## Bava Kamma Daf 47a

###### Bava Kamma 47a:1
[Bava Kamma 47a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/47a:1)

לֵיתַהּ לְפָרָה – מִשְׁתַּלֵּם רְבִיעַ נֶזֶק מִוָּלָד.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
if **the cow is not** here, e.g., it went astray, only **one-quarter of** the cost of **the damage is reimbursed from the offspring.**


###### Bava Kamma 47a:2
[Bava Kamma 47a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/47a:2)

טַעְמָא דְּלָא יָדְעִינַן אִי הֲוָה וָלָד בַּהֲדַהּ כִּי נְגַחָה, אִי לָא הֲוָה; אֲבָל אִי פְּשִׁיטָא לַן דַּהֲוָה וָלָד בַּהֲדַהּ כִּי נְגַחָה – מִשְׁתַּלֵּם כּוּלֵּיהּ חֲצִי נֶזֶק מִוָּלָד;

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara infers: According to Rava, **the reason** for paying only one-quarter of the cost of the damage is **that we do not know if the offspring was with it,** as a fetus, **when** the cow **gored or whether it was not. But** if it **is obvious to us that the offspring was with it** as a fetus **when it gored, the full** amount of **half** the cost of **the damage may be reimbursed from the offspring** if the cow is not there.


###### Bava Kamma 47a:3
[Bava Kamma 47a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/47a:3)

רָבָא לְטַעְמֵיהּ, דְּאָמַר רָבָא: פָּרָה שֶׁהִזִּיקָה – גּוֹבֶה מִוְּלָדָהּ. מַאי טַעְמָא? גּוּפַהּ הִיא. תַּרְנְגוֹלֶת שֶׁהִזִּיקָה – אֵינוֹ גּוֹבֶה מִבֵּיצָתָהּ. מַאי טַעְמָא? פִּירְשָׁא בְּעָלְמָא הוּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara comments: In this respect, **Rava** conforms **to his** line of **reasoning, as Rava says:** In the case of **a cow that caused damage** while pregnant, the injured party **collects** compensation **from its offspring,** i.e., the offspring that had been a fetus at the time of the goring. **What is the reason?** It is because **it is** considered an integral part of **its body** and therefore may be used to collect payment. By contrast, in the case of **a hen that caused damage,** the injured party **does not collect** compensation **from its egg.** Payment can be collected only from the body of the hen. **What is the reason?** The egg **is simply a secretion** and not an integral part of the hen’s body.


###### Bava Kamma 47a:4
[Bava Kamma 47a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/47a:4)

וְאָמַר רָבָא: אֵין שָׁמִין לַפָּרָה בִּפְנֵי עַצְמָהּ וְלַוָּלָד בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ, אֶלָּא שָׁמִין לַוָּלָד עַל גַּב פָּרָה. שֶׁאִם אִי אַתָּה אוֹמֵר כֵּן – נִמְצָא אַתָּה מַכְחִישׁ אֶת הַמַּזִּיק.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **And Rava** also **says:** When assessing the damage inflicted by a goring ox on a cow whose newborn calf is found dead by its side, the court **does not appraise** the damage **to the cow by itself and** the damage **to the offspring by itself. Rather,** the court **appraises the offspring together with the cow** and evaluates the overall damage inflicted on the pregnant cow, which will be slightly less than it would be with two separate evaluations. The reason for this is **that if you do not say this, you** will be **found** to have ultimately **weakened the one liable for damage** by inflicting a loss on him, as the market value of a newborn calf is greater than the difference in market value between a pregnant cow and one that is not pregnant.


###### Bava Kamma 47a:5
[Bava Kamma 47a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/47a:5)

וְכֵן אַתָּה מוֹצֵא בְּקוֹטֵעַ יַד עַבְדּוֹ שֶׁל חֲבֵירוֹ. וְכֵן אַתָּה מוֹצֵא בְּמַזִּיק שָׂדֶה שֶׁל חֲבֵירוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And similarly, you find** this principle in a case **where** someone **severed the hand of another’s slave.** The difference in value between a slave with a hand and a slave without a hand is assessed, rather than determining how much money the owner would request in exchange for allowing the hand of his slave to be cut off. **And similarly, you** also **find** this principle in a case **of one who causes damage** to part of **another’s field.** The court appraises not the garden bed that was eaten or trampled, but the depreciation in value of the bed as part of the surrounding area. This results in a smaller payment, as the damage appears less significant in the context of a larger area.


