di dnot make from it dung-heaps but rather left it in order to manure the field with it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:2:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:2:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:2:4)

**לֹא תִזָּרַע לְמוֹצָאֵי שְׁבִיעִית.** דְּקָנְסִינַן לֵיהּ בַּהֲנֵי יוֹתֵר מִבְּנִתְקַוְּצָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לא תזרע למוצאי שביעית – for we fine him in that which is greater than removing the thorns.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:2:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:2:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:2:5)

**בְּטוֹבָה.** אָסוּר, דְּאֵין מַחֲזִיקִין טוֹבָה לַבְּעָלִים, דְּרַחֲמָנָא אַפְקְרִינְהוּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בטובה – it is forbidden we don’t attach merit to it to the owners for the All-Merciful made them ownerless.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:2:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:2:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:2:6)

**חִלּוּף הַדְּבָרִים.** דְּבֵית שַׁמַּאי לְקֻלָּא. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חלוף הדברים – that the School of Shammai is lenient, But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:3:1)

**חוֹכְרִין נִירִין.** יָכוֹל יִשְׂרָאֵל לְקַבֵּל עָלָיו בְּכָךְ וְכָךְ כּוֹרִים לְשָׁנָה שְׂדֵה הַנָּכְרִי שֶׁחֲרָשָׁהּ בַּשְּׁבִיעִית לְזָרְעָהּ לְמוֹצָאֵי שְׁבִיעִית, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁגּוֹרֵם לַנָּכְרִי לַחֲרֹשׁ בַּשְּׁבִיעִית. נִירִין לְשׁוֹן נִירוּ לָכֶם נִיר (ירמיה ד):

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חוכרין נירין – an Israelite can receive for it for such and such Korim for a year the field of a heathen that was plowed in the Seventh Year to be sown in the aftermath of the Seventh Year, and even though it causes the heathen to plow in the Seventh Year. [The word] ניר/freshly, newly plowed field , is the language of (Jeremiah 4:3): “Break up the untilled ground, [and do not ow among thorns].”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:3:2)

**וּמַחֲזִיקִים יְדֵי נָכְרִים.** אִם מְצָאוֹ חוֹרֵשׁ יָכוֹל לוֹמַר לוֹ יִישַׁר כֹּחֲךָ וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָזֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ומחזיקים ידי נכרים – if they found hi plowing, he can say to him, “May your strength (health) be firm,” and things of a similar manner.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:3:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:3:3)

**וְשׁוֹאֲלִים בִּשְׁלוֹמָן.** וַאֲפִלּוּ בְּיוֹם חַגָּם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ושואלים בשלומן – and even on the day of their idolatrous festival.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:4:1)

**הַמֵּדֵל בַּזֵּיתִים.** כְּשֶׁהַזֵּיתִים מְקוֹרָבִים זֶה לָזֶה יוֹתֵר מִדַּאי נוֹטֵל אֶחָד וּמַנִּיחַ שְׁנַיִם אוֹ נוֹטֵל שְׁנַיִם וּמַנִּיחַ אֶחָד כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּגְדַּל וְיִתְעַבֶּה. מֵדֵל לְשׁוֹן שְׁלִיפָה וַהֲסָרָה, וְיֵשׁ מְפָרְשִׁים לְשׁוֹן דִּלְדּוּל וְדַלּוּת, שֶׁמְּדַלְדֵּל שָׂדֵהוּ מִן הַזֵּיתִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
המדל בזיתים – when the olive [trees] become too close to each other, he takes one [tree] and leaves two or he takes two [trees] and leaves one, in order that it should grow and thicken. [The word] מדל/thins out is the language of slipping off and removal, but there are those who explain it as the language of something torn in shreds and poverty when he reduces/weakens his field from the olives.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:4:2)

**יָגוֹם.** גּוֹמֵם וּמְקַצֵּץ הָאִילָן וּמַשְׁאִיר הַשֹּׁרֶשׁ בָּאָרֶץ, וְלֹא יְשָׁרֵשׁ לְגַמְרֵי, שֶׁלֹּא יֵרָאֶה כְּעוֹבֵד אֶת הָאֲדָמָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
יגום – he razes and cuts down the tree and leaves the root in the ground, but he does not uproot it completely so that it will not appear like he is working the land.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:4:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:4:3)

