## Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot Chapter 8

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/8:1:1)

**אַרְבָּעָה שׁוֹמְרִים הֵם.** וְדִינֵיהֶן שְׁלֹשָׁה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ארבעה שומרים הם – [and their laws are three].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/8:1:2)

**נוֹשֵׂא שָׂכָר.** שׁוֹמֵר בְּשָׂכָר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
נושא שכר – bailee with payment


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/8:1:3)

**נִשְׁבָּע עַל הַכֹּל.** שֶׁלֹּא פָשַׁע:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
נשבע על הכל – that he was not negligent.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/8:1:4)

**מְשַׁלֵּם אֶת הַכֹּל.** כָּל הָנָךְ דִּתְנִינַן בְּמַתְנִיתִין, שְׁבוּיָה וּשְׁבוּרָה וּמֵתָה וּגְנֵבָה וַאֲבֵדָה. אֲבָל מֵתָה מֵחֲמַת מְלָאכָה, אֵינוֹ מְשַׁלֵּם, דְּלָאו לְאוֹקְמַהּ בְּכִלְּתָא שְׁאָלָהּ. וְהַמִּשְׁנָה הַזֹּאת מְפֹרֶשֶׁת בְּהַשּׂוֹכֵר אֶת הַפּוֹעֲלִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
משלם על הכל – all those that we taught in our Mishnah, taken captive, and/or injured and/or who died and/or was something stolen and/or lost. But if it (i.e., the animal) had died on account of the labor [done], he does not pay, because this cannot be established as a measure of the borrowing. But this Mishnah is explained in [Bava Metzia, Chapter 7] “One who Hires Workers”/”HaSokher Et HaPoalim.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/8:2:1)

**וְאָמַר אָמֵן פָּטוּר.** שֶׁאִלּוּ הוֹדָה לֹא הָיָה מְשַׁלֵּם כְּלוּם, נִמְצָא שֶׁאֵין כָּאן כְּפִירַת מָמוֹן. וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּע לַשֶּׁקֶר, לֹא חִיְּבָה תוֹרָה קָרְבַּן שְׁבוּעָה אֶלָּא הֵיכָא שֶׁכְּפָרוֹ מָמוֹן. וְכֵן הַדַּיָּן אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לְהַשְׁבִּיעַ אֶלָּא עַל דָּבָר שֶׁאִם הוֹדָה הָיָה חַיָּב לְשַׁלֵּם מָמוֹן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואמר אמן פטור – for if he had admitted it, he would not pay anything; it is found there is no denial of money [owed], and even though he had taken a false oath, the Torah did not obligate him a sacrifice for the oath other than where he denied money [owed]. Similarly, the judge cannot make him take an oath other than on a matter that if he admitted, he would be liable to pay money.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/8:3:1)

**הֵיכָן שׁוֹרִי אָמַר לוֹ אָבָד.** אָמַר לְשׁוֹמֵר חִנָּם הֵיכָן שׁוֹרִי, אָמַר לֵיהּ אָבַד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
היכן שורי – He (i.e., the owner) said to the unpaid bailee, “where is my ox?” He said to him: “It was lost.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/8:3:2)

**מַשְׁבִּיעֲךָ אָנִי וְאָמַר אָמֵן וְהָעֵדִים מְעִידִים אוֹתוֹ שֶׁאֲכָלוֹ מְשַׁלֵּם אֶת הַקֶּרֶן.** וְלֹא כֶפֶל. וְאִם הוֹדָה לוֹ מֵעַצְמוֹ עַד שֶׁלֹּא בָאוּ עֵדִים, מְשַׁלֵּם קֶרֶן וְחֹמֶשׁ וְאָשָׁם, כְּדִין שְׁבוּעַת הַפִּקָּדוֹן דְּאֵינָהּ בָּאָה עַד שֶׁמּוֹדֶה וְשָׁב מֵרִשְׁעָתוֹ וּבָא לְהִתְכַּפֵּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
משביעך אני ואמר אמן והעדים מעידים אותו שאכלו משלם את הקרן – [he pays the principle] but not the double-payment, but if he admitted it on his own prior to the witnesses coming, he would pay the principle plus one-fifth and a make a guilt-offering, like the law of the oath of a deposit, which does not come until he admits and repents from his wickedness and come to be forgiven/expiated.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:3:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/8:3:3)

**אָמַר לוֹ נִגְנָב מַשְׁבִּיעֲךָ אָנִי וְכוּ'.** דְּשׁוֹמֵר חִנָּם הַפּוֹטֵר עַצְמוֹ בְּטַעֲנַת גַּנָּב וְנִשְׁבַּע וּבָאוּ עֵדִים, מְשַׁלֵּם כֶּפֶל, דִּכְתִיב (שמות כב) אִם לֹא יִמָּצֵא הַגַּנָּב, אִם לֹא יִמָּצֵא כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמַר אֶלָּא שֶׁהוּא עַצְמוֹ גְנָבוֹ, יְשַׁלֵּם שְׁנַיִם. אֲבָל אִם בָּא לִפְטֹר עַצְמוֹ בְּטַעֲנַת אָבַד, אֵינוֹ מְשַׁלֵּם כֶּפֶל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אמר ליה נגנב משביעך אני וכו' – since an unpaid bailee who exempts himself with the claim of the thief and takes an oath and witnesses came, he pays double, as it is written (Exodus 22:7): “If the thief is not caught, [the owner of the house shall depose before God that he has not laid hands on the other’s property].” “if the thief was not caught” – like as he said, but that he himself had stolen it, he should pay double. But if he came to exempt himself with the claim that it was lost, he does not pay double.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:3:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:3:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/8:3:4)

