## Bava Metzia Daf 24b

###### Bava Metzia 24b:1
[Bava Metzia 24b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/24b:1)

וְאִיבָּעֵית אֵימָא: לְעוֹלָם רַבָּנַן, מִי קָתָנֵי ״הֵן שֶׁלּוֹ״? ״אֵינוֹ חַיָּיב לְהַכְרִיז״ קָתָנֵי. וְיַנִּיחַ, וְיֵיתֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְיָהֵיב בֵּיהּ סִימָנָא וְשָׁקֵיל.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And if you wish, say** instead that **actually** the mishna is in accordance with the opinion of **the Rabbis. Is it taught** in the mishna that the items **are his? It is taught** that **he is not obligated to proclaim** his find. He may not keep them, **but he shall place** the items in his possession **and a Jew will come and provide a distinguishing mark** to describe the items **and take** them.


###### Bava Metzia 24b:2
[Bava Metzia 24b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/24b:2)

תָּא שְׁמַע, דְּאָמַר רַב אַסִּי: מָצָא חָבִית יַיִן בְּעִיר שֶׁרוּבָּהּ גּוֹיִם – מוּתֶּרֶת מִשּׁוּם מְצִיאָה וַאֲסוּרָה בַּהֲנָאָה. בָּא יִשְׂרָאֵל וְנָתַן בָּהּ סִימָן – מוּתֶּרֶת בִּשְׁתִיָּה, לְמוֹצְאָהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Come** and **hear** a proof from that **which Rav Asi says:** If **one found a barrel of wine in a city whose** population has **a majority of gentiles,** keeping the barrel **is permitted in terms of** the *halakhot* of **finding** lost items because it presumably belonged to a gentile, **and** deriving **benefit** from the wine **is prohibited,** as it is presumed to be wine of a gentile. If **a Jew came and provided a distinguishing mark** to describe **it, drinking** the wine **is permitted for its finder,** as it proved to be the wine of a Jew. Nevertheless, it belongs to the finder, because the owner despaired of recovering a barrel misplaced in a public area.


###### Bava Metzia 24b:3
[Bava Metzia 24b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/24b:3)

כְּמַאן? כְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר. שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ כִּי קָאָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר – בְּרוֹב גּוֹיִם אֲבָל בְּרוֹב יִשְׂרָאֵל לָא. לְעוֹלָם אֵימָא לָךְ רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר אֲפִילּוּ בְּרוֹב יִשְׂרָאֵל נָמֵי קָאָמַר, וְרַב אַסִּי סָבַר לַהּ כְּווֹתֵיהּ בַּחֲדָא, וּפְלִיג עֲלֵיהּ בַּחֲדָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara explains the proof: **In accordance with whose** opinion is this statement of Rav Asi? It is **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar. Conclude from it that when Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar stated** his opinion, it was only with regard to a place **where there is a majority of gentiles; but** in a place **where there is a majority of Jews,** the owner does **not** despair of recovering his lost item. The Gemara rejects the proof: **Actually, I will say to you** that **even** with regard to a place **where there is a majority of Jews, Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar also stated** his opinion, **and Rav Asi holds in accordance with** the opinion of Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar **in one** case, that of a place where there is a majority of gentiles, **and disagrees with him in one** case, that of a place where there is a majority of Jews.


###### Bava Metzia 24b:4
[Bava Metzia 24b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/24b:4)

וְכִי מֵאַחַר דַּאֲסִירָא בַּהֲנָאָה מוּתֶּרֶת מִשּׁוּם מְצִיאָה, לְמַאי הִלְכְתָא? אָמַר רַב אָשֵׁי: לְקַנְקַנָּהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara clarifies: **And once** it was established **that** deriving **benefit** from the wine **is prohibited,** then with regard to the fact that it **is permitted in terms of** the *halakhot* of **finding** lost items, **for what** matter is that ***halakha*** relevant? **Rav Ashi said:** It is relevant with regard **to** deriving benefit from **its container,** which is permitted.


###### Bava Metzia 24b:5
[Bava Metzia 24b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/24b:5)

הָהוּא גַּבְרָא דְּאַשְׁכַּח אַרְבָּעָה זוּזֵי דְּצַיְירִי בִּסְדִינָא וּשְׁדוּ בִּנְהַר בֵּירָן, אֲתָא לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרַב יְהוּדָה. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: זִיל אַכְרֵיז. וְהָא זוֹטוֹ שֶׁל יָם הוּא! שָׁאנֵי נְהַר בֵּירָן, כֵּיוָן דְּמִתְּקִיל לָא מִיָּאַשׁ. וְהָא רוּבָּא גּוֹיִם נִינְהוּ, שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ אֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר אֲפִילּוּ בְּרוֹב גּוֹיִם! שָׁאנֵי נְהַר בֵּירָן, דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל סָכְרוּ לֵיהּ וְיִשְׂרָאֵל כָּרוּ לֵיהּ. כֵּיוָן דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל סָכְרוּ לֵיהּ – אֵימוֹר מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל נְפַל, וְכֵיוָן דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל כָּרוּ לֵיהּ – לָא מִיָּאַשׁ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates: There was **a certain man who found four dinars that were bound in a cloth and cast into the Biran River. He came before Rav Yehuda** and asked how to proceed. Rav Yehuda **said: Go proclaim** your finding. The Gemara asks: **But isn’t it** a case of an item lost **in the tide of the sea** that should therefore belong to the finder? The Gemara answers: **The Biran River is different. Since it contains obstacles,** the owner **does not despair** of recovering the lost item. The Gemara asks: **But isn’t it** a place where the **majority** of the population **is gentiles? Conclude from it that** the ***halakha* is not in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar even in** a place where there is **a majority of gentiles.** The Gemara answers: **The Biran River is different, as Jews dammed it and Jews dredge it. Since Jews dammed it, say that** the coins **fell from a Jew, and since Jews dredge it,** the owner of the coins **does not despair** of recovering them.


###### Bava Metzia 24b:6
[Bava Metzia 24b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/24b:6)

רַב יְהוּדָה הֲוָה שָׁקֵיל וְאָזֵיל בָּתְרֵיהּ דְּמָר שְׁמוּאֵל בְּשׁוּקָא דְּבֵי דַיְסָא, אֲמַר לֵיהּ: מָצָא כָּאן אַרְנָקִי, מַהוּ? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ שֶׁלּוֹ. בָּא יִשְׂרָאֵל וְנָתַן בָּהּ סִימָן, מַהוּ? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: חַיָּיב לְהַחְזִיר. תַּרְתֵּי! אֲמַר לֵיהּ: לִפְנִים מִשּׁוּרַת הַדִּין. כִּי הָא דַּאֲבוּהּ דִּשְׁמוּאֵל אַשְׁכַּח הָנָךְ חֲמָרֵי בְּמַדְבְּרָא וְאַהְדְּרִינְהוּ לְמָרַיְיהוּ לְבָתַר תְּרֵיסַר יַרְחֵי שַׁתָּא, לִפְנִים מִשּׁוּרַת הַדִּין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates: **Rav Yehuda was moving along behind Mar Shmuel in the market** where **pounded grain** was sold. Rav Yehuda **said to** Shmuel: If **one found a purse [*arnakei*] here, what is** the *halakha*? Shmuel **said to him** that the *halakha* is as the mishna states: **These** belong **to him.** Rav Yehuda asked him: If **a Jew came and provided a distinguishing mark** to describe it, **what is** the *halakha*? Shmuel **said to him:** The finder is **obligated to return** it. Rav Yehuda asked: These are **two** contradictory rulings. Shmuel **said to him:** By law, it belongs to him. When I said the finder is obligated to return it if he learns the identity of the owner, that was **beyond the letter of the law.** This is **like that** incident **where Shmuel’s father found these donkeys in the desert and returned them to their owner after** the passage of **twelve months of the year,** as he acted **beyond the letter of the law.**


