## Bava Batra Daf 78a

###### Bava Batra 78a:1
[Bava Batra 78a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/78a:1)

וְכִי תֵּימָא בִּיטּוּל מִקָּח לְרַבָּנַן לֵית לְהוּ, וְלָא?! וְהָתְנַן, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: הַמּוֹכֵר סֵפֶר תּוֹרָה, בְּהֵמָה וּמַרְגָּלִית – אֵין לָהֶן אוֹנָאָה. אָמְרוּ לוֹ: לֹא אָמְרוּ אֶלָּא אֶת אֵלּוּ!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And if you would say** that **the Rabbis do not** hold that in a case of exploitation of less than one-sixth one must return the money and that if it was more than one-sixth there is **nullification of** the **transaction,** can it be maintained that they do **not** accept these *halakhot*? **But didn’t we learn** in a mishna (*Bava Metzia* 56b) that **Rabbi Yehuda says: Even** in the case of **one who sells a Torah scroll, an animal, or a pearl,** these items **are not** subject to the *halakhot* of **exploitation,** as they have no fixed price. The Rabbis **said to him:** The early Sages **stated** that **only these** items listed earlier in the mishna, i.e., land, slaves, and documents, are not subject to the *halakhot* of exploitation. Therefore, the Rabbis should agree that the sale of the yoke is nullified.


###### Bava Batra 78a:2
[Bava Batra 78a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/78a:2)

מַאי ״אֵין דָּמִים רְאָיָה״ נָמֵי דְּקָתָנֵי – דְּהָוֵי בִּיטּוּל מִקָּח. וְאִיבָּעֵית אֵימָא: כִּי אֲמוּר רַבָּנַן אוֹנָאָה וּבִיטּוּל מִקָּח – בִּכְדֵי שֶׁהַדַּעַת טוֹעָה, אֲבָל בִּכְדֵי שֶׁאֵין הַדַּעַת טוֹעָה – לָא; אֵימוֹר מַתָּנָה יְהַב לֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **What** is the meaning of the mishna **that teaches** that according to the opinion of the Rabbis **the** sum of **money is not proof?** This means **that the transaction is nullified. And if you wish, say** instead that the sale of the yoke is not nullified, because **when the Sages spoke** of **exploitation and the nullification of a transaction,** they meant that these *halakhot* apply only in a case **where** the difference in price is an amount about **which one could be mistaken** and believe that this is the correct price. **But when** the difference in price is so great a sum **that one could not be mistaken,** this sale is **not** subject to the *halakhot* of exploitation. In that case, one must **say** that the buyer **gave** the extra money **to** the seller as **a gift;** he could not have thought that this was the actual price of the object.


###### Bava Batra 78a:3
[Bava Batra 78a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/78a:3)

**מַתְנִי׳** הַמּוֹכֵר אֶת הַחֲמוֹר – לֹא מָכַר כֵּלָיו. נַחוּם הַמָּדִי אוֹמֵר: מָכַר כֵּלָיו. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: פְּעָמִים מְכוּרִין, פְּעָמִים אֵינָן מְכוּרִין – כֵּיצַד? הָיָה חֲמוֹר לְפָנָיו, וְכֵלָיו עָלָיו, וְאָמַר לוֹ: ״מְכוֹר לִי חֲמוֹרְךָ זֶה״ – הֲרֵי כֵּלָיו מְכוּרִין. ״חֲמוֹרְךָ הוּא״ – אֵין כֵּלָיו מְכוּרִין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** **One who sells a donkey has not sold its vessels,** i.e., its equipment, with it. **Naḥum the Mede says:** He has **sold its vessels. Rabbi Yehuda says:** There are **times** when the vessels **are sold,** and there are **times** when **they are not sold. How so? If the donkey was before him and its vessels** were **on it, and** the buyer **said to him: Sell me this donkey of yours, its vessels are sold.** If the buyer said to him: **Is the donkey yours;** I wish to purchase it, **its vessels are not sold.**


