## Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot Chapter 6

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:1:1)

**שְׁבוּעַת הַדַּיָּנִין.** הַשְּׁבוּעָה שֶׁהַדַּיָּנִים מַשְׁבִּיעִים עַל יְדֵי הוֹדָאָה בְמִקְצָת הַטַּעֲנָה, צָרִיךְ שֶׁלֹּא תְהֵא הַטַּעֲנָה פָּחוֹת מִשְּׁתֵּי מָעוֹת כֶּסֶף, שֶׁהוּא שְׁלִישׁ דִּינָר, שֶׁהַדִּינָר שֵׁשׁ מָעוֹת וְהוּא מִשְׁקַל תִּשְׁעִים וְשֵׁשׁ שְׂעֹרוֹת בֵּינוֹנִיּוֹת, נִמְצְאוּ שְׁתֵּי מָעוֹת מִשְׁקַל שְׁלֹשִׁים וּשְׁתַּיִם שְׂעֹרוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שבועת הדיינין – the oath that the judges impose through a partial admission of the claim, it is necessary that the claim not be less than two M’ah of silver, which is one-third of a Denar, and the Denar is six Maot and it has the weight of ninety six [pieces] of intermediate [sized] barley, and it was found that the weight of two Maot were thirty two [pieces/panacles of] barley.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:1:2)

**וְהַהוֹדָאָה.** שֶׁמְּחַיַּבְתּוֹ לִשָּׁבַע, לֹא תְהֵא פָחוֹת מִשָּׁוֶה פְרוּטָה. שֶׁאִם הָיָה מַה שֶּׁכָּפַר לוֹ פָּחוֹת מִשְּׁתֵּי כֶסֶף, אוֹ מַה שֶּׁהוֹדָה פָּחוֹת מִשָּׁוֶה פְרוּטָה, אֵינוֹ חַיָּב שְׁבוּעָה דְאוֹרַיְתָא. אֲבָל מַשְׁבִּיעִין אוֹתוֹ שְׁבוּעַת הֶסֵּת מִדִּבְרֵי סוֹפְרִים. וְהַמְחֻיָּב שְׁבוּעָה דְאוֹרַיְתָא נָקֵיט חֶפְצָא בְּיָדֵיהּ כְּגוֹן סֵפֶר תּוֹרָה אוֹ תְפִלִּין כְּשֶׁנִּשְׁבָּע. וְהַמְחֻיָּב שְׁבוּעַת הֶסֵּת לֹא נָקֵיט הַנִּשְׁבָּע חֶפְצָא בִידֵיהּ, אֶלָּא חַזָּן הַכְּנֶסֶת אוֹ הַמַּשְׁבִּיעוֹ נָקֵיט חֶפְצָא בִידֵיהּ בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁחֲבֵרוֹ נִשְׁבָּע לוֹ. וּשְׁלֹשָׁה מִינֵי שְׁבוּעוֹת הֵן דְּאוֹרַיְתָא, וְלֹא יוֹתֵר. הַמּוֹדֶה בְמִקְצָת הַטַּעֲנָה, וּמִי שֶׁעֵד אֶחָד מֵעִיד כְּנֶגְדּוֹ שֶׁהוּא נִשְׁבָּע לְהַכְחִישׁ הָעֵד, וּשְׁבוּעַת הַשּׁוֹמְרִים. וְכָל שְׁאָר שְׁבוּעוֹת הַנִּזְכָּרִים בַּמִּשְׁנָה, הֵם בְּתַקָּנַת חֲכָמִים וְהֵם כְּעֵין שֶׁל תּוֹרָה בִּנְקִיטַת חֵפֶץ. וְאֵין הֶפְרֵשׁ בֵּין שְׁבוּעָה דְאוֹרַיְתָא לַשְּׁבוּעוֹת הַנִּזְכָּרוֹת בַּמִּשְׁנָה, אֶלָּא שֶׁהַמְחֻיָּב שְׁבוּעָה דְאוֹרַיְתָא וְלֹא רָצָה לִשָּׁבַע, בֵּית דִּין יוֹרְדִין לִנְכָסָיו וְנִפְרָעִים מִמֶּנּוּ מִשָּׁלֵם. וְהַמְחֻיָּב שְׁבוּעָה מִדִּבְרֵיהֶם בְּתַקָּנַת חֲכָמִים וְלֹא רָצָה לִשָּׁבַע, מְשַׁמְּתִין אוֹתוֹ עַד שֶׁיִּפְרַע אוֹ עַד שֶׁיִּשָּׁבַע. וְאִם עָמַד בְּנִדּוּיוֹ שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם וְלֹא רָצָה לִשָּׁבַע וְלֹא לְשַׁלֵּם, מַכִּין אוֹתוֹ מַכַּת מַרְדּוּת וּמַתִּירִין לוֹ נִדּוּיוֹ וְהוֹלֵךְ לוֹ, וְאֵין יוֹרְדִין לִנְכָסָיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וההודאה – that [the judges] obligate him to take an oath on should not be less than the worthy of a equivalent of a penny, for iif what he denies to him is less than two siver [coins], or what he admitted was less than the value of the equivalent of a penny, he is not obligated for an oath according to the Torah. But, we impose an oathupon him an oath of inducement (an oath instituted by the Sages in a case where a defendant completely denies a claim, in order to clear himself of suspicion).according to the words of the Soferim/Scribes . And one who is liable for an oath according to the Torah takes an object in his hand, as for example, a Torah scroll or Tefillin (i.e., phylacteries) when he is taking anoath. But the person who is liable for an oath of inducement does not take an object in his hand, but rather, the Hannan of the synagogue or the one administering the oath takes an object in his hand at the time when his fellow swears to him. And there are three kinds of oaths according to the Torah, and not mor. He who admits to part of the claim, and [the case] of where one witness testifies against him, that he takes an oath to contradict the witness, and the oath of the bailees. But all of the rest of the oaths that are mentioned in the Mishnah are through the ordinance of the Sages, and they are like that of the Torah in the taking up of an object. And there is no difference between the oath of the Torah to the oaths that are mentioned in the Mishnah, bother than that the one who is liable to take an oath of the Torah and di dnot want to swear, the Jewish court goes into his possessions and collects from them in full payment. But the one who is one who I s liable to an oath from their words (i.e., from the Rabbis), with the ordinance of the Sages andhe doesn’t want to swear, we excommunicate him until he pays or until he swears. And if he stands in his excommunication for thirty days and does not want to take an oath nor pay, we flog him with the flogging of rebelliousness and we release him from his excommunication and he goes on his way, and we don’t descend into his possessions.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:1:3)

