## Bava Metzia Daf 106b

###### Bava Metzia 106b:1
[Bava Metzia 106b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:1)

חֲזֵינָא? קַשְׁיָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**I was worthy.** The Gemara concludes: Indeed, this is **difficult.**


###### Bava Metzia 106b:2
[Bava Metzia 106b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:2)

תָּנֵי חֲדָא: פַּעַם רִאשׁוֹנָה וּשְׁנִיָּה זוֹרְעָהּ, וּשְׁלִישִׁית אֵינוֹ זוֹרְעָהּ. וְתַנְיָא אִידַּךְ: שְׁלִישִׁית זוֹרְעָהּ, רְבִיעִית אֵינוֹ זוֹרְעָהּ. לָא קַשְׁיָא: הָא כְּרַבִּי, הָא כְּרַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ It **is taught** in **one** *baraita*: With regard to one who cultivates a field, **the first and second time he plants** the field again if the crops were destroyed by some mishap, **but the third** time **he is not** required to **plant it** again. **And** it **is taught** in **another** *baraita* that on the **third** occasion, he must **plant it** the field again, but after the **fourth** time the crops are destroyed, **he is not** required to **plant it** again. These two *baraitot* appear to contradict one another. The Gemara explains: That is **not difficult,** as **this** *baraita* is **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi, whereas **that** *baraita* is **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel.**


###### Bava Metzia 106b:3
[Bava Metzia 106b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:3)

הָא כְּרַבִּי, דְּאָמַר: בִּתְרֵי זִימְנֵי הָוְיָ[א] חֲזָקָה. הָא כְּרַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל, דְּאָמַר: בִּתְלָת זִימְנֵי הָוְיָ[א] חֲזָקָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara clarifies: **This** *baraita* is **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **who says** that **presumptive status is** established **by two occasions,** while **that** *baraita* is **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel, who says** that **presumptive status is** established **by three occasions.**


###### Bava Metzia 106b:4
[Bava Metzia 106b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:4)

אָמַר רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ: לֹא שָׁנוּ אֶלָּא שֶׁזְּרָעָהּ וְצִמְּחָה וַאֲכָלָהּ חָגָב. אֲבָל זְרָעָהּ וְלֹא צִמְּחָה – מָצֵי אֲמַר לֵיהּ בַּעַל הַקַּרְקַע: כׇּל יְמֵי זֶרַע זְרַעא לַהּ וֶאֱזִיל. וְעַד אֵימַת? אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא: עַד דְּאָתוּ אֲרִיסֵי מִדַּבְרָא וְקָיְימָא כִּימָה אַרֵישַׁיְיהוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Reish Lakish said: They taught** that a cultivator plants a limited number of times **only if he planted** the field **and it sprouted and locusts consumed** the crops, **but** if **he planted it and** the crops **did not sprout** at all, **the landowner can say to him:** You should **continue planting it** on **all the days** that are fit for **planting.** The Gemara asks: **And until when** does the period of planting last? The Gemara answers: **Rav Pappa said: Until** such time **that the sharecroppers come** in **from the field and** the stars of **Pleiades** are **stationed over their heads,** which occurs roughly during the month of *Shevat*.


###### Bava Metzia 106b:5
[Bava Metzia 106b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:5)

מֵיתִיבִי: רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל מִשּׁוּם רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר, וְכֵן הָיָה רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן מְנַסְיָא אוֹמֵר כִּדְבָרָיו: חֲצִי תִשְׁרֵי, מְרַחְשְׁוָן, וַחֲצִי כִסְלֵיו – זֶרַע.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara **raises an objection** to this from a *baraita* that discusses the verse: “While the earth remains, planting and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease” (Genesis 8:22). The *baraita* interprets this verse as referring to six seasons of the year: **Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says in the name of Rabbi Meir, and similarly, Rabbi Shimon ben Menasya would say in accordance with his statement:** The second **half of Tishrei,** all of **Marḥeshvan, and** the first **half of Kislev** are the days of **planting.**


###### Bava Metzia 106b:6
[Bava Metzia 106b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:6)

חֲצִי כִסְלֵיו, טֵבֵת, וַחֲצִי שְׁבָט – חוֹרֶף. חֲצִי שְׁבָט, אֲדָר, וַחֲצִי נִיסָן – קוֹר. חֲצִי נִיסָן, אִיָּיר, וַחֲצִי סִיוָן – קָצִיר. חֲצִי סִיוָן, תַּמּוּז, וַחֲצִי אָב – קַיִץ. חֲצִי אָב, אֱלוּל, וַחֲצִי תִּשְׁרֵי – חוֹם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The second **half of Kislev,** all of **Tevet, and** the first **half of Shevat** are **the winter** days. The second **half of Shevat,** all of **Adar, and** the first **half of** Nisan are the period of **cold;** the second **half of Nisan,** all of **Iyar, and** the first **half of Sivan** are the **harvest** period. The second **half of Sivan,** all of **Tammuz, and half of Av** are the **summer** season, while the second **half of Av,** all of **Elul, and** the first **half of Tishrei** are the season of **heat.**


###### Bava Metzia 106b:7
[Bava Metzia 106b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:7)

רַבִּי יְהוּדָה מוֹנֶה מִתִּשְׁרִי, רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן מוֹנֶה מִמְּרַחְשְׁוָן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The *baraita* adds: **Rabbi Yehuda** also would divide the year into these six seasons, but he **counts from** the beginning of **Tishrei** rather than from the middle. **Rabbi Shimon counts from Marḥeshvan,** so that Marḥeshvan and Kislev constitute the season of planting, and so on.


###### Bava Metzia 106b:8
[Bava Metzia 106b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:8)

מַאן מֵיקֵל בְּכוּלְּהוּ – רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן, וְכוּלֵּי הַאי לָא קָאָמַר! לָא קַשְׁיָא: הָא דְּקַבְּלַהּ מִינֵּיהּ בְּחָרְפֵי, הָא דְּקַבְּלֵהּ מִינֵּיהּ בְּאַפְלֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara states its objection: **Who** is the most **lenient of all of them** in that the period of planting occurs at the latest time of the year? It is **Rabbi Shimon, and** even he **did not say** that the planting season extends **that far** to the time when Pleiades is above their heads. The Gemara responds: That is **not difficult,** as **this** is referring to a cultivator **who accepted from** the owner the planting **of early** crops, while **that** case involves a cultivator **who accepted from** the owner the planting **of late** crops, performed at a much later date.


###### Bava Metzia 106b:9
[Bava Metzia 106b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:9)

רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: אִם קִבְּלָה מִמֶּנּוּ בְּמָעוֹת. הָהוּא גַּבְרָא דְּקַבֵּיל אַרְעָא לְמִיזְרַעה בַּהּו תּוּמֵי אַגּוּדָּא דִּנְהַר מַלְכָּא סָבָא בְּזוּזֵי. אִיסְתְּכַר נְהַר מַלְכָּא סָבָא. אֲתָא לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרָבָא, אֲמַר לֵיהּ: נְהַר מַלְכָּא סָבָא לָא עֲבִיד דְּמִיסְתְּכַר, מַכַּת מְדִינָה הִיא, זִיל נַכֵּי לֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna teaches: **Rabbi Yehuda says: If** the cultivator **received it from** the owner **for** a fixed sum of **money,** whether a regional disaster occurred or not, he does not subtract the produce he owes as part of his tenancy. The Gemara relates: There was **a certain man who received land to plant garlic on it on the bank of the river Malka Sava** in exchange **for** a specified sum of **money.** The bank of **the river Malka Sava became dammed up.** The case **came before Rava,** who **said to** the cultivator: **The river Malka Sava does not usually dam up.** Therefore, **it is** classified as **a regional disaster; go subtract** this loss from the payment you owe **to** the owner.


###### Bava Metzia 106b:10
[Bava Metzia 106b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:10)

אֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ רַבָּנַן לְרָבָא: הָא אֲנַן תְּנַן, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: אִם קִבְּלָה הֵימֶנּוּ בְּמָעוֹת – בֵּין כָּךְ וּבֵין כָּךְ אֵינוֹ מְנַכָּה לוֹ מִן חֲכוֹרוֹ! אֲמַר לְהוּ: לֵית דְּחָשׁ לַהּ לִדְרַבִּי יְהוּדָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara continues the story: **The Rabbis said to Rava: Didn’t we learn** in the mishna here: **If** the cultivator **received it from** the owner **for** a fixed sum of **money, whether this** way or **whether that** way, i.e., whether a regional disaster occurred or not, **he does not subtract** the produce he owes as part of **his tenancy.** Rava **said to them: There is no** one **who is concerned for** the ruling **of Rabbi Yehuda** since it is a minority opinion that is rejected.


###### Bava Metzia 106b:11
[Bava Metzia 106b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:11)

**מַתְנִי׳** הַמְקַבֵּל שָׂדֶה מֵחֲבֵירוֹ בַּעֲשָׂרָה כּוֹר חִטִּים לְשָׁנָה וְלָקְתָה – נוֹתֵן לוֹ מִתּוֹכָהּ. הָיוּ חִטֶּיהָ יָפוֹת, לֹא יֹאמַר לוֹ: הֲרֵינִי לוֹקֵחַ מִן הַשּׁוּק, אֶלָּא נוֹתֵן לוֹ מִתּוֹכָהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** In the case of **one who receives a field from another** to cultivate in return **for** the payment of **ten *kor* of wheat per year, and** its produce **was blighted** by a crop disease or the like, the cultivator **gives** the owner the ten *kor* of wheat **from it** but does not have to provide him with high quality wheat. If the wheat stalks produced by the field **were** particularly **good** stalks of **wheat,** the cultivator **may not say to** the owner: **I will buy** regular wheat **from the market; rather,** he **gives him from inside** the field itself.


###### Bava Metzia 106b:12
[Bava Metzia 106b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:12)

**גְּמָ׳** הָהוּא גַּבְרָא דְּקַבֵּיל אַרְעָא לְאַסְפַּסְתָּא בְּכוֹרֵי דִשְׂעָרֵי, עֲבַדָא אַסְפַּסְתָּא, וְחַרְשַׁהּ וְזַרְעַהּ שְׂעָרֵי, וּלְקוֹ הָנֵי שְׂעָרֵי. שַׁלְחַהּ רַב חֲבִיבָא מִסּוּרָא דִפְרָת לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרָבִינָא, כִּי הַאי גַּוְנָא מַאי: כִּי ״לָקְתָה נוֹתֵן לוֹ מִתּוֹכָהּ״ דָּמֵי, אוֹ לָא?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** The Gemara relates: There was **a certain man who received land to** grow **hay** in exchange **for** paying the owner several ***kor* of barley.** After the field **produced hay,** the recipient **plowed and sowed it** with **barley, and that barley was blighted.** The worker sought to pay the owner from the damaged barley he had cultivated. **Rav Ḥaviva from Sura in the Euphrates sent** the following question **before Ravina: What** is the *halakha* with regard to **a case of this kind?** Is it **considered similar to** an instance of: If it **was blighted, he gives him from inside** the field, **or not?**


###### Bava Metzia 106b:13
[Bava Metzia 106b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:13)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: מִי דָּמֵי? הָתָם לָא עֲבַדָא אַרְעָא שְׁלִיחוּתָא דְּמָרַהּ, הָכָא עֲבַדָא אַרְעָא שְׁלִיחוּתָא דְּמָרַהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Ravina **said to him: Is it comparable? There,** in the mishna, **the land did not perform its owner’s mission,** and the cultivator also received blighted produce, whereas **here, the land did perform its owner’s mission,** as the cultivator took the land for the purpose of growing hay, which it produced. His additional crop of barley was not part of their agreement and therefore he cannot pay his debt with blighted barley.


###### Bava Metzia 106b:14
[Bava Metzia 106b:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:14)

הָהוּא גַּבְרָא דְּקַבֵּל פַּרְדֵּס מֵחַבְרֵיהּ בַּעֲשַׂר דַּנֵּי חַמְרָא, תְּקֵיף הָהוּא חַמְרָא. סְבַר רַב כָּהֲנָא לְמֵימַר: הַיְינוּ מַתְנִיתִין – לָקְתָה נוֹתֵן לוֹ מִתּוֹכָהּ. אָמַר לֵיהּ רַב אָשֵׁי: מִי דָּמֵי? הָתָם לָא עֲבַדָא אַרְעָא שְׁלִיחוּתָא, הָכָא עֲבַדָא אַרְעָא שְׁלִיחוּתָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates: There was **a certain man who received an orchard from another** to cultivate in exchange **for** paying the owner **ten barrels of wine,** but **that wine** produced from the orchard’s grapes **turned sour. Rav Kahana thought to say** that **this is** an example of the ruling of **the mishna** that if it **was blighted he** may **give him from inside** the field. **Rav Ashi said to him: Is it comparable? There,** in the mishna, **the land did not perform** its owner’s **mission,** as the crop was blighted, whereas **here, the land** did **perform** its owner’s **mission,** as there was nothing wrong with the grapes themselves, and the wine turned sour in the cultivator’s possession.