###### Bava Batra 78a:4
[Bava Batra 78a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/78a:4)

**גְּמָ׳** אָמַר עוּלָּא: מַחֲלוֹקֶת בְּשַׂק וְדִיסַקַּיָּא וְכוּמְנִי – דְּתַנָּא קַמָּא סָבַר: סְתָם חֲמוֹר לִרְכּוֹב קָאֵי, וְנַחוּם הַמָּדִי סָבַר: סְתָם חֲמוֹר לְמַשּׂאוֹי קָאֵי; אֲבָל אוּכָּף וּמַרְדַּעַת, קִילְקְלִי וַחֲבָק – דִּבְרֵי הַכֹּל מְכוּרִין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** **Ulla says:** The **dispute** in the mishna is referring **to** the donkey’s **sack and** the **saddlebag [*disakkaya*] and** the ***kumni*,** a term explained later in the Gemara. **As the first *tanna* holds: An ordinary donkey is** used primarily **for riding,** and therefore these articles, which are not used for riding but for carrying burdens, are not included in the sale. **And Naḥum the Mede holds: An ordinary donkey is** used **for carrying burdens,** and therefore the items that serve this purpose are sold along with the donkey. **But** with regard to **the saddle and the saddlecloth, the harness and the saddle band, everyone agrees** that **they are sold,** as they are used both for riding and for carrying burdens.


###### Bava Batra 78a:5
[Bava Batra 78a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/78a:5)

מֵיתִיבִי: ״חֲמוֹר וְכֵלָיו אֲנִי מוֹכֵר לָךְ״ – הֲרֵי זֶה מָכַר אֶת הָאוּכָּף, וְאֶת הַמַּרְדַּעַת, וְאֶת הַקִּילְקְלִי, וְאֶת הַחֲבָק. אֲבָל לֹא מָכַר שַׂק, וְדִיסַקַּיָּא, וְכוּמְנִי. וּבִזְמַן שֶׁאָמַר לוֹ: ״הִיא וְכֹל מַה שֶּׁעָלֶיהָ״ – הֲרֵי כּוּלָּן מְכוּרִין. טַעְמָא דְּאָמַר לֵיהּ: ״חֲמוֹר וְכֵלָיו״ – הוּא דְּקָנֵי אוּכָּף וּמַרְדַּעַת, הָא לָא אֲמַר לֵיהּ הָכִי – לָא!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara **raises an objection** from a *baraita*. If a seller says: **I am selling you a donkey and its vessels, this** one has **sold the saddle, and the saddlecloth, and the harness, and the saddle band. But he has not sold the sack, and the saddlebag, and the *kumni*. And when** the seller **said to** the buyer: I am selling **it and everything that is on it,** to you; the donkey and **all of these** items **are sold.** It can be inferred from here that the **reason that** the buyer **acquires the saddle and the saddlecloth** is **that** the seller **said to him:** I am selling you **a donkey and its vessels.** By inference, if the seller **did not say this,** the buyer does **not** acquire them.


###### Bava Batra 78a:6
[Bava Batra 78a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/78a:6)

הוּא הַדִּין דְּאַף עַל גַּב דְּלָא אֲמַר לֵיהּ ״חֲמוֹר וְכֵלָיו״ – נָמֵי אוּכָּף וּמַרְדַּעַת מְכוּרִין; וְהָא קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן – דְּאַף עַל גַּב דַּאֲמַר לֵיהּ: ״חֲמוֹר וְכֵלָיו״ – שַׂק וְדִיסַקַּיָּא וְכוּמְנִי לָא קָנֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **The same is true even if** the seller **did not say to him:** I am selling you **a donkey and its vessels.** In that case **as well, the saddle and the saddlecloth are sold. And this** is what the *baraita* **teaches us: That even though** the seller **said to him:** I am selling you **a donkey and its vessels,** the buyer still **does not acquire** the **sack and** the **saddlebag and** the ***kumni*.**


###### Bava Batra 78a:7
[Bava Batra 78a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/78a:7)

מַאי ״וְכוּמְנִי״? אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא בַּר שְׁמוּאֵל: מַרְכַּבְתָּא דְנָשֵׁי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara inquires: **What** is the meaning of: **And** the ***kumni*? Rav Pappa bar Shmuel said:** This is the **saddle** used **by women.**