###### Bava Kamma 47a:6
[Bava Kamma 47a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/47a:6)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב אַחָא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרָבָא לְרַב אָשֵׁי: וְאִי דִּינָא הוּא, לִיכְחוֹשׁ מַזִּיק!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Aḥa, son of Rava, said to Rav Ashi:** The main reason invoked by Rava is that otherwise you will be found to have ultimately weakened the one liable for damage. **But if this is the *halakha*** of assessing the damage, then **let the one liable for damage be weakened** by losing money.


###### Bava Kamma 47a:7
[Bava Kamma 47a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/47a:7)

מִשּׁוּם דַּאֲמַר לֵיהּ: פָּרָה מְעַבַּרְתָּא אַזֵּיקְתָּךְ, פָּרָה מְעַבַּרְתָּא שָׁיֵימְנָא לָךְ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Ashi answered: This is **because** the one liable for damage **can say to him: I caused damage** to **you** through injuring **a pregnant cow,** and so **I am assessing** the value of **a pregnant cow for you.** Therefore, it is not correct to evaluate separately the damage to the cow and the damage to the offspring.


###### Bava Kamma 47a:8
[Bava Kamma 47a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/47a:8)

פְּשִׁיטָא, פָּרָה דְּחַד וּוָלָד דְּחַד – פִּיטְמָא לְבַעַל פָּרָה. נִפְחָא מַאי? רַב פָּפָּא אָמַר: לְבַעַל פָּרָה, רַב אַחָא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב אִיקָא אָמַר: חוֹלְקִין. וְהִלְכְתָא: חוֹלְקִין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises a question: It **is obvious** that in a case where **the cow** belonged **to one** person **and the offspring** belonged **to another** that the compensation for the cow’s loss of **fat** is paid **to the owner of the cow.** The additional value that the cow had due to the fact that it was fatter due to the pregnancy is paid to the owner of the cow. The question is: **What** is the *halakha* concerning the cow’s **bulk?** There is an increase in value of a pregnant cow that is attributed to its improved appearance, which results from its carrying a fetus. Who is considered the injured party with regard to that sum? **Rav Pappa said:** This too belongs **to the owner of the cow,** whereas **Rav Aḥa, son of Rav Ika, said: They divide** the restitution. **And the *halakha*** is that **they divide** the restitution.


###### Bava Kamma 47a:9
[Bava Kamma 47a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/47a:9)

**מַתְנִי׳** הַקַּדָּר שֶׁהִכְנִיס קְדֵרוֹתָיו לַחֲצַר בַּעַל הַבַּיִת שֶׁלֹּא בִּרְשׁוּת, וְשִׁבְּרָתַן בְּהֶמְתּוֹ שֶׁל בַּעַל הַבַּיִת – פָּטוּר. וְאִם הוּזְּקָה בָּהֶן – בַּעַל הַקְּדֵרוֹת חַיָּיב. וְאִם הִכְנִיס בִּרְשׁוּת – בַּעַל הֶחָצֵר חַיָּיב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** In the case of **a potter who brought his pots into a homeowner’s courtyard without permission, and the homeowner’s animal broke** the pots, the homeowner is **exempt. If** the owner’s animal **was injured by** the pots, **the owner of the pots is liable. But if** the potter **brought** them **inside with permission, the owner of the courtyard is liable** if his animal caused damage to the pots.


###### Bava Kamma 47a:10
[Bava Kamma 47a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/47a:10)

הִכְנִיס פֵּירוֹתָיו לַחֲצַר בַּעַל הַבַּיִת שֶׁלֹּא בִּרְשׁוּת, וַאֲכָלָתַן בְּהֶמְתּוֹ שֶׁל בַּעַל הַבַּיִת – פָּטוּר. וְאִם הוּזְּקָה בָּהֶן – בַּעַל הַפֵּירוֹת חַיָּיב. וְאִם הִכְנִיס בִּרְשׁוּת – בַּעַל הֶחָצֵר חַיָּיב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Similarly, if someone **brought his produce into the homeowner’s courtyard without permission, and the homeowner’s animal ate them,** the homeowner is **exempt. If** his animal was **injured by them,** e.g., if it slipped on them, **the owner of the produce is liable. But if he brought** his produce **inside with permission, the owner of the courtyard is liable** for the damage caused by his animal to them.


###### Bava Kamma 47a:11
[Bava Kamma 47a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/47a:11)

הִכְנִיס שׁוֹרוֹ לַחֲצַר בַּעַל הַבַּיִת שֶׁלֹּא

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Similarly, if one **brought his ox into the homeowner’s courtyard without**