## Bava Kamma Daf 59b

###### Bava Kamma 59b:1
[Bava Kamma 59b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/59b:1)

הֲוָה סָיֵים מְסָאנֵי אוּכָּמֵי, וְקָאֵי בְּשׁוּקָא דִנְהַרְדְּעָא. אַשְׁכְּחוּהּ דְּבֵי רֵישׁ גָּלוּתָא וַאֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ: מַאי שְׁנָא הָנֵי מְסָאנֵי? אֲמַר לְהוּ: דְּקָא מִאֲבִילְנָא אַיְּרוּשָׁלַיִם. אֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ: אַתְּ חֲשִׁיבַתְּ לְאִיתְאֲבוֹלֵי אַיְּרוּשָׁלַיִם? סְבוּר יוּהֲרָא הֲוָה, אַתְיוּהּ וְחַבְשׁוּהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**was wearing black shoes,** unlike the Jewish custom of that time, **and standing in the market of Neharde’a.** Officials **of the house of the Exilarch found him and said to him: What is different** about you that causes you to wear **these shoes? He said to them:** I am wearing them **because I am in mourning over** the destruction of the Temple and **Jerusalem,** and so I wear black shoes, as is the custom of mourners. **They said to him: Are you** a man of such **importance to** publicly **mourn over Jerusalem? They thought that it was** simply **presumptuousness** on his part. Since he was acting against the prevalent Jewish custom, **they brought him** to the prison **and incarcerated him.**


###### Bava Kamma 59b:2
[Bava Kamma 59b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/59b:2)

אֲמַר לְהוּ: גַּבְרָא רַבָּה אֲנָא. אֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ: מְנָא יָדְעִינַן? אֲמַר לְהוּ: אוֹ אַתּוּן בְּעוֹ מִינַּאי מִילְּתָא, אוֹ אֲנָא אִיבְעֵי מִינַּיְיכוּ מִילְּתָא. אֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ: בְּעִי אַתְּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Eliezer Ze’eira **said to them: I am a great man,** a scholar, and it is fitting for me to mourn publicly over the destruction of Jerusalem. **They said to him: How do we know** that you are a scholar? **He said to them: Either you ask of me a matter** of *halakha* and I will answer you, **or I will ask you a matter** of *halakha* and you will answer me. **They said to him: You ask.**


###### Bava Kamma 59b:3
[Bava Kamma 59b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/59b:3)

אֲמַר לְהוּ: הַאי מַאן דְּקַץ כּוּפְרָא, מַאי מְשַׁלֵּם? אֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ: מְשַׁלֵּם דְּמֵי כוּפְרָא. וְהָא הֲווֹ תַּמְרֵי! אֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ: מְשַׁלֵּם דְּמֵי תַמְרֵי. אֲמַר לְהוּ: וְהָא לָאו תַּמְרֵי שְׁקַל מִינֵּיהּ!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**He said to them:** With regard to **one who cuts** a cluster of flowers on **the stem** of a date palm belonging to another, **what** is he required to **pay? They said to him: He pays the value of the** date **stem.** He said to them: **But** ultimately **they will become** ripe **dates,** which are worth more. **They said to him:** If so, **he pays the value of** the future **dates. He said to them: But he did not take** ripe **dates from** the other person, so how can the court obligate him to pay for damage that he did not cause?


###### Bava Kamma 59b:4
[Bava Kamma 59b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/59b:4)

אֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ: אֵימָא לַן אַתְּ. אֲמַר לְהוּ: בְּשִׁשִּׁים. אֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ: מַאן אָמַר כְּווֹתָיךְ? אֲמַר לְהוּ: הָא שְׁמוּאֵל חַי וּבֵית דִּינוֹ קַיָּים. שַׁדַּרוּ קַמֵּיהּ דִּשְׁמוּאֵל, אָמַר לְהוּ: שַׁפִּיר קָאָמַר לְכוּ בְּשִׁשִּׁים, וְשַׁבְקוּהּו.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**They said to** Eliezer Ze’eira: **You tell us** the correct appraisal for the date stem. **He said to them:** The court appraises the damage relative to a similar piece of land **sixty** times the size. **They said to him: Who says** an opinion **as you** do, so that you can prove you are correct? **He said to them: Shmuel is alive and his court exists;** you can ask him. **They sent** the question **before Shmuel,** together with the ruling of Eliezer Ze’eira. Shmuel **said to them: He is saying well to you,** because the *halakha* is as he says; the appraisal is **relative to** an area **sixty** times greater. Upon hearing this, the officials of the Exilarch realized that he was a great man **and they released him.**


