## Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot Chapter 8

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:1:1)

**הַדָּר עִם עַם הָאָרֶץ.** מֻקָּפוֹת צָמִיד פָּתִיל. טְמֵאוֹת, מִשּׁוּם אִשְׁתּוֹ נִדָּה, שֶׁמָּא הִסִּיטָה וְיָשְׁבָה וְטִמְּאָה אֶת הַכֹּל:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
הדר עם עם הארץ. מוקפות צמיד פתיל – they are ritually impure because his wife is a menstruating woman, lest she shook it and sat and defiled everything.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:1:2)

**רַבִּי יְהוּדָה מְטַהֵר בְּתַנּוּר.** מִשּׁוּם דְּאִי אֶפְשָׁר לְהַסִּיטוֹ, דִּסְתָמוֹ מְחֻבָּר קְצָת, שֶׁעוֹשִׂין לוֹ טְפֵלָה לְחַבְּרוֹ בָּאָרֶץ. וּמַאן דִּמְטַמֵּא סָבַר גָּזְרִינַן מְחֻבָּר אַטּוּ שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְחֻבָּר. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ר' יהודה מטהר בתנור – because it is impossible to shake it, for it is merely attached a bit, and they make it secondary to attach it to the ground. But the one who defiles it (i.e., Rabbi Yossi) holds that we make the degree that something attached is because of that which is not attached. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:2:1)

**הַמַּפְקִיד כֵּלִים אֵצֶל עַם הָאָרֶץ טְמֵאִים טְמֵא מֵת.** וּצְרִיכִין הַזָּאָה שְׁלִישִׁי וּשְׁבִיעִי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
המפקיד כלים אצל עם הארץ טמאים טמא מת – and requiring sprinkling on the third and seventh days (see Numbers 19:19).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:2:2)

**אִם מַכִּירוֹ.** אִם הָעַם הָאָרֶץ מַכִּיר בַּמַּפְקִיד שֶׁהוּא כֹּהֵן אוֹכֵל בַּתְּרוּמָה, זָהִיר עַל הַפִּקָּדוֹן שֶׁלּוֹ שֶׁלֹּא יְטַמְּאֶנּוּ בְּמֵת, וְאֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ הַזָּאָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אם מכירו – if the commoner recognizes the depositor that he is a Kohen who consumes heave-offering/priest’s due, he is careful regarding his deposit that it will not be defiled by a corpse, and it doesn’t require sprinkling [on the third and seventh days].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:2:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:2:3)

**אֲבָל טְמֵאִין מִדְרָס.** מִשּׁוּם אִשְׁתּוֹ נִדָּה שֶׁמָּא יָשְׁבָה עֲלֵיהֶן, דְּאֵינוֹ נִזְהָר מִטֻּמְאַת אִשְׁתּוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אבל טמאים מדרס – because his wife is a menstruating woman, lest she sat upon them, for he is not careful from the defilement of his wife.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:2:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:2:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:2:4)

**בִּזְמַן שֶׁהִיא רוֹצֶצֶת.** שֶׁהַכִּסּוּי דּוֹחֵק הַבְּגָדִים מֵחֲמַת שֶׁהִיא מְלֵאָה בְּיוֹתֵר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
בזמן שהיא רוצצת (at the time when it is tightly packed) – that the covering presses the clothing on account of the fact that it is too full.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:2:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:2:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:2:5)

**טְמֵאִים מִדְרָס.** הַבְּגָדִים. דִּכְשֶׁאִשְׁתּוֹ יוֹשֶׁבֶת עַל הַתֵּבָה אוֹ נִשְׁעֶנֶת עָלֶיהָ, מַכְבֶּדֶת עַל הַבְּגָדִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
טמאים מדרס – the clothes [are defiled through treading]. For when his wife sits upon the box [full of clothing] or leans upon it, she weighs down upon the clothing.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:2:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:2:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:2:6)

