## Beitzah Daf 31a

###### Beitzah 31a:1
[Beitzah 31a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Beitzah/r/31a:1)

**מַתְנִי׳** מְבִיאִין עֵצִים מִן הַשָּׂדֶה — מִן הַמְכוּנָּס, וּמִן הַקַּרְפֵּף — אֲפִילּוּ מִן הַמְפוּזָּר. אֵיזֶהוּ קַרְפֵּף — כׇּל שֶׁסָּמוּךְ לְעִיר, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יְהוּדָה. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר: כׇּל שֶׁנִּכְנָסִין לוֹ בְּפוֹתַחַת, וַאֲפִילּוּ בְּתוֹךְ תְּחוּם שַׁבָּת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** **One may bring wood** chopped from a tree the previous day **from** an unfenced **field,** but only **from that which has been gathered** into a pile before the Festival for the purpose of using it for kindling. However, scattered wood is *muktze* and may not be handled. **And** if one brings wood **from a *karpef*** used for storage, he may bring **even from the scattered** wood, as it is considered a guarded courtyard rather than a field, and one does not remove even scattered items from his mind if they are stored inside such an enclosure. The mishna explains: **What is a *karpef*?** It is **any** enclosure **that is near a city,** but if it is far from a city, it is considered a field; this is **the statement of Rabbi Yehuda. Rabbi Yosei says: Any** fenced place **into which one** can **enter** only **with a key** is a *karpef*, **even** if it is located at a distance from a city, provided that it is **within the Shabbat limit.**


###### Beitzah 31a:2
[Beitzah 31a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Beitzah/r/31a:2)

**גְּמָ׳** אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: אֵין מְבִיאִין עֵצִים אֶלָּא מִן הַמְכוּנָּסִין שֶׁבַּקַּרְפֵּף. וְהָא אֲנַן תְּנַן: מִן הַקַּרְפֵּף — וַאֲפִילּוּ מִן הַמְפוּזָּרִים! מַתְנִיתִין יְחִידָאָה הִיא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** **Rav Yehuda said** that **Shmuel said: One may not bring wood except from** the wood that was **gathered in a *karpef*.** The Gemara challenges: **But didn’t we learn** in the mishna: And **from a *karpef*, even from scattered** wood? The Gemara answers: **The mishna** follows **an individual** opinion.


###### Beitzah 31a:3
[Beitzah 31a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Beitzah/r/31a:3)

דְּתַנְיָא, אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר: לֹא נֶחְלְקוּ בֵּית שַׁמַּאי וּבֵית הִלֵּל עַל הַמְפוּזָּרִים שֶׁבַּשָּׂדוֹת — שֶׁאֵין מְבִיאִין, וְעַל הַמְכוּנָּסִין שֶׁבַּקַּרְפֵּף — שֶׁמְּבִיאִין. עַל מָה נֶחְלְקוּ — עַל הַמְפוּזָּרִים שֶׁבַּקַּרְפֵּף וְעַל הַמְכוּנָּסִין שֶׁבַּשָּׂדוֹת, שֶׁבֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים: לֹא יָבִיא, וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים: יָבִיא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
One may not rely on it, as is clear from a different source that the majority view is otherwise, **as it is taught** in a *baraita* that **Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar said: Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel did not disagree with regard to** wood **scattered in fields that one may not bring** it on a Festival to one’s house for kindling, **nor with regard to** wood **gathered in a *karpef* that one may bring** it. **With regard to what did they disagree?** It is **with regard to scattered** wood **in a *karpef* and gathered** wood **in fields, as Beit Shammai say: He may not bring** it, **and Beit Hillel say: He may bring** it. Although the lenient opinion with regard to gathered wood in a field is attributed to Beit Hillel, this is only according to the minority view of Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar. However, most Sages disagree and say that one may not bring wood from a field at all, even according to Beit Hillel.


###### Beitzah 31a:4
[Beitzah 31a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Beitzah/r/31a:4)

אָמַר רָבָא: עֲלֵי קָנִים וַעֲלֵי גְפָנִים, אַף עַל גַּב דִּמְכַנְּפִי לְהוּ וּמוֹתְבִי, כֵּיוָן דְּאִי מִדְּלֵי זִיקָא מְבַדַּר לְהוּ — כִּמְפוּזָּרִים דָּמוּ וַאֲסוּרִין. וְאִי אַתְנַח מָנָא מֵאֶתְמוֹל עֲלַיְיהוּ — שַׁפִּיר דָּמֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rava said:** With regard to **reed leaves and vine leaves, although they are gathered** together **and placed** in the same spot, **since if a wind comes it will scatter them,** they **are** already **considered scattered and are** therefore **prohibited.** Given that they are likely to be scattered in the wind, one does not intend to use them. However, **if one placed a vessel on them the day before** to prevent their being scattered in the wind, **it seems well** and is permitted.


###### Beitzah 31a:5
[Beitzah 31a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Beitzah/r/31a:5)

אֵיזֶהוּ קַרְפֵּף וְכוּ׳. אִבַּעְיָא לְהוּ: הֵיכִי קָאָמַר, כׇּל שֶׁסָּמוּךְ לָעִיר — וְהוּא דְּאִית לֵיהּ פּוֹתַחַת, וַאֲתָא רַבִּי יוֹסֵי לְמֵימַר: כֵּיוָן דְּאִית לֵיהּ פּוֹתַחַת — אֲפִילּוּ בְּתוֹךְ תְּחוּם שַׁבָּת נָמֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The mishna discussed the question: **What is a *karpef*?** Rabbi Yehuda states that it is any enclosure that is near a city, while in Rabbi Yosei’s opinion it is any fenced place into which one can enter only with a key, provided that it is within the Shabbat limit of a city. **A dilemma was raised before** the Sages: With regard to **what** case **is** the mishna **speaking?** Does Rabbi Yehuda mean to say that a *karpef* is **any** place **that is near a city, provided that it has a key,** otherwise it is not a *karpef* at all; **and Rabbi Yosei comes to say: Since it has a key, even** if it is not near a city, as long as it is **within the Shabbat limit** it is **also** considered a *karpef*? According to this understanding, Rabbi Yosei’s view is more lenient than that of Rabbi Yehuda.


###### Beitzah 31a:6
[Beitzah 31a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Beitzah/r/31a:6)

אוֹ דִלְמָא הָכִי קָאָמַר: כׇּל שֶׁסָּמוּךְ לָעִיר — בֵּין דְּאִית לֵיהּ פּוֹתַחַת, בֵּין דְּלֵית לֵיהּ פּוֹתַחַת, וַאֲתָא רַבִּי יוֹסֵי לְמֵימַר: אֲפִילּוּ בְּתוֹךְ תְּחוּם שַׁבָּת, וְדַוְקָא דְּאִית לֵיהּ פּוֹתַחַת, אֲבָל לֵית לֵיהּ פּוֹתַחַת — אֲפִילּוּ סָמוּךְ לָעִיר נָמֵי לָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Or perhaps this is what** Rabbi Yehuda **is saying: Any** enclosure **that is near a city** is a *karpef*, **whether it has a key or does not have a key, and Rabbi Yosei comes to say:** With regard to the distance, it is a *karpef* **even** if it is not near a city, provided that it is **within the Shabbat limit, but specifically if it has a key. However, if it does not have a key, even** if it is **near a city** it is **also not** considered a *karpef*. According to this understanding, the opinion of Rabbi Yosei is not necessarily the more lenient one; rather, for him the defining issue is whether or not there is a key, regardless of distance.


###### Beitzah 31a:7
[Beitzah 31a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Beitzah/r/31a:7)

תָּא שְׁמַע: מִדְּקָתָנֵי, רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר: כׇּל שֶׁנִּכְנָסִין לוֹ בְּפוֹתַחַת — וַאֲפִילּוּ בְּתוֹךְ תְּחוּם שַׁבָּת, שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ רַבִּי יוֹסֵי תַּרְתֵּי לְקוּלָּא קָאָמַר. שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ. אָמַר רַב סַלָּא אָמַר רַבִּי יִרְמְיָה: הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי לְהָקֵל.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **Come** and **hear from** the fact **that it is taught** in the mishna that **Rabbi Yosei says: Any** place **into which one enters with a key, even within the Shabbat limit,** and he does not say: If one enters, but rather: Any place into which one enters, it shows that the key is not the determining factor. One may **learn from this** that **Rabbi Yosei stated two** conditions **as leniencies.** In other words, he is not more stringent than Rabbi Yehuda in any situation; he is lenient in all cases. The Gemara concludes: Indeed, **learn from here** that this is the case. **Rav Salla said** that **Rabbi Yirmeya said:** The ***halakha*** is **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Yosei as a leniency;** Rabbi Yosei should be understood in this manner, and one should rule accordingly.


###### Beitzah 31a:8
[Beitzah 31a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Beitzah/r/31a:8)

**מַתְנִי׳** אֵין מְבַקְּעִין עֵצִים לֹא מִן הַקּוֹרוֹת וְלֹא מִן הַקּוֹרָה שֶׁנִּשְׁבְּרָה בְּיוֹם טוֹב. וְאֵין מְבַקְּעִין לֹא בְּקַרְדּוֹם וְלֹא בִּמְגֵרָה וְלֹא בְּמַגָּל, אֶלָּא בְּקוֹפִיץ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** **One may not chop wood** on a Festival **neither from beams** intended for construction **nor from a beam that broke on a Festival,** although it no longer serves any purpose. **And one may not chop** wood on a Festival, **neither with an ax, nor with a saw, nor with a sickle,** as these are clearly craftsman’s tools used on weekdays. **Rather, one may** chop only **with a cleaver.** Using this tool differs greatly from the weekday manner in which wood is chopped.