**וּמוֹדִים בְּמַחֲלִיק.** כְּגוֹן אִם נוֹטֵל שְׁלֹשָׁה זֵיתִים זֶה בְּצַד זֶה, שֶׁמַּחֲלִיק פְּנֵי הַקַּרְקַע יוֹתֵר מִדַּאי, יֹאמְרוּ לַעֲבוֹדַת קַרְקַע הוּא מִתְכַּוֵּן וְאָסוּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ומודים במחליק – as for example, if he takes three olive [trees], one on the side of the other, that he smoothens the face of the field too much, they (i.e., people) will say that the intended to work the field, and that is prohibited.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:4:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:4:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:4:4)

**מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁל חֲבֵרוֹ אַף הַמַּחֲלִיק יְשָׁרֵשׁ.** דְּלֹא עָבֵיד אִינָשׁ שֶׁיְּתַקֵּן קַרְקַע חֲבֵרוֹ, וְיָדוּעַ דְּלָעֵצִים הוּא מְכַוֵּן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מתוך של חבירו כף המחליק ישרש- that a person doesn’t act that he clears/repairs the field of his neighbor, for it is known that intends only [to remove] the wood.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:5:1)

**לֹא יְחַפֶּה.** הַבִּקּוּעַ בְּעָפָר, שֶׁהֲרֵי הוּא מְתַקֵּן בְּכָךְ, שֶׁהֶעָפָר נַעֲשֶׂה טִיט וּמַשְׁבִּיחַ הָאִילָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לא יחפה – that is split in the dirt, for he would be clearing/improving [the land] through this, for the dust becomes plaster and improves the tree.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:5:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:5:2)

**בַּאֲבָנִים וּבְקַשׁ.** דַּהֲוֵי כְּמוֹשִׁיב שׁוֹמֵר שֶׁלֹּא יִיבַשׁ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
באבנים ובקש – for it is like restoring a guard that it should not dry out.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:5:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:5:3)

**בְּתוּלַת שִׁקְמָה.** שֶׁלֹּא נִקְצְצָה מֵעוֹלָם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בתולת שקמה – [a virgin tree] that was never cut down.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:5:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:5:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:5:4)

**מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא עֲבוֹדָה.** שֶׁהִיא מֻשְׁבַּחַת בְּכָךְ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מפני שהיא עבוה – and it improves it with this.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:5:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:5:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:5:5)

**כְּדַרְכָּהּ אָסוּר.** שֶׁהִיא מִתְגַּדֶּלֶת וּמִתְעַבָּה בְּכָךְ וַהֲוֵי כְּעֵין זוֹמֵר לַגְּפָנִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כדרכה אסור – that it grows and becomes thicker with this, and it is like pruning the vines.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:5:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:5:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:5:6)

**אֶלָּא מַגְבִּיהַּ עֲשָׂרָה.** שֶׁאֵין דֶּרֶךְ לְעוֹלָם לְכָרְתָהּ אֶלָּא לְמַטָּה מֵעֲשָׂרָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אלא מגביה עשרה – for it is not the manner ever to cut it other than below ten [handbreadths from the ground]


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:5:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:5:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:5:7)

**אוֹ גוֹמֵם מֵעַל הָאָרֶץ.** שֶׁאֵין דֶּרֶךְ לִכְרֹת אוֹתָהּ כָּךְ. וַהֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
או גומם מעל הארץ – for it is not the manner to cut it as such. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehuda.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:6:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:6:1)

**הַמְזַנֵּב בִּגְפָנִים.** מְקַטֵּעַ זַנְבוֹת הַגְּפָנִים כְּדֵי שֶׁיְּעַבֶּה הַגֶּזַע וְיִגְדַּל וְיִגְבַּר כֹּחוֹ, וְכֵן הַקּוֹצֵץ קָנִים כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּתְעַבּוּ וְיוֹסִיף כֹּחָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
המזנב גפנים – cut/lop off the extreme branches of the vine, on order that what grows from the trunk will grow and thicken and increase its strength, and similarly, he cuts reeds in order that they thicken and add to them.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:6:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:6:2)

**יַרְחִיק טֶפַח.** מִן הַקַּרְקַע, וְשׁוּב לֹא מֵחֲזֵי כַּעֲבוֹדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ירחיק טפח – [it should be distanced one handbreadth] from the ground and further it will not appear as work.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:6:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:6:3)

**שֶׁנִּפְשַׁח.** נִסְדַּק, כְּמוֹ (איכה ג) וַיְפַשְּׁחֵנִי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שנפשה – that was split, like (Lamentations 3:11): “[He has forced me off my way] and mangled me.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:6:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:6:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:6:4)

**לֹא שֶׁיַּעֲלֶה.** שֶׁיִּתְחַבְּרוּ סְדָקָיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לא שיעלה – that its split parts will not become reattached.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:6:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:6:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:6:5)

**אֶלָּא שֶׁלֹּא יוֹסִיף.** לִסָּדֵק:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אלא שלא יוסיף – to split further.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:7:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:7:1)

**מֵאֵימָתַי אוֹכְלִים פֵּרוֹת הָאִילָן בַּשְּׁבִיעִית.** מִשּׁוּם דְּדָרְשִׁינַן לְאָכְלָה וְלֹא לְהֶפְסֵד, וְאִם אוֹכְלָן קֹדֶם בִּשּׁוּלָן הַיְנוּ הֶפְסֵד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מאימתי אוכלים פירות האילן בשביעית – because we have expounded, “to eat it” and not “to become lost” and if they eat them before they ripen, that is loss.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:7:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:7:2)

**הַפַּגִּים.** פַּגֵּי תְאֵנָה כְּדִכְתִיב (שיר השירים ב) הַתְּאֵנָה חָנְטָה פַגֶּיהָ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הפגים – unripe dates, as it is written (Song of Songs 2:13): “The green figs form on the fig tree, [the vines in blossom give off fragrance].”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:7:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:7:3)

**מִשֶּׁהִזְרִיחוּ.** הֶאֱדִימוּ, וְזֶהוּ הַתְחָלַת בִּשּׁוּלָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
משהזריחו – they redden and this is the beginning of their ripening.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:7:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:7:4)

**אוֹכֵל בָּהֶם פִּתּוֹ בַּשָּׂדֶה.** אֲבָל לְלַקֵּט וּלְהַכְנִיס לַבַּיִת אֵינוֹ רַשַּׁאי עַד שֶׁיִּגָּמְרוּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אוכל בהם פתו בשדה – but to gather and to bring them into his house, he is not allowed until they should complete [their ripening].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:7:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:7:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:7:5)

**בִּחֲלוּ.** שֶׁגָּדַל הַרְבֵּה, וְדוֹמֶה לוֹ וְגַם נַפְשָׁם בָּחֲלָה בִי (זכריה יא). וּבַיְרוּשַׁלְמִי יָלִיף לַהּ מִדִּכְתִיב (ויקרא כה) תִּהְיֶה כָל תְּבוּאָתָהּ לֶאֱכֹל וּכְתִיב (שם) מִן הַשָּׂדֶה תֹּאכְלוּ אֶת תְּבוּאָתָהּ, בִּשְׁתֵּי תְבוּאוֹת הַכָּתוּב מְדַבֵּר, אַחַת מִן הַבַּיִת וְאַחַת מִן הַשָּׂדֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בחלו – that it grew a great deal, and similar to it (Zechariah 11:8): “and they in turn were disgusted with me.” But in the Jerusalem [Talmud] it derives it from (Leviticus 25:7): “[and your cattle and the beasts in your land] may eat all its yield,” and it is written (Leviticus 25:12): “you may only eat the growth directly from the field,” with two grains the Biblical verse speaks – one from the house and the other from the field.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:8:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:8:1)

**מִשֶּׁהֵבִיא מַיִם.** שֶׁסּוֹחֲטוֹ וְיוֹצֵא מִמֶּנּוּ מַשְׁקֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
משהביא מים – when he presses the fruit/wrings them out, and the liquid comes out from them.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:8:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:8:2)

**מִשֶּׁהִבְאִישׁוּ.** מִשֶּׁיִּקָּרְאוּ בָּאְשָׁה, וְהַיְנוּ כְּשֶׁיַּתְחִילוּ לְהִתְבַּשֵּׁל וְנִתְבַּשְּׁלוּ עַד שֶׁהַחַרְצַנִּים שֶׁבִּפְנִים נִרְאִים מִבַּחוּץ מִתּוֹךְ הַקְּלִפָּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
משהבאישו – when they are called in the early stage of ripening, and that is when they begin to ripen and they have ripened until the shells of the grapes that are inside appear from the outside from within the shell.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:9:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:9:1)

**רְבִיעִית לִסְאָה.** שֶׁמִּסְּאָה זֵיתִים יָכוֹל לְהוֹצִיא רְבִיעִית הַלֹּג שֶׁמֶן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רביעית לסאה – that from a Seah of olives, he is able to produce/bring forth a quarter of a Log of oil.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:9:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:9:2)

**פּוֹצֵעַ.** דֶּרֶךְ הַזֵּיתִים לְפָצְעָן כְּדֵי לְמַתֵּק מְרִירוּתָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
פוצע – it is the manner of olives to burst them open in order to sweeten their bitterness.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:9:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:9:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:9:3)

**וְאוֹכֵל בַּשָּׂדֶה.** דְּדָבָר שֶׁדַּרְכּוֹ לֶאֱכֹל הוּא. אֲבָל לָסוּךְ לֹא חָזוּ, וְאֵין סָכִין אֶלָּא בְּדָבָר שֶׁדַּרְכּוֹ לָסוּךְ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואוכל בשדה – for it is a thing whose manner is to eat it, but to pour oil, it was not fit, and they don’t pour oil other than from something whose manner is to pour oil.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:9:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:9:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:9:4)

**הִכְנִיסוּ חֲצִי לֹג.** שֶׁנִּתְבַּשְּׁלוּ עַד שֶׁהוּא יָכוֹל לְהוֹצִיא חֲצִי לֹג מִסְּאָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הכניסו חצי לוג – when they became ripe until he is able to remove one-half a LOG from a Seah.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:9:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:9:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:9:5)

**הִכְנִיסוּ שְׁלִישׁ.** שֶׁנִּתְגַּדְּלוּ שְׁלִישׁ מִמַּה שֶׁעֲתִידִים לְהִתְגַּדֵּל, אִי נַמִּי שֶׁמּוֹצִיא מֵהֶן עַכְשָׁיו שְׁלִישׁ מִמַּה שֶּׁמּוֹצִיא לִסְאָה כְּשֶׁנִּתְבַּשְּׁלוּ יָפֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הכניסו שלשי – when they have grown one -third from what they will eventually grow; alternatiely, when he removes from them now one-third from what he he removes for a Seah when they have ripened well.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:9:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:9:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:9:6)

**כָּךְ עוֹנָתָן לַשְּׁבִיעִית.** אֵין אוֹכְלִין מֵהֶן בַּשְּׁבִיעִית עַד שֶׁיַּגִּיעוּ לְעוֹנַת מַעַשְׂרוֹת הַמְפֹרָשׁ בְּפֶרֶק קַמָּא דְמַעַשְׂרוֹת, דְּדַוְקָא תְּאֵנִים וַעֲנָבִים וְזֵיתִים רְגִילִים לֶאֱכֹל קֹדֶם בִּשּׁוּלָן, לְפִיכָךְ הִתִּירוּ לֶאֱכֹל מֵהֶם בַּשָּׂדֶה בַּשְּׁבִיעִית קֹדֶם שֶׁיַּגִּיעוּ לְעוֹנַת הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת, אֲבָל לֹא בִּשְׁאָר פֵּרוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כך עונתן לשביעית – one does not eat from them in the Seventh Year until they arrive at the season for tithing that is explained in the first chapter of [Tractate] Maaserot (see especially Mishnah 2), for especially figs and grapes and olives that are one eats customarily prior to their ripening, therefore, they permitted to eat of them in the field in the Seventh Year prior to their reaching the season of tithing, but ot with other fruit/produce.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:10:1)

**אֵין קוֹצְצִין אֶת הָאִילָן בַּשְּׁבִיעִית.** מִשּׁוּם דִּלְאָכְלָה אָמַר רַחֲמָנָא וְלֹא לְהֶפְסֵד. וַאֲנִי שָׁמַעְתִּי כֵּיוָן דְּאַפְקְרִינְהוּ רַחֲמָנָא לַפֵּרוֹת, אִם יִקְצְצֵם הֲוֵי גּוֹזֵל אֶת הָרַבִּים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אין קוצצין את האילן בשביעית – because the All-Merciful said, to eat them, but not to loss them, and I heard since the All-Merciful made them ownerless, for fruit, if he cut them down, he would rob the many.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:10:2)

**מִשֶּׁיּוֹצִיא.** תְּחִלַּת הֶעָלִין בִּימֵי נִיסָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
משיוציא – the beginning of the leaves in the days of Nisan.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:10:3)

**מִשֶּׁיְּשַׁלְשֵׁלוּ.** מִשֶּׁיַּתְחִילוּ לְהַכְבִּיד וְלִתְלוֹת כְּעֵין שַׁלְשֶׁלֶת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
משישלשלו (let them down) -when they begin to become heaven and to hang down like a chain.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:10:4)

**מִשֶּׁיְּגָרְעוּ.** מִשֶּׁיַּעֲשׂוּ גַרְעִינִים. פֵּרוּשׁ אַחֵר, הַבֹּסֶר כְּשֶׁיַּגְדִּילוּ הָעֲנָבִים וְנַעֲשׂוּ כְּפוֹל הַלָּבָן נִקְרָא גָּרוּעַ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
משיגרעו – when they make kernels of fruit/stones; another explanation: the half-ripe grapes when [the grapes] grow and they become like a white bean that is called inferior.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:10:5)

**מִשֶּׁיָּנֵצוּ.** מִשֶּׁיִּגְדַּל עֲלֵיהֶן הַנֵּץ, כְּמוֹ הַנִּצָּנִים נִרְאוּ בָאָרֶץ (שיר השירים ב), כְּשֶׁיַּגִּיעוּ לַשִּׁעוּרִים הַלָּלוּ אָסוּר לְקָצְצָן בַּשְּׁבִיעִית:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
משינצו – when it grows a blossom, like (Song of Songs 2:12): “The blossoms have appeared in the land,” when they have reached these measurements it is forbidden to cut them in the Seventh Year.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:10:6)

**מֻתָּר לְקָצְצוֹ.** וְאֵין כָּאן מִשּׁוּם הֶפְסֵד הַפְּרִי, אוֹ מִשּׁוּם גָּזֵל לְאִידָךְ לִישְׁנָא, שֶׁכְּבָר הַפְּרִי רָאוּי לַאֲכִילָה. וּמִשּׁוּם קוֹצֵץ אִילָנוֹת טוֹבִים לֵיכָּא אִם הוּא מְעֻלֶּה בְּדָמִים, שֶׁדָּמָיו יְקָרִים לְעֵצִים יוֹתֵר מִלְּאִילָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מותר לקצצו – and there is nothing here because of loss of the fruit, or because of theft, to the other language, for the fruit is already appropriate for eating, and because he cuts down good trees, it is not if it of great monetary worth, for its worth is expensive for wood more than for a tree.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:10:7)

**וְכַמָּה יְהֵא בַזַּיִת.** לָאו אַשְּׁבִיעִית קָאֵי, אֶלָּא שֶׁיְּהֵא אָסוּר לְקָצְצוֹ מִשּׁוּם קוֹצֵץ אִילָנוֹת טוֹבִים, כְּדִכְתִיב (דברים כ) כִּי מִמֶּנּוּ תֹאכֵל וְאוֹתוֹ לֹא תִכְרֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וכמה יהא בזית – It does not refer to the Seventh Year, but rather that it would be forbidden to cut it because cutting good trees, as it is written (Deuteronomy 20:19): “you may eat of them, but you must not cut them down.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit 4:10:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Sheviit/r/4:10:8)

**רֹבַע.** הַקַּב, מִשּׁוּם דְּחָשִׁיב יוֹתֵר מִשְּׁאָר אִילָנוֹת, דְּאִלּוּ בְּדֶקֶל מֻתָּר לְקָצְצוֹ עַד דְּטָעִין קַבָּא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רובע –[one quarter] of a Kab, because it is considered greater from other trees, whereas, with the palm-tree, it is permitted to cut it until It is laden with a Kab.