**אִם אֵינָהּ רוֹצֶצֶת טְמֵאִין מַדָּף.** כְּלוֹמַר טֻמְאָה קַלָּה, לְטַמֵּא אֳכָלִין וּמַשְׁקִין, כְּמוֹ עַל גַּבּוֹ שֶׁל זָב שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְטַמֵּא בְּגָדִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אם אינה רוצצת טמאין מדף (if it is not tightly packed, they are unclean with indirect contact for conferring ritual impurity) -meaning to say, a lighter defilement, to defile foods and liquids, like on top of a person with gonorrhea who does not defile clothing.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:2:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:2:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:2:7)

**אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהַמַּפְתֵּחַ בְּיַד בְּעָלִים.** דְּחָיְשִׁינַן שֶׁמָּא הִסִּיטָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אע"פ שמפתח ביד בעלים – for we are concerned lest he shook it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:3:1)

**הַמְאַבֵּד בַּיּוֹם וּמָצָא בַיּוֹם טָהוֹר.** דְּמִסְּתָמָא אִם הָיָה אָדָם מוֹצְאוֹ וְנוֹגֵעַ בּוֹ הָיָה מַגְבִּיהוֹ, כְּדֶרֶךְ מוֹצֵא אֲבֵדָה. אֲבָל בַּלַּיְלָה, אֲפִלּוּ שָׁעָה אַחַת דְּלֹא חֲזִי לֵיהּ, חָיְשִׁינַן שֶׁמָּא נָגַע בּוֹ אָדָם טָמֵא וְלֹא רָאָהוּ. וּמַתְנִיתִין בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים דִּסְפֵקוֹ טָהוֹר אַיְרֵי, וְאַף עַל פִּי כֵן בַּלַּיְלָה טְמֵאִים מִדְרָס וּטְמֵא מֵת. אֲבָל בִּרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד דִּסְפֵקוֹ טָמֵא, בֵּין בַּיּוֹם בֵּין בַּלַּיְלָה טְמֵאִים. וְהָכִי אִיתָא בַּתּוֹסֶפְתָּא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
המאבד ביום ומצא ביום טהור – for something undefined if a person would find it and touch/come in contact with it, he would lift it up, in the manner that he finds a lost object. But at night, even for one hour that he can’t see it, we are concerned lest a ritually impure person touched it and he did not see it. But our Mishnah is dealing with the public domain, and its manner of doubt is assumed to be ritually pure but even so at night, they are ritually impure by Midras/ritual impurity through treading or by someone defiled by a corpse. But in the private domain, its manner of doubt is ritually impure, whether during the day or whether at night, and this is brought in the Tosefta (Tractate Taharot, Chapter 9, Halakha 10).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:3:2)

**בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים טְהוֹרִים בִּרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד טְמֵאִין.** דְּאֵין כָּאן אֶלָּא סָפֵק שֶׁמָּא נָגַע בָּהֶן נָכְרִי אוֹ עַם הָאָרֶץ, הִלְכָּךְ בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים דִּסְפֵקוֹ טָהוֹר, טְהוֹרִים. בִּרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד דִּסְפֵקוֹ טָמֵא, טְמֵאִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ברשות הרבים טהורים ברשות היחיד טמאים – We don’t have here other than a manner of doubt, lest a heathen or a commoner/who is not careful in his observance of the laws of Levitical purity or tithing touched them. Therefore, in the public domain, where there is a matter of doubt of it being ritually pure, it is ritually pure, whereas in the private domain, where there is a matter of doubt of it being ritually impure, they are ritually impure.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:3:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:3:3)

**מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֻנַּח בִּרְשׁוּת עַם הָאָרֶץ.** וְכָל מַה שֶּׁבְּבֵית עַם הָאָרֶץ הָוֵי טְמֵא מֵת וְצָרִיךְ הַזָּאָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
מפני שהונח ברשות עם הארץ – and everything that is in the house of common is considered having corpse defilement and requires sprinkling [on the third and seventh days – see Numbers 19:19].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:4:1)

**מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהָיוּ גַנָּבִים.** כְּלוֹמַר, כֵּיוָן דְּהִנִּיחוֹ נָעוּל וּמְצָאוֹ פָּתוּחַ, וַדַּאי גַּנָּבִים הָיוּ שָׁם וּפְתָחוּהוּ, וְהַאי דְּלֹא מְטַמְּאִינַן לֵיהּ, דְּאֵמוּר נִמְלְכוּ וְהָלְכוּ לָהֶן וְלֹא נָגְעוּ בְּכָל מַה שֶּׁבַּבַּיִת. וַהֲלָכָה כַּחֲכָמִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
מפני שהיו גנבים – meaning to say, since they left it locked and found it open, certainly thieves were there and opened it, and that we don’t defile him, for it is stated that they changed their mind and went away and didn’t touch anything that was in the house. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:5:1)

**שֶׁנִּכְנְסָה שֶׁלֹּא בִרְשׁוּת.** וּמִרְתְּתָא שֶׁלֹּא תִּתָּפֵס כְּגַנָּב וּמְמַהֶרֶת לָצֵאת, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלְּצֹרֶךְ בְּנוֹ אוֹ בְּהֶמְתּוֹ שֶׁל בַּעַל הַבַּיִת נִכְנְסָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
שנכנסה שלא ברשות – out of trembling that she will not be caught like a thief and she runs to leave, and even though she entered for the need of his (i.e., the Haver/the member of the order for the observance of Levitical laws in daily intercourse) son or the beast of the owner of the house.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:6:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:6:1)

**כֹּל הַמְיֻחָד לְמַאֲכַל אָדָם.** כְּגוֹן סְתָם אֳכָלִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
כל המיוחד למאכל אדם – as, for example, mere/undefined foods.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:6:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:6:2)

**טָמֵא.** טֻמְאַת אֳכָלִין עַד שֶׁיִּפָּסֵל מֵאֲכִילַת הַכֶּלֶב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
טמא – the ritual impurity of foods [is impure] until it becomes invalid/unfit from being the food for a dog.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:6:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:6:3)

**עַד שֶׁיְּיַחֲדֶנּוּ לָאָדָם.** דְּיֵשׁ חִלּוּק בֵּין אַפּוֹקֵי טֻמְאָה מִנֵּיהּ, לַאֲתוֹיֵי לֵיהּ טֻמְאָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
עד שייחדנו לאדם – that there is a separation between removing defilement from it and bringing defilement to it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:6:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:6:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:6:4)

**גּוֹזָל שֶׁנָּפַל לְגַת.** כְּשֶׁלֹּא נָפַל לַגַּת לֹא פְּלִיגֵי רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן נוּרִי וְרַבָּנָן, דְּנִבְלַת עוֹף טָהוֹר בַּכְּרַכִּים לֹא בַּעְיָא מַחֲשָׁבָה לְשַׁוּוֹיַהּ אֹכֶל, מִשּׁוּם דְּאִיכָּא רֹב עַם הַבָּאִים לַשּׁוּק וְאָכְלֵי נִבְלַת עוֹף טָהוֹר. וּבַכְּפָרִים דְּלֵיכָּא רֹב עַם בָּעֵי מַחֲשָׁבָה, כִּדְפָרֵישְׁנָא בְּרֵישׁ פֶּרֶק קַמָּא. כִּי פְלִיגֵי כְּשֶׁנָּפַל לַגַּת וּמֵת בַּכְּרַכִּים, רַבָּנָן סָבְרֵי אַף עַל גַּב דְּבַכְּרַכִּים לֹא בָּעֵי מַחֲשָׁבָה, הֵיכָא דְּנָפַל לַגַּת מְאָסַתּוּ גִּתּוֹ וְאֵינוֹ רָאוּי וּבָעֵי מַחֲשָׁבָה. וְרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן נוּרִי סָבַר לֹא מְאָסַתּוּ גִּתּוֹ וַהֲרֵי הוּא כִּשְׁאָר נִבְלַת עוֹף טָהוֹר דְּלֹא בַּעְיָא מַחֲשָׁבָה בַּכְּרַכִּים. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן נוּרִי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
גוזל שנפל לגת – when it didn’t fall into the vat, thee is no dispute [between] Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri and the Rabbis. For the carrion of a ritually pure bird in the cities that doesn’t require intention to declare it food, because there a lot of people with those who come to the marketplace and consume the carrion of a pure bird. But in the villages where there isn’t a lot of people, it requires intention, as is explained in chapter 1 (see Mishnah 1). Where they disagree is where it (i.e., the bird) fell into the vat and died in the cities, the Rabbis hold that even though that in the cities it doesn’t require intention/giving thought to it, where it fell into the vat, his vat made it detestable and it is not appropriate/fit and requires intention/giving thought to it, whereas Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri holds that his vat did not make it rejected, and it is like the rest of the carrion of ritually pure birds that don’t require intention/giving thought to it in the cities. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:6:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:6:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:6:5)

**חִשַּׁב עָלָיו חֵרֵשׁ שׁוֹטֶה וְקָטָן.** לְהַאֲכִילוֹ לְנָכְרִי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
חישב עליו חרש שוטה וקטן – to feed it to Canaanites.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:7:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:7:1)

**אֲחוֹרֵי כֵלִים שֶׁנִּטְמְאוּ בְמַשְׁקִים.** הַאי דְּנָקַט אֲחוֹרֵי כֵּלִים, מִשּׁוּם דְּקִילּוּ, שֶׁכְּלִי שֶׁנִּטְמְאוּ אֲחוֹרָיו בְּמַשְׁקִין טְמֵאִין, אֲחוֹרָיו טְמֵאִין, תּוֹכוֹ אָזְנָיו אֳגָנָיו וְיָדָיו טְהוֹרִין, מִשּׁוּם דְּטֻמְאַת מַשְׁקִים לְטַמֵּא כֵּלִים מִדְּרַבָּנָן הֵקֵלּוּ בָהּ. אֲבָל אִם נִטְמָא תּוֹכוֹ בְּמַשְׁקִין טְמֵאִין, נִטְמָא כֻּלּוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אחורי כלים שנטמאו במשקין – that [the Mishnah] took/used the term, "אחורי כלים"/the outer sides of utensils, is because they were lenient, for a vessel whose outer part was ritually defiled with ritually impure liquids, its outer sides are ritually impure, but its inside – its handles, its rims/borders and its hands are ritually pure because the ritually impurity of liquids to defile vessels is from the Rabbis, they were lenient concerning it. But if its inside was defiled by impure liquids, all of it is defiled.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:7:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:7:2)

**מְטַמְּאִים אֶת הַמַּשְׁקִין.** אֲפִלּוּ דְּחֻלִּין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
מטמאים את המשקין – even that which is non-consecrated [liquids].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:7:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:7:3)

**וְאֵין פּוֹסְלִין אֶת הָאֳכָלִין.** וַאֲפִלּוּ דִּתְרוּמָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ואין פוסלין את התרומה – and even that of heave-offering.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:7:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:7:4)

**רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אוֹמֵר מְטַמְּאִין אֶת הַמַּשְׁקִין וּפוֹסְלִין אֶת הָאֳכָלִים.** רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ יָלֵיף (בנדה דף ז:) דַּאֲחוֹרֵי כֵּלִים פּוֹסְלִים אֳכָלֵי תְּרוּמָה קַל וָחֹמֶר מִטְּבוּל יוֹם, מַה טְּבוּל יוֹם שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְטַמֵּא אֶת הַמַּשְׁקִין, דְּלֹא גָּזְרוּ רַבָּנָן עַל טְבוּל יוֹם שֶׁיְּהֵא מְטַמֵּא אֶת הַמַּשְׁקִין, אֲפִלּוּ הָכִי פּוֹסֵל אֳכָלִים שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה, דִּכְתִיב (ויקרא כב) וּבָא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ וְטָהֵר וְאַחַר יֹאכַל מִן הַקֳּדָשִׁים, אֵינוֹ טָהוֹר לֶאֱכֹל בַּתְּרוּמָה עַד שֶׁיַּעֲרִיב שִׁמְשׁוֹ, דִּקְרָא בִּתְרוּמָה מִשְׁתַּעֵי. אֲחוֹרֵי כֵּלִים שֶׁמְּטַמְּאִין אֶת הַמַּשְׁקִין, אֵינוֹ דִּין שֶׁיְּהוּ פּוֹסְלִין אֶת הַתְּרוּמָה. וְרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר דְּלֹא חָיֵשׁ לְהַאי קַל וָחֹמֶר, מִשּׁוּם דַּאֲחוֹרֵי כֵּלִים שֶׁנִּטְמְאוּ בְּמַשְׁקִין דְּרַבָּנָן, וּטְבוּל יוֹם דְּאוֹרַיְתָא, וּדְרַבָּנָן מִדְּאוֹרַיְתָא אֵין דָּנִין קַל וָחֹמֶר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ר' יהושע אומר מטמאין את המשקין ופוסלין את האוכלים – Rabbi Yehoshua derives (in Tractate Niddah 7b) that the outer sides of utensils defile foods of heave-offering through an a fortiori/Kal VaHomer from the law of a person who immersed himself that day/טבול יום. Just as a person who immersed himself that day does not defile liquids and the Sages did not decree on a person who immersed himself that day that he defiles the liquids, nevertheless, he defiles the foods of heave-offering, as it is written (Leviticus 22:7): “As soon as the sun sets, he shall be pure; and afterward he may eat of the sacred donations, [for they are his food],” for he is not ritually pure to eat heave-offering until his sun has set, for the Biblical verse is speaking about heave-offering/Terumah. The outer sides of vessels that defile the liquids, does it not follow that they would invalidate the heave-offering? But Rabbi Eliezer did not concern himself with this a fortiori/Kal VaHomer, because the outer sides of utensils that are defiled by liquids is according to the Rabbis, and the person who immersed himself that day/טבול יום is from the Torah, and that which is Rabbinic, we don’t make an a fortiori [argument] on something from the Torah.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:7:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:7:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:7:5)

**שִׁמְעוֹן אֲחִי עֲזַרְיָה.** לְפִי שֶׁעֲזַרְיָה עָסַק בִּפְרַקְמַטְיָא וְהָיָה מְסַפֵּק מָזוֹן לְשִׁמְעוֹן אָחִיו שֶׁיַּעֲסֹק בַּתּוֹרָה, לְפִיכָךְ נִקְרָא עַל שֵׁם עֲזַרְיָה אָחִיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
שמעון אחי עזריה – because Azariah dealt with practical maters and he would supply food to his brother Shimon who engaged in Torah study, therefore he is called by the name of Azariah, his brother.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:7:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:7:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:7:6)

**לֹא כָךְ וְלֹא כָךְ.** לֹא מְטַמְּאִין מַשְׁקֵה חֻלִּין וְלֹא פּוֹסְלִין אֳכָלֵי תְּרוּמָה, אֲבָל מְטַמְּאִין מַשְׁקֵה תְּרוּמָה, וְאוֹתָן מַשְׁקִין שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה מְטַמְּאִין אֶחָד בְּאֳכָלֵי תְּרוּמָה שֶׁנַּעֲשׂוּ שְׁנִיִּים, וְאוֹתָן אֳכָלִים פּוֹסְלִים אֳכָלִים אֲחֵרִים שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה. וְהַיְנוּ דְּקָאָמְרֵי הָאֳכָלִים שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה לְמַשְׁקִין שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה, מְטַמְּאֶיךָ לֹא טִמְּאוּנִי, כְּלוֹמַר אֲחוֹרֵי כְּלִי הַמְּטַמְּאֶךָ לֹא טִמְּאוּנִי, דְּלֹא פָּסְלֵי אֳכָלֵי תְּרוּמָה, וְאַתָּה טִמֵּאתָנִי. וַהֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
לא כך ולא כך – we do not defile unconsecrated liquids nor do we invalidate/make unit food of heave-offering, but we do defile liquid have-offering, and those liquids of heave-offering, we defile at first degree of ritual impurity with foods of heave-offering that became second-degree of ritual impurity, and those foods invalidate/make unit other foods of heave-offering. And this is that we state that foods of heave-offering to liquids of heave-offering, “things that defile you do not defile me,” meaning to say, “the outer sides of a vessel that defiled you do not defile me, for they do not invalidate foods of heave offering, bur you defile me.” But the Halakha is according to Rabbi Eliezer.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:8:1)

