## Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit Chapter 3

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:1:1)

**סֵדֶר תַּעֲנִיּוֹת הָאֵלּוּ.** הָאֲמוּרִין בַּפְּרָקִין דִּלְעֵיל, אֵינוֹ אֶלָּא בִּרְבִיעָה רִאשׁוֹנָה, אִם עָבְרוּ שְׁלֹשָׁה זְמַנִּין שֶׁל רְבִיעָה שֶׁל יוֹרֶה, שֶׁהֵם שְׁלִישִׁי בְּמַרְחֶשְׁוָן וּשְׁבִיעִי וְשִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר, וְלֹא יָרְדוּ גְשָׁמִים, אָז הָיוּ מִתְעַנִּין יְחִידִים, וְאַחַר כָּךְ מִתְעַנִּין הַצִּבּוּר שְׁלֹשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה תַּעֲנִיּוֹת עַל הַסֵּדֶר שֶׁאָמַר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
סדר תעניות האלו – that are mentioned in the chapter above, are not observed other than for the rainfall in the autumn. If the three times of the early rainfall passed, which are the third of Marcheshvan, the seventh [of Marcheshvan] and the seventeenth [of Marcheshvan] and rain did not fall, then individuals would fast, and afterwards, the community would [observe] thirteen fasts according to the order that was mentioned.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:1:2)

**אֲבָל.** יָרְדוּ גְשָׁמִים בְּעִתָּן וְצָמְחוּ הַזְּרָעִים וְנִשְׁתַּנּוּ, כְּמוֹ תַּחַת חִטָּה יָצָא חוֹחַ, תַּחַת שְׂעוֹרָה בָּאְשָׁה, אוֹ שִׁנּוּי אַחֵר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אבל – if rains fell at their appropriate time and the seeds sprouted and changed, such as in place of wheat came thorns and in place of barley came the early stages of ripening, or another change.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:1:3)

**מַתְרִיעִין עֲלֵיהֶם מִיָּד.** בְּתַעֲנִיּוֹת רִאשׁוֹנוֹת. שֶׁכָּל חֹמֶר הָאָמוּר בַּתַּעֲנִיּוֹת הָאַחֲרוֹנוֹת נוֹהֲגִין מִיָּד בָּרִאשׁוֹנוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מתריעין עליהם מיד – with the first fast, for all the stringency related to the latter fasts are practiced immediately on the first fast.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:1:4)

**בֵּין גֶּשֶׁם לְגֶשֶׁם.** בֵּין רְבִיעָה רִאשׁוֹנָה לִשְׁנִיָּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בין גשם לגשם—between the rainfall in the autumn and the second period.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:1:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:1:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:1:5)

**מַכַּת בַּצֹּרֶת.** סִימַן בַּצֹּרֶת הוּא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מכת בצורת – it is a sign of drought [of rain in season].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:2:1)

**יָרְדוּ לַצְּמָחִים וְלֹא לָאִילָן.** כְּגוֹן שֶׁיָּרְדוּ בְּנַחַת, שֶׁזֶּה יָפֶה לַצְּמָחִים וְלָעֲשָׂבִים וְאֵינוֹ מוֹעִיל לָאִילָנוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ירדו לצמחים ולא לאילן – such as it would rain gently, which is good for plants and grasses but is not sufficient for trees.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:2:2)

**לָאִילָן וְלֹא לַצְּמָחִים.** שֶׁיָּרְדוּ בְּכֹחַ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לאילן ולא לצמחים – that [rain] fell with great force


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:2:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:2:3)

**לַבּוֹרוֹת שִׁיחִין וּמְעָרוֹת.** שֶׁמַּכְנִיסִין בָּהֶן מַיִם לִשְׁתּוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
for cisterns, ditches/pits and caves.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:3:1)

**וְכָל סְבִיבוֹתֶיהָ מִתְעַנּוֹת.** שֶׁאוֹתָהּ הָעִיר שֶׁלֹּא יָרְדוּ בָהּ גְּשָׁמִים תֵּלֵךְ לִקְנוֹת תְּבוּאָה בָּעִיר שֶׁיָּרְדוּ בָהּ וְיִהְיֶה רָעָב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וכל סביבותיה מתענות – since that city where rain did not fall would have to go to buy grain in a city where [rain] fell and there would be famine.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:4:1)

**מַפֹּלֶת.** שֶׁחוֹמוֹתֶיהָ הַבְּרִיאוֹת נוֹפְלוֹת. אֲבָל רְעוּעוֹת אֵין זוֹ מַפֹּלֶת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מפולת – which have healthy walls fall, but those [walls] that were in disrepair/defective (Taanit 20b) are not the falling of houses [mentioned].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:5:1)

