## Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit Chapter 2

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:1:1)

**סֵדֶר תַּעֲנִיּוֹת כֵּיצַד.** בְּשֶׁבַע תַּעֲנִיּוֹת אַחֲרוֹנוֹת קָא מַיְרֵי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
The order of the fasts, how is it: It is the last seven fasts that we are dealing with.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:1:2)

**אֶת הַתֵּבָה.** הָאָרוֹן שֶׁסֵּפֶר תּוֹרָה מֻנָּח בּוֹ, כְּלוֹמַר כְּלִי צָנוּעַ הָיָה לָנוּ וְנִתְבַּזָּה בַּעֲוֹנֵינוּ. וְלָמָּה לִרְחוֹבָהּ שֶׁל עִיר, לוֹמַר, צָעַקְנוּ בְּצִנְעָה בְּבֵית הַכְּנֶסֶת וְלֹא נַעֲנֵינוּ, נְבַזֶּה עַצְמֵנוּ בְּפַרְהֶסְיָא בִּרְחוֹבָהּ שֶׁל עִיר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
את התיבה – the ark which the Torah scroll is placed in, that is to say, we had a modest utensil which was despised by our sins And why is it brought to the city street? To say, we cried out in private in the synagogue and we were not answered; we will despise ourselves in public in the city street.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:1:3)

**אֵפֶר מִקְלֶה.** אֵפֶר שְׂרֵפָה. וּמִשּׁוּם דְּעָפָר נַמִּי אִקְּרֵי אֵפֶר תָּנָא אֵפֶר מִקְלֶה, דְּהָכָא צָרִיךְ שֶׁיִּהְיֶה אֵפֶר מַמָּשׁ כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּזְכּוֹר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עֲקֵידָתוֹ שֶׁל יִצְחָק וִירַחֵם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אפר מקלה – ashes from the burning, and because dust is called ashes, the Mishnah teaches, אפר מקלה – ashes from the roast (i.e. vegetable ashes) and because dust is called ashes, for here, it is necessary that they are ashes specifically in order that the Holy One, blessed be He remember the Binding of Israc and be merciful [upon us].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:1:4)

**עַל גַּבֵּי הַתֵּבָה.** מִשּׁוּם דִּכְתִיב (ישעיה סג) בְּכָל צָרָתָם לוֹ צָר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
על גבי התיבה – because as it is written (Isaiah 63:9): “In all their troubles He was troubled, [and the angel of His Presence delivered them…].”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:1:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:1:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:1:5)

**וּבְרֹאשׁ הַנָּשִׂיא וְכוּ'.** וְהֵן עַצְמָן אֵינָם נוֹטְלִים, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּתְבַּיְּשׁוּ יוֹתֵר, לְפִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ דוֹמֶה מִתְבַּיֵּשׁ מֵעַצְמוֹ לַמִּתְבַּיֵּשׁ מֵאֲחֵרִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ובראש הנשיא וכו' – But they themselves do not take, in order that they be even more embarrassed, since one who is embarrassed on his own is not the same as one who is embarrassed by others.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:1:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:1:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:1:6)

**דִּבְרֵי כִבּוּשִׁים.** דְּבָרִים שֶׁכּוֹבְשִׁין לִבּוֹ שֶׁל אָדָם לְהַחֲזִירוֹ לְמוּטָב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
דברי כבושים – words that conquer the heart of a person to return him to the good.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:1:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:1:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:1:7)

**וּבַקַּבָּלָה.** בְּדִבְרֵי הַנְּבִיאִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ובקבלה – the words of the prophets.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:2:1)

**וְרָגִיל.** הַיּוֹדֵעַ סֵדֶר תְּפִלָּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ורגיל – who knows the order of prayer.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:2:2)

**וְיֶשׁ לוֹ בָנִים וּבֵיתוֹ רֵיקָן.** שֶׁאֵין בְּבֵיתוֹ בַּמֶּה לְפַרְנֵס אֶת בָּנָיו, וּמִתּוֹךְ שֶׁנַּפְשׁוֹ עֲגוּמָה עָלָיו מִתְפַּלֵּל בְּכַוָּנָה. אִי נַמִּי בֵּיתוֹ רֵיקָן מִן הָעֲבֵרוֹת, שֶׁלֹּא יָצָא עָלָיו שֵׁם רַע בְּיַלְדוּתוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ויש לו בנים וביתן ריקן – But his home lacks what to support his children, and because his soul is in grief, he prays with spiritual intention; alternatively, his home is empty from sin, for a bad name has not gone - out during his youth about him.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:2:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:2:3)