**שֶׁהִיא קְטַפְרֵס.** שֶׁצִּדָּהּ אֶחָד נָמוּךְ כְּעֵין מִדְרוֹן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
שהיא קטפרס ([a kneading trough] that lay on an incline/sloping downward) – that one side is low, similar to a slope.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:8:2)

**וּמַשְׁקֶה טוֹפֵחַ מִלְּמַטָּן.** בַּצַּד הַנָּמוּךְ, וְהַיְנוּ בָּצֵק שֶׁבְּלִילָתָהּ רַכָּה וּמַשְׁקֶה שֶׁלָּהּ טוֹפֵחַ, אֲבָל מִלְּמַעְלָה בְּלִילָתָהּ עָבָה וְאֵין מַשְׁקֶה טוֹפֵחַ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
משקה טופח מלמטן (running liquid is from below) – on the low side, that is the [unclean] dough that its mixture is soft and its liquid drips, but from above, its mixture is thick and its liquid doesn’t drip.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:8:3)

**שָׁלֹשׁ חֲתִיכוֹת.** בֵּין שְׁלָשְׁתָּן כַּבֵּיצָה, אַחַת טוֹפֵחַ וּשְׁתַּיִם אֵינָן טוֹפֵחַ, סְדוּרוֹת זוֹ אֵצֶל זוֹ, וְהַטּוֹפַחַת מִלְּמַטָּה, וְהַשְׁתָּא הָאֶמְצָעִית נוֹגַעַת בַּטּוֹפַחַת, וְהָעֶלְיוֹנָה נוֹגַעַת בָּאֶמְצָעִית:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
שלש חתיכות – between the three [pieces of dough] is like an egg’s bulk, one dripping and two that do not drip, they are arranged one next to the other, and the one that drips is below, and now the middle one touches the dripping one and the upper one touches the middle one.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:8:4)

**אֵינָן מִצְטָרְפוֹת.** לְכַבֵּיצָה לְטַמֵּא הַמַּשְׁקֶה טוֹפֵחַ שֶׁלְּמַטָּה וְיַחֲזֹר הַמַּשְׁקֶה וִיטַמֵּא אֶת הָעֲרֵבָה, דִּנְגִיעָה אֵינָהּ מְחַבֶּרֶת אֶת הַבָּצֵק, אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן נוֹשְׁכוֹת כְּדִתְנַן בְּפֶרֶק קַמָּא (משנה ז) מִקְרָצוֹת נוֹשְׁכוֹת זוֹ אֶת זוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אינן מצטרפות – to be an egg’s bulk to defile the liquid that is flowing from below and the liquid returns and defiles the kneading trough, for contact does not connect the dough unless they stick together as is taught in the Mishnah in the First Chapter [of Tractate Taharot] (Mishnah 7)"מקרצות נושכות זו את זו" /pieces of dough – separated from the main dough in the trough - stick to each other.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:8:5)

**שְׁתַּיִם מִצְטָרְפוֹת.** אִם לֹא הָיוּ אֶלָּא שְׁתֵּי חֲתִיכוֹת בָּצֵק, הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה שֶׁיֵּשׁ בָּהּ מַשְׁקֶה טוֹפֵחַ וְשֶׁלְּמַעְלָה הֵימֶנָּה הַנּוֹגַעַת בָּהּ, וּבֵין שְׁתֵּיהֶן כַּבֵּיצָה, מִצְטָרְפוֹת לְטַמֵּא הַמַּשְׁקֶה וְיַחֲזֹר וִיטַמֵּא אֶת הָעֲרֵבָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
שתים מצטרפות – if there weren’t other than two pieces of dough, the bottom one that has liquid flowing and the one that is above it that touches it, and if there is between of them an egg’s bulk, they combine to defile the liquid and return and defile the kneading trough.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:8:6)