**בְּכָל מָקוֹם.** וַאֲפִלּוּ הֶעָרִים הָרְחוֹקוֹת מִמֶּנָּה הַרְבֵּה, כְּדִמְפָרֵשׁ טַעֲמָא בְּסֵיפָא מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא מַכָּה מְהַלֶּכֶת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בכל מקום – and even those cities that were very far away from it, as the reason explained at the end [of the Mishnah] because of a continuing plague.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:5:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:5:2)

**שִׁדָּפוֹן.** רוּחַ שֶׁמַּפְסִיד אֶת הַתְּבוּאָה וּמִתְרוֹקֶנֶת מִן הַזֶּרַע:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שדפון – wind that destroys the grain and empties it of seed.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:5:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:5:3)

**יֵרָקוֹן.** תְּבוּאָה שֶׁהִכְסִיפוּ פָנֶיהָ. וְיֵשׁ מְפָרְשִׁים יֵרָקוֹן חֹלִי שֶׁהוֹפֵךְ פְּנֵי אָדָם כְּמַרְאֵה יֶרֶק הַשָּׂדֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ירקון – grain whose surface becomes pale; and there are those who explain [the word] ירקון as an illness that changes the face of man to be like the appearance of the vegetation of the field.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:5:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:5:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:5:4)

**וְעַל חַיָּה רָעָה.** שֶׁנִּרְאֵית בַּיּוֹם בַּיִּשּׁוּב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ועל חיה רעה – that appears in the daytime on the settlement.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:5:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:5:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:5:5)

**וְעַל הַחֶרֶב.** חֵילוֹת הָעוֹבְרוֹת מִמָּקוֹם לְמָקוֹם, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינָם בָּאִים לְהִלָּחֵם עִם אוֹתָהּ הָעִיר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ועל החרב – armies passing from place to place, and even though they are not coming to fight with that city.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:6:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:6:1)

**לְעָרֵיהֶן.** לְאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לעריהן – to the Land of Israel


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:6:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:6:2)

**כִּמְלֹא פִי תַנּוּר.** שֶׁלָּקְתָה בְּשִׁדָּפוֹן כָּל כָּךְ תְּבוּאָה שֶׁהָיָה רָאוּי לַעֲשׂוֹת מִמֶּנָּה פַּת לְמַלֹּאת [פִּי] הַתַּנּוּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כמלוא פי תנור – that was struck by blast (i.e., emptied of grain) of so much grain that it would been capable to make of it bread to fill [the mouth of] the oven.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:6:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:6:3)

**בְּאַשְׁקְלוֹן.** בְּאֶרֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
באשקלון – in the land of the Philistines


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:6:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:6:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:6:4)

**וְעַל שֶׁאָכְלוּ זְאֵבִים.** דְּהִיא חַיָּה רָעָה וּמַכָּה מְהַלֶּכֶת הִיא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ועל שאכלו זאבים – which is an wild beast which continually does damage


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:6:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:6:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:6:5)

**עַל שֶׁנִּרְאָה.** בָּאוּ בָעִיר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
על שנראה – that came in the city


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:7:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:7:1)

**הַמִּטָּרֶפֶת.** מִתְחַבֶּטֶת וּמִשְׁתַּבֶּרֶת, כְּמוֹ בֵּיצָה הַטְּרוּפָה בִּקְעָרָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
המטרפת – beaten down and broken , like an egg that is beaten in a bowl


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:7:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:7:2)

**לְעֶזְרָה.** לְקַבֵּץ אֶת הָעָם שֶׁיָּבֹאוּ לַעֲזֹר וּלְהוֹשִׁיעַ. וַהֲלָכָה שֶׁאֵין תּוֹקְעִים עֲלֵיהֶם בַּשּׁוֹפָר אוֹ בַחֲצוֹצְרוֹת בַּשַּׁבָּת אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן הֻצְרְכוּ לִתְקֹעַ לְקַבֵּץ אֶת הָעָם, אֲבָל מִתְעַנִּים וְזוֹעֲקִים וּמִתְחַנְּנִים עֲלֵיהֶם בַּשַּׁבָּת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לעזרה – to gather the people that they should come to help and save. Therefore, we do not sound the Shofar or trumpets regarding them on Shabbat, unless it is was [absolutely] necessary to sound the Shofar to gather the people [together]. But they would fast and cry out and supplicate [God] on their behalf on Shabbat.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:7:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:7:3)

**שִׁמְעוֹן הַתִּמְנִי.** מִתִּמְנָת הָיָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שמעון התימני – He was from Yemen.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:7:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:7:4)