###### Bava Metzia 106b:15
[Bava Metzia 106b:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:15)

וּמוֹדֶה רַב אָשֵׁי בְּעִינְּבֵי דִּכְדוּם וּבְשָׂדֶה שֶׁלָּקְתָה בָּעוֹמָרֶיהָ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara comments: **And Rav Ashi concedes with regard to grapes that shrunk** over the course of their growth **and with regard to a field whose sheaves were blighted** that since the damage occurred to the crop itself, the cultivator can pay his debt from the produce of the field.


###### Bava Metzia 106b:16
[Bava Metzia 106b:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:16)

**מַתְנִי׳** הַמְקַבֵּל שָׂדֶה מֵחֲבֵירוֹ לְזׇרְעָהּ שְׂעוֹרִים – לֹא יִזְרָעֶנָּה חִטִּים. חִטִּים – יִזְרָעֶנָּה שְׂעוֹרִים, רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹסֵר. תְּבוּאָה – לֹא יִזְרָעֶנָּה קִטְנִית. קִטְנִית – יִזְרָעֶנָּה תְּבוּאָה, וְרַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹסֵר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** With regard to **one who receives a field from another** in order **to plant it** with **barley,** he may **not plant it** with **wheat,** as wheat weakens the field more than barley does. But if he receives it in order to plant **wheat,** he may **plant it** with **barley** if he wishes, but **Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel forbids** it. Similarly, if he receives it to plant **it with grain** he may **not plant it** with **legumes,** as they weaken the field more than grains do, but if he receives it in order to plant **legumes** he may **plant it** with **grain, but Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel forbids** it.


###### Bava Metzia 106b:17
[Bava Metzia 106b:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:17)

**גְּמָ׳** אָמַר רַב חִסְדָּא: מַאי טַעְמָא דְּרַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל, דִּכְתִיב: ״שְׁאֵרִית יִשְׂרָאֵל לֹא יַעֲשׂוּ עַוְלָה וְלֹא יְדַבְּרוּ כָזָב וְלֹא יִמָּצֵא בְּפִיהֶם לְשׁוֹן תַּרְמִית״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** **Rav Ḥisda said: What is the reason of** the ruling of **Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel?** The landowner has apparently suffered no loss from the cultivator’s actions. His reasoning is **as it is written: “The remnant of Israel shall not do iniquity, nor speak lies, neither shall a deceitful tongue be found in their mouth”** (Zephaniah 3:13). In other words, one may not retract from an obligation accepted upon oneself, even if no one suffers as a result.


###### Bava Metzia 106b:18
[Bava Metzia 106b:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/106b:18)

מֵיתִיבִי: מִגְבַּת פּוּרִים לְפוּרִים, וְאֵין מְדַקְדְּקִין בַּדָּבָר. וְאֵין הֶעָנִי רַשַּׁאי לִיקַּח מֵהֶן רְצוּעָה לְסַנְדָּלוֹ, אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן הִתְנָה בְּמַעֲמַד אַנְשֵׁי הָעִיר, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יַעֲקֹב שֶׁאָמַר מִשּׁוּם רַבִּי מֵאִיר. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara **raises an objection** to this from a *baraita*: The **Purim collection is** only **for** the **Purim** feast, **but one does not scrutinize the matter** by limiting the allocation for the poor to the exact costs of the meal and no more. **And** it is **not permitted for a poor person to purchase** even **a strap for his sandal from it unless he stipulated in the presence of the people of the city** that he may do as he wishes with the money he receives. This is **the statement of Rabbi Ya’akov, who said** it **in the name of Rabbi Meir. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel**