## Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim Chapter 4

###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:1:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:1:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:1:1)

**רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אוֹמֵר כִּפָּה שֶׁבְּרֹאשָׁהּ.** לִרְבוּתָא נְקָטָהּ, דַּאֲפִלּוּ צָעִיף שֶׁבְּרֹאשׁ הַטְּהוֹרָה נֶחְשָׁב כְּאִלּוּ יָשְׁבָה עָלָיו הַנִּדָּה, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינָהּ יוֹשֶׁבֶת עָלָיו. וּפָלֵיג אַסְּתָם מַתְנִיתִין דְּפִרְקִין דִּלְעֵיל דְּלֹא מְטַמֵּא אֶלָּא בִגְדֵיהֶן וְלֹא כִפָּה שֶׁבְּרֹאשָׁן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ר' יהושע אומר. כפיה שבראשה – it was taken for something remarkable, for even a veil that is on the head of a ritually pure woman is considered as if the menstruating woman sat upon it, even though she doesn’t sit upon it. And he (i.e., Rabbi Yehoshua) disputes with the anonymous Mishnah in the chapter above (Chapter 3, Mishnah 1; see also Chapter 2, Mishnah 7) which does not defile other than their clothing but not the cap that is on the women’s heads.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:1:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:1:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:1:2)

**כֵּלִים שֶׁבְּרֹאשׁ הַנֵּס.** הָא נַמִּי לִרְבוּתָא נָקַט, דְּאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהֵם בַּגֹּבַהּ בְּרֹאשׁ הַנֵּס שֶׁלֹּא בִמְקוֹם דְּרִיסָה, אֲפִלּוּ הָכִי טְמֵאִים מִדְרָס. וּבִסְפִינָה קְטַנָּה וּבְמִטָּה מַחְגֶּרֶת אַיְרֵי, כְּהַהִיא דְרֵישׁ פִּרְקִין דִּלְעֵיל, אֶלָּא דְּתַנָּא דִלְעֵיל לֹא מְטַמֵּא כֵלִים שֶׁבְּרֹאשׁ הַנֵּס. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כלים שבראש הנס – this is also taken for something remarkable, for even though they are at the height of the top of the mast/flag that is not at the place of treading, nevertheless, they are impure through treading. But we are speaking about a small boat and a vacillating bed, when it is expounding upon the chapter that is above (Chapter 3, Mishnah 1), but rather that which is taught above does not defile vessels that are at the top of the mast. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehoshua.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:1:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:1:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:1:3)

**בִּזְמַן שֶׁמַּשָּׂאָן כָּבֵד טְמֵאִים מִדְרָס.** וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא נָגְעָה בַבְּגָדִים, דְּחַשְׁבִינָא לַהּ כְּאִלּוּ נִשְׁעֶנֶת עַל הַבְּגָדִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
בזמן שמשאן כבד טמאין מדרס – and even though they do not come in contact with the clothing, for it is considered as if it is leading on the clothing.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:1:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:1:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:1:4)

**כְּסוֹסְטְרָא.** כְּמוֹ גְּזוּזְטְרָא, כְּמִין נֶסֶר הַבּוֹלֵט מִכֹּתֶל הָעֲלִיָּה לַחוּץ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כסוסטרא -it is like a גזוזטרא/balcony, enclosure, like the planed board that protrudes outwards from the upper wall.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:1:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:1:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:1:5)

**וְנָפַל כִּכָּר שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה.** שֶׁעַל הַכְּסוֹסְטְרָא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ונפל ככר של תרומה – [the loaf of priest’s due] that is upon the balcony/enclosure.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:1:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:1:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:1:6)

**טָהוֹר.** הַכִּכָּר. וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁנָּפַל מֵחֲמַת הֶקֵּשׁ שֶׁל זָב, לָא חֲשִׁיב לֵיהּ כְּהֶסֵּט, מִשּׁוּם דְּכֹחָהּ שֶׁל כְּסוֹסְטְרָא יָפֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
טהור – the loaf [is ritually pure] that fell on account of the knocking against of the person with gonorrhea is not considered to him as shaking/movement, because the strength of the balcony endures.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:2:1)

**מָרִישׁ.** קוֹרָה גְדוֹלָה שֶׁבּוֹנִים בַּבִּירָה וְרָאשֵׁי קוֹרוֹת הַגַּג כֻּלָּן סְמוּכוֹת עָלֶיהָ, וְהִיא מֻנַּחַת עַל גַּבֵּי עַמּוּדִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מריש – a large beam that they build in the group of buildings forming one residence and the tops of the beams of the roof all of which are dependent upon it, and it is placed on top of the pillars (see also the Bartenura commentary of Tractate Gittin, Chapter 5, Mishnah 5 that defines מריש as a beam and בירה as a large house).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:2:2)

**מַלְבֵּן.** כְּמִין רִבּוּעַ שֶׁל קוֹרוֹת קְבוּעוֹת בָּאָרֶץ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מלבן (frame) – like a kind of square of beams affixed in the ground.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:2:3)

**צִנּוֹר.** מַרְזֵב שֶׁל מַיִם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
צנור – water pipe/spout, duct


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:2:4)

**אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהוּא עָשׂוּי בַּחֲבָלִים.** שֶׁאֵינוֹ קָבוּעַ בָּאָרֶץ אֶלָּא קָשׁוּר בַּחֲבָלִים וְאֵין כֹּחוֹ יָפֶה כָּל כָּךְ:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אע"פ שהוא עשוי בחבלים – which is not affixed in the ground, but tied with ropes, but it is not so strong.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:2:5)

**וְעַל הַיָּם.** הֶקֵּף שֶׁל עֵץ שֶׁהַקֶּמַח מִתְקַבֵּץ בּוֹ בִּשְׁעַת הַטְּחִינָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ועל הים (flour mill’s container) – a circumference/surface of wood that the flour is gathered in it at the time of grinding.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:2:6)

**אִצְטְרֻבָּל.** עִגּוּל שֶׁל עֵץ שֶׁמַּעֲמִידִין הָרֵחַיִם עָלָיו. וּשְׁנֵיהֶן קְבוּעִים הֵן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אצטרובל (lower millstone – which is immovable – included in the sale of a home) – a round mold of wood that they place the millstone upon it. And both are fixed.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:2:7)

**חֲמוֹר שֶׁל רֵחַיִם שֶׁל יָד.** בִּנְיָן שֶׁל עֵצִים שֶׁהָרֵחַיִם שֶׁל יָד קְבוּעִים בָּהֶן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
חמור של רחים של יד (jack of a hand mill) – a wood building that the hand millstone is affixed in them.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:2:8)

**וּסְאָה שֶׁל רֵחַיִם.** מִדָּה גְדוֹלָה וּקְבוּעָה בַקַּרְקַע:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וסאה של ריחים (an olive grinder’s Seah measure) – a large measure and it is affixed in the ground.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:2:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:2:9)

**קוֹרַת הַבַּלָּנִין.** קוֹרָה שֶׁבַּעַל הַמֶּרְחָץ יוֹשֵׁב עָלֶיהָ. וְכָל הָנֵי אִם הִקִּישׁ עֲלֵיהֶן הַזָּב וְנָפַל הַכִּכָּר שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה מִכֹּחַ הַהֶקֵּשׁ, טָהוֹר, דְּכֹחָן יָפֶה וְלָא חֲשִׁיב הֶסֵּט. וּבְקוֹרַת הַבַּלָּנִים נֶחְלְקוּ. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
וקורות הבלנין (beams whereon the bathing masters are stationed) – a beam that the master of the bathhouse sits upon. And all of these, if the person with gonorrhea/the Zav knocked against and the loaf of priest’s due/Terumah fell in from the strength/power of the knocking, it is ritually pure, for they are very strong and it is not considered shaking/moving. But regarding the beams whereon the bathing masters are stationed, they disagreed. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yossi.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:3:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:3:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:3:1)

**הַנֶּגֶר.** יָתֵד הַנָּעוּץ אֲחוֹרֵי הַדֶּלֶת בַּנֶּקֶב שֶׁבָּאַסְקֻפָּה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הנגר (door-bolt) – a peg that is wedged in behind the door in the incision that is in the lintel/lower door-sill.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:3:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:3:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:3:2)

**מַנְעוּל.** שֶׁסּוֹגְרִים בּוֹ הַפֶּתַח:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מנעול – that they close the door with it (i.e., a lock).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:3:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:3:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:3:3)

**מָשׁוֹט.** שֶׁמַּנְהִיגִין בּוֹ אֶת הַסְּפִינָה. וּלְשׁוֹן מִקְרָא הוּא, כָּל תּוֹפְשֵׂי מָשׁוֹט, בִּיחֶזְקֵאל [כז]:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
משוט (oar) – that they direct/steer the ship. And it is a Scriptural language (Ezekiel 27:29): “all the pilots of the sea [shall come down from their ships and stand on the ground].”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:3:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:3:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:3:4)

**קֶלֶת.** עִגּוּל שֶׁל עֵץ שֶׁסָּבִיב לָרֵחַיִם הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה לְקַבֵּל הַקֶּמַח הַנִּטְחָן שֶׁלֹּא יִפֹּל לָאָרֶץ, וּמִטַּלְטֵל הוּא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
קלת (the framework under the millstone to receive the flour-dust) – a wooden round mould that surrounds the lower millstone to receive the flour that is ground that it should not fall to the ground, and it is movable.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:3:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:3:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:3:5)

**וְעַל סוֹכָה שֶׁכֹּחָהּ רַע.** וְעוֹמֶדֶת בְּאִילָן שֶׁכֹּחוֹ יָפֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ועל סוכה שכוחה רע – and it stands in a tree which is very strong.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:3:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:3:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:3:6)

**טְמֵאִין.** דְּכָל הָנֵי אֵין כֹּחָן יָפֶה, וְכֹחַ הֶקֵּשׁ הַזָּב בְּהוּ חֲשִׁיב הֶסֵּט:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
טמאין – for all of these are not very strong, and the power/strength of the knocking of the person with gonorrhea/the Zav is considered shaking/movement.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:3:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:3:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:3:7)

**מְטַהֲרִים בָּאֵלּוּ.** אַשִּׁדָּה תֵּבָה וּמִגְדָּל קָאֵי. לְהָכִי תְנִינְהוּ תַנָּא קַמָּא לְחוֹדַיְהוּ. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי נְחֶמְיָה וְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מטהרין באלו – it is referring to the chest, ark and turret. For this reason, the first Tanna/teaches teaches them separately. But the Halakha is not according to either Rabbi Nehemiah or Rabbi Shimon.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:4:1)

**פֻּנְדִּיּוֹת.** כְּעֵין כִּיסִין אֲרֻכִּין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
פונדיות (money-bags)- like long pouches/bags, receptacles.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:4:2)

**לְאָרְכָּן.** שֶׁשּׁוֹכֵב לְאָרְכָּן שֶׁל סַפְסָלִים אוֹ שֶׁל פֻּנְדִּיּוֹת:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לארכן – that he lies on the length of the benches or the pouches/bags.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:4:3)

**טְמֵאִים.** שֶׁכָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד נִשְׁעָן רֻבּוֹ שֶׁל זָב עֲלֵיהֶן, פְּעָמִים עַל זֶה פְּעָמִים עַל זֶה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
טמאים – for on each one, the person with gonorrhea/the Zav leans upon them, sometimes on this one and sometimes on that one.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:4:4)

**לְרָחְבָּן.** שֶׁשּׁוֹכֵב אָרְכּוֹ לְרָחְבָּן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
לרחבן – that he lies his length on their width.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:4:5)

**טְהוֹרִים.** דְּאֵין רֻבּוֹ נִשְׁעָן עַל אֶחָד מֵהֶן, וְאֵין [טָמֵא] מִשְׁכָּב וּמוֹשָׁב לְעוֹלָם, עַד שֶׁיִּשָּׁעֵן רֻבּוֹ עָלָיו, דִּכְתִיב אִם עַל הַמִּשְׁכָּב הוּא, עַד שֶׁיִּנָּשֵׂא רֻבּוֹ עָלָיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
טהורים – because the majority of his [body] does not lean upon one of them. And there is no lying or sitting ever until he leans most of his [body] upon it, as it is written (Leviticus 15:23): “Be it the bedding [or be it the object on which she has sat, on touching it he shall be unclean until evening], until his majority will be carried upon it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:4:6)

**יָשֵׁן.** לְרָחְבָּן, וְסָפֵק אִם נִתְהַפֵּךְ לְאָרְכָּן, טְמֵאִין:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ישן – widthwise, and there is doubt if he turned himself around/rolled over to lengthwise, they are ritually impure.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:4:7)

**כִּסְיוֹת.** לְשׁוֹן רַבִּים שֶׁל כִּסֵּא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כסיות – the plural language for “chair.”


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:4:8)

**שֶׁתַּחַת הַגּוּף.** לְפִי שֶׁרֻבּוֹ נִשָּׂא עָלָיו. וְהָאֲחֵרִים טְמֵאִים מַגַּע הַזָּב. אֲבָל אֵין לָהֶם תּוֹרַת מִשְׁכָּב וּמוֹשָׁב לִהְיוֹת אַב הַטֻּמְאָה לְטַמֵּא אָדָם וְכֵלִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שתחת הגוף – because the majority [of his body] is carried/borne upon him. But the others are ritually impure by contact of the person with gonorrhea. But they don’t have the law of lying and sitting to become a primary source of ritual impurity to defile people and vessels.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:4:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:4:9)

**אִם רְחוֹקִים זֶה מִזֶּה טְהוֹרִים.** לְפִי שֶׁאֵין רֻבּוֹ נִשָּׂא לֹא עַל זֶה וְלֹא עַל זֶה. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
אם רחוקים זה מזה טהורים – because the majority [of his body] is not carried/borne either on this one or on that one. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:5:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:5:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:5:1)

**עֶשֶׂר טַלִּיּוֹת.** לְשׁוֹן רַבִּים שֶׁל טַלִּית. וְעֶשֶׂר לָאו דַּוְקָא, דַּאֲפִלּוּ אֶלֶף טַלִּיּוֹת וְאֶבֶן גְּדוֹלָה עַל גַּבָּן, וְיָשַׁב הַזָּב עַל הָאֶבֶן, כָּל הַטַּלִּיּוֹת שֶׁתַּחְתֶּיהָ מִטַּמְּאוֹת מוֹשָׁב, דְּמִשְׁכָּב וּמוֹשָׁב מִטַּמְּאִין תַּחַת אֶבֶן מְסָמָא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
עשר טליתות – it the plural usage of טלית/a cloak. But not specifically then, for even one-thousand cloaks and a large stone on top of them, and the person with gonorrhea/the Zav sat upon the stone, all of the cloaks that are underneath it are defiled through sitting, for lying and sitting become defiled underneath a stone used for closing a pit.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:5:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:5:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:5:2)

**כָּרַע הַזָּב טְהוֹרִים.** מִדִּין מִשְׁכָּב, אֲבָל טְמֵאִין בְּמַשָּׂא הַזָּב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כרע הזב טהורים – from the law concerning lying, but they are impure through the burden of the person with gonorrhea.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:5:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:5:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:5:3)

**בִּיחִידִי.** מִשְׁכָּב אֶחָד:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ביחידי – one bed [used for lying].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:5:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:5:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:5:4)

**טָמֵא.** שֶׁהֲרֵי רֹב הַזָּב נִשָּׂא עָלָיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
טמא – for the majority of the person with gonorrhea/the Zav is carried/borne upon it.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:5:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:5:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:5:5)

**וּבִמְרֻבִּים.** בְּמִשְׁכָּבוֹת רַבּוֹת בְּכַף מֹאזְנַיִם כְּנֶגֶד הַזָּב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ובמרובים – many beds on the scale opposite the person with gonorrhea.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:5:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:5:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:5:6)