**וּמוֹסִיפִין עֲלֵיהֶם שֵׁשׁ.** בֵּין גּוֹאֵל לְרוֹפֵא אוֹמֵר שֵׁשׁ בְּרָכוֹת הַלָּלוּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ומוסיפין עליהם שש – between [the blessing] “who redeems [Israel] (the fifth blessing of the weekday Amidah) and [the blessing] “who heals [the infirm of his people Israel] (the eighth blessing of the weekday Amidah), he recites these six blessings.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:3:1)

**זִכְרוֹנוֹת וְשׁוֹפָרוֹת.** כָּל הַפְּסוּקִים כְּמוֹ שֶׁאוֹמְרִים בְּרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
זכרונות ושופרות – all the Biblical verses like we recite on Rosh Hashanah.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:3:2)

**וְאוֹמֵר חוֹתְמֵיהֶן.** אַחַר זִכְרוֹנוֹת חֲתִימַת זִכְרוֹנוֹת, וְאַחַר שׁוֹפָרוֹת חֲתִימַת שׁוֹפָרוֹת, וְכֵן אַחַר כֻּלָּם כְּדִמְפָרֵשׁ וְאָזֵיל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואומר חותמיהן – After the [Biblical verses] of Zikhronot/God remembers, the concluding blessing for that section and after [the Biblical verses of] Shofarot/God redeems through the sound of the Shofar, the concluding blessing for that section, and after all of them as it explains further on.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:4:1)

**עַל הָרִאשׁוֹנָה.** בְּגוֹאֵל יִשְׂרָאֵל הוּא מַתְחִיל לְהַאֲרִיךְ. וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינָהּ מִמִּנְיַן שֵׁשׁ קוֹרֵא אוֹתָהּ רִאשׁוֹנָה, לְפִי שֶׁבָּהּ מַתְחִיל לְהוֹסִיף וּלְהַאֲרִיךְ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
על הראשונה – in [the seventh blessing of the Amidah] “who redeems Israel” , he begins to enlengthen, and even though it is not part of the number six, he recites it first, because in it he begins to add and enlengthen.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:4:2)

**עַל הַשְּׁבִיעִית.** לַבְּרָכוֹת שֶׁמַּאֲרִיךְ בָּהֶן. אֲבָל הַבְּרָכוֹת שֶׁמּוֹסִיפִין בִּשְׁבִיל הַתַּעֲנִית אֵינָן אֶלָּא שֵׁשׁ, שֶׁבְּרָכָה רִאשׁוֹנָה שֶׁהִיא גּוֹאֵל יִשְׂרָאֵל דִּשְׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה הִיא, אֶלָּא שֶׁמַּאֲרִיךְ בָּהּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
על השביעית – of the blessings that he lengthens, but the blessings that he adds because of the fast day are only six, for the first blessing which is “who redeems Israel” of the Shemonah Eshreh which he lengthens.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:4:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:4:3)

**מִי שֶׁעָנָה אֶת דָּוִד וְאֶת שְׁלֹמֹה בְנוֹ.** וְאַף עַל גַּב דְּיוֹנָה בָּתַר דָּוִד וּשְׁלֹמֹה הָיָה. מִכָּל מָקוֹם מַקְדִּים לֵיהּ בְּרֵישָׁא, מִשּׁוּם דְּבָעֵי לְמִחְתָּם בְּסוֹף הַבְּרָכוֹת בָּרוּךְ הַמְרַחֵם עַל הָאָרֶץ, וְדָוִד וּשְׁלֹמֹה בְנוֹ הֵם שֶׁהִתְפַּלְּלוּ עַל אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל. דָּוִד, וַיְהִי רָעָב בִּימֵי דָוִד כוּ'‏ (שמואל ב כא), וּשְׁלֹמֹה, רָעָב כִּי יִהְיֶה בָאָרֶץ (מלכים א ח):

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מי שענה את דוד ואת שלמה בנו – And even though that Jonah [came] after David and Solomon. Nevertheless, we place them first, because it is necessary to close the blessing at its conclusion, “Blessed be…who has mercy on the Land,” for David and Solomon his son are they who prayed over the Land of Israel; David [as it is written concerning him] (II Samuel 21:1): “There was a famine during the reign of David, [year after year for three years],” ; and Solomon [as it is written concerning him] (I Kings 8:37): “So, too, if there is a famine in the land, [if there is pestilence, blight, mildew, locusts or caterpillars…].”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:5:1)

**בִּימֵי רַבִּי חֲלַפְתָּא.** בְּצִפּוֹרִי הָיָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בימי רבי חלפתא – This was in Sepphoris.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:5:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:5:2)

**וְלֹא עָנוּ אַחֲרָיו אָמֵן גָּרְסִינַן.** לְפִי שֶׁבַּמִּקְדָּשׁ לֹא הָיוּ עוֹנִין אָמֵן אַחַר כָּל בְּרָכָה אֶלָּא בָּרוּךְ שֵׁם כְּבוֹד מַלְכוּתוֹ לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד, כִּדְאָמְרִינַן בַּגְּמָרָא בִּבְרָכוֹת פֶּרֶק הָרוֹאֶה. וְאֵלּוּ לֹא בַמִּקְדָּשׁ הָיוּ וְעָשׂוּ כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁעוֹשִׂים בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ולא ענו אחריו אמן – As our tradition reads it, because In the Temple, they would not answer Amen after every blessing but rather “Praised be the name of the God’s glorious kingdom forever and ever>’ as we read in the Gemara of Berakhot in the Chapter “HaRoeh” (ninth chapter). And these were not in the Temple and they behaved as they would in the Temple.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:5:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:5:3)

**תִּקְעוּ בְנֵי אַהֲרֹן תְּקָעוּ.** חַזַּן הַכְּנֶסֶת אוֹמֵר לָהֶם כָּךְ עַל כָּל בְּרָכָה וּבְרָכָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
תקעו בני אהרן תקעו – The sexton of the synagogue would say to them such each and every blessing.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:5:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:5:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:5:4)

**לֹא הָיִינוּ נוֹהֲגִין כֵּן.** שֶׁלֹּא לַעֲנוֹת אָמֵן אֶלָּא בָּרוּךְ שֵׁם כְּבוֹד מַלְכוּתוֹ לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לא היינו נוהגין כן – That they would not say “Amen” [at the conclusion of each blessing] but rather, “Praised be the name of God’s glorious kingdom forever and ever.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:5:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:5:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:5:5)

**אֶלָּא בְשַׁעַר מִזְרָח.** שַׁעַר מִזְרָח שֶׁל הַר הַבַּיִת וְשַׁעַר הַמִּזְרָח שֶׁל עֲזָרָה. לְפִי שֶׁהָיוּ מַזְכִּירִין שֵׁם הַמְפֹרָשׁ בַּחֲתִימַת הַבְּרָכָה, וְלֹא סַגִּי בַּעֲנִיַּת אָמֵן. וְאֵין לוֹמַר לֹא הָיוּ נוֹהֲגִין לִתְקֹעַ אֶלָּא בַמִּקְדָּשׁ, דְּוַדַּאי תּוֹקְעִין בַּגְּבוּלִין, כִּדְמוּכָח בְּהַךְ מַסֶּכְתָּא וּבְרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה. וַהֲלָכָה כַּחֲכָמִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אלא בשער המזרח – at the eastern gate of the Temple Mount and at the eastern gate of the Temple Courtyard (which had seven gates – See Mishnah Middot Chapter 1, Mishnah 4). For they would mention God’s special name (i.e., the Tetragrammaton) at the conclusion of each blessing and it was not sufficient to say “Amen.” And this is not to say that they did not have the practice of sounding the Shofar other than in the Temple, for they clearly did sound the Shofar outside [of Jerusalem], as is proven in this Tractate and in Rosh Hashanah, and the Halakha is according to the Sages.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:6:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:6:1)

**אַנְשֵׁי מִשְׁמָר.** עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבָּעָה מִשְׁמְרוֹת כְּהֻנָּה הָיוּ, כָּל מִשְׁמָר עוֹבֵד בַּשַּׁבָּת שֶׁלּוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אנשי משמר – there were twenty-four priestly divisions and each division serves on its week.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:6:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:6:2)

**אַנְשֵׁי בֵית אָב.** הַמִּשְׁמָר מִתְחַלֵּק לְשִׁבְעָה בָתֵּי אָבוֹת כְּמִנְיַן יְמוֹת הַשָּׁבוּעַ, כָּל אֶחָד עוֹבֵד יוֹמוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אנשי בית אב – Each division is divided into seven distinct units corresponding to the days of the week. Each one serves on its particular day.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:6:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:6:3)

**מִתְעַנִּין וְלֹא מַשְׁלִימִין.** שֶׁתַּעֲנִיּוֹת הָרִאשׁוֹנוֹת אֵינָן חֲמוּרִין כָּל כָּךְ, וּלְפִיכָךְ אֵין מַשְׁלִימִין, שֶׁאִם תִּכְבַּד הָעֲבוֹדָה עַל אַנְשֵׁי בֵית אָב שֶׁהָיוּ עוֹבְדִין אוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם יָבֹאוּ אֵלּוּ לְסַיְּעָן וִיהֵא בָהֶן כֹּחַ לַעֲבֹד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מתענין ולא משלימין – The first fasts were not so stringent. Therefore they would not complete them for if the service was that weighty on the men of a particular priestly division that they were doing that day, others would come to help them so that they would have the strength to serve [appropriately].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:7:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:7:1)

**אַנְשֵׁי מִשְׁמָר מֻתָּרִים לִשְׁתּוֹת יַיִן.** לָאו גַּבֵּי תַּעֲנִית קָאֵי, אֶלָּא אַיְדֵי דְאַיְרֵי בִּבְנֵי מִשְׁמָר מַיְתֵי לַהּ הָכָא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אנשי משמר מותרין לשתות יין – This is not referring to the fast, but it is these are speaking of the membes of the division that they bring it here.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:7:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:7:2)

**בַּלֵּילוֹת.** שֶׁאֵין לָחוּשׁ שֶׁמָּא תִּכְבַּד הָעֲבוֹדָה עַל אַנְשֵׁי בֵית אָב בַּלַּיְלָה וְיִצְטָרְכוּ אֵלּוּ לָבֹא לְסַיְּעָם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בלילות – that we should not fear lest the service become too heavy on the men of each division who served daily at night where they [i.e., others] would need to come to assist them.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:7:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:7:3)

**לֹא בַיּוֹם וְלֹא בַלָּיְלָה.** לְפִי שֶׁהָיוּ צְרִיכִין לְהַעֲלוֹת כָּל הַלַּיְלָה אֵבָרִים וּפְדָרִים שֶׁפָּקְעוּ מֵעַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לא ביום ולא בלילה – since they had to bring up all night fats and limbs that sprang from the altar.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:7:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:7:4)

**אַנְשֵׁי מַעֲמָד.** הֵם יִשְׂרְאֵלִים הַקְּבוּעִים בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם וְעוֹמְדִים עַל קָרְבַּן אֲחֵיהֶם וּמִתְפַּלְּלִין שֶׁיְּהֵא מְקֻבָּל בְּרָצוֹן. וְעוֹמְדִים שָׁם בִּשְׁעַת הָעֲבוֹדָה שְׁלוּחִים מִכָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל, דְּהֵיאַךְ קָרְבָּנוֹ שֶׁל אָדָם קָרֵב וְהוּא אֵינוֹ עוֹמֵד עַל גַּבָּיו, וְהַכָּתוּב אוֹמֵר (במדבר כח) תִּשְׁמְרוּ לְהַקְרִיב לִי בְּמוֹעֲדוֹ, לְיִשְׂרָאֵל מְצַוֶּה שֶׁיַּעַמְדוּ עַל הַכֹּהֲנִים בִּשְׁעַת עֲבוֹדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אנשי מעמד – these were Israelites who were set up in Jerusalem and stood over the sacrifices of their brethren and would pray that it would be accepted with favor. And during the time of the Divine Service, representatives from all Israel would stand there, for how could the sacrifice of a person be offered and he was not standing by it, as the Bible states (Numbers 28:2): “…Be punctilious in presenting to Me at stated times.” For the Israelite, it was a commandment that they should stand over the Kohanim at the time of Divine Worship.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:7:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:7:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:7:5)

