## Bekhorot Daf 23a

###### Bekhorot 23a:1
[Bekhorot 23a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/23a:1)

לְרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר מָה תְּהֵא עֲלֵיהֶן? יֹאכְלוּ נִקּוּדִין, אוֹ קְלָיוֹת, אוֹ יִלּוֹשׁוּ בְּמֵי פֵירוֹת, אוֹ תִּתְחַלֵּק לְעִיסּוֹת, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא כְּבֵיצָה בְּמָקוֹם אֶחָד. וְאָמַר עוּלָּא: מָה טַעַם? גְּזֵירָה שֶׁמָּא יָבִיא קַב חוּלִּין טְמֵאִים מִמָּקוֹם אַחֵר וְקַב וְעוֹד מִמִּין זֶה, סָבַר אֱיבַטְּלִינְהוּ בְּרוּבָּא, וְכֵיוָן דְּאִיכָּא הַאי מַשֶּׁהוּ — מָצָא מִין אֶת מִינוֹ וְנֵיעוֹר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**according to Rabbi Eliezer, what will be with them? Let them be eaten dry or roasted, or kneaded with fruit juice, or divided** into **small batches, provided that** there is **not an egg-bulk** of volume **in a single** batch. **And Ulla says: What is the reason** that the mixture may not be allowed to come in contact with water, despite the fact that it is entirely non-sacred? It is a rabbinic **decree, lest one bring a *kav* of non-sacred, impure** produce **from** some **other place and** take **a *kav* and** a little **more from this** mixture. Then he will **think** to himself: **I will nullify** the *kav* of impure produce **with the majority** of pure produce from the mixture. **But since there is some amount** of impure produce in the mixture, the **type** that was nullified **found its** own **type and is revived** in its impure state.


###### Bekhorot 23a:2
[Bekhorot 23a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/23a:2)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אִם טוּמְאָה עוֹרֶרֶת טוּמְאָה, טׇהֳרָה עוֹרֶרֶת טוּמְאָה?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Abaye **said to** Rav Dimi: That proof is not conclusive. Even **if impurity revives impurity,** as in the case of *teruma* where the *kav* of produce is impure, why should it be assumed that **purity revives impurity,** as is suggested with regard to the fish brine, where the water in the pot is pure?


###### Bekhorot 23a:3
[Bekhorot 23a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/23a:3)

אֵיתִיבֵיהּ: אֵפֶר כָּשֵׁר שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב בְּאֵפֶר מִקְלֶה, הוֹלְכִין אַחַר הָרוֹב לְטַמֵּא, וְאִי רוּבָּא אֵפֶר מִקְלֶה הוּא — לָא מְטַמֵּא. וְאִי אָמְרַתְּ: טוּמְאָה כְּמַאן דְּאִיתֵיהּ דָּמֵי, נְהִי דִּבְמַגָּע לָא מְטַמֵּא — לְטַמֵּא בְּמַשָּׂא!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Abaye **raised an objection to** the opinion of Rabbi Yirmeya from a mishna (*Para* 9:7): If the **ashes** of a red heifer, which impart ritual impurity to the priests involved in its ritual and are **fit** for sprinkling on someone impure with impurity imparted by a corpse, **became intermingled with** regular **burned ashes, we follow the majority** in order **to** determine whether or not the mixture is **impure. And** therefore, **if** the **majority is** composed of the regular **burned ashes,** the mixture does **not impart impurity.** Abaye explains the objection: **And if you say** nullified **impurity is considered like an item that is** nevertheless present in the mixture and can be revived, then **although** the mixture **does not impart impurity through** physical **contact** as it is assumed that one touches the majority, **let it impart impurity through carrying** due to the ashes of the red heifer.


###### Bekhorot 23a:4
[Bekhorot 23a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/23a:4)

הָא אִיתְּמַר עֲלַהּ, אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּרַבִּי חֲנִינָא: טָהוֹר מִלְּטַמֵּא בְּמַגָּע, אֲבָל מְטַמֵּא בְּמַשָּׂא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Dimi responded: In fact, **it was stated with regard to that** mishna that **Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Ḥanina, says:** The mixture is **pure** in the sense that it does not **impart impurity through contact, but it** does **impart impurity through carrying.**


###### Bekhorot 23a:5
[Bekhorot 23a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/23a:5)

וְהָאָמַר רַב חִסְדָּא: נְבֵילָה בְּטֵילָה בִּשְׁחוּטָה, שֶׁאִי אֶפְשָׁר לִנְבֵילָה שֶׁתֵּיעָשֶׂה שְׁחוּטָה. נְהִי דִּבְמַגָּע לָא מְטַמֵּא, לְטַמֵּא בְּמַשָּׂא!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Abaye responded: **But doesn’t Rav Ḥisda say:** If meat from an animal carcass, which imparts ritual impurity, was mixed with the meat of a slaughtered animal, the meat from the **carcass is nullified by** the meat of the **slaughtered animal** in the event that the ritually pure meat constitutes a majority. The reason is **that it is impossible for a carcass to become a slaughtered** animal, i.e., a ritually slaughtered animal can never have the status of a carcass with regard to impurity. Abaye explains the difficulty: **Granted that it does not impart impurity through contact,** but if the impurity is considered present to some extent **let** the mixture **impart impurity through carrying.**


###### Bekhorot 23a:6
[Bekhorot 23a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/23a:6)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אַתּוּן בִּדְרַב חִסְדָּא מַתְנִיתוּ לַהּ, אֲנַן בִּדְרַבִּי חִיָּיא מַתְנֵינַן לַהּ. תָּנֵי רַבִּי חִיָּיא: נְבֵילָה וּשְׁחוּטָה בְּטֵילוֹת זוֹ בָּזוֹ, וְאִיתְּמַר עֲלַהּ, אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּרַבִּי חֲנִינָא: טָהוֹר מִלְּטַמֵּא בְּמַגָּע, אֲבָל מְטַמֵּא בְּמַשָּׂא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Dimi **said to** Abaye: **You learned** the mishna **according to** the interpretation of **Rav Ḥisda,** but **we learned it according to** the interpretation of **Rabbi Ḥiyya,** as **Rabbi Ḥiyya teaches:** With regard to meat from **an animal carcass and** meat from **a slaughtered** animal, **one nullifies the other,** depending on the majority. **And it was stated with regard to this** ruling that **Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Ḥanina, says:** If the majority is from a slaughtered animal the mixture is **pure** in the sense that it does not **impart impurity through contact, but it** does **impart impurity through carrying.**


###### Bekhorot 23a:7
[Bekhorot 23a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/23a:7)

וְהָא דִּתְנַן: רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב אוֹמֵר: בְּהֵמָה גַּסָּה שֶׁשָּׁפְעָה חֲרָרַת דָּם — הֲרֵי זוֹ תִּקָּבֵר, וְנִפְטְרָה מִן הַבְּכוֹרָה. וְתָנֵי רַבִּי חִיָּיא: אֵינָהּ מְטַמְּאָה לֹא בְּמַגָּע וְלֹא בְּמַשָּׂא. אַמַּאי? דִּנְהִי בְּמַגָּע לָא מְטַמֵּא, תְּטַמֵּא בְּמַשָּׂא! אִישְׁתִּיק.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Abaye raised another difficulty: **And that which we learned** in our mishna contradicts your opinion, as **Rabbi Eