## Bekhorot Daf 11b

###### Bekhorot 11b:1
[Bekhorot 11b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/11b:1)

מְמוֹרָחִין מִן הַגּוֹי, מְעַשְּׂרָן וְהֵן שֶׁלּוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
that is gathered in **smoothed** piles, **from a gentile, he tithes** the piles **but they are his,** as he is not required to give the *teruma* to a priest or the tithes to a Levite.


###### Bekhorot 11b:2
[Bekhorot 11b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/11b:2)

דְּמָרְחִינְהוּ מַאן? אִילֵימָא דְּמָרְחִינְהוּ גּוֹי — ״דְּגָנְךָ״ אָמַר רַחֲמָנָא, וְלֹא דְּגַן גּוֹי!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **Who smoothed** the piles? **If we say that a gentile smoothed them,** doesn’t **the Merciful One state: “Your grain”** (Deuteronomy 12:17, 18:4), with regard to *teruma* and tithes, indicating that only grain whose processing is completed by a Jew is subject to the rules of *teruma* and tithes, **but not the grain of a gentile?**


###### Bekhorot 11b:3
[Bekhorot 11b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/11b:3)

אֶלָּא דְּמָרְחִינְהוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵרְשׁוּת גּוֹי. מְעַשְּׂרָן, דְּאֵין קִנְיָן לְגוֹי בְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל לְהַפְקִיעַ מִיַּד מַעֲשֵׂר, וְהֵן שֶׁלּוֹ — דְּאָמַר לֵיהּ: קָאָתֵינָא מִכֹּחַ גַּבְרָא דְּלָא מָצֵית (אִישְׁתַּעֵית) [אִישְׁתַּעוֹיֵי] דִּינָא בַּהֲדֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rather,** clearly **a Jew smoothed them** while they were **in the possession of the gentile** before purchasing them. Therefore, **he tithes them, as a gentile has no** capability of **acquisition** of land **in Eretz Yisrael that would cause the abrogation** of the sanctity of the land, thereby removing it **from** the obligation to **tithe** its produce. **But** the tithes **are** still the Jew’s, **as** he **says to** the priest: **I have come** to own this produce **on the basis of** the rights of **a man with whom you cannot engage in litigation,** i.e., a gentile, from whom I bought the produce. Since he is not obligated to give *teruma* or tithes to the priest, I am not required to give them either.


###### Bekhorot 11b:4
[Bekhorot 11b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/11b:4)

תְּנַן הָתָם: הַמַּפְקִיד פֵּירוֹתָיו אֵצֶל הַכּוּתִי וְאֵצֶל עַם הָאָרֶץ, בְּחֶזְקָתָן לַמַּעֲשֵׂר וְלַשְּׁבִיעִית.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara cites an additional discussion involving this issue: **We learned** in a mishna **elsewhere** (*Demai* 3:4) that with regard to **one who deposits his produce with a Samaritan or with one who is unreliable with regard to tithes [*am ha’aretz*],** when they return it to him, the produce retains **its presumptive status with regard to** the *halakhot* of **tithe and** produce of the **Sabbatical** Year, both of which must be removed from one’s property. The Samaritan or *am ha’aretz* is not suspected of having exchanged the deposited produce with untithed produce or produce of the Sabbatical Year.


###### Bekhorot 11b:5
[Bekhorot 11b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/11b:5)

אֵצֶל הַגּוֹי — כְּפֵירוֹתָיו, רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר: דְּמַאי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
But in the case of one who deposits his produce **with a gentile,** the produce returned to him is treated **as the produce of** the gentile, as he presumably exchanged it with his own. **Rabbi Shimon says:** It is treated as **doubtfully tithed produce [*demai*],** as it is uncertain whether the gentile exchanged the produce or not.


###### Bekhorot 11b:6
[Bekhorot 11b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/11b:6)

אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר: לְהַפְרִישׁ — כּוּלֵּי עָלְמָא לָא פְּלִיגִי, כִּי פְּלִיגִי — לִיתְּנָן לְכֹהֵן. תַּנָּא קַמָּא סָבַר: וַדַּאי חַלְּפִינְהוּ, וּבָעֵי מִיתְּנַנְהוּ לְכֹהֵן, וְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן סָבַר: דְּמַאי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The mishna continues: **Rabbi Elazar says: Everyone agrees** that one is obligated **to separate** *teruma* and tithes from the produce that the gentile returned to him. **When they disagree** it is **with regard to giving it to the priest** following the separation. **The first *tanna* holds** that the gentile **certainly exchanged** the produce, **and** therefore the owner **needs to give** the *teruma* **to the priest. And Rabbi Shimon holds** that the produce is treated as ***demai*,** so in order to receive *teruma*, the priest must bring proof that the produce requires tithing.


