## Bava Kamma Daf 81a

###### Bava Kamma 81a:1
[Bava Kamma 81a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/81a:1)

שֶׁיְּהוּ מַרְעִין בָּחוֹרָשִׁין; וּמְלַקְּטִין עֵצִים בִּשְׂדוֹתֵיהֶם; וּמְלַקְּטִים עֲשָׂבִים בְּכׇל מָקוֹם – חוּץ מִתִּלְתָּן; וְקוֹטְמִים נְטִיעוֹת בְּכׇל מָקוֹם – חוּץ מִגְּרוֹפִיּוֹת שֶׁל זַיִת; וּמַעְיָן הַיּוֹצֵא בַּתְּחִילָּה – בְּנֵי הָעִיר מִסְתַּפְּקִין מִמֶּנּוּ; וּמְחַכִּין בְּיַמָּהּ שֶׁל טְבֶרְיָא, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יִפְרוֹס קֶלַע וְיַעֲמִיד אֶת הַסְּפִינָה;

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The conditions are **that** people **shall** have the right to **graze** their animals **in forests,** even on private property; **and** that **they** shall have the right to **gather wood from** each other’s **fields,** to be used as animal fodder; **and** that **they** shall have the right to **gather** wild **vegetation** for animal fodder in any place **except for** a field of **fenugreek; and** that **they** shall have the right to **pluck off a shoot anywhere** for propagation and planting, **except for olive shoots; and** that **the people of the city** shall have the right to **take supplies** of water from a spring on private property, even **from a spring that emerges for the first time; and** that **they** shall have the right to **fish in the Sea of Tiberias,** i.e., the Sea of Galilee, **provided that** the fisherman **does not build an** underwater **fence** to catch fish, thereby **causing an impediment to boats.**


###### Bava Kamma 81a:2
[Bava Kamma 81a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/81a:2)

וְנִפְנִין לַאֲחוֹרֵי הַגָּדֵר, וַאֲפִילּוּ בְּשָׂדֶה מְלֵיאָה כַּרְכּוֹם; וּמְהַלְּכִים בִּשְׁבִילֵי הָרְשׁוּת, עַד שֶׁתֵּרֵד רְבִיעָה שְׁנִיָּה; וּמִסְתַּלְּקִין לְצִידֵּי הַדְּרָכִים מִפְּנֵי יְתֵידוֹת הַדְּרָכִים; וְהַתּוֹעֶה בֵּין הַכְּרָמִים – מְפַסֵּיג וְעוֹלֶה מְפַסֵּיג וְיוֹרֵד; וּמֵת מִצְוָה קוֹנֶה מְקוֹמוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The *baraita* continues the list of Joshua’s ten conditions: **And** people shall have the right to **relieve themselves** outdoors **behind a fence, even in a field** that is **full of saffron [*karkom*]; and they** shall have the right to **walk in permitted paths,** i.e., those paths that cut through a private field, throughout the summer **until the second rainfall,** when crops begin to sprout; **and they** shall have the right to **veer off to the sides of the roads** onto private property **because of hard protrusions [*yeteidot*] of the road; and one who becomes lost among the vineyards** shall have the right to **cut down branches and enter** an area of the vineyard, or **cut down branches and exit** an area of the vineyard, until he finds his way back to the road; **and** that **a corpse with no one to bury it [*met mitzva*] acquires its place** and is buried where it was found.


###### Bava Kamma 81a:3
[Bava Kamma 81a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/81a:3)

שֶׁיְּהוּ מַרְעִין בָּחוֹרָשִׁין. אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא: לָא אֲמַרַן אֶלָּא דַּקָּה בְּגַסָּה, אֲבָל דַּקָּה בְּדַקָּה וְגַסָּה בְּגַסָּה – לָא. וְכׇל שֶׁכֵּן גַּסָּה בְּדַקָּה דְּלָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The first condition mentioned in the *baraita* is **that** people shall have the right to **graze** their animals **in forests. Rav Pappa said: We said** this **only** with regard to **small** domesticated animals, i.e., sheep or goats, that graze **in** a forest of **large** trees. Small animals grazing in a forest of this kind would not destroy it. **But** in the case of **small** animals grazing **in** a forest with **small** growth, or **large** animals, e.g., oxen, grazing **in** a forest of **large** trees, these practices are **not** permitted, as in either of these scenarios the practice would destroy the forest. **And, all the more so,** it is understood **that large** animals grazing **in** a forest with **small** growth is **not** permitted.