**שֶׁאֵין אֶחָד מֵהֶן נוֹשֵׂא אֶת רֻבּוֹ.** דְּכִי כָּרְעוּ הֵן, אֵין רֻבּוֹ שֶׁל זָב נִשָּׂא עַל אֶחָד מֵהֶן, אֶלָּא כָּל אֶחָד מֵהַמִּשְׁכָּבוֹת נָשָׂא מִעוּטוֹ שֶׁל זָב:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שאין אחד מהם נושא את רובו – for since they (i.e., the beds) went down, the majority of the person with gonorrhea is not borne/carried on even one of them, but rather, each one of the beds bore/carried a majority of the Zav.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:6:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:6:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:6:1)

**טְמֵאִין.** בֵּין כָּרַע הַזָּב, בֵּין כָּרְעוּ אֳכָלִין וּמַשְׁקִין, נִטְמְאוּ טֻמְאַת הֶסֵּט:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
טמאין – whether the person with gonorrhea/the Zav went down/bowed or whether the foods and drinks went down, they were defiled through movement/shaking.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:6:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:6:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:6:2)

**וּבַמֵּת הַכֹּל טָהוֹר.** בֵּין מוֹשָׁב וּמִשְׁכָּב, בֵּין אֳכָלִים וּמַשְׁקִין, בֵּין כָּרַע הַמֵּת בֵּין כָּרְעוּ הֵם, דְּכָל טֻמְאוֹת הַמַּסִּיטוֹת טְהוֹרוֹת, חוּץ מֵהֶסֵּטוֹ שֶׁל זָב. וְאִם כָּרְעוּ הֵן, נַמִּי טְהוֹרִים, דְּכָל שֶׁהַמֵּת נִשָּׂא עָלָיו כְּגוֹן בְּכַף מֹאזְנַיִם לְבַד מֵאֹהֶל, טָהוֹר, חוּץ מִן הָאָדָם, דְּבִזְמַן שֶׁמַּכְרִיעַ אֶת הַמֵּת, טָמֵא מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִסִּיטוֹ, כִּדְאָמְרִינַן בְּפֶרֶק בַּתְרָא דְּנִדָּה (דף סט), אַטּוּ מֵת מִי לֹא נִטְמָא בְמַשָּׂא:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ובמת הכל טהור – whether sitting or lying, whether foods or liquids, whether the corpse went down [on the balancing scale] whether they (i.e., foods, liquids, sitting, lying) went down. For all of the defilements of movement are pure, except for the movement of a person with gonorrhea/a Zav (with a flux). But if they went down [on the balancing scale], they are also ritually pure, for all that the corpse is lifted up over him, as for example, on the balancing scale other than a tent, it is ritually pure (see also Tractate Zavim, Chapter 5, Mishnah 3)ssb, except for a human, for at the time that it outweighs the corpse, it is impure because it moved/shook it, as we state in the last chapter of [Tractate] Niddah (folio 69b) do you think that a corpse does not defile through carrying?


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:6:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:6:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:6:3)