###### Bekhorot 11b:7
[Bekhorot 11b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/11b:7)

יָתֵיב רַב דִּימִי וְקָאָמַר לְהָא שְׁמַעְתָּא, אֲמַר לֵיהּ אַבָּיֵי: טַעְמָא דִּמְסַפְּקָא לַן אִי חַלְּפִינְהוּ אִי לָא חַלְּפִינְהוּ, הָא וַדַּאי חַלְּפִינְהוּ — דְּכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא בָּעֵי לְמִיתְּבִינְהוּ לְכֹהֵן, וְהָאָמַר רַבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא: הַלּוֹקֵחַ טְבָלִים מִן הַגּוֹי מְמוֹרָחִין — מְעַשְּׂרָן וְהֵן שֶׁלּוֹ!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Dimi sat and stated this *halakha*** of Rabbi Elazar. **Abaye said to him: The reason** that Rabbi Shimon disagrees is **that we are uncertain whether** the gentile **exchanged it** or **whether he did not exchange it. But** if **he definitely exchanged it, everyone** agrees **that** he is **required to give** the *teruma* and tithes **to a priest.** Why? **But doesn’t Rabbi Shmuel say** that **Rabbi Ḥanina says:** In the case of **one who purchases untithed produce from a gentile** that is gathered in **smoothed** piles, i.e., it was completely processed, **he tithes** and separates *teruma* from the piles of produce **but they are his,** and he is not required to give the *teruma* to a priest?


###### Bekhorot 11b:8
[Bekhorot 11b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/11b:8)

דִּלְמָא כָּאן בִּתְרוּמָה גְּדוֹלָה, כָּאן בִּתְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Dimi said to him: **Perhaps here,** in the mishna that indicates that he must give the *teruma* to a priest, it is referring **to *teruma gedola*,** i.e., the *teruma* that is separated from the produce before tithes, whereas **there,** Rabbi Ḥanina’s statement that he separates tithes from them but they are his is referring **to** the ***teruma*** that is separated from **the tithe.**


###### Bekhorot 11b:9
[Bekhorot 11b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/11b:9)

אַזְכַּרְתַּן מִילְּתָא דְּאָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי: מִנַּיִן לַלּוֹקֵחַ טְבָלִים מְמוֹרָחִין מִן הַגּוֹי שֶׁהוּא פָּטוּר מִתְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר? שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וְאֶל הַלְוִיִּם תְּדַבֵּר וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵיהֶם כִּי תִקְחוּ מֵאֵת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל״, טְבָלִים שֶׁאַתָּה לוֹקֵחַ מִבְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל — אַתָּה מַפְרִישׁ מֵהֶן תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר וְנוֹתְנָהּ לַכֹּהֵן, טְבָלִים שֶׁאַתָּה לוֹקֵחַ מִן הַגּוֹי — אִי אַתָּה מַפְרִישׁ מֵהֶן תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר וְנוֹתְנָהּ לַכֹּהֵן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Abaye said to him: **You reminded me of a statement that Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said: From where** is it derived **that one who purchases from a gentile untithed produce** that is gathered in **smoothed** piles **is exempt from** separating the ***teruma* of the tithe?** It is derived from a verse, **as it is stated: “And you shall speak to the Levites, and say to them: When you take** the tithe from **the children of Israel**…then you shall set apart of it a gift for the Lord, even a tithe of the tithe” (Numbers 18:26). It can be inferred from here that concerning **untithed produce that you purchase from the children of Israel, you separate *teruma* of the tithe from it and give** the *teruma* of the tithe **to a priest,** but concerning **untithed produce that you purchase from a gentile, you do not separate *teruma* of the tithe from it and give it to a priest.**


###### Bekhorot 11b:10
[Bekhorot 11b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/11b:10)

וְאִם מֵת נֶהֱנִים בּוֹ. דְּמִית הֵיכָא? אִילֵּימָא דְּמִית בֵּי כֹהֵן, וְנֶהֱנֶה בּוֹ כֹּהֵן — פְּשִׁיטָא, מָמוֹנָא דִּידֵיהּ הוּא! אֶלָּא, דְּמִית בֵּי בְעָלִים וְנֶהֱנֶה בּוֹ כֹּהֵן — הָא נָמֵי פְּשִׁיטָא!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna teaches with regard to the lamb that is used to redeem the firstborn donkey: **And if it dies, one may derive benefit from it.** The Gemara asks: **Where did it die? If we say that it died** in **the house of the priest, and** the mishna means that **the priest may derive benefit from it,** isn’t it **obvious?** The lamb **is his property. Rather,** perhaps the mishna means **that it died** in **the house of the owner** before it was given to the priest, **and** teaches that **the priest may derive benefit from it.** Isn’t **this also obvious?**


###### Bekhorot 11b:11
[Bekhorot 11b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/11b:11)

סָלְקָא דַעְתָּךְ אָמֵינָא, כֹּל כַּמָּה דְּלָא מְטָא לִידֵיהּ לָא זְכָה בֵּיהּ, קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן דְּמֵעִידָּנָא דְּאַפְרְשֵׁיהּ, בִּרְשׁוּתֵיהּ דְּכֹהֵן קָאֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara responds: It might **enter your mind to say** that **as long as** the lamb **has not reached the possession of** the priest, the priest **has not acquired it.** Therefore, the mishna **teaches us that from the time that** the Israelite **separated it, it stands in the possession of the priest.**