**אֵין לְךָ בְיָדִי אֶלָּא פְרוּטָה פָּטוּר.** שֶׁאֵין הַהוֹדָאָה מִמִּין הַטַּעֲנָה, שֶׁזֶּה טְעָנוֹ כֶסֶף וְזֶה הוֹדָה לוֹ נְחֹשֶׁת. וְדַוְקָא שֶׁלֹּא טְעָנוֹ אֶלָּא מִשְׁקַל שְׁתֵּי מָעוֹת כֶּסֶף אוֹ יוֹתֵר, אֲבָל אִם טְעָנוֹ מַטְבֵּעַ כֶּסֶף, הֲרֵי הוֹדָה לוֹ בַמַּטְבֵּעַ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אין לך בידי אלא פרוטה פטור – for the admission is not from the species of the claim, for this claimed silver and the other admitted to him copper. And especially that he claimed against him a silver coin – for he admitted to him with a coin.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:1:4)

**שְׁתֵּי כֶסֶף וּפְרוּטָה.** קָא סָבַר טְעָנוֹ חִטִּים וּשְׂעֹרִים וְהוֹדָה לוֹ עַל אַחַת מֵהֶן חַיָּב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שתי כסף ופרוטה – for holds that he claimed against him for wheat and bareley and he admitted to him on one of these, he is liable.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:1:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:1:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:1:5)

**מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא כְמֵשִׁיב אֲבֵדָה.** שֶׁהוּא פָטוּר מִשְּׁבוּעָה, כְּדִתְנַן [גִּטִּין דַּף מח] הַמּוֹצֵא מְצִיאָה לֹא יִשָּׁבַע מִפְּנֵי תִקּוּן הָעוֹלָם. וְדַוְקָא כְּשֶׁאֵין הַבֵּן טוֹעֵן וַדַּאי מָנֶה לְאַבָּא בְיָדֶךָ, אֶלָּא שֶׁמָּא. אֲבָל טְעָנוֹ וַדַּאי, וְאָמַר הוּא לֹא הָיָה לוֹ אֶצְלוֹ אֶלָּא חֲמִשִּׁים, חַיָּב שְׁבוּעָה דְאוֹרַיְתָא, דְּאֵין זֶה מֵשִׁיב אֲבֵדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מפני שהוא כמשיב אבידה – and is exempt from an oath, as is taught [Tractate Gittin, Chapter 5, Mishnah 3] – that aperson who finds an o object should not take an oath because of the repair of the world. And especially when the son does not claim with certainty that the Manah of his father is in your hands, but rather perhaps. But if he made a definitive claim against him, and he said, that he did not have anything other than fifty, he is liable for a Torah-based oath, for that is not restoring a lost objec