**אֲפִלּוּ שְׁתַּיִם אֵין מִצְטָרְפִין אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן הָיוּ רוֹצְצוֹת מַשְׁקֶה.** לְעוֹלָם אֵין מַשְׁקֶה מְחַבֵּר עַד שֶׁיִּהְיֶה מַשְׁקֶה דּוֹחֵק וְעוֹמֵד בֵּין שְׁתֵּי הַחֲתִיכוֹת. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אפילו שתים אין מצטרפין אא"כ היו רוצצות משקה – always the liquid does not connect until the liquid will be pressing and standing between the two pieces [of dough]. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Meir.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:8:7)

**וְאִם הָיָה מַשְׁקֶה עוֹמֵד.** כְּלוֹמַר אִם לֹא הָיָה קְטַפְרֵס אֶלָּא אֶשְׁבֹּרֶן, וְהַמַּשְׁקֶה עוֹמֵד בֵּין חֲתִיכוֹת הַבָּצֵק, אֲפִלּוּ כָּל שִׁעוּר הַבֵּיצָה שֶׁבַּבָּצֵק פֵּרוּרִים דַּקִּין כְּעֵין הַחַרְדָּל מְפֹרָדִים זֶה מִזֶּה, הַמַּשְׁקֶה שֶׁעוֹמֵד מְחַבְּרָן וּמִצְטָרְפִין לְכַבֵּיצָה, וּמְטַמְּאִין הַמַּשְׁקֶה וְחוֹזֵר הַמַּשְׁקֶה וּמְטַמֵּא אֶת הָעֲרֵבָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ואם היה משקה עומד (and if it was standing liquid) – meaning to say, there wasn’t a sloping/inkling, but rather a cavity for the reception of water/a pond, and the liquid stands between the pieces of dough, even all the measure of an the egg’s bulk that is in the dough are thin crumbs similar to the mustard seed that are separated one from the other, the standing liquid attaches them and combines them to be an egg’s bulk, and defiles the liquid and the liquid returns and defiles the kneading trough.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:8:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:8:8)

**אֹכֶל פָּרוּר.** אֹכֶל שֶׁהוּא חָלוּק לְפֵרוּרִים פֵּרוּרִים דַּקִּין אֵינוֹ מִצְטָרֵף, דְּאֵין הַמַּשְׁקֶה מְחַבְּרָן. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי דּוֹסָא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אוכל פרור – food that is divided into thin crumbs does not combine, for the liquid does not attach them. And the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Dosa.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:9:1)

**כֵּיוָן שֶׁהִשִּׁיקָהּ לַמִּקְוֶה.** כֵּיוָן שֶׁחִבֵּר קָצֶה אֶחָד מִן הַמַּקֵּל בַּמִּקְוֶה, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא הִטְבִּילוֹ כֻּלּוֹ, טָהֲרוּ כָּל הַמַּשְׁקִין טְמֵאִין שֶׁבְּרֹאשׁוֹ הָאַחֵר, דִּקְטַפְרֵס חִבּוּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
כיון שהשיקה למקוה – since the end of one of the sticks was attached in the Mikveh, even though he didn’t immerse all of it, he purified all the impure liquids that are on the other head, for the incline/sloping is an attachment.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:9:2)

**עַד שֶׁיַּטְבִּיל אֶת כֻּלָּהּ.** דְּקָסָבְרֵי רַבָּנָן קְטַפְרֵס אֵינוֹ חִבּוּר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
עד שיטביל את כולה – for the Rabbis hold that an incline/sloping is not an attachment/connection.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:9:3)

**הַנִּצּוֹק.** קִלּוּחַ צִנּוֹר הַבָּא מִלְּמַעְלָה לְמַטָּה בִּזְקִיפָה כְּעַמּוּד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
הניצוק (an uninterrupted flow of a liquid – poured from vessel to vessel) – the continuous flow/jet of a water pipe/spout that comes from above to below with erection like a pillar.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:9:4)

