## Bava Batra Daf 36b

###### Bava Batra 36b:1
[Bava Batra 36b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/36b:1)

אֲפִילּוּ יוֹם אֶחָד נָמֵי! אֶלָּא דְּכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא – נִיר לָא הָוֵי חֲזָקָה; וְהָכָא – פֵּירָא רַבָּא וּפֵירָא זוּטָא אִיכָּא בֵּינַיְיהוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Even** if he plowed the land for **one day** in the first and third years respectively, it should be sufficient to establish the presumption of ownership. **Rather, everyone** agrees that **plowing is not** sufficient to establish the **presumption** of ownership, **and here** the difference **between** their opinions is whether in order to establish the presumption of ownership one needs to possess the land long enough to grow **major produce,** which requires three months to grow, **or** only **minor produce,** which requires one month.


###### Bava Batra 36b:2
[Bava Batra 36b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/36b:2)

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: נִיר – אֵינוֹ חֲזָקָה. וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים: הֲרֵי זֶה חֲזָקָה. מַאן ״יֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים״? אָמַר רַב חִסְדָּא: רַבִּי אַחָא הִיא – דְּתַנְיָא: נָרָהּ שָׁנָה, וּזְרָעָהּ שְׁתַּיִם, נָרָהּ שְׁתַּיִם, וּזְרָעָהּ שָׁנָה – אֵינָהּ חֲזָקָה. רַבִּי אַחָא אוֹמֵר: הֲרֵי זוֹ חֲזָקָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The Sages taught** in a *baraita*: **Plowing is not** sufficient to establish the **presumption** of ownership. **And there are** those **who say: This is** sufficient to establish the **presumption** of ownership. **Whose** opinion is it that the *baraita* refers to as: **There are** those **who say? Rav Ḥisda said:** It **is** the opinion of **Rabbi Aḥa, as it is taught** in a *baraita*: If the possessor **plowed** the field for **a year and sowed it** for **two** years, or if he **plowed it** for **two** years **and sowed it** for **a year,** it **is not** sufficient to establish the **presumption** of ownership. **Rabbi Aḥa says: This is** sufficient to establish the **presumption** of ownership, which indicates that he holds that plowing establishes the presumption of ownership.


###### Bava Batra 36b:3
[Bava Batra 36b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/36b:3)

אָמַר רַב אָשֵׁי: שְׁאֵלִית כׇּל גְּדוֹלֵי הַדּוֹר, וְאָמְרוּ לִי: נִיר – הֲרֵי זֶה חֲזָקָה. אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב בִּיבִי לְרַב נַחְמָן: מַאי טַעְמָא דְּמַאן דְּאָמַר: נִיר הָוֵי חֲזָקָה? לָא עֲבִיד אִינִישׁ דְּכָרְיבוּ לֵיהּ לְאַרְעֵיהּ – וְשָׁתֵיק. וּמַאי טַעְמָא דְּמַאן דְּאָמַר: נִיר לָא הָוֵי חֲזָקָה? מֵימָר אָמַר: כֹּל שִׁיבָּא וְשִׁיבָּא דִּכְרָבָא, לְעַיֵּיל בֵּיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Ashi said: I asked all** of the **great** men **of the generation** about this, **and they said to me:** With regard to **plowing, this is** sufficient to establish the **presumption** of ownership. **Rav Beivai said to Rav Naḥman: What is the reason of the one who says** that **plowing is** sufficient to establish the **presumption** of ownership? Rav Naḥman answered: **A person is not apt to** have **his land plowed** by someone else **and** remain **silent.** Rav Beivai asked: **And what is the reason of the one who says** that **plowing is not** sufficient to establish the **presumption** of ownership? Rav Naḥman answered: The owner **says** to himself: Let **each and every clump [*shibba*]** of earth **enter** the plow. That is to say, the owner is amenable to having someone else plow the land for him, and then he will sow and harvest.


###### Bava Batra 36b:4
[Bava Batra 36b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/36b:4)

שְׁלַחוּ לֵיהּ בְּנֵי פּוּם נַהֲרָא לְרַב נַחְמָן בַּר רַב חִסְדָּא: יְלַמְּדֵנוּ רַבֵּינוּ, נִירָא – הָוֵי חֲזָקָה, אוֹ לָא הָוֵי חֲזָקָה? אֲמַר לְהוּ, רַבִּי אַחָא וְכׇל גְּדוֹלֵי הַדּוֹר אָמְרִי: נִיר – הֲרֵי זֶה חֲזָקָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The **residents of Pum Nahara sent** a question **to Rav Naḥman bar Rav Ḥisda. Our teacher, instruct us: Is plowing** sufficient to establish the **presumption** of ownership, **or is** it **not** sufficient to establish the **presumption** of ownership? Rav Naḥman bar Rav Ḥisda **said to them: Rabbi Aḥa and all** of the **great** men **of the generation say:** With regard to **plowing, this is** sufficient to establish the **presumption** of ownership.