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:2:1)

**מָנֶה לִי בְיָדֶךָ וְאָמַר לוֹ הֵן.** בִּפְנֵי עֵדִים. וּכְגוֹן שֶׁאָמַר אַתֶּם עֵדַי, דְּשׁוּב אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לִטְעֹן מְשַׁטֶּה הָיִיתִי בְךָ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מנה לי בידך ואמר לו הן – in the presence of witnesses, and as for example when he said to them, “you are my witnesses” for he can no longer is able to claim that he was demented/raged in this.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:2:2)

**פָּטוּר.** מִשְּׁבוּעָה דְאוֹרַיְתָא. אֲבָל מַשְׁבִּיעִין אוֹתוֹ הֶסֵּת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
פטור – [exempt] from a Torah-based oath, but we make him take the oath of inducement [to clear him of suspicion, if he completely denied the case].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:2:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:2:3)

**אֵין לְךָ בְיָדִי.** לֹא הָיוּ דְבָרִים מֵעוֹלָם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אין לך בידי – there was never anything [concerning having anything in my hand].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:2:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:2:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:2:4)

**חַיָּב.** לְשַׁלֵּם. וְאֵינוֹ נֶאֱמָן בִּשְׁבוּעָה, שֶׁהֲרֵי הֻחְזַק כַּפְרָן. וְהוּא שֶׁכָּפַר בְּבֵית דִּין, אֲבָל שֶׁלֹּא בְבֵית דִּין לֹא הֻחְזַק כַּפְרָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חייב – [he is liable] to pay, and is not considered believable with an oath, for he is presumed to be a denier, and he denied it in the Jewish court, but not before a Jewish court, he is not presumed to be a denier.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:3:1)

**אֶלָּא לִיטְרָא כָסֶף פָּטוּר.** שֶׁאֵין כָּאן הוֹדָאָה מִמִּין הַטַּעֲנָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אלא ליטרא כסף פטור – for there isn’t here a homogeneity of the admission with the claim [of the defendant].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:3:2)

**לֶתֶךְ.** חֲצִי כוֹר. חֲמֵשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה סְאִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לתך – one-half Kor fifteen Se’ah.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:3:3)

**כַּדֵּי שֶׁמֶן.** כַּדִּים מְלֵאִים שֶׁמֶן:


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:3:4)

**וְהוֹדָה לוֹ בַקַּנְקַנִּים.** כַּדִּים רֵיקִים בְּלֹא שֶׁמֶן:


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:3:5)

**הוֹאִיל וְהוֹדָה בְמִקְצָת הַטַּעֲנָה.** דַּהֲוָה לֵיהּ כְּמוֹ טְעָנוֹ חִטִּין וּשְׂעֹרִין וְהוֹדָה לוֹ בְּאֶחָד מֵהֶן. וַהֲלָכָה כְּאַדְמוֹן, אֲבָל אֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל דִּמְחַיֵּב בִּטְעָנוֹ חִטִּין וְהוֹדָה לוֹ בִשְׂעֹרִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הואיל והודה במקצת הטענה – for it is to him like his claim was for wheat and barley and he admitted to him in one of them. And the Halakha is according to Admon, but the Halakha is not according to Rabban Gamaliel that obligates in his claim wheat and he (i.e., the defendant) admitted to him regarding barley.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:3:6)

**פָּטוּר.** מִשְּׁבוּעָה דְאוֹרַיְתָא, לֹא עַל הַקַּרְקָעוֹת וְלֹא עַל הַכֵּלִים. שֶׁאֵין הוֹדָאַת קַרְקָעוֹת מְבִיאַתּוּ לִידֵי שְׁבוּעָה, שֶׁאֵין דִּין שְׁבוּעָה בְּקַרְקָעוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
פטור – from the oath from the Torah, not on the land and not on the utensils,f or the admission of land does not bring him to [requiring taking] an oath, for there is no law regarding an oath regarding land.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:3:7)