###### Bava Kamma 59b:5
[Bava Kamma 59b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/59b:5)

רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר: אָכְלָה פֵּירוֹת גְּמוּרִים כּוּ׳. מַאי טַעְמָא? הָא דְּאָמַר רַחֲמָנָא ״וּבִעֵר בִּשְׂדֵה אַחֵר״ – מְלַמֵּד שֶׁשָּׁמִין עַל גַּב הַשָּׂדֶה, הָנֵי מִילֵּי מִידֵּי דִּצְרִיךְ לְשָׂדֶה; הָנֵי, כֵּיוָן דְּלָא צְרִיכִי לְשָׂדֶה – בְּעֵינַיְיהוּ בָּעֵי שַׁלּוֹמֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna (55b) teaches that **Rabbi Shimon says:** If the animal **ate ripe produce,** the owner pays the value of the ripe produce eaten. **What is the reason** for Rabbi Shimon’s opinion? **This that the Merciful One states** in the Torah: **“And it feed in another’s field”** (Exodus 22:4), which **teaches that** the court **appraises** the damage **relative to** another **field, this statement** applies specifically with regard to **produce** that **requires a field** to grow. For one’s animal eating this **produce, which do not require the field** in order to ripen further, the animal’s owner **must pay** their value **as they are.**


###### Bava Kamma 59b:6
[Bava Kamma 59b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/59b:6)

אָמַר רַב הוּנָא בַּר חִיָּיא אָמַר רַבִּי יִרְמְיָה בַּר אַבָּא: דָּן רַב כְּרַבִּי מֵאִיר, וּפְסַק הִלְכְתָא כְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Huna bar Ḥiyya says** that **Rabbi Yirmeya bar Abba says: Rav judged** a practical *halakha* on a certain issue **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Meir,** despite the fact that in general the *halakha* is not in accordance with his opinion. **And** furthermore, **he ruled** that **the *halakha*** is **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Shimon,** even though in that case his was a minority opinion.


###### Bava Kamma 59b:7
[Bava Kamma 59b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/59b:7)

דָּן רַב כְּרַבִּי מֵאִיר – דְּתַנְיָא: כָּתַב לָרִאשׁוֹן וְלֹא חָתְמָה לוֹ, לַשֵּׁנִי וְחָתְמָה לוֹ – אִבְּדָה כְּתוּבָּתָהּ, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, יְכוֹלָה הִיא שֶׁתֹּאמַר: נַחַת רוּחַ עָשִׂיתִי לְבַעְלִי, אַתֶּם מָה לָכֶם עָלַי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Huna bar Ḥiyya explains: **Rav judged** a practical *halakha* **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Meir, as it is taught** in a *baraita*: In the case of a field designated by its owner as a lien for his wife’s marriage contract, which he subsequently wants to sell, if **he wrote** a document of sale **to a first** buyer, **but** his wife **did not sign for him** to endorse the sale, and subsequently the husband wrote a document of sale **to a second** buyer, **and** his wife **signed for him, she** thereby **loses** the lien of **her marriage contract,** since the sale is effective and she can no longer collect from this field; this is **the statement of Rabbi Meir. Rabbi Yehuda says** that **she can say: I did** it only to **please my husband,** but I did not mean it and never intended to forgo my rights. **What** claim **do you,** the purchasers, **have against me?** Therefore, the lien is still in effect. Rav judged a case in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Meir.


###### Bava Kamma 59b:8
[Bava Kamma 59b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/59b:8)

וּפְסַק הִלְכְתָא כְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן – כִּי הָא דִּתְנַן, רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר: אָכְלָה פֵּירוֹת גְּמוּרִין – מְשַׁלֶּמֶת פֵּירוֹת גְּמוּרִין; אִם סְאָה – סְאָה, אִם סָאתַיִם – סָאתַיִם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And** Rav **ruled** that **the *halakha*** is **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Shimon, as we learned** in the mishna: **Rabbi Shimon says:** If one’s animal **ate ripe produce,** the owner **pays** the value of **ripe produce** eaten. Therefore, **if** it ate **one *se’a*** of produce, he pays the value of **one *se’a*** of produce, and **if** it ate **two *se’a*,** he pays for **two *se’a*.** Although Rabbi Shimon’s opinion is the minority one, Rav ruled in accordance with it.


###### Bava Kamma 59b:9
[Bava Kamma 59b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/59b:9)

**מַתְנִי׳** הַמַּגְדִּישׁ בְּתוֹךְ שְׂדֵה חֲבֵירוֹ שֶׁלֹּא בִּרְשׁוּת, וַאֲכָלָתַן בְּהֶמְתּוֹ שֶׁל בַּעַל הַשָּׂדֶה – פָּטוּר. וְאִם הוּזְּקָה בָּהֶן – בַּעַל הַגָּדִישׁ חַיָּיב. וְאִם הִגְדִּישׁ בִּרְשׁוּת – בַּעַל הַשָּׂדֶה חַיָּיב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** In a case of **one who stacks** his produce **in another’s field without permission** from the owner of that field, **and an animal belonging to the owner of the field eats** the produce, the owner of the field is **exempt. And if** the animal **is injured by** the produce, **the owner of the stack** is **liable. But if he stacked** them in that field **with permission, the owner of the field** is **liable** for damage caused to the produce.


###### Bava Kamma 59b:10
[Bava Kamma 59b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/59b:10)

**גְּמָ׳** לֵימָא תְּנַן דְּלָא כְּרַבִּי? דְּאִי כְּרַבִּי, הָאָמַר: עַד שֶׁיְּקַבֵּל עָלָיו בַּעַל הַבַּיִת לִשְׁמוֹר! אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא: הָכָא – בְּנָטַר בֵּי דָרֵי עָסְקִינַן, דְּכֵיוָן דַּאֲמַר לֵיהּ: ״עַיֵּיל וּגְדוֹשׁ״ – ״עַיֵּיל וְאֶנְטַר לָךְ״ הוּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** The Gemara asks: **Shall we say** that **that which we learned** in the mishna **is not in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi? **As, if** the mishna were **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi, **doesn’t he say:** A homeowner who gives another permission to bring items into his courtyard is not responsible for them **unless the homeowner accepts on himself to safeguard** them? The mishna does not mention any such acceptance of responsibility. **Rav Pappa said: Here we are dealing with the supervisor of the threshing floors,** to whom people would entrust their produce. **As, since the supervisor says** to the owner of the produce: **Bring** it **in and stack** it, it is as though he had said to him: **Bring** it **in and I will supervise** it **for you.**


###### Bava Kamma 59b:11
[Bava Kamma 59b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/59b:11)

**מַתְנִי׳** הַשּׁוֹלֵחַ אֶת הַבְּעֵרָה בְּיַד חֵרֵשׁ שׁוֹטֶה וְקָטָן – פָּטוּר בְּדִינֵי אָדָם, וְחַיָּיב בְּדִינֵי שָׁמַיִם. שִׁלַּח בְּיַד פִּקֵּחַ – הַפִּקֵּחַ חַיָּיב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** **One who sends a fire,** i.e., places a burning object, **in the hand of a deaf-mute, an imbecile, or a minor** is **exempt** for any damage later caused by the fire **according to human laws but liable according to the laws of Heaven.** If **he sent** it **in the hand of a** halakhically **competent** person, **the** halakhically **competent** person is **liable,** not the one who sent him.


###### Bava Kamma 59b:12
[Bava Kamma 59b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/59b:12)

אֶחָד הֵבִיא אֶת הָאוּר וְאֶחָד הֵבִיא אֶת הָעֵצִים – הַמֵּבִיא אֶת הָעֵצִים חַיָּיב. אֶחָד הֵבִיא אֶת הָעֵצִים וְאֶחָד הֵבִיא אֶת הָאוּר – הַמֵּבִיא אֶת הָאוּר חַיָּיב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
If **one** person **brought the fire, and one** other person subsequently **brought the wood,** causing the fire to spread, **the one who brought the wood** is **liable** for any damage caused. Conversely, if **one** person first **brought the wood, and** subsequently **one** other person **brought the fire, the one who brought the fire** is **liable,** since it was he who actually kindled the wood.


###### Bava Kamma 59b:13
[Bava Kamma 59b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/59b:13)

בָּא אַחֵר וְלִיבָּה – הַמְלַבֶּה חַיָּיב. לִיבְּתָה הָרוּחַ – כּוּלָּן פְּטוּרִין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
If **another came and fanned** the flame, and as a result the fire spread and caused damage, **the one who fanned it** is **liable,** since he is the proximate cause of the damage. If **the wind fanned** the flames, **all** the people involved are **exempt,** since none of them actually caused the damage.


###### Bava Kamma 59b:14
[Bava Kamma 59b:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/59b:14)

**גְּמָ׳** אָמַר רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ מִשְּׁמֵיהּ דְּחִזְקִיָּה: לֹא שָׁנוּ אֶלָּא שֶׁמָּסַר לוֹ גַּחֶלֶת וְלִיבָּהּ, אֲבָל מָסַר לוֹ שַׁלְהֶבֶת – חַיָּיב, מַאי טַעְמָא? מַעֲשָׂיו קָא גָרְמוּ לוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** **Reish Lakish says in the name of Ḥizkiyya: They taught** that one who sends fire in the hand of a deaf-mute, an imbecile, or a minor is exempt **only when he conveyed to him** a glowing **coal and** one of these people **fanned** it himself and set it alight. **But** if one **conveyed a torch to** a deaf-mute, imbecile, or minor, the one who gave it to him is **liable. What is the reason** for this *halakha*? **The action** of the one who gave it to him directly **caused** the fire to spread.


###### Bava Kamma 59b:15
[Bava Kamma 59b:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/59b:15)

וְרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר: אֲפִילּוּ מָסַר לוֹ שַׁלְהֶבֶת – פָּטוּר, מַאי טַעְמָא? צְבָתָא דְחֵרֵשׁ גָּרְמָה לוֹ. וְלָא מִחַיַּיב עַד שֶׁיִּמְסוֹר לוֹ גְּווֹזָא,

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And Rabbi Yoḥanan says: Even** if **he conveyed a torch to him,** he is **exempt. What is the reason?** It is the **tongs of the deaf-mute that caused** the damage, since torches do not cause fires on their own. **And** the one who gives dangerous objects to a deaf-mute is **not rendered liable** for the damage caused, **unless he conveys branches [*gavza*] to him**