## Bava Batra Daf 11b

###### Bava Batra 11b:1
[Bava Batra 11b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/11b:1)

אֲבָל מְיַיחַד לֵיהּ פִּיתְחָא – אֵין לוֹ אֶלָּא אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת לִפְנֵי פִתְחוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**But** if **he designates an entrance** leading to this pit and does not approach it from all sides, **he has four cubits only in front of his entrance.**


###### Bava Batra 11b:2
[Bava Batra 11b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/11b:2)

אָמַר רַב הוּנָא: אַכְסַדְרָה – אֵין לָהּ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת. טַעְמָא מַאי – מִשּׁוּם פֵּירוּק מַשָּׂאוֹ; הָכָא – אֶפְשָׁר דְּעָיֵיל לְגַוַּאי וּמְפָרַק. מֵתִיב רַב שֵׁשֶׁת: אֶחָד שַׁעֲרֵי בָתִּים, וְאֶחָד שַׁעֲרֵי אַכְסַדְרָאוֹת – יֵשׁ לָהֶן אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת! כִּי תַּנְיָא הָהִיא, בְּאַכְסַדְרָה דְּבֵי רַב. אַכְסַדְרָה דְּבֵי רַב פְּשִׁיטָא – אִידְּרוֹנָא מְעַלְּיָא הוּא! אֶלָּא בְּאַכְסַדְרָה רוֹמָיְיֹתַא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Huna says: A portico [*akhsadra*]** that opens onto a courtyard **does not have** the adjoining **four cubits.** The Gemara explains: **What is the reason** that four cubits were granted for each entrance? The four cubits were granted so that the owner would have room **for unloading** his animal of **its burden. Here he can go inside** the portico **and unload. Rav Sheshet raises an objection** from a *baraita*: **Both gates of houses and gates of porticos have** the adjoining **four cubits** for unloading. The Gemara answers: **When that** *baraita* **is taught, it is** specifically **with regard to the portico of a study hall,** which is closed and is not used for unloading burdens. The Gemara expresses surprise at this answer: It is **obvious that** this is the *halakha* governing **the portico of a study hall,** as **it is a proper room. Rather,** the *baraita* is referring to **a Roman portico,** which is more open than the portico of a study hall, but also not used for unloading.


###### Bava Batra 11b:3
[Bava Batra 11b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/11b:3)

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: בֵּית שַׁעַר, אַכְסַדְרָה וּמִרְפֶּסֶת – יֵשׁ לָהֶן אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת. הָיוּ חֲמִשָּׁה בָּתִּים פְּתוּחִין לְמִרְפֶּסֶת – אֵין לָהֶן אֶלָּא אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת בִּלְבַד. בְּעָא מִינֵּיהּ רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן מֵרַבִּי יַנַּאי: לוּל שֶׁל תַּרְנְגוֹלִין – יֵשׁ לוֹ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת, אוֹ אֵין לוֹ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: טַעְמָא מַאי – מִשּׁוּם פֵּירוּק מַשָּׂאוֹ; הָכָא – מְטַפֵּס וְעוֹלֶה, מְטַפֵּס וְיוֹרֵד.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The Sages taught** in a *baraita*: **A gatehouse, a portico, and a balcony** with a staircase leading down to the courtyard **have** the adjoining **four cubits** for unloading. Even if **five houses open onto the balcony, they only have four cubits** in front of the entrance to the staircase that leads to the balcony. **Rabbi Yoḥanan asked Rabbi Yannai:** Does **a chicken coop** that also has a staircase **have four cubits or does it not have four cubits?** Rabbi Yannai **said to him: What is the reason** that four cubits are granted? It is so that the owner will have room **for unloading** the **burden** of **his** animal. **Here** this space is not needed, as the chickens **climb up** to get into the coop **and climb down** to get out. No additional place is required for the owner to stand alongside them.


###### Bava Batra 11b:4
[Bava Batra 11b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/11b:4)

בְּעָא מִינֵּיהּ רָבָא מֵרַב נַחְמָן: בַּיִת חֶצְיוֹ מְקוֹרֶה וְחֶצְיוֹ אֵינוֹ מְקוֹרֶה – יֵשׁ לוֹ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת, אוֹ אֵין לוֹ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אֵין לוֹ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת; לָא מִבַּעְיָא קֵירוּיוֹ מִלְּגָיו – דְּאֶפְשָׁר דְּעָיֵיל לְגַוַּאי וּמְפָרֵק; אֶלָּא אֲפִילּוּ קֵירוּיוֹ כְּלַפֵּי חוּץ – אֶפְשָׁר דְּעָיֵיל לְגַוַּאי וּמְפָרֵק.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rava asked Rav Naḥman:** If **a house** is **half roofed and half unroofed, does it have** the adjoining **four cubits or does it not have** the **four cubits?** Rav Naḥman **said to him: It does not have** the **four cubits.** The Gemara comments: It is **not necessary** to state this *halakha* when the house’s **roofing is** over **the inside** portion of the house, **since it is possible** for the owner **to go inside and unload** his animal. **Rather, even** when the house’s **roofing is** over **the outside** portion of the house, it is not given four cubits, as even in such a case **it is possible** for the owner **to go inside and unload** his animal there.


###### Bava Batra 11b:5
[Bava Batra 11b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/11b:5)

בְּעָא מִינֵּיהּ רַב הוּנָא מֵרַבִּי אַמֵּי: אֶחָד מִבְּנֵי מָבוֹי, שֶׁבִּקֵּשׁ לְהַחֲזִיר פִּתְחוֹ לְמָבוֹי אַחֵר – בְּנֵי מָבוֹי מְעַכְּבִין עָלָיו, אוֹ אֵין מְעַכְּבִין עָלָיו? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: בְּנֵי מָבוֹי מְעַכְּבִין עָלָיו.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Rav Huna asked Rabbi Ami:** If **one of the residents of an alleyway** onto which several courtyards open **wishes to alter his entrance to a different alleyway,** i.e., to make an entrance to his courtyard that will open onto a different alleyway, can **the residents of the** other **alleyway prevent him** from opening this entrance, **or can they not prevent him** from doing so? Rabbi Ami **said to him: The residents of** the other **alleyway can prevent him** from making the change.


###### Bava Batra 11b:6
[Bava Batra 11b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/11b:6)

אַכְסַנְיָא – לְפִי בְּנֵי אָדָם מִתְחַלֶּקֶת, אוֹ לְפִי פְתָחִים מִתְחַלֶּקֶת? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: לְפִי בְּנֵי אָדָם מִתְחַלֶּקֶת. תַּנְיָא נָמֵי הָכִי: זֶבֶל שֶׁבֶּחָצֵר – מִתְחַלֶּקֶת לְפִי פְתָחִים. אַכְסַנְיָא – לְפִי בְּנֵי אָדָם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Huna further asked: When a king issues **a billeting** order to the residents of a courtyard, obligating them to house his soldiers in their homes, is the burden **divided according to** the number of **people** in each household, **or** is it **divided according to** the number of **entrances** that each house has opening into the courtyard? Rabbi Ami **said to him: It is divided according to the** number of **people** in each household. The Gemara comments: **That** opinion **is also taught** in a *baraita*: **The dung in a courtyard** which the residents wish to use **is divided** among them **according to** the number of **entrances** that open into the courtyard, whereas **billeting** is divided **according to** the number of **people** in each household.


###### Bava Batra 11b:7
[Bava Batra 11b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/11b:7)

אָמַר רַב הוּנָא: אֶחָד מִבְּנֵי מָבוֹי שֶׁבִּקֵּשׁ לִסְתּוֹם כְּנֶגֶד פִּתְחוֹ – בְּנֵי מָבוֹי מְעַכְּבִין עָלָיו, שֶׁמַּרְבֶּה עֲלֵיהֶן אֶת הַדֶּרֶךְ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Huna says:** If **one of the residents of an alleyway wishes to close off** an area **adjacent to his entrance,** i.e., to build a structure in the alleyway adjacent to the entrance to his courtyard, **the residents of the alleyway can prevent him** from doing so. This is because **it will increase the way for them,** since they will have to circumvent the structure when going to and from their homes.


###### Bava Batra 11b:8
[Bava Batra 11b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/11b:8)

מֵיתִיבִי: חָמֵשׁ חֲצֵרוֹת פְּתוּחוֹת לְמָבוֹי – כּוּלָּן מִשְׁתַּמְּשׁוֹת עִם הַחִיצוֹנָה, וְהַחִיצוֹנָה מִשְׁתַּמֶּשֶׁת לְעַצְמָהּ. וְהַשְּׁאָר מִשְׁתַּמְּשׁוֹת עִם הַשְּׁנִיָּה; וְהַשְּׁנִיָּה מִשְׁתַּמֶּשֶׁת לְעַצְמָהּ וּמִשְׁתַּמֶּשֶׁת עִם הַחִיצוֹנָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara **raises an objection** from a *baraita*: If **five courtyards open onto an alleyway, all** the residents of the alleyway may **use** that part of the alleyway that faces the entrance to **the outermost** courtyard, **and** the residents of **the outermost** courtyard may **use** only that part of the alleyway adjacent to **its own** entrance. **And** similarly, the residents of **the other** courtyards may **use** that part of the alleyway that faces **the second** courtyard, i.e., the one next to the outermost courtyard, **and** the residents of **the second** courtyard may **use** that part of the alleyway adjacent to **its own** entrance **and** they may **use** that part of the alleyway facing **the outermost** courtyard.


###### Bava Batra 11b:9
[Bava Batra 11b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/11b:9)

נִמְצֵאת פְּנִימִית מִשְׁתַּמֶּשֶׁת לְעַצְמָהּ, וּמִשְׁתַּמֶּשֶׁת עִם כׇּל אַחַת וְאַחַת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The *baraita* continues: The **outcome** is that the residents of **the innermost** courtyard may **use** that part of the alleyway adjacent to **its own** entrance, **and** they may **use** that part of the alleyway facing **each and every** other courtyard as well. According to this analysis, it should be permitted for the owner of the innermost courtyard to close off the area in front of his courtyard, since he is the only one who has permission to use it.


###### Bava Batra 11b:10
[Bava Batra 11b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/11b:10)

תַּנָּאֵי הִיא. דְּתַנְיָא: אֶחָד מִבְּנֵי מָבוֹי שֶׁבִּקֵּשׁ לְהַחֲזִיר פִּתְחוֹ לְמָבוֹי אַחֵר – בְּנֵי מָבוֹי מְעַכְּבִין עָלָיו. הָיָה סָתוּם וּבִקֵּשׁ לְפוֹתְחוֹ – אֵין בְּנֵי מָבוֹי מְעַכְּבִין עָלָיו; דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר אוֹמֵר: חָמֵשׁ חֲצֵרוֹת הַפְּתוּחוֹת לְמָבוֹי – כּוּלָּן מִשְׁתַּמְּשׁוֹת בַּמָּבוֹי זוֹ עִם זוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: It **is** a dispute between ***tanna’im*, as it is taught** in a *baraita*: If **one of the residents of an alleyway wishes to alter his entrance to a different alleyway, the residents of the** other **alleyway can prevent him** from doing so. If **there had been** an entrance there beforehand which is now **sealed and he wishes to open it, the residents of the** other **alleyway cannot prevent him** from doing so; this is **the statement of Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi. **Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar says:** If there are **five courtyards which open onto an alleyway,** the residents of all the courtyards **may all use the alleyway with each other.**


###### Bava Batra 11b:11
[Bava Batra 11b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/11b:11)

חֲצֵרוֹת מַאן דְּכַר שְׁמַיְיהוּ? חַסּוֹרֵי מִחַסְּרָא, וְהָכִי קָתָנֵי: וְכֵן חָמֵשׁ חֲצֵרוֹת הַפְּתוּחוֹת לְמָבוֹי – כּוּלָּן מִשְׁתַּמְּשׁוֹת עִם הַחִיצוֹנָה, וְהַחִיצוֹנָה מִשְׁתַּמֶּשֶׁת לְעַצְמָהּ וְכוּ׳; דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר אוֹמֵר: חָמֵשׁ חֲצֵרוֹת הַפְּתוּחוֹת לְמָבוֹי – כּוּלָּם מִשְׁתַּמְּשׁוֹת בַּמָּבוֹי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara expresses surprise about this last ruling: **Courtyards, who mentioned anything about them?** Why are they mentioned, considering that the *baraita* is not discussing the *halakhot* of courtyards? The Gemara answers: The *baraita* **is incomplete and this** is what **it is teaching: Additionally,** if there are **five courtyards which open onto an alleyway,** the residents of all the courtyards **may all use** the area facing **the outermost** courtyard, **and the** residents of the **outermost one** may **use** only the area facing their **own** entrance; this is **the statement of Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi. **Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar says:** If there are **five courtyards which open onto an alleyway,** the residents of all the courtyards **may all use the alleyway.**


###### Bava Batra 11b:12
[Bava Batra 11b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/11b:12)

אָמַר מָר: הָיָה סָתוּם וּבִקֵּשׁ לְפוֹתְחוֹ – אֵין בְּנֵי מָבוֹי מְעַכְּבִין עָלָיו. אָמַר רָבָא: לֹא שָׁנוּ אֶלָּא שֶׁלֹּא פָּרַץ אֶת פַּצִּימָיו, אֲבָל פָּרַץ אֶת פַּצִּימָיו – בְּנֵי מָבוֹי מְעַכְּבִין עָלָיו. אֲמַר לֵיהּ אַבָּיֵי לְרָבָא, תַּנְיָא דִּמְסַיַּיע לָךְ:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara directs the discussion to the details mentioned in the *baraita*. **The Master said:** If **there had been** an entrance there beforehand that is now **sealed and he wishes to open it, the residents of the** other **alleyway cannot prevent him** from doing so. **Rava says: This was taught only when he did not break its doorposts,** i.e., when the doorposts remained intact even after the entrance was sealed. **But if he** sealed the entrance and **broke its doorposts,** thereby demonstrating that the entrance had been completely negated, **the residents of the** other **alleyway can prevent him** from opening a new entrance. **Abaye said to Rava:** A *baraita* **is taught which supports you:**