**אַף עַל הַדֶּבֶר.** מַתְרִיעִין בְּשַׁבָּת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אף על הדבר – they would sound the Shofar on Shabbat.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:7:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:7:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:7:5)

**וְלֹא הוֹדוּ לוֹ חֲכָמִים.** לְהַתְרִיעַ עַל הַדֶּבֶר בְּשַׁבָּת. אֲבָל בְּחֹל מַתְרִיעִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ולא הודו לו חכמים - to sound the Shofar on Shabbat for [the plague of] pestilence, but they would sound the Shofar for it on weekdays.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:8:1)

**חוּץ מֵרוֹב גְּשָׁמִים.** לֹא שֶׁיָּרְדוּ הַרְבֵּה כָּל כָּךְ שֶׁמְּקַלְקְלִין אֶת הַתְּבוּאָה, אֶלָּא שֶׁכְּבָר יָרְדוּ הַרְבֵּה שֶׁאֵין צְרִיכִין לָהֶן עוֹד וְהֵן לְטֹרַח עַל בְּנֵי אָדָם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חוץ מרוב גשמים – it did not rain so much that it ruined the grain, but it already rained a lot that we have no further need for them and they are troublesome for people.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:8:2)

**תַּנּוּרֵי פְסָחִים.** שֶׁל חֶרֶס הֵם וּמִטַּלְטְלִין מִמָּקוֹם לְמָקוֹם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
תנורי פסחים – they are of earthenware and they are carried from place to place.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:8:3)

**שֶׁלֹּא יִמּוֹקוּ.** בַּגְּשָׁמִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שלא ימוקו – [they wouldn’t become soft] because of the [large amount of] rain


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:8:4)

**עָג עוּגָה.** רָשַׁם בַּקַּרְקַע רֹשֶׁם עָגֹל כְּעֵין עוּגָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
עג עוגה – he made the circular incision/tracing on the ground, like a circle


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:8:5)

**גִּשְׁמֵי בוֹרוֹת.** גְּשָׁמִים בְּשֶׁפַע לְמַלֹּאת בּוֹרוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
גשמי בורות – plenty of rain to fill the cisterns.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:8:6)

**אִם נִמְחֵת.** אִם כֻּלָּהּ מְכֻסָּה בְּמַיִם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אם נמחית – if it was entirely covered with water


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:8:7)

**אֶבֶן טוֹעִים.** אֶבֶן הָיְתָה בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם שֶׁכָּל מִי שֶׁמּוֹצֵא מְצִיאָה הָיָה עוֹמֵד עָלֶיהָ וּמַכְרִיז מְצִיאָה מָצָאתִי, וּבָאִין בְּעָלֶיהָ וְנוֹתְנִין סִימָנֶיהָ וְנוֹטְלִין אוֹתָהּ. וְאוֹתָהּ אֶבֶן נִקְרֵאת אֶבֶן טוֹעִים. וּמָצָאתִי כָּתוּב שֶׁהָיְתָה גְבוֹהָה מְאֹד וְלֹא הָיָה אֶפְשָׁר שֶׁתִּתְכַּסֶּה בִגְשָׁמִים אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן בָּא מַבּוּל לָעוֹלָם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אבן טועים – a stone which was in Jerusalem – for whomever would find something had to stand on it and announce “I found this thing.” And [people] would come up and give its “signs” and take them, and that stone which was called “The Stone of Losers (Claims). And I found written that it was very high and that it was not possible for rains to cover it other than if a flood came to the world.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:8:8)

**נִדּוּי.** שֶׁמְּנַדִּין עַל כְּבוֹד הָרַב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לנדות – that we excommunicate on account of his great honor.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:8:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:8:9)

**מִתְחַטֵּא.** מִתְגַּעְגֵּעַ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מתחטא – on his rebellious conduct.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:9:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:9:1)

**רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר קֹדֶם חֲצוֹת לֹא יַשְׁלִימוּ.** וַהֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רבי אליעזר אומר: קודם חצות לא ישלימו – and the Halakha is according to Rabbi Eliezer.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:9:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Taanit 3:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Taanit/r/3:9:2)

**צְאוּ אִכְלוּ וּשְׁתוּ.** וְלֹא אָמַר לָהֶן קִרְאוּ הַלֵּל הַגָּדוֹל תְּחִלָּה, שֶׁאֵין קוֹרִין הַלֵּל הַגָּדוֹל אֶלָּא בְּכֶרֶס מְלֵאָה וְנֶפֶשׁ שְׂבֵעָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
צאו אכלו ושתו – and he did not say to them that they should first recite “The Great Hallel” (Psalm 136), for one should only say “The Great Hallel” with a full stomach and a satiated soul.