**הוֹדָה מֵעַצְמוֹ מְשַׁלֵּם קֶרֶן וְחֹמֶשׁ וְאָשָׁם.** אֲבָל כֶּפֶל לֹא, דְּמוֹדֶה בִקְנָס פָּטוּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הודה מעצמו משלם קרן וחומש ואשם – but not the double payment, for a person who admits to a fine is exempt.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/8:4:1)

**אָמַר לְאֶחָד מִן הַשּׁוּק וְכוּ'.** הָכָא לֹא גָרְסִינַן מַשְׁבִּיעֲךָ אָנִי, דְּהָא בְלֹא שְׁבוּעָה מִחַיַּב כֶּפֶל. שֶׁזֶּה גַנָּב מַמָּשׁ הוּא, וּבְגַנָּב כְּתִיב יְשַׁלֵּם שְׁנַיִם, וְאֵין צָרִיךְ שְׁבוּעָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אמר לאחד מן השוק – here we do not have the reading “I impose an oath upon you.” Because without an oath, he would be liable for double payment. For this one is an actual thief, and regarding a thief, it is written (Exodus 22:6): “[if the thief is caught,] he shall pay double,” and he does not need an oath.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/8:4:2)

**עֵדִים שֶׁמְּמַשְׁמְשִׁין וּבָאִין.** רְבוּתָא אַשְׁמְעִינַן, דְּאַף עַל גַּב דְּמֵחֲמַת בִּעֲתוּתָא דְעֵדִים מוֹדֶה, אֲפִלּוּ הָכִי מַהֲנְיָא הוֹדָאָה וְנִפְטַר מִן הַכֶּפֶל. וְכֵיוָן דְּאֵין כֶּפֶל, פָּטוּר אַף מִן הַטְּבִיחָה שֶׁכָּפַר בָּהּ וּבָאוּ עֵדִים שֶׁגָּנַב וְטָבַח וּמָכַר, דְּכָל הֵיכָא דְּלֵיכָּא כֶפֶל לֵיכָּא חִיּוּב טְבִיחָה, דְּתַשְׁלוּמֵי אַרְבָּעָה וַחֲמִשָּׁה אָמַר רַחֲמָנָא, וְלֹא תַשְׁלוּמֵי שְׁלֹשָׁה וְאַרְבָּעָה, וְכֵיוָן דְּכֶפֶל לֵיכָּא, בְּצִיר לֵיהּ חַד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
עדים שממשמשין ובאין – it is teaching us something remarkable – for even though on account of fright of the witnesses, he admits, even so, the admission is a benefit and he is exempted from the double payment. And since there is no double payment, he is exempt even from the slaughtering that he denied that and the witnesses came that he had stolen, and slaughtered or sold. For wherever there is no double payment, there is no liability for slaughtering, for the All-Merciful mentioned “four-fold payment or five-fold payment” (see Exodus 21:37: “When a man steals an ox or a sheep, and slaughters it or sells it, he shall pay five oxen for the ox, and four sheep for the sheep.”), and not “three-fold payment for four-fold payment,” and because there is not double-payment, less than this is one.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/8:5:1)

**אָמַר לַשּׁוֹאֵל וְכוּ'‏ פָּטוּר.** שֶׁהֲרֵי אַף כְּשֶׁנִּשְׁבַּע לַשֶּׁקֶר חִיֵּב אֶת עַצְמוֹ בְתַשְׁלוּמִין וְאֵין בִּשְׁבוּעָה זוֹ כְּפִירַת מָמוֹן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אמר לשואל וכו' פטור – for behold even when he was sworn to a lie, he obligated himself in payments and this oath is not a denial of money [owed].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:6:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/8:6:1)

**חַיָּב.** שֶׁהֲרֵי כָפַר מָמוֹן, שֶׁאִלּוּ הוֹדָה הָיָה מִתְחַיֵּב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חייב – for behold, he denied the money [owed] , for had he admitted, he would be make himself liable.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:6:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/8:6:2)

**מֵת וְהוּא נִשְׁבַּר וְכוּ'‏ פָּטוּר.** שֶׁאִם הוֹדָה לֹא הָיָה מְשַׁלֵּם. וְכֵן נִגְנַב וְהוּא שֶׁאָבַד, אוֹ אָבַד וְהוּא שֶׁנִּגְנַב, פָּטוּר, שֶׁהֲרֵי שִׁנָּה מֵחוֹבָה לְחוֹבָה וְלֹא כָפַר מָמוֹן בִּשְׁבוּעָה זוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מת והוא נשבר וכו' פטור – for it had admitted [to it], he would not pay. And similar, if [he said] that it had been stolen but [in reality] he lost it, or if [he said that] he lost it [but in reality] it had been stolen, he is exempt, for behold he changed from one liability to another and didn’t deny [that he owed] money in this oath.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:6:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot 8:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Shevuot/r/8:6:3)

**אָמַר לוֹ אָבַד אוֹ נִגְנַב וְהוּא שֶׁמֵּת אוֹ נִשְׁבָּה וְכוּ'‏ פָּטוּר.** שֶׁהֲרֵי שִׁנָּה מִפְּטוֹר לְחוֹבָה וְהִפְסִיד בִּשְׁבוּעָתוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אמר לו אבד או נגנב והוא שמת או נשבה וכו' פטור – for behold, he changed from something exempt to a liability and he lost out in his oath.