## Bava Batra Daf 157b

###### Bava Batra 157b:1
[Bava Batra 157b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/157b:1)

אֶלָּא הָא מַנִּי – רַבִּי מֵאִיר הִיא, דְּאָמַר: אָדָם מַקְנֶה דָּבָר שֶׁלֹּא בָּא לָעוֹלָם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rather,** in accordance with **whose** opinion **is this** mishna? This mishna **is** in accordance with the opinion of **Rabbi Meir, who says: A person can transfer** ownership of **an entity that has not** yet **come into the world.** Similarly, Rabbi Meir maintains that one can place a lien on property that the borrower will subsequently acquire.


###### Bava Batra 157b:2
[Bava Batra 157b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/157b:2)

אָמַר רַב יַעֲקֹב מִנְּהַר פְּקוֹד מִשְּׁמֵיהּ דְּרָבִינָא, תָּא שְׁמַע: שִׁטְרֵי חוֹב הַמּוּקְדָּמִין – פְּסוּלִין, וְהַמְאוּחָרִין – כְּשֵׁרִין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Yaakov from Nehar Pekod says in the name of Ravina: Come** and **hear** proof from a mishna (*Shevi’it* 10:5): **Promissory notes that are antedated,** i.e., that are dated prior to the date on which the loan actually was given, **are invalid.** This is because the promissory note places a lien on the borrower’s property. By dating the document earlier than the loan itself, the lender appears to have a lien on property that the borrower sold prior to taking out the loan, enabling the lender to fraudulently repossess it from the buyer. **But** promissory notes **that are postdated are valid,** as this does not enable the lender to defraud a buyer.


###### Bava Batra 157b:3
[Bava Batra 157b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/157b:3)

וְאִי סָלְקָא דַּעְתָּךְ ״דְּאִיקְנֵי״ – קָנָה וּמָכַר, ״דְּאִיקְנֵי״ – קָנָה וְהוֹרִישׁ, לֹא מִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד; מְאוּחָרִין אַמַּאי כְּשֵׁרִין? ״דְּאִיקְנֵי״ הוּא!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara explains: **And if it enters your mind** to say that property that the borrower acquires after receiving the loan **is not liened** even when he writes: The property **that I will acquire** shall be liened, and he **acquires** property **and sells** it to others, or when he writes: The property **that I will acquire** shall be liened, and he **acquires** property **and bequeaths** it to his heirs, **why,** then, **are postdated** promissory notes **valid?** They should be invalid, as in some instances they enable the creditor to fraudulently repossess property that is not liened, e.g., if the borrower acquires property after receiving the loan but before the date on the promissory note, and he sells it after that date. This case **is** comparable to one where the borrower writes: The property **that I will acquire** shall be liened.


###### Bava Batra 157b:4
[Bava Batra 157b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/157b:4)

הָא מַנִּי – רַבִּי מֵאִיר הִיא, דְּאָמַר: אָדָם מַקְנֶה דָּבָר שֶׁלֹּא בָּא לָעוֹלָם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: In accordance with **whose** opinion **is this** mishna? This mishna **is** in accordance with the opinion of **Rabbi Meir, who says: A person can transfer** ownership of **an entity that has not** yet **come into the world.**


###### Bava Batra 157b:5
[Bava Batra 157b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/157b:5)

אָמַר רַב מְשַׁרְשְׁיָא מִשְּׁמֵיהּ דְּרָבָא, תָּא שְׁמַע: לְשֶׁבַח קַרְקָעוֹת כֵּיצַד? הֲרֵי שֶׁמָּכַר שָׂדֶה לַחֲבֵירוֹ, וְהִשְׁבִּיחָהּ, וּבָא בַּעַל חוֹב וּטְרָפָהּ, כְּשֶׁהוּא גּוֹבֶה – גּוֹבֶה אֶת הַקֶּרֶן מִנְּכָסִין מְשׁוּעְבָּדִין, וְאֶת הַשֶּׁבַח מִנְּכָסִין בְּנֵי חוֹרִין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Mesharshiyya says in the name of Rava: Come** and **hear** proof from a *baraita*: With regard to collecting a debt **in** a case of **enhancement of land, how** does it happen that the debt cannot be collected from liened property that has been sold? This question arises in a case **where** a debtor **sold a field to another and** the buyer **enhanced it, and a creditor came and repossessed it** from the buyer. **When** the buyer **collects** the value of the land from the seller, he **collects the principal** even **from liened property** that was sold to others, **but** he collects the value of **the enhancement** only **from unsold property.**


###### Bava Batra 157b:6
[Bava Batra 157b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/157b:6)

וְאִי סָלְקָא דַּעְתָּךְ ״דְּאִיקְנֵי״ – קָנָה וּמָכַר, ״דְּאִיקְנֵי״ – קָנָה וְהוֹרִישׁ, לֹא מִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד; בַּעַל חוֹב אַמַּאי גּוֹבֶה שְׁבָחָא?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And if it enters your mind** to say that property that the borrower acquires after receiving the loan **is not liened** even when he writes: The property **that I will acquire** shall be liened, and he **acquires** property **and sells** it to others, or when he writes: The property **that I will acquire** shall be liened, and he **acquires** property **and bequeaths** it to his heirs, **why does** the **creditor collect** his debt by repossessing the **enhancement** from the buyer? Since the enhancement was not extant at the time of the loan, it is not liened.


###### Bava Batra 157b:7
[Bava Batra 157b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/157b:7)

הָא מַנִּי – רַבִּי מֵאִיר הִיא, דְּאָמַר: אָדָם מַקְנֶה דָּבָר שֶׁלֹּא בָּא לָעוֹלָם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: In accordance with **whose** opinion **is this** mishna? This mishna **is** in accordance with the opinion of **Rabbi Meir, who says: A person can transfer** ownership of **an entity that has not** yet **come into the world.** The dilemma of Shmuel is raised according to the opinion of the Rabbis.


###### Bava Batra 157b:8
[Bava Batra 157b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/157b:8)

אִם תִּמְצָא לוֹמַר: ״דְּאִיקְנֵי״ – קָנָה וּמָכַר, ״דְּאִיקְנֵי״ – קָנָה וְהוֹרִישׁ, לֹא מִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד; הָא לֹא מִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד. אִם תִּמְצָא לוֹמַר: מִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד; לָוָה וְלָוָה, וְחָזַר וְקָנָה, מַהוּ? לְקַמָּא מִשְׁתַּעְבַּד, אוֹ לְבָתְרָא מִשְׁתַּעְבַּד?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara comments: **If you say** that when the borrower writes: The property **that I will acquire** shall be liened, and he **acquires** property **and sells** it to others, it is not liened, and that when he writes: The property **that I will acquire** shall be liened, and he **acquires** property **and bequeaths** it to his heirs, **it is not liened,** then **it is not liened** and the following question will not arise. **If you say** that **it is liened, what is** the *halakha* with regard to one who **borrowed** money from one lender **and** then **borrowed** money from another lender, stating in both cases that the property that he will acquire shall be liened, **and** he **then acquired** land? Does **the first** lender **have a lien upon** the property **or** does **the last** lender **have a lien upon** the property?


###### Bava Batra 157b:9
[Bava Batra 157b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/157b:9)

אָמַר רַב נַחְמָן: הָא מִילְּתָא אִיבַּעְיָא לַן, וּשְׁלַחוּ מִתָּם: רִאשׁוֹן קָנָה. רַב הוּנָא אָמַר: יַחְלוֹקוּ. וְכֵן תָּנֵי רַבָּה בַּר אֲבוּהּ: יַחְלוֹקוּ. אָמַר רָבִינָא: מַהְדּוּרָא קַמָּא דְּרַב אָשֵׁי, אָמַר לַן: רִאשׁוֹן קָנָה. מַהְדּוּרָא בָּתְרָא דְּרַב אָשֵׁי, אָמַר לַן: יַחְלוֹקוּ. וְהִלְכְתָא: יַחְלוֹקוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Naḥman said: This matter was raised before us, and** the Sages **sent** a response **from there,** from Eretz Yisrael: **The first** lender **acquires** the property, since his lien came first. **Rav Huna says:** The lenders **divide** the property between them. **And so teaches Rabba bar Avuh:** The lenders **divide** the property between them. **Ravina said: The first time Rav Ashi** taught this matter **he said to us: The first** lender **acquires** the property. **The last time Rav Ashi** taught this matter **he said to us:** The lenders **divide** the property between them. **And the *halakha*** is that **they divide** the property between them.


###### Bava Batra 157b:10
[Bava Batra 157b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/157b:10)

מֵיתִיבִי: לְשֶׁבַח קַרְקָעוֹת כֵּיצַד? הֲרֵי שֶׁמָּכַר שָׂדֶה לַחֲבֵירוֹ וְהִשְׁבִּיחָהּ, וּבָא בַּעַל חוֹב וּטְרָפָהּ, כְּשֶׁהוּא גּוֹבֶה – גּוֹבֶה אֶת הַקֶּרֶן מִנְּכָסִין מְשׁוּעְבָּדִין, וְאֶת הַשֶּׁבַח מִנְּכָסִין בְּנֵי חוֹרִין. וְאִם אִיתָא, חֲצִי שֶׁבַח מִבְּעֵי לֵיהּ!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara **raises an objection** from the aforementioned *baraita*: With regard to collecting a debt **in** a case of **enhancement of land, how** does it occur that the debt cannot be collected from liened property that has been sold? This question arises in a case **where** one **sold a field to another, and** the buyer **enhanced it, and a creditor came and repossessed it** from the buyer. **When** the buyer **collects** the value of the land from the seller, he **collects the principal** even **from liened property** that was sold to others, **but** he collects the value of **the enhancement** only **from unsold property. And if it is so** that in general, the property is divided between the creditors, then, since both the creditor and the buyer have a lien upon the enhancement of the property, the buyer **should** collect only **half of** the value of **the enhancement.**


###### Bava Batra 157b:11
[Bava Batra 157b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/157b:11)

מַאי ״גּוֹבֶה״ נָמֵי דְּקָתָנֵי – חֲצִי שֶׁבַח.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **What** does the *baraita* mean, **as well,** when **it teaches** that the buyer **collects** the enhancement? The *baraita* means that he collects **half of** the value of **the enhancement.**