**קְטַפְרֵס.** מַיִם הַבָּאִים מִלְּמַעְלָה לְמַטָּה דֶּרֶךְ מִדְרוֹן שֶׁל תֵּל גָּבוֹהַּ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
קטפרס – water from above to below through the sloping of a high hill.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:9:5)

**וּמַשְׁקֶה טוֹפֵחַ.** וְאֵין בּוֹ טוֹפֵחַ עַל מְנָת לְהַטְפִּיחַ, שֶׁאֵין בּוֹ כָּל כָּךְ מַשְׁקֶה שֶׁאִם טָפַח בָּהֶן יָדוֹ עָלָה בָּהּ מַשְׁקֶה שֶׁיּוּכַל לְהַטְפִּיחַ דָּבָר אַחֵר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ומשקה טופח – it doesn’t have moistness to moisten other objects, for it doesn’t have in it so much liquid for if he struck his hand in them, liquid would come up that would be able to moisten something else.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:9:6)

**אֵינוֹ חִבּוּר לֹא לַטֻּמְאָה.** שֶׁאִם מַשְׁקִים תְּלוּשִׁין הֵן וְנָגַע טָמֵא בַּתַּחְתּוֹן, הָעֶלְיוֹן טָהוֹר. וְכֵן לְעִנְיַן מַשְׁקֶה טוֹפֵחַ, וַאֲפִלּוּ בְּמָקוֹם חָלָק, אִם מַשְׁקִין מִכָּאן וּמַשְׁקִין מִכָּאן וּמַשְׁקֶה טוֹפֵחַ בְּאֶמְצַע, נָגַע טָמֵא בְּמַשְׁקֶה טוֹפֵחַ, מַשְׁקִין שֶׁמִּכָּאן וּמִכָּאן טְהוֹרִים אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁמְּחֻבָּרִים לוֹ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אינו חיבור לא לטומאה - for if the liquids are detached and an impure thing came in contact with the bottom part, the top part is ritually pure. And similarly for flowing liquid, and even in a smooth place, if there are liquids from here and liquids from there and liquid flowing in the middle, if an impure person touched with flowing liquids, the liquids from here and from there are ritually pure, even though they are attached/connected to it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:9:7)

**וְלֹא לַטָּהֳרָה.** כְּגוֹן גֻּמָּא שֶׁאֵין בָּהּ אַרְבָּעִים סְאָה, וְנִצּוֹק אוֹ מַשְׁקֶה טוֹפֵחַ מְחֻבָּר לְגֻמָּא זוֹ וּלְמִקְוֶה כָּשֵׁר, אֵינוֹ חִבּוּר, וְהַטּוֹבֵל בְּגֻמָּא זוֹ לֹא עָלְתָה לוֹ טְבִילָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
ולא לטהרה – as for example, a hole that doesn’t have forty Seah and an uninterrupted flow of a liquid or flowing liquid that is attached to this hole/indentation or to a Kosher ritual bath/Mikveh, it is not a connection, for a person who immerses in this hole/indentation, his immersion did not count for him.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:9:8)

**אֶשְׁבֹּרֶן.** מָקוֹם עָמֹק שֶׁנִּקְווּ בּוֹ מַיִם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
אשבורן – a deep place where water is gathered.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot 8:9:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Tahorot/r/8:9:9)

**חִבּוּר לַטֻּמְאָה וְלַטָּהֳרָה.** וְאִם נִטְמְאוּ קְצָתָן נִטְמְאוּ כֻּלָּן. וְכֵן אִם נִתְחַבְּרוּ קְצָת מֵהֶן לַמִּקְוֶה וְטָהֲרוּ, טָהֲרוּ כֻּלָּן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2022:**
חיבור לטומאה ולטהרה – for if part of them were defiled, all of them were defiled, and similarly, if part of them were attached to a Mikveh/ritual bath and they were purified, all of them were purified.