###### Bava Kamma 81a:4
[Bava Kamma 81a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/81a:4)

וּמְלַקְּטִין עֵצִים מִשְּׂדוֹתֵיהֶם. לָא אֲמַרַן אֶלָּא בְּהִיזְמֵי וְהִיגֵי, אֲבָל בִּשְׁאָר עֵצִים – לָא. וַאֲפִילּוּ בְּהִיזְמֵי וְהִיגֵי – לָא אֲמַרַן אֶלָּא בִּמְחוּבָּרִין, אֲבָל בִּתְלוּשִׁין – לָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara discusses the next condition mentioned in the *baraita*: **And** that **they** shall have the right to **gather wood from** each other’s **fields,** to be used as animal fodder. The Gemara comments: **We said** this **only with regard to** twigs of **thorns and shrubs,** as the field’s owner does not care about these. **But** with regard to **other** types of **wood,** it is **not** permitted. **And even with regard to** twigs of **thorns and shrubs, we said** this **only when** they are **attached** to the ground. **But when** they have been **detached** by the owner it is **not** permitted, as he has already claimed them for himself.


###### Bava Kamma 81a:5
[Bava Kamma 81a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/81a:5)

וַאֲפִילּוּ בִּמְחוּבָּרִין – לָא אֲמַרַן אֶלָּא בְּלַחִין, אֲבָל בִּיבֵשִׁין – לָא. וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יְשָׁרֵשׁ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And even when** they are **attached we said** this **only when** the twigs are still **moist, but when** they are completely **dry** it is **not** permitted, as the owner requires these for firewood. Moreover, it is permitted only **provided that one does not uproot** the thorn bush or shrub from the ground, but it is prohibited to pull them out with their roots.


###### Bava Kamma 81a:6
[Bava Kamma 81a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/81a:6)

וּמְלַקְּטִין עֲשָׂבִים בְּכׇל מָקוֹם, חוּץ מִשְּׂדֵה תִּלְתָּן. לְמֵימְרָא דְּתִלְתָּן מְעַלּוּ לַהּ עֲשָׂבִים? וּרְמִינְהִי: תִּלְתָּן שֶׁעָלְתָה עִם מִינֵי עֲשָׂבִים – אֵין מְחַיְּיבִין אוֹתוֹ לַעֲקוֹר!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara further discusses Joshua’s conditions: **And** that **they** shall have the right to **gather** wild **vegetation** for animal fodder in any place **except for** a field of **fenugreek.** The Gemara asks: Is this **to say that** wild **vegetation is good for fenugreek,** and therefore the owner wants it to be left in his field? The Gemara **raises a contradiction** from a mishna that deals with diverse kinds (*Kilayim* 2:5): With regard to **fenugreek that sprouted alongside** various **types of** wild **vegetation, one is not required to uproot** the vegetation. Although it is generally prohibited to grow different species of vegetables together in one patch, if the species have a negative impact on each other’s growth, it is not prohibited. In this case the wild vegetation may be left alongside the fenugreek because it is harmful to it, and the *halakhot* of diverse kinds do not apply in a case of this kind.


###### Bava Kamma 81a:7
[Bava Kamma 81a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/81a:7)

אָמַר רַב יִרְמְיָה: לָא קַשְׁיָא; כָּאן לְזֶרַע, כָּאן לְזִירִין. לְזֶרַע – קָשׁוּ לַהּ עֲשָׂבִים, דְּמַכְחֲשִׁי לַהּ; לְזִירִין – מְעַלֵּי לַהּ, דְּכִי קָיְימִי בֵּינֵי עֲשָׂבִים – מִירַכְּבָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Yirmeya said:** This is **not difficult. Here,** the mishna is referring to a case where the fenugreek was planted **for** its **seeds; there,** the *baraita* that lists Joshua’s conditions is referring to fenugreek planted **for** its **stalks.** When it is planted **for** its **seeds,** wild **vegetation is bad for it, as it weakens** the fenugreek and lowers its yield. But when it is planted **for** its **stalks,** wild vegetation is **good for it, as when it is situated among vegetation it climbs on it** and thereby grows to a larger size.


###### Bava Kamma 81a:8
[Bava Kamma 81a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/81a:8)

אִיבָּעֵית אֵימָא: כָּאן לְאָדָם, כָּאן לִבְהֵמָה. דְּכֵיוָן דְּלִבְהֵמָה הוּא דְּזַרְעַהּ, עֲשָׂבִים נָמֵי מִיבְּעֵי לַהּ. וּמְנָא יָדְעִינַן? אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא: שָׁארְיָה מְשָׁארֵי – לְאָדָם, לָא שָׁארְיָה מְשָׁארֵי – לִבְהֵמָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**If you wish, say** instead another answer: **Here,** the mishna is referring to a case where the fenugreek was planted **for human** consumption; and **there,** the *baraita* is referring to fenugreek planted **for animal** consumption. **Since** the owner **sowed** the fenugreek **for animal** consumption, the wild **vegetation is also required by him,** as this too can be used for animal fodder. **And how can we know** if a particular fenugreek field was planted for human or animal consumption, and thereby know whether the vegetation may be picked and taken? **Rav Pappa said:** If he planted it **in rows [*mesharei*],** it is **for human** consumption; if he did **not** plant **in rows** but planted haphazardly, it is **for animal** consumption.


###### Bava Kamma 81a:9
[Bava Kamma 81a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/81a:9)

וְקוֹטְמִין נְטִיעָה בְּכׇל מָקוֹם, חוּץ מִגְּרוֹפִיּוֹת שֶׁל זַיִת. פֵּירְשׁוּ רַבִּי תַּנְחוּם וְרַבִּי בִּרְיָיס מִשּׁוּם זָקֵן אֶחָד: בְּזַיִת – כְּבֵיצָה. בְּקָנִים וּבִגְפָנִים – מִן הַפְּקָק וּלְמַעְלָה. וּשְׁאָר כׇּל הָאִילָנוֹת – מִן אוּבּוֹ שֶׁל אִילָן, וְלֹא מִן חוּדּוֹ שֶׁל אִילָן;

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The *baraita* teaches: **And** that **they** shall have the right to **pluck off a shoot anywhere** for propagation and planting, **except for olive shoots,** as this would cause damage to the olive tree. **Rabbi Tanḥum and Rabbi Berayes explained** this **in the name of a certain elder: With regard to olive** trees, one must leave a shoot **the size of an egg** on the trunk when detaching it from the trunk; in the case **of reeds and grape vines,** he may take shoots only **from the** place of the first **knot and above. And** with regard to **all other trees,** shoots may be taken only **from the thick** part **of** the **tree,** where there are many branches growing, **but not from the thin** part **of** the **tree.**


###### Bava Kamma 81a:10
[Bava Kamma 81a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Kamma/r/81a:10)

מִן חָדָשׁ שֶׁאֵינוֹ עוֹשֶׂה פֵּירוֹת, וְלֹא מִן יָשָׁן שֶׁהוּא עוֹשֶׂה פֵּירוֹת; מִמְּקוֹם שֶׁאֵינוֹ רוֹאֶה אֶת הַחַמָּה,

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Furthermore, one may take **from a new** branch, **which does not** yet **produce fruit, but not from old** branches, **which do produce fruit;** and one may take **from a place that does not face the sun,**