**אֲסוּרִים לְסַפֵּר וּלְכַבֵּס.** מִשֶּׁנִּכְנְסוּ לְמִשְׁמַרְתָּם, כָּל אוֹתָהּ שַׁבָּת, כְּדֵי שֶׁיְּסַפְּרוּ קֹדֶם לָכֵן וְלֹא יִכָּנְסוּ לְמִשְׁמַרְתָּן כְּשֶׁהֵן מְנֻוָּלִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אסורים לספר ולכבס – When they entered into their division, all the entire week, in order that they should cut their hair prior to that, therefore they would not enter their division while they look repulsive.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:7:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:7:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:7:6)

**וּבַחֲמִישִׁי.** שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ מִשְׁמַרְתָּן מֻתָּרִים, שֶׁדֶּרֶךְ [רֹב] בְּנֵי אָדָם לְסַפֵּר בַּחֲמִישִׁי וְאֵין מַמְתִּינִין לְסַפֵּר בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת מִפְּנֵי הַטֹּרַח:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ובחמישי – in the midst of their division service [on the given Thursday]. מותרים – it is the manner of most people to get their hair cut on Thursday and not put off shaving/cutting their hair until Friday because of the pain-staking preparations.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:8:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:8:1)

**כֹּל הַכָּתוּב בִּמְגִלַּת תַּעֲנִית.** יָמִים שֶׁנַּעֲשׂוּ בָהֶם נִסִּים לְיִשְׂרָאֵל בְּבַיִת שֵׁנִי וְקָבְעוּ יָמִים טוֹבִים. אִית יוֹמַיָא דְּלֹא לְהִתְעַנָּאָה בְהוֹן בִּלְבָד. וְאִית יוֹמֵי דַחֲמִירֵי טְפֵי דְּלֹא לְמִסְפַּד בְּהוֹן. וְאוֹתָן שֶׁהֵן חֲמוּרִים וַאֲסוּרִים בְּהֶסְפֵּד.

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כל הכתוב במגילת תענית – days in which miracles were performed for Israel during the Second Temple period and they established holidays. There is a day where one only does not fast on them and there are days in which they were more stringent by not giving eulogies on them, and those in which they were more stringent, it was forbidden to give eulogies.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:8:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:8:2)

**לְפָנָיו אָסוּר** בְּהֶסְפֵּד דִּלְמָא אָתֵי לְמֶעְבַּד הָכִי בְּיוֹם טוֹב גּוּפֵהּ.

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לפניו אסור – to give eulogies [on the day before], lest they come to do this on the holy day itself [where it was absolutely forbidden].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:8:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:8:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:8:3)

**לְאַחֲרָיו מֻתָּר** דְּכֵיוָן דְּעָבַר יוֹם טוֹב לֹא חַיְשִׁינַן. וַאֲנַן קַיְמָא לָן דְּבָטְלָה מְגִלַּת תַּעֲנִית, וְכָל אוֹתָן הַיָּמִים הַכְּתוּבִים שָׁם דְּלֹא לְהִתְעַנָּאָה וּדְלֹא לְמִסְפַּד, כֻּלָּן מֻתָּרִין בְּהֶסְפֵּד וְתַעֲנִית, חוּץ מֵחֲנֻכָּה וּפוּרִים שֶׁאֲסוּרִין בְּהֶסְפֵּד וְתַעֲנִית. וְיָמִים שֶׁלִּפְנֵיהֶם וְאַחֲרֵיהֶם מֻתָּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לאחריו מותר – since the holiday passed, we are not concerned. And we establish for ourselves [today] since the Scroll of Fasts has been voided, that all of the days that were written there to not fast or to give eulogies on them – all of them are permissible [now] to fast and give eulogies [on them], except for Hanukkah [25 Kislev to 2/3 Tevet] and Purim [i.e. 14 Adar or 15 Adar in a walled city from the time of Joshua] , which in which giving eulogies and fasting are prohibited, but on the days before them and after them, it is permissible.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:9:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:9:1)