###### Bava Batra 78a:8
[Bava Batra 78a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/78a:8)

אִיבַּעְיָא לְהוּ: בְּעוֹדָן עָלָיו מַחֲלוֹקֶת, אֲבָל בְּשֶׁאֵינָן עָלָיו – מוֹדֵה לְהוּ נַחוּם הַמָּדִי; אוֹ דִלְמָא, בְּשֶׁאֵינָן עָלָיו מַחֲלוֹקֶת, אֲבָל בְּעוֹדָן עָלָיו – מוֹדוּ לֵיהּ רַבָּנַן לְנָחוּם? תָּא שְׁמַע: וּבִזְמַן שֶׁאָמַר לוֹ: ״הוּא וְכֹל מַה שֶּׁעָלָיו״ – הֲרֵי כּוּלָּן מְכוּרִין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**A dilemma was raised before** the Sages: Does this **dispute** apply only to a case **where** the vessels **are on** the donkey, **but when** the vessels **are not on** the donkey, **Naḥum the Mede concedes to** the Rabbis that they are not sold? **Or perhaps** the **dispute** applies **to** a case **where** the vessels **are not on** the donkey, **but when** the vessels **are on** the donkey **the Rabbis concede to Naḥum** that the vessels are sold. The Gemara suggests: **Come** and **hear** a proof from the aforementioned *baraita*: **And when** the seller **said to** the buyer: I am selling **it and everything that is on it,** the donkey and **all of these** items **are sold.** In this case, the vessels are on the donkey, and everything is sold.


###### Bava Batra 78a:9
[Bava Batra 78a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/78a:9)

אִי אָמְרַתְּ בִּשְׁלָמָא בְּעוֹדָן עָלָיו מַחְלוֹקֶת, הָא מַנִּי – רַבָּנַן הִיא. אֶלָּא אִי אָמְרַתְּ בְּשֶׁאֵין עוֹדָן עָלָיו מַחְלוֹקֶת, אֲבָל בְּעוֹדָן עָלָיו – דִּבְרֵי הַכֹּל מְכוּרִין; הָא מַנִּי?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Granted, if you say** that the **dispute** applies **when** the vessels **are on** the donkey, in accordance with **whose** opinion **is this** ruling? **It is** the opinion of **the Rabbis** that although in general one does not acquire the vessels, if the seller explicitly says that he is selling the donkey and everything on it, the buyer acquires it all. **But if you say that** the **dispute** applies **when** the vessels **are not on** the donkey, **but when** the vessels **are on** the donkey **everyone agrees** that **they are sold,** in accordance with **whose** opinion **is this** ruling? Even according to the opinion of the Rabbis there is no need to say explicitly that he is selling everything.


###### Bava Batra 78a:10
[Bava Batra 78a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/78a:10)

לְעוֹלָם בְּשֶׁאֵין עוֹדָן עָלָיו מַחְלוֹקֶת, וְרַבָּנַן הִיא; וְאֵימָא: וּבִזְמַן שֶׁאָמַר לוֹ: ״הוּא וְכֹל מַה שֶּׁרָאוּי לִהְיוֹת עָלָיו״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **Actually,** the **dispute** applies **when** the vessels **are not on** the donkey, **and** the *baraita* **is** in accordance with the opinion of **the Rabbis, and** the language of the *baraita* should be emended to **say: And when he said to him:** I am selling **it and everything that is fit to be on it,** i.e., those items usually found on a donkey, everything is sold.


###### Bava Batra 78a:11
[Bava Batra 78a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Batra/r/78a:11)

תָּא שְׁמַע, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: פְּעָמִים מְכוּרִין, פְּעָמִים שֶׁאֵינָן מְכוּרִין. מַאי, לָאו אַמַּאי דְּקָאָמַר תַּנָּא קַמָּא קָאֵי רַבִּי יְהוּדָה? לָא, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara suggests another proof: **Come** and **hear** a solution from the mishna. **Rabbi Yehuda says:** There are **times** when the vessels **are sold,** and there are **times when they are not sold. What, is it not** the case **that Rabbi Yehuda is referring to that which the first *tanna* said?** If so, the dispute between the Rabbis and Naḥum the Mede must be referring to a case where the vessels are on the donkey, as Rabbi Yehuda addresses the same set of circumstances. The Gemara rejects this proof: **No, Rabbi Yehuda**