###### Bava Batra 36b:5
[Bava Batra 36b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/36b:5)

אָמַר רַב נַחְמָן בַּר יִצְחָק: רְבוּתָא לְמִיחְשַׁב גַּבְרֵי?! הָא רַב וּשְׁמוּאֵל בְּבָבֶל, וְרַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל וְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא בְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל, אָמְרִי: נִיר לָא הָוֵי חֲזָקָה!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Naḥman bar Yitzḥak said:** Is it **a novelty to enumerate** great **men** who maintain an opinion without taking into account that of others? **But** what of **Rav and Shmuel in Babylonia, and Rabbi Yishmael and Rabbi Akiva in Eretz Yisrael,** who **say: Plowing is not** sufficient to establish the **presumption** of ownership?


###### Bava Batra 36b:6
[Bava Batra 36b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/36b:6)

רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל וְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא – מַתְנִיתִין הִיא; רַב – מַאי הִיא? דְּאָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר רַב: זוֹ דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל וְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא, אֲבָל חֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים: חֶזְקָתָהּ שָׁלֹשׁ שָׁנִים מִיּוֹם לְיוֹם. ״מִיּוֹם לְיוֹם״ לְמַעוֹטֵי מַאי? לָאו לְמַעוֹטֵי נִיר – דְּלָא?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara presents the sources for ascribing to these Sages the opinion that plowing does not establish the presumption of ownership. The basis for ascribing it to **Rabbi Yishmael and Rabbi Akiva is the mishna,** as the Gemara explained above. **What is** the basis for ascribing this opinion to **Rav? As Rav Yehuda says** that **Rav says: This** ruling that either a month or three months is sufficient use for the first and third years is **the statement of Rabbi Yishmael and Rabbi Akiva, but the Rabbis,** whose opinion is accepted, **say:** With regard to a field, **its presumption** of ownership is established by **three years, from day to day.** The phrase: **From day to day,** serves **to exclude what?** Does it **not** serve **to exclude plowing, which does not** establish the presumption of ownership?


###### Bava Batra 36b:7
[Bava Batra 36b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/36b:7)

שְׁמוּאֵל – מַאי הִיא? דְּאָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: זוֹ דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל וְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא, אֲבָל חֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים: עַד שֶׁיִּגְדּוֹר שָׁלֹשׁ גְּדֵירוֹת, וְיִבְצוֹר שָׁלֹשׁ בְּצִירוֹת, וְיִמְסוֹק שָׁלֹשׁ מְסִיקוֹת. מַאי בֵּינַיְיהוּ? אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: דֶּקֶל נַעֲרָה אִיכָּא בֵּינַיְיהוּ – שֶׁעוֹשֶׂה שָׁלֹשׁ פְּעָמִים בְּשָׁנָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**What is** the basis for ascribing this opinion to **Shmuel? As Rav Yehuda says** that **Shmuel says: This** ruling that either a month or three months is sufficient use for the first and third years is **the statement of Rabbi Yishmael and Rabbi Akiva, but the Rabbis,** whose opinion is accepted, **say:** He does not establish the presumption of ownership **until** he **harvests three** date **crops, or harvests three** grape **crops, or harvests three** olive **crops.** This indicates that Shmuel holds that plowing does not establish the presumption of ownership. **What** is the difference **between** the opinions of Rav and Shmuel? **Abaye said:** The difference **between** their opinions is whether three harvests of **a young [*na’ara*] date tree, which produces** a crop **three times in** one **year,** establishes the presumption of ownership.


###### Bava Batra 36b:8
[Bava Batra 36b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/36b:8)

אָמַר רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל: בַּמֶּה דְּבָרִים אֲמוּרִים – בִּשְׂדֵה הַלָּבָן. אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: מִדְּרַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל נִשְׁמַע לְרַבָּנַן, הָיוּ לוֹ שְׁלֹשִׁים אִילָנוֹת – מִמַּטַּע עֲשָׂרָה לְבֵית סְאָה; אָכַל עֲשָׂרָה בְּשָׁנָה זוֹ, וַעֲשָׂרָה בְּשָׁנָה זוֹ, וַעֲשָׂרָה בְּשָׁנָה זוֹ – הֲרֵי זוֹ חֲזָקָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna teaches that **Rabbi Yishmael said: In what** case **is this statement,** that eighteen months are required to establish the presumption of ownership of a non-irrigated field, **said? With regard to a white field,** i.e., a grain field. But with regard to an orchard, harvesting three different crops suffices. **Abaye said: From** the opinion **of Rabbi Yishmael we infer** the proper understanding of a detail of the opinion of **the Rabbis** who disagree with him, and hold that three years of harvesting one crop is required to establish the presumption of ownership even with regard to an orchard: If **one had thirty trees** of one type in a field, and they were **planted** with a density of **ten trees per** each **area required for sowing one *se’a* of seed [*beit se’a*],** and one **consumed** the produce of **ten** trees **in this** first **year, and** of another **ten** trees **in this** second **year, and** of another **ten** trees **in this** third **year, this is** sufficient to establish the **presumption** of ownership.