**הוֹדָה בְמִקְצָת כֵּלִים.** דְּאִיכָּא הוֹדָאָה וּכְפִירָה בְּלָאו קַרְקָעוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הודה במקצת כלים – for there is admission and denial [with things] that are not property.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:3:8)

**חַיָּב.** לִשָּׁבַע אַף עַל הַקַּרְקָעוֹת עַל יְדֵי גִלְגּוּל שְׁבוּעָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חייב – to take an oath even on property through an oath by implication (i.e., the rule permitting the court to insert in an oath an affirmation to which the person concerned cold not have been compelled directly).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:3:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:3:9)

**זוֹקְקִין.** גּוֹרְרִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
זוקקין – causes, affects.(i.e., binds – movable chattel binds the immovable with the reference to the obligation of making oath, the two claims peferrred in one suit are considered as one lawsuit, and theoath must refer to both).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:4:1)

**אֵין נִשְׁבָּעִין עַל טַעֲנַת חֵרֵשׁ.** כְּגוֹן שֶׁטּוֹעֲנוֹ חֵרֵשׁ בִּרְמִיזָה. דְּחֵרֵשׁ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמִים בְּכָל מָקוֹם, אֵינוֹ שׁוֹמֵעַ וְאֵינוֹ מְדַבֵּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אין נשבעין על טענת חרש – as, for example, when the deaf-mute makes a claim against him with a gesture, for the deaf-mute/חרש that the Sages spoke of in every place is one who does not hear and does not speak (see Tractate Terumot, Chapter 1, Mishnah 2).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:4:2)

**וְטַעֲנַת קָטָן.** כְּגוֹן שֶׁטּוֹעֲנוֹ קָטָן. דְּאָמַר קְרָא (שמות כב) כִּי יִתֵּן אִישׁ אֶל רֵעֵהוּ, וְאֵין בִּנְתִינַת קָטָן כְּלוּם. [וְהַחֵרֵשׁ] וְהַשּׁוֹטֶה כְּקָטָן הוּא. וְדַוְקָא שְׁבוּעָה דְאוֹרַיְתָא הוּא שֶׁאֵין נִשְׁבָּעִין עַל טַעֲנַת קָטָן, אֲבָל שְׁבוּעַת הֶסֵּת חַיָּבִין לִשָּׁבַע עַל טַעֲנָתוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וטענת קטן – as, for example, when the minor makes a claim against him. For Scripture states (Exodus 22:6): “When a man gives [money or goods] to a another [for safekeeping],” but the giving of a minor is not anything. [And the deaf-mute] and the imbecile is like a minor. And specifically the oath of the Torah is that which they do not impose on the claim of a minor, but the oath of inducement (i.e., where a defendant totally denies a claim to clear himself of suspicion) he is liable to take on his claim.’


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:4:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:4:3)

**אֲבָל נִשְׁבָּעִין לַקָּטָן וְלַהֶקְדֵּשׁ.** הַבָּא לִפָּרַע מִנִּכְסֵי קָטָן, לֹא יִפָּרַע אֶלָּא בִשְׁבוּעָה. וְכֵן הַמַּקְדִּישׁ נְכָסָיו וְיָצָא עָלָיו שְׁטַר חוֹב וּבָא בַעַל חוֹב לִפָּרַע מִן הַנְּכָסִים שֶׁל הֶקְדֵּשׁ, צָרִיךְ שְׁבוּעָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אבל נשבעין לקטן ולהקדש – he who comes to collect from the property of a minor, he should not collect other than through an oath. And similar one who consecrates his property [to the Temple] and a document of liability is issued against him and the owner of the liability comes to collect from the property of that which has been consecrated [to the Temple], requires an oath.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:5:1)

**הָעֲבָדִים וְהַשְּׁטָרוֹת וְהַקַּרְקָעוֹת וְכוּ'.** דִּכְתִיב (שמות כב) עַל כָּל דְּבַר פֶּשַׁע, כְּלָל. עַל שׁוֹר עַל חֲמוֹר עַל שֶׂה עַל שַׂלְמָה, פְּרָט. עַל כָּל אֲבֵדָה, חָזַר וְכָלַל. כְּלָל וּפְרָט וּכְלָל אִי אַתָּה דָן אֶלָּא כְעֵין הַפְּרָט, מַה הַפְּרָט מְפֹרָשׁ דָּבָר הַמִּטַּלְטֵל וְגוּפוֹ מָמוֹן, אַף כָּל דָּבָר הַמִּטַּלְטֵל וְגוּפוֹ מָמוֹן, יָצְאוּ קַרְקָעוֹת שֶׁאֵינָן מִטַּלְטְלִין, יָצְאוּ עֲבָדִים שֶׁהֻקְּשׁוּ לְקַרְקָעוֹת, יָצְאוּ שְׁטָרוֹת שֶׁאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהֵם מִטַּלְטְלִין אֵין גּוּפָן מָמוֹן. שֶׁכָּל אֵלּוּ אֵין נִשְׁבָּעִין עֲלֵיהֶן. וְהֶקְדֵּשׁ אֵין נִשְׁבָּעִין עָלָיו דִּכְתִיב (שם) כִּי יִתֵּן אִישׁ אֶל רֵעֵהוּ, וְלֹא שֶׁל הֶקְדֵּשׁ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
העבדים והשטרות והקרקעות וכו' – as it is written (Exodus 22:8): “In all charges of misappropriation” – generalization; “pertaining to an ox, an ass, a sheep a garment,” – specification; “or any other loss” - he has returned and made a generalization. If a generalization is followed by a specification and this in turn, by a generalization, one must be guided by what the specification implies. Just as the specification is explanation by something that is movable and its essence is monetary, so also everything that movable and its essence is monetary, excluding real estate which are not movable ,excluding slaves which were compared to real estate, excluding documents for even though they are movables, their essence is not financial. For all of these we don’t impose oaths upon a thing dedicated [to the Temple] we don’t take an oath, as it is written, (Exodus 22:6): “When a person gives [money or goods] to another [for safekeeping,” and not of something dedicated [to the Temple].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:5:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:5:2)

**אֵין בָּהֶן תַּשְׁלוּמֵי כֶפֶל.** דִּבְהָנֵי דַוְקָא דִּמְרַבִּינַן כְּעֵין הַפְּרָט דִּכְתִיב בְּאוֹתָהּ הַפָּרָשָׁה יְשַׁלֵּם שְׁנַיִם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אין בהן תשלמי כפל – for in these, especially that we use an additional word for the purpose of intimating something not otherwise included (i.e., the widen the scope of a law), something like the specification as it is written in that portion (Exodus 22:8): “[he whom God declares guilty] shall pay double to his neighbor,” and not of something dedicated [to the Temple].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:5:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:5:3)

**וְלֹא תַשְׁלוּמֵי אַרְבָּעָה וַחֲמִשָּׁה.** דְּכָל הֵיכָא דְלֵיכָּא כֶפֶל אֵינוֹ מְשַׁלֵּם אַרְבָּעָה וַחֲמִשָּׁה דְּכֵיוָן דְּלֵיכָּא כֶפֶל הָווּ לְהוּ תַּשְׁלוּמֵי שְׁלֹשָׁה וְאַרְבָּעָה, וְתַשְׁלוּמֵי אַרְבָּעָה וַחֲמִשָּׁה אָמַר רַחֲמָנָא וְלֹא תַשְׁלוּמֵי שְׁלֹשָׁה וְאַרְבָּעָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ולא תשלומי ארבעה וחמישה – for wherever that there is not’s double paymenr, he doesn’t pay four-times or five-times [the base amount], for since there isn’t double payment, the would have would have three-time or four-time [the base] payment, but the All-Merciful stated (Exodus 22:37): “[When a man steals an ox or a sheep, and slaughters it or sells it,] he shall pay five oxen for the ox, and four sheep for the sheep,” and not three or four-fold payment.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:5:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:5:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:5:4)

**שׁוֹמֵר חִנָּם אֵינוֹ נִשְׁבָּע.** שׁוֹמֵר חִנָּם אֵין לוֹ עָלָיו אֶלָּא שְׁבוּעָה, דִּכְתִיב (שם) וְנִקְרַב בַּעַל הַבַּיִת אֶל הָאֱלֹהִים אִם לֹא שָׁלַח יָדוֹ, וְאוֹתָהּ הַפָּרָשָׁה בְּשׁוֹמֵר חִנָּם נֶאֶמְרָה. וְעַל הָעֲבָדִים וְעַל הַקַּרְקָעוֹת וְעַל הַשְּׁטָרוֹת אֵינוֹ נִשְׁבָּע, דְּיָלְפִינַן לַהּ מִדִּכְתִיב כִּי יִתֵּן אִישׁ אֶל רֵעֵהוּ, כְּלָל. כֶּסֶף אוֹ כֵלִים, פְּרָט. לִשְׁמֹר, חָזַר וְכָלַל. כְּלָל וּפְרָט וּכְלָל אִי אַתָּה דָן אֶלָּא כְּעֵין הַפְּרָט, מַה הַפְּרָט מְפֹרָשׁ דָּבָר הַמִּטַּלְטֵל וְגוּפוֹ מָמוֹן, אַף כָּל וְכוּ', יָצְאוּ קַרְקָעוֹת דְּלָאו מִטַּלְטְלִים וְכוּ'. וְכָל הָנֵי דְּאָמְרִינַן בְּהוּ אֵינוֹ נִשְׁבָּע, דַּוְקָא שְׁבוּעָה דְאוֹרַיְתָא, אֲבָל שְׁבוּעַת הֶסֵּת לְעוֹלָם חַיָּבִין לִשָּׁבַע:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שומר חנם אינו נשבע – the unpaid bailee only has upon him an oath, as it is written (Exodus 22:7): “the owner of the house shall depose before God that he has not laid hands [on the other’s property],” and the entire portion is stated concerning the unpaid bailee,. But he does not take an oath regarding slaves and real-estate and on documents, for we derive it from what is written (Exodus 22:6): “When a man gives…to another” – a generalization; “money or goods” – a specification; “”for safekeeping,”- he returns and makes a generalization; if a generalization is followed by a specification and this in turn, by a generalization, one must be guided by what the specification implies. Just as the specification is explained as something movable and its essence is money, even all things, etc., excluding real estate which are not movables, etc. But all of these that we stated regarding them, one does not take an oath, especially the oath of the Torah, but we require the oath of inducement.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:5:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:5:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:5:5)

**נוֹשֵׂא שָׂכָר אֵינוֹ מְשַׁלֵּם.** גְּנֵבָה וַאֲבֵדָה הַכָּתוּב בּוֹ לְחִיּוּב, דִּכְתִיב (שם) אִם גָּנֹב יִגָּנֵב מֵעִמּוֹ יְשַׁלֵּם לִבְעָלָיו. וַעֲבָדִים וְקַרְקָעוֹת וּשְׁטָרוֹת אֵינוֹ מְשַׁלֵּם, דִּכְתִיב בְּשׁוֹמֵר שָׂכָר (שם) כִּי יִתֵּן אִישׁ אֶל רֵעֵהוּ, כְּלָל. חֲמוֹר אוֹ שׁוֹר אוֹ שֶׂה וְכָל בְּהֵמָה, פְּרָט. לִשְׁמֹר, חָזַר וְכָלַל וְכוּ', כִּדְאָמְרִינַן לְעֵיל. רֵעֵהוּ כְתִיב בְּשׁוֹמֵר חִנָּם וּבְשׁוֹמֵר שָׂכָר, דְּמַשְׁמַע רֵעֵהוּ וְלֹא הֶקְדֵּשׁ. וְשׁוֹאֵל וְשׂוֹכֵר לֹא הֻזְכְּרוּ כָאן לִמְעוּטֵי בְהוּ עֲבָדִים וְקַרְקָעוֹת וּשְׁטָרוֹת וְהֶקְדֵּשׁוֹת, דְּלֹא שַׁיָּךְ שְׁאֵלָה בְּקַרְקָעוֹת, וְלֹא בִשְׁטָרוֹת עַל הָרֹב, וְכָל שֶׁכֵּן שְׂכִירוּת שֶׁאֵינוֹ שַׁיָּךְ בִּשְׁטָרוֹת, וְכֵן לֹא שַׁיָּךְ שְׁאֵלָה וּשְׂכִירוּת בְּהֶקְדֵּשׁ, שֶׁאָסוּר לְהַשְׁאִיל וּלְהַשְׂכִּיר הַהֶקְדֵּשׁוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
נושא שכר אינו משלם – theft and loss which is written in it, to be liable, as it is written (Exodus 22:11): “But if [the animal] was stolen from him, he shall make restitution to its owner.” But slaves, and real estate and documents, he does not pay, as it is written regarding the paid bailee (Exodus 22:9): “When a man gives to another” – a generalization; “an ass, an ox, a sheep or any other animal” – a specification; “to guard” – he returns and makes a generalization, etc., as we have stated above. The [term] רעהו/to another – is written with regard to an unpaid bailee and a paid bailee, that implies, “another person” and not dedicated [to the Temple], but the borrower and the renter (i.e., the other two bailees) are not mentioned here, to exlude from them slaves and real estate and documents and dedication [to the Temple], for a borrower does not belong with real estate and not with documents for the most part, and all the more so, renters do not belong with documents, and similarly, the borrower and renters do not belong with things dedicated [to the Temple] for it is forbidden to lend and to rent that which is dedicated [to the Temple].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:6:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:6:1)

**רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר יֵשׁ דְּבָרִים שֶׁהֵם כַּקַּרְקַע.** עֲנָבִים הָעוֹמְדוֹת לִבָּצֵר הוּא דְאִיכָּא בֵּין חֲכָמִים לְרַבִּי מֵאִיר, דְּרַבִּי מֵאִיר סָבַר עֲנָבִים הָעוֹמְדוֹת לִבָּצֵר כִּבְצוּרוֹת דָּמְיָן, וַחֲכָמִים סָבְרֵי לָאו כִּבְצוּרוֹת דָּמְיָן. וַהֲלָכָה כַּחֲכָמִים. וְדַוְקָא בְּדִין שׁוֹמְרִים, אֲבָל גַּבֵּי מִקָּח וּמִמְכָּר וְאוֹנָאָה וּמוֹדֶה בְמִקְצָת הַטַּעֲנָה, בְּכָל הָנֵי קַיְמָא לָן דְּדָבָר הָעוֹמֵד לִבָּצֵר כְּבָצוּר דָּמִי. וְכֵן הֲלָכָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רבי מאיר אומר יש דברים שהם כקרקע – grapes that are about to be cut down is what distinguishes between the Sages and Rabbi Meir, for Rabbi Meir holds that gapes that are about to be cut are considered as [already] cut/harvested, but the Sages hold that they are not like they are cut/harvested. But the Halakha is according to the Sages. And especially in the law [relating to] the bailees, but regarding buying and selling, and overcharging and admitting to part of the claim, , in all of these, we hold that something about to be cut/harvested is like it was cut already, and such is the Halakha.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:6:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:6:2)

**עַד הַזִּיז.** קוֹרָה שֶׁל עֲלִיָּה הַבּוֹלֶטֶת מִתּוֹךְ הַבַּיִת. וּכְלָלָא דְמִלְּתָא, לְעוֹלָם אֵינוֹ חַיָּב שְׁבוּעָה דְאוֹרַיְתָא עַד שֶׁיִּטְעֲנֶנּוּ דָבָר שֶׁבַּמִּדָּה אוֹ שֶׁבַּמִּשְׁקָל אוֹ שֶׁבַּמִּנְיָן, וְיוֹדֶה לוֹ בְמִקְצָת הַמִּדָּה אוֹ בְמִקְצָת הַמִּשְׁקָל אוֹ מִקְצָת מִנְיָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
עד הזיז (an attachment, a projection from the door frame serving as a shed over the entrance) – beam of a upper story that projects from the house, and the general principle of the matter, is that he is always not liable for an oath according to the Torah until he makes a claim against him with something specifying a concrete measure, or a weight or a measure, and he admits to him part of his measure or part of the weight or part of the number.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:7:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:7:1)

**הַמַּלְוֶה אֶת חֲבֵרוֹ עַל הַמַּשְׁכּוֹן.** נַעֲשֶׂה עָלָיו שׁוֹמֵר שָׂכָר, לֹא שְׁנָא מִשְׁכְּנוֹ בִשְׁעַת הַלְוָאָתוֹ, לֹא שְׁנָא מִשְׁכְּנוֹ שֶׁלֹּא בִּשְׁעַת הַלְוָאָתוֹ. וְאִם אָבַד אוֹ נִגְנַב וְהָיָה הַמַּשְׁכּוֹן כְּנֶגֶד הַחוֹב, יָצָא מַשְׁכּוֹנוֹ בְחוֹבוֹ וְאֵין לָהֶם זֶה עַל זֶה כְּלוּם. וְאִם הַחוֹב יָתֵר עַל הַמַּשְׁכּוֹן, מְשַׁלֵּם לֹוֶה לַמַּלְוֶה מַה שֶּׁהָיָה הַחוֹב יוֹתֵר. וְאִם הַמַּשְׁכּוֹן יוֹתֵר עַל הַחוֹב, מְשַׁלֵּם מַלְוֶה לַלֹּוֶה. וְאִם נֶאֱבַד בְּאֹנֶס, שֶׁשּׁוֹמֵר שָׂכָר פָּטוּר, גַּם הַמַּלְוֶה פָטוּר, וְנִשְׁבַּע שֶׁבְּאֹנֶס נֶאֱבַד וְגוֹבֶה חוֹבוֹ כֻלּוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
המלוה את חבירו על משכון – he becomes upon it a paid bailee, and there is no difference if he took a pledge at the time of his loan, nr whether he took a pledge not at the time of his loan. But if he lost [it] or it was stolen, and the pledge was corresponding to the lien, his pledge is expended for his debt, and they don’t have anything against each other. But if the lien is greater [in value] than the pledge, the debtor/borrower pays the creditor what the debt was of greater worth. But if the pledge was greater [in value] than the lien, the creditor pays the debtor/borrower. But if it was lost by accident where a paid bailee is exempt, the lender is also exempt, and he takes an oath that through this accident [the object lent] was lost, and he collects the entire lien.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:7:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:7:2)

**שֶׁקֶל.** חֲצִי סֶלַע:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שקל – one half a Sela.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:7:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:7:3)

**לֹא כִי.** לֹא כֵן הָיָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לא כי – it was not like this.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:7:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:7:4)

**אֶלָּא סֶלַע הִלְוִיתַנִי עָלָיו וּשְׁלֹשָׁה דִינָרִים הָיָה שָׁוֶה חַיָּב.** שֶׁהֲרֵי הוּא הוֹדָה בְמִקְצָת הַטַּעֲנָה, שֶׁהַסֶּלַע שָׁוֶה אַרְבָּעָה דִינָרִין. וְכֵיוָן שֶׁהַלֹּוֶה חַיָּב לִשָּׁבַע כַּמָּה הָיָה שָׁוֶה הַמַּשְׁכּוֹן שֶׁלּוֹ, וְהַמַּלְוֶה חַיָּב לִשָּׁבַע עַל הַמַּשְׁכּוֹן שֶׁאֵינוֹ בִרְשׁוּתוֹ, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁמְּשַׁלֵּם דָּמָיו, מִשּׁוּם דְּחָיְשִׁינַן שֶׁמָּא עֵינָיו נָתַן בּוֹ, בֵּית דִּין מַשְׁבִּיעִין אֶת הַמַּלְוֶה תְּחִלָּה שֶׁאֵין הַמַּשְׁכּוֹן בִּרְשׁוּתוֹ, וְאַחַר כָּךְ מַשְׁבִּיעִין אֶת הַלֹּוֶה כַּמָּה הָיָה שָׁוֶה. שֶׁמָּא יִשָּׁבַע הַלֹּוֶה תְּחִלָּה וְלֹא דִקְדֵּק בַּשּׁוּמָא וְיוֹצִיא הַמַּלְוֶה אֶת הַמַּשְׁכּוֹן וְיִפְסְלֶנּוּ לְעֵדוּת וְלִשְׁבוּעָה. וְהָא דִתְנִינַן בַּסֵּיפָא מִי נִשְׁבָּע, מִי נִשְׁבָּע תְּחִלָּה קָאָמַר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אלא סלע הלויתני עליו ושלשה דינרים היה כו' – for he admitted part of the claim, for the Sela is worth four Denarim. And lince the borrower/debtor is liable to take an oath on how much his pledge was worth, and the creditor/lender is liable to take an oath concerning the pledge that is not in his possession, and even though he pays its value because we suspect that his eye was upon it, the Jewish Court has the creditor take an oath first that the pledge is not in his possession/domain, and afterwards it has the borrower/debtor take an oath how much it was worth, lest the borrower take an other first and he is not exact as to its appraisement/estimated value and the creditor produces the pledge which will make him ineligible for testimony and for an oath. But what we teach in the concluding clause [of the Mishnah]: “And upon whom is the oath imposed,” it is stated, upon whom is the oath first imposed?


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:7:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 6:7:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/6:7:5)

**מִי שֶׁהַפִּקָּדוֹן אֶצְלוֹ.** הַמַּלְוֶה שֶׁהָיָה הַמַּשְׁכּוֹן אֶצְלוֹ נִשְׁבָּע שֶׁאֵין הַמַּשְׁכּוֹן בִּרְשׁוּתוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מי שהפקדון אצלו – the creditor/lender with whom the pledge was with takes an oath that the pledge was not in his possession/in his domain.