**שֶׁלֹּא לְהַפְקִיעַ אֶת הַשְּׁעָרִים.** כְּשֶׁרוֹאִין בַּעֲלֵי חֲנֻיּוֹת שֶׁקּוֹנִין לְמוֹצָאֵי חֲמִישִׁי שְׁתֵּי סְעֻדּוֹת גְּדוֹלוֹת, אַחַת לְלֵיל הַתַּעֲנִית וְאַחַת לַשַּׁבָּת, יִהְיוּ סְבוּרִין שֶׁבָּא רָעָב לָעוֹלָם, וּמְיַקְּרִין וּמַפְקִיעִין הַשַּׁעַר. אֲבָל מִשֶּׁהִתְחִילוּ לְהִתְעַנּוֹת בַּשֵּׁנִי, יוֹדְעִים שֶׁאֵינוֹ אֶלָּא מִפְּנֵי הַתַּעֲנִית. פֵּרוּשׁ אַחֵר שֶׁלֹּא יֹאמְרוּ אִם לֹא שֶׁרָאוּ בֵית דִּין שֶׁהָרָעָב בָּא, לֹא הָיוּ דוֹחֲקִים לִגְזֹר תַּעֲנִית עַתָּה סָמוּךְ לַשַּׁבָּת, וּמִפְּנֵי כֵן יְיַקְּרוּ וְיַפְקִיעוּ הַשַּׁעַר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שלא להפקיע את השערים – When we see that store owners would purchase two large meals at the conclusion of the fifth day of the week (i.e., Thursday), one for the night of the fast and one for Shabat, people would think that there a famine is coming in the world causing prices to rise and unsettling the market. But when they started to fast on Mondays, people knew that it was none other than because of [the need to] fast [for rain to fall]. Another explanation: that they should not say that if the Jewish court did not see that the famine is coming, they would not have pushed to decree a fast now so close to Shabbat, and because of that, the prices would rise and the market became unsettled.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:10:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:10:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:10:1)

**וְאִם הִתְחִילוּ.** שֶׁגָּזְרוּ הַתַּעֲנִיּוֹת קֹדֶם לָכֵן וְהִתְחִילוּ לְהִתְעַנּוֹת עַל הַצָּרָה אֲפִלּוּ יוֹם אֶחָד וּפָגַע בָּהֶן אֶחָד מֵאֵלּוּ הַיָּמִים, אֵין מַפְסִיקִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ואם התחילו – that they decreed these fasts earlier than this and began to fast on the trouble, even one day, and one of these days came up, we don’t halt [from fasting].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:10:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:10:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:10:2)

**מוֹדֶה הוּא שֶׁאֵין מַשְׁלִימִין.** לְהִתְעַנּוֹת בָּהֶן כָּל הַיּוֹם, אֶלָּא אוֹכֵל בָּעֶרֶב סָמוּךְ לִשְׁקִיעַת הַחַמָּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מודה הוא שאין משלימין – to fast on them the entire day, but he eats in the evening close to sunset.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:10:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 2:10:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/2:10:3)

**וְכֵן תִּשְׁעָה בְאָב שֶׁחָל לִהְיוֹת בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת.** כְּגוֹן בִּזְמַן שֶׁהָיוּ בֵית דִּין קוֹבְעִים עַל פִּי הָרְאִיָּה, אוֹכֵל בָּעֶרֶב סָמוּךְ לִשְׁקִיעַת הַחַמָּה, מִפְּנֵי כְבוֹד הַשַּׁבָּת שֶׁלֹּא יִכָּנֵס לַשַּׁבָּת כְּשֶׁהוּא רָעֵב. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי מֵאִיר, אֶלָּא מִתְעַנִּין וּמַשְׁלִימִין. וְכֵן תִּשְׁעָה בְאָב שֶׁחָל לִהְיוֹת בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת מִתְעַנֶּה וּמַשְׁלִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וכן ט' באב שחל להיות בערב שבת – such as at the time when the Jewish court would establish [the months] through visual [sighting of the New Moon]. But he would eat in the evening near sunset because of the honor of the Sabbath, so that he would not enter the Sabbath while he is hungry. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Meir but rather, we complete the fast. Similarly, Tisha B’Av that occurs on a Friday, we complete the fast (Note: Today, this situation would never arise due to the fact that the first day of Passover is always the same day of the week as Tisha B’Av, and the first day of Passover can never fall on a Friday, since the time and edicts of Hillel II in the fourth century CE).