**מַדָּף.** לְשׁוֹן טֻמְאָה קַלָּה, כְּדִכְתִיב (ויקרא כו) קוֹל עָלֶה נִדָּף. וְרַמְבַּ"ם פֵּרֵשׁ, מַדָּף מִלְּשׁוֹן רֵיחוֹ נוֹדֵף, שֶׁרֵיחַ טֻמְאַת הַזָּב הוֹלֶכֶת לְמֵרָחוֹק לְטַמֵּא כָל הַכֵּלִים שֶׁעַל גַּבָּיו אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא נָגַע בָּהֶם. אֲבָל לֹא כְטֻמְאַת הַכֵּלִים שֶׁתַּחְתָּיו, שֶׁכֵּלִים עַל גַּבֵּי הַזָּב, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיֵּשׁ דְּבָרִים חוֹצְצִים בֵּינָם לְבֵין הַזָּב, כֻּלָּם טְמֵאִים טֻמְאָה קַלָּה לְטַמֵּא אֳכָלִים וּמַשְׁקִין, אֲבָל לֹא לְטַמֵּא אָדָם וְכֵלִים. וְאִלּוּ כֵּלִים שֶׁתַּחְתָּיו אֲפִלּוּ הֵן מֵאָה זֶה עַל גַּב זֶה, הַתַּחְתּוֹן שֶׁבְּכֻלָּם טָמֵא טֻמְאָה חֲמוּרָה לְטַמֵּא אָדָם לְטַמֵּא בְגָדִים כְּמוֹ הָעֶלְיוֹן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מדף (indirect contact by shaking – the uncleanness of an object arising from an unclean person’s indirect contact) – it the language of minor uncleanness, as it is written (Leviticus 26:36): “The sound of a driven leaf [shall put them to flight].” But Maimonides explained that [the word] "מדף" is from the language of "ריחו נודף"/so that its fragrance spreads (see Tractate Menahot, Chapter 8, Mishnah 7), that the fragrances of the defilement of a Zav/person with gonorrhea/flux goes from afar to defile all the vessels that upon it even though it did not come in contact with them. But not like the defilement of the vessels that are underneath it, for the vessels that are on top of the person with gonorrhea/flux even though they are things that interpose between them and the person with gonorrhea/flux, all of them are unclean with a minor defilement to defile foods and drink, but not to defile humans and vessels, whereas vessels that are underneath him, even if they are one hundred one on top of the other, the lowest of all of them have a greater defilement to defile humans and to defile clothing like the upper one.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:6:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:6:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:6:4)

**מַה שֶּׁאֵין הַמֵּת מְטַמֵּא.** דְּמִתַּחְתָּיו אֲפִלּוּ תְהֵא טֻמְאָה בוֹקַעַת וְיוֹרֶדֶת, מִכָּל מָקוֹם אֵין מִשְׁכָּב וּמוֹשָׁב שֶׁתַּחְתָּיו מְטַמֵּא אָדָם לְטַמֵּא בְגָדִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
מה שאין המת מטמא – hat what is below it (i.e., the corpse), even if it will be Levitical impurity/defilement breaking through the ground and descending, nevertheless, nothing lying and sitting that is underneath it defiles humans and to defile clothing.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:6:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:6:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:6:5)

**וְעַל גַּבָּיו מַדָּף.** נְהִי דְּמֵת נַמִּי מְטַמֵּא כֵלִים שֶׁעַל גַּבָּיו טֻמְאַת מַדָּף לְטַמֵּא אֳכָלִים וּמַשְׁקִין, דְּטֻמְאָה בוֹקַעַת וְעוֹלָה, מִכָּל מָקוֹם אִם [הָיָה הַמֵּת בָּעֲלִיָּה, וְהַמִּשְׁכָּבוֹת וְהַמּוֹשָׁבוֹת בַּבַּיִת עַד שְׁמֵי הַקּוֹרָה, וְהַנְּסָרִים נִכְפָּפִים מִכֹּבֶד הַמֵּת וּמַכְבִּידִין עַל הַמִּשְׁכָּבוֹת, אוֹ] הַמֵּת בַּבַּיִת סָמוּךְ לִשְׁמֵי קוֹרָה, וְהַמִּשְׁכָּבוֹת בָּעֲלִיָּה, וְנִכְפָּפִים הַנְּסָרִים מִכֹּבֶד הַמִּשְׁכָּבוֹת וּמַכְבִּידִים עַל הַמֵּת, כִּי הַאי גַּוְנָא בַּזָּב טָמֵא מִתַּחְתָּיו לְטַמֵּא אָדָם לְטַמֵּא בְגָדִים, וְעַל גַּבָּיו לְטַמֵּא אֳכָלִים וּמַשְׁקִין, וּבַמֵּת בֵּין עַל גַּבָּיו בֵּין מִתַּחְתָּיו טָהוֹר:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ועל גביו מדף – assuming that the corpse defiles vessels that are on top of it the uncleanness of a minor degree to defile foods and drinks, that defilement breaks through the ground and rises, nevertheless if [the corpse was on an upper floor and the uncleanness caused by unclean persons lying on an object and sitting on an object in the house until the top of the beam, and the planed board that is bent from the weight of the corpse and which make heavy those lying down, or] the corpse is in the house near/adjacent to the top of the beam, and those that are lying are in the upper story, and the planed boards are bent from the weight of those lying and weigh down upon the corpse, in that manner with an impure person with a flux/gonorrhea (i.e., a Zav) below to defile humans [and] to defile clothing, and above it to defile foods and drinks, but with the corpse, whether above it or whether below it, is pure.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:1
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:7:1)