###### Bava Metzia 24b:7
[Bava Metzia 24b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/24b:7)

רָבָא הֲוָה שָׁקֵיל וְאָזֵיל בָּתְרֵיהּ דְּרַב נַחְמָן בְּשׁוּקָא דְגִלְדָּאֵי, וְאָמְרִי לַהּ בְּשׁוּקָא דְרַבָּנַן, אֲמַר לֵיהּ: מָצָא כָּאן אַרְנָקִי, מַהוּ? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ שֶׁלּוֹ. בָּא יִשְׂרָאֵל וְנָתַן בָּהּ סִימָן, מַהוּ? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ שֶׁלּוֹ. וַהֲלֹא עוֹמֵד וְצוֹוֵחַ! נַעֲשָׂה כְּצוֹוֵחַ עַל בֵּיתוֹ שֶׁנָּפַל וְעַל סְפִינָתוֹ שֶׁטָּבְעָה בַּיָּם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates: **Rava was moving along behind Rav Naḥman in the tanner’s market, and some say in the marketplace** frequented by **the Sages.** Rava **said to** Rav Naḥman: If **one found a purse here, what is** the *halakha*? Rav Naḥman **said to him** that the *halakha* is as the mishna states: **These** belong **to him.** Rava asked him: If **a Jew came and provided a distinguishing mark** to describe it, **what is** the *halakha*? Rav Naḥman **said to him** that in this case as well, the *halakha* is as the mishna states: **These** belong **to him.** Rava asked: **But isn’t** the owner justifiably **standing and screaming** that the purse belongs to him? Rav Naḥman said to him: **He becomes as** one who **screams** to no avail **about his house that collapsed or about his ship that sank in the sea.**


###### Bava Metzia 24b:8
[Bava Metzia 24b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/24b:8)

הָהוּא דַּיּוֹ דְּשָׁקֵיל בִּשְׂרָא בְּשׁוּקָא וְשַׁדְיֵהּ בְּצִנְיָיתָא דְּבֵי בַּר מָרִיּוֹן. אֲתָא לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּאַבָּיֵי, אֲמַר לֵיהּ: זִיל שְׁקוֹל לְנַפְשָׁךְ. וְהָא רוּבָּא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל נִינְהוּ, שָׁמְעַתְּ מִינַּהּ הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר אֲפִילּוּ בְּרוֹב יִשְׂרָאֵל! שָׁאנֵי דַּיּוֹ, דִּכְזוֹטוֹ שֶׁל יָם דָּמֵי. וְהָא אָמַר רַב: בָּשָׂר שֶׁנִּתְעַלֵּם מִן הָעַיִן – אָסוּר! בְּעוֹמֵד וְרוֹאֵהוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates: There was **a certain kite that took meat in the marketplace and cast it among the palm trees of the house of bar Maryon.** The one who found the meat **came before Abaye** to ask how to proceed. Abaye **said to him: Go take** it **for yourself.** The Gemara asks: **But isn’t** the marketplace of kosher meat a place where there is **a majority of Jews? Conclude from it that** the ***halakha* is in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar even in** a place where there is **a majority of Jews.** The Gemara answers: **A kite is different, as** an item taken by a kite is **similar** to a lost item swept away **in the tide of the sea.** The Gemara raises another issue: **But doesn’t Rav say: Meat that was obscured from sight** and unsupervised for a period of time is **forbidden,** as its source is unknown? The Gemara answers: This is a case where the finder **stands and sees** the meat from the moment that it was taken by the kite until it was cast among the trees.


###### Bava Metzia 24b:9
[Bava Metzia 24b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/24b:9)

רַבִּי חֲנִינָא מָצָא גְּדִי שָׁחוּט בֵּין טְבֶרְיָא לְצִיפּוֹרִי וְהִתִּירוּהוּ לוֹ. אָמַר רַבִּי אַמֵּי: הִתִּירוּהוּ לוֹ מִשּׁוּם מְצִיאָה כְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר, מִשּׁוּם שְׁחִיטָה כְּרַבִּי חֲנַנְיָא בְּנוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי יוֹסֵי הַגְּלִילִי. דְּתַנְיָא: הֲרֵי שֶׁאָבְדוּ לוֹ גְּדָיָיו וְתַרְנְגוֹלָיו, הָלַךְ וּמְצָאָן שְׁחוּטִין, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹסֵר, וְרַבִּי חֲנַנְיָא בְּנוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי יוֹסֵי הַגְּלִילִי מַתִּיר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates: **Rabbi Ḥanina found a slaughtered young goat between Tiberias and Tzippori and** the Sages **permitted it to him. Rabbi Ami said:** The Sages **permitted it to him in terms of** the *halakhot* of **finding** lost items **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar,** and they permitted it to him **in terms of** the *halakhot* of the **slaughter** of kosher animals, **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Ḥananya, son of Rabbi Yosei HaGelili. As it is taught** in a *baraita*: In a case **where one’s young goats and roosters were lost,** and the owner **went and found them slaughtered, Rabbi Yehuda deems** the meat **forbidden, and Rabbi Ḥananya, son of Rabbi Yosei HaGelili, deems** it **permitted.**


###### Bava Metzia 24b:10
[Bava Metzia 24b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/24b:10)

אָמַר רַבִּי: נִרְאִין דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יְהוּדָה כְּשֶׁמְּצָאָן בְּאַשְׁפָּה, וְדִבְרֵי רַבִּי חֲנַנְיָא בְּנוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי יוֹסֵי הַגְּלִילִי כְּשֶׁמְּצָאָן בַּבַּיִת. מִדְּהִתִּירוּהוּ לוֹ מִשּׁוּם שְׁחִיטָה, רוּבָּא יִשְׂרָאֵל נִינְהוּ, שָׁמְעַתְּ מִינַּהּ הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר אֲפִילּוּ בְּרוֹב יִשְׂרָאֵל! אָמַר רָבָא: רוֹב גּוֹיִם וְרוֹב טַבָּחֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **says: The statement of Rabbi Yehuda appears** to be correct in a case **where he found** the slaughtered animals **in a garbage dump,** as the concern is that they were thrown away because the slaughter was unfit. **And the statement of Rabbi Ḥananya, son of Rabbi Yosei HaGelili, appears correct** in a case **where he found them in the house.** The Gemara infers: **From** the fact **that** the Sages **permitted** the meat **to him in terms of** the *halakhot* of **slaughter,** apparently, this place is one where there is **a majority of Jews. Conclude from it that** the ***halakha* is in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar even in** a place where there is **a majority of Jews. Rava said:** It is a place where there is **a majority of gentiles but** the **majority of slaughterers are Jews.**


###### Bava Metzia 24b:11
[Bava Metzia 24b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/24b:11)

רַבִּי אַמֵּי אַשְׁכַּח פַּרְגִּיּוֹת שְׁחוּטוֹת בֵּין טְבֶרְיָא לְצִיפּוֹרִי, אֲתָא לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרַבִּי אַסִּי, וְאָמְרִי לַהּ לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן, וְאָמְרִי לַהּ בֵּי מִדְרְשָׁא. וַאֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ: זִיל שְׁקוֹל לְנַפְשָׁךְ. רַבִּי יִצְחָק נַפָּחָא אַשְׁכַּח קִיבּוּרָא דְאִזְלֵי בֵּי אָזְלוֹיֵי, אֲתָא לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן, וְאָמְרִי לַהּ בְּבֵי מִדְרְשָׁא, וַאֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ: זִיל שְׁקוֹל לְנַפְשָׁךְ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates: **Rabbi Ami found slaughtered fledglings between Tiberias and Tzippori. He came before Rabbi Asi** to ask how to proceed, **and some say** he came **before Rabbi Yoḥanan, and some say** he came to **the study hall. And they said to him: Go take** it **for yourself. Rabbi Yitzḥak Nappaḥa found a skein** of thread **from which a net was woven. He came before Rabbi Yoḥanan** to ask how to proceed, **and some say** he came to **the study hall. And they said to him: Go take** it **for yourself,** because he found it in a place frequented by the multitudes.


###### Bava Metzia 24b:12
[Bava Metzia 24b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bava%20Metzia/r/24b:12)

**מַתְנִי׳** וְאֵלּוּ חַיָּיב לְהַכְרִיז: מָצָא פֵּירוֹת בִּכְלִי, אוֹ כְּלִי כְּמוֹת שֶׁהוּא. מָעוֹת בְּכִיס, אוֹ כִּיס כְּמוֹת שֶׁהוּא. צִבּוּרֵי פֵירוֹת, צִבּוּרֵי מָעוֹת,

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** **And** for **these** found items, one is **obligated to proclaim** his find: If **one found produce inside a vessel, or a vessel by itself; coins inside a pouch, or a pouch by itself; piles of produce; piles of coins,**