## Bava Batra Daf 26a

###### Bava Batra 26a:1
[Bava Batra 26a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/26a:1)

כִּדְנָיֵיד נִכְתְּמָא אַפּוּמֵּיהּ דְּחַצְבָּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
It must shake enough **that the lid [*nakhtema*]** positioned **at the mouth of a jug shakes** if it is placed on a wall.


###### Bava Batra 26a:2
[Bava Batra 26a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/26a:2)

דְּבֵי בַּר מָרִיּוֹן בְּרֵיהּ דְּרָבִין, כִּי הֲוָה נָפְצִי כִּיתָּנָא – הֲוָה אָזְלָא רַקְתָּא וּמַזְּקָא אִינָשֵׁי. אֲתוֹ לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרָבִינָא, אֲמַר לְהוּ: כִּי אָמְרִינַן מוֹדֶה רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּגִירֵי דִּילֵיהּ – הָנֵי מִילֵּי דְּקָא אָזְלָא מִכֹּחוֹ, הָכָא – זִיקָא הוּא דְּקָא מַמְטֵי לַהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates: **When the** members of the **household of bar Maryon, son of Ravin, would beat** their **flax, the chaff [*rakta*] would fly off and harm people.** Those people **came before Ravina** to complain. Ravina **said to them: When we say** that **Rabbi Yosei concedes with regard to his arrows, this statement** applies only **when** the damaging item **moves by his direct force. Here,** by contrast, **it is the wind that carries** the chaff.


###### Bava Batra 26a:3
[Bava Batra 26a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/26a:3)

מַתְקֵיף לַהּ מָר בַּר רַב אָשֵׁי: מַאי שְׁנָא מִזּוֹרֶה וְרוּחַ מְסַיַּיעְתּוֹ? אַמְרוּהָ קַמֵּיהּ דְּמָרִימָר, אֲמַר לְהוּ: הַיְינוּ זוֹרֶה וְרוּחַ מְסַיַּיעְתּוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Mar bar Rav Ashi objects to this:** In **what** way **is** this case **different from** one who **winnows** on Shabbat by throwing the grain into the wind so that the chaff is blown away **and the wind assists him?** That is considered a primary category of labor on Shabbat despite the fact that the act is performed partly with the aid of the wind. The Gemara relates that the Sages **stated** this objection with regard to beating flax **before Mareimar.** Mareimar **said to them: This** case **is** the same as **one who winnows and the wind assists him.** Just as this is considered his direct force for the purposes of the *halakhot* of Shabbat, it is likewise considered his direct force with regard to the *halakhot* of damages.


###### Bava Batra 26a:4
[Bava Batra 26a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/26a:4)

וּלְרָבִינָא, מַאי שְׁנָא מִגֵּץ הַיּוֹצֵא מִתַּחַת הַפַּטִּישׁ וְהִזִּיק – דְּחַיָּיב לְשַׁלֵּם? הָתָם נִיחָא לֵיהּ דְּלֵיזִל, הָכָא לָא נִיחָא לֵיהּ דְּלֵיזִל.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **And according to** the opinion of **Ravina,** who rejects this comparison and claims that flying chaff is not considered one’s arrow, in **what** way **is** this situation **different from** that of **a spark that flies from a hammer and causes damage,** in which case all agree **that** the one wielding the hammer **is liable to pay?** The Gemara answers: **There,** it is **preferable for him that** the spark **go** as far as possible, rather than staying nearby. **Here** it is **not preferable for him,** i.e., it is immaterial to him, **that** the chaff **go** some distance.


###### Bava Batra 26a:5
[Bava Batra 26a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/26a:5)

**מַתְנִי׳** לֹא יִטַּע אָדָם אִילָן סָמוּךְ לִשְׂדֵה חֲבֵירוֹ, אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן הִרְחִיק מִמֶּנּוּ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת – אֶחָד גְּפָנִים וְאֶחָד כׇּל אִילָן. הָיָה גָּדֵר בֵּינָתַיִם – זֶה סוֹמֵךְ לַגָּדֵר מִכָּאן, וְזֶה סוֹמֵךְ לַגָּדֵר מִכָּאן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** **A person may not plant a tree near the field of another unless he distances it four cubits from** the field. This is the case **whether** he is planting **grapevines or any** kind of **tree.** If there **was a fence between** them, **this** one **may place,** i.e., plant, his grapevines or trees **close to the fence from here, and that** one **may place,** i.e., plant, his produce **close to the fence from there.**


###### Bava Batra 26a:6
[Bava Batra 26a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/26a:6)

הָיוּ שׇׁרָשִׁים יוֹצְאִים לְתוֹךְ שֶׁל חֲבֵירוֹ – מַעֲמִיק שְׁלֹשָׁה טְפָחִים, כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יְעַכֵּב אֶת הַמַּחֲרֵישָׁה. הָיָה חוֹפֵר בּוֹר, שִׁיחַ וּמְעָרָה – קוֹצֵץ וְיוֹרֵד, וְהָעֵצִים שֶׁלּוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
If the **roots were spreading into** the field **of another,** the owner of the field **may dig to a depth** of **three handbreadths** even if he severs those roots, **so that** they do **not impede** his **plow.** If he **was digging a cistern** in that spot, or **a ditch, or a cave,** and he came upon the roots of his neighbor’s tree, **he may cut downward** normally, **and the wood** from the roots **is his.**


###### Bava Batra 26a:7
[Bava Batra 26a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/26a:7)

**גְּמָ׳** תָּנָא: אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת שֶׁאָמְרוּ – כְּדֵי עֲבוֹדַת הַכֶּרֶם. אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: לֹא שָׁנוּ אֶלָּא בְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל, אֲבָל בְּבָבֶל – שְׁתֵּי אַמּוֹת. תַּנְיָא נָמֵי הָכִי: לֹא יִטַּע אָדָם אִילָן סָמוּךְ לִשְׂדֵה חֲבֵירוֹ, אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן הִרְחִיק מִמֶּנּוּ שְׁתֵּי אַמּוֹת. וְהָא אֲנַן תְּנַן: אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת! אֶלָּא לָאו כְּדִשְׁמוּאֵל? שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** A *tanna* **taught:** The **four cubits that** the Sages **stated** one must leave between a vineyard and a neighbor’s field are **for the work of the vineyard,** so that the owner of the vineyard does not take oxen and a plow into his neighbor’s field while working his vineyard. **Shmuel says: They taught** this *halakha* **only with regard to Eretz Yisrael, but in Babylonia two cubits** are sufficient, as their plows are shorter. **This** opinion **is also taught** in a *baraita*: **A person may not plant a tree near the field of another unless he distances** the tree **two cubits from** the field. **But didn’t we learn** in the mishna: **Four cubits? Rather, is it not** correct that there is a difference between Eretz Yisrael and Babylonia in this regard, **as** stated **by Shmuel?** The Gemara concludes: Indeed, **learn from it** that it is so.


###### Bava Batra 26a:8
[Bava Batra 26a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/26a:8)

וְאִיכָּא דְּרָמֵי לַהּ מִירְמֵא – תְּנַן: לֹא יִטַּע אָדָם אִילָן סָמוּךְ לִשְׂדֵה חֲבֵירוֹ, אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן הִרְחִיק מִמֶּנּוּ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת. וְהָתַנְיָא: שְׁתֵּי אַמּוֹת! אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: לָא קַשְׁיָא; כָּאן בְּבָבֶל, כָּאן בְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And there are** those **who raise** this matter in the form **of a contradiction. We learned** in the mishna that **a person may not plant a tree near the field of another unless he distances it four cubits from** the field. **But isn’t it taught** in a *baraita* that **two cubits** are sufficient? **Shmuel said** that this is **not difficult: Here** it is referring **to Babylonia,** whereas **there** it is referring **to Eretz Yisrael.**


###### Bava Batra 26a:9
[Bava Batra 26a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/26a:9)

רָבָא בַּר רַב חָנָן הֲווֹ לֵיהּ הָנְהוּ דִּיקְלֵי, אַמִּיצְרָא דְּפַרְדֵּיסָא דְּרַב יוֹסֵף. הֲווֹ אָתוּ צִפּוֹרֵי יָתְבִי בְּדִיקְלֵי, וְנָחֲתִי בְּפַרְדֵּיסָא וּמַפְסְדִי לֵיהּ. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: זִיל קוֹץ. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: וְהָא אַרְחֵיקִי לִי! אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הָנֵי מִילֵּי לְאִילָנוֹת, אֲבָל לִגְפָנִים בָּעִינַן טְפֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates: **Rava bar Rav Ḥanan had these palm trees** that stood **adjacent to the boundary of Rav Yosef’s vineyard. Birds would come and roost on the palm trees and** would subsequently **descend to the vineyard and damage it.** Rav Yosef **said to** Rava bar Rav Ḥanan: **Go** and **cut down** your palm trees. Rava bar Rav Ḥanan **said to him: But I distanced** them the required amount. Rav Yosef **said to him: This matter,** i.e., this specific distance, applies only **to trees, but a greater** distance **is required for vines.**


###### Bava Batra 26a:10
[Bava Batra 26a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/26a:10)

וְהָא אֲנַן תְּנַן: אֶחָד גְּפָנִים וְאֶחָד כׇּל אִילָן! אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הָנֵי מִילֵּי אִילָן לְאִילָן וּגְפָנִים לִגְפָנִים, אֲבָל אִילָן לִגְפָנִים בָּעִינַן טְפֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rava bar Rav Ḥanan protested: **But didn’t we learn** in the mishna that this is the *halakha* **whether** he is planting **grapevines or any** kind of **tree?** Rav Yosef **said to him: This matter** applies only to the distance between one **tree and** another **tree, or** the distance between one **vine and** other **vines. But** with regard to the space between **a tree and vines, one requires a greater distance.**


###### Bava Batra 26a:11
[Bava Batra 26a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/26a:11)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אֲנָא לָא קָיֵיצְנָא, דְּאָמַר רַב: הַאי דִּיקְלָא דְּטָעֵין קַבָּא – אָסוּר לְמִקְצְיֵיהּ. וְאָמַר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא: לָא שְׁכֵיב שִׁכְחַת בְּרִי, אֶלָּא דְּקַץ תְּאֵנְתָּא בְּלָא זִימְנֵיהּ. מָר – אִי נִיחָא לֵיהּ, לִיקּוֹץ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rava bar Rav Ḥanan **said to him: I** myself **will not cut them down, as Rav said:** With regard to **this palm tree that produces one *kav*** of fruit, it is **prohibited to cut it down,** due to the verse: “You shall not destroy the trees” (Deuteronomy 20:19). **And Rabbi Ḥanina says: My son Shikhḥat died only because he cut down a fig tree before its time.** Rava bar Rav Ḥanan continued: **If the Master is amenable** to do so, he **may cut** them down, but I will not do it.


###### Bava Batra 26a:12
[Bava Batra 26a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/26a:12)

רַב פָּפָּא הֲווֹ לֵיהּ הָנְהוּ דִּיקְלֵי אַמִּיצְרָא דְּרַב הוּנָא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב יְהוֹשֻׁעַ. אֲזַל אַשְׁכְּחֵיהּ דַּהֲוָה חָפַר, וְקָא קָאֵיץ שׇׁרָשָׁיו. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: מַאי הַאי? אֲמַר לֵיהּ, תְּנַן: הָיוּ שׇׁרָשִׁים יוֹצְאִים לְתוֹךְ שֶׁל חֲבֵירוֹ – מַעֲמִיק שְׁלֹשָׁה, כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יְעַכֵּב הַמַּחֲרֵישָׁה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara further relates that **Rav Pappa had these palm trees** that stood **adjacent to the boundary of** the property of **Rav Huna, son of Rav Yehoshua. He went** and **found** Rav Huna **digging and cutting his roots.** Rav Pappa **said to him: What is this?** Rav Huna **said to him** that **we learned** in the mishna: If the **roots were spreading into** the field **of another,** the owner of the field **may dig to a depth** of **three handbreadths** even if he severs those roots, **so that** they do **not impede** his **plow.**


###### Bava Batra 26a:13
[Bava Batra 26a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/26a:13)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הָנֵי מִילֵּי שְׁלֹשָׁה, מָר קָא חָפַר טְפֵי! אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אֲנָא בּוֹרוֹת שִׁיחִין וּמְעָרוֹת קָא חָפַרְנָא – דִּתְנַן: הָיָה חוֹפֵר בּוֹר, שִׁיחַ וּמְעָרָה – קוֹצֵץ וְיוֹרֵד, וְהָעֵצִים שֶׁלּוֹ. אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא: אֲמַרִי לֵיהּ כּוּלְּהִי, וְלָא יְכֵילִי לֵיהּ;

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Pappa **said to him: This statement** applies only up to **three** handbreadths, whereas the **Master is digging** and cutting **more** than three. Rav Huna **said to him: I am** digging **cisterns, ditches, and caves, as we learned** in the mishna: If he **was digging a cistern, a ditch, or a cave, he may cut downward** normally **and the wood** from the roots **is his. Rav Pappa said: I told him all** the proofs I could find, **but I was unable to** convince **him** that I was correct,