**שֶׁאֵינָהּ יְכוֹלָה.** וְכֵיוָן דְּזֶה אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל וְזֶה אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל, כָּל חַד וְחַד כֻּלֵּיהּ מַעֲשֶׂה עֲבִיד וְאִיכָּא רֻבּוֹ שֶׁל זָב נִשָּׂא עָלָיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שאינה יכולה (it – i.e., the bed – is not able to stand – on three legs) – and since this one (i.e., leg) is not able [to stand] and that one (i.e., leg) is not able [to stand] each one of all of them has performed an act and there most of the person with gonorrhea/flux (i.e., the Zav) is lifted upon it (i.e., the leg).


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:2
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:7:2)

**רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן מְטַהֵר.** דְּבָעֵי שִׁעוּר זִיבָה לְזֶה וְשִׁעוּר זִיבָה לְזֶה, כְּלוֹמַר רֻבּוֹ שֶׁל זָב מַכְבִּיד עַל כָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד. וְאָזְדָא לְטַעְמֵיהּ דְּאָמַר לְעֵיל בְּפִרְקִין בִּיחִידִי טָמֵא, וּבִמְרֻבִּים טָהוֹר, שֶׁאֵין אֶחָד נוֹשֵׂא אֶת רֻבּוֹ. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
רבי שמעון מטהר – that requires the measurement of gonorrhea for this one (i.e., the leg) and the measurement of gonorrhea for that one (i.e., the leg), meaning to say, the majority of this [Zav] weighs down on each of them. And he follows after his reasoning that he stated above in our chapter (Tractate Zavim, Chapter 4, Mishnah 5) regarding an individual [place to lie down or sit], but if there were many [places to lie down or sit] they are clean, for no single place can carry the majority. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:3
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:7:3)

**הָיָה רוֹכֵב עַל גַּבֵּי בְהֵמָה.** בְּעוֹמֶדֶת אַיְרֵי, דְּאִי בִמְהַלֶּכֶת, כָּל שָׁעָה הָאַחַת נֶעֱקֶרֶת וְעוֹמֶדֶת עַל שָׁלֹשׁ, וְטָמֵא מַה שֶּׁתַּחְתֵּיהֶן, שֶׁאֵינָהּ יְכוֹלָה לַעֲמֹד עַל שְׁתַּיִם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
היה רכוב על גבי בהמה – we are dealing with something standing, for if it is walking, all the while that the one [leg] is uprooted but it is standing on three [legs], and what is underneath them is impure, for it is unable to stand on two [legs].


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:4
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:7:4)

**שֶׁיְּכוֹלָה לַעֲמֹד עַל שָׁלֹשׁ.** הִלְכָּךְ כָּל חַד וְחַד הָוֵי לֵיהּ רְבִיעִי, וְאֵינוֹ אֶלָּא מְסַיֵּעַ, וּמְסַיֵּעַ אֵין בּוֹ מַמָּשׁ. אֲבָל טַלִּית אַחַת תַּחַת שְׁתַּיִם, טְמֵאָה, שֶׁאֵינָהּ יְכוֹלָה לַעֲמֹד עַל שְׁתַּיִם:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
שיכולה לעמוד על שלש – therefore each one is like a fourth leg, and it is not other than a support [for the other legs], and support has no substance to it (see Tractate Shabbat 93a). But one cloak underneath two legs, is impure, for it (i.e., the animal) is not able to stand on [the other] two legs.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:5
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:7:5)

**רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר.** אַאַרְבַּע טַלִּיתוֹת תַּחַת אַרְבַּע רַגְלֵי בְהֵמָה קָאֵי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ר' יוסי אומר - he is referring to four cloaks under the four feet of an animal.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:6
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:7:6)

**הַסּוּס מְטַמֵּא בְרַגְלָיו.** אִם זָב רוֹכֵב עָלָיו וְטַלִּית תַּחַת אַחַת מֵרַגְלָיו שֶׁל סוּס, טְמֵאָה. אֲבָל תַּחַת יָדָיו, טְהוֹרָה, שֶׁאֵין מִשְׁעַנְתּוֹ עַל יָדָיו. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
הסוס מטמא ברגליו – if a person with gonorrhea/flux (i.e., a Zav) rides upon it (i.e., a horse) and there is a cloak underneath one of the feet of a horse, it is ritually impure. But underneath its hands, it is ritually pure, for it doesn’t lean on its forelegs. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yossi.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:7
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:7:7)

**כֵּלִים שֶׁבָּעֵקֶל טְמֵאִים.** דְּמִשְׁעֶנֶת הַקּוֹרָה עַל הָעֵקֶל. וְעֵקֶל הִיא הַכְּפִיפָה שֶׁעוֹצְרִים בָּהּ הַזֵּיתִים וְהִיא עֲשׂוּיָה כְמִין קֻפָּה שֶׁל מַעֲשֵׂה שְׂבָכָה, וְאַחַר שֶׁעוֹצְרִים הַזֵּיתִים וְנִשְׁאָר הַגֶּפֶת שֶׁהוּא הַפְּסֹלֶת שֶׁל זֵיתִים, מַכְנִיסִין אוֹתוֹ בְּאוֹתוֹ עֵקֶל, וְנוֹתְנִים עַל הָעֵקֶל קוֹרָה לְהַכְבִּיד עָלָיו:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כלים שבעקל טמאים (utensils that are in the roller are unclean) – that the crutch of the beam is on the roller, and the roller is a basket that gathers/detains in it the olives (i.e., a bale of loose texture containing the olive pulp to be pressed) and it is made like a kind of basket of network, and after they gather/detain in it the olives and there remains the peat which is the refuse of olives (i.e., the peals), and they bring it into the bale of loose texture containing the olive pulp to be pressed, and place upon the bale of loose texture a beam to weigh it down.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:8
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:7:8)

**הַמַּכְבֵּשׁ שֶׁל כּוֹבֵס.** לְאַחַר שֶׁכִּבְּסוּ הַבְּגָדִים, מְקַפְּלִין אוֹתָן תַּחַת הַמַּכְבֵּשׁ לְכָבְשָׁן וְלִשְׁמֹר קִפּוּלָן:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
המכבש של כובס (the washer’s clothes press) – after they launder the clothing, they fold them underneath the clothes press to press them and to preserve their folding.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:9
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:7:9)

**כֵּלִים שֶׁתַּחְתָּיו טְהוֹרִים.** שֶׁאֵין הַיּוֹשֵׁב בְּקָצֶה הָאֶחָד שֶׁל מַכְבֵּשׁ מַכְבִּיד עַל הַכֵּלִים:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
כלים שתחתיו טהורים – for a person who sits on one end of the clothes press does not weigh down the utensils.


###### Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:10
[Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim 4:7:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bartenura%20on%20Mishnah%20Zavim/r/4:7:10)

**וְרַבִּי נְחֶמְיָה מְטַמֵּא.** סָבַר אִי אֶפְשָׁר שֶׁיֵּשֵׁב בְּקָצֶה הָאֶחָד שֶׁל הַמַּכְבֵּשׁ שֶׁלֹּא יַכְבִּיד עַל הַכֵּלִים. וְאֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי נְחֶמְיָה:

**Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020:**
ור' נחמיה מטמא – he holds that it is impossible that he sits on one end of the clothes press without weighing down on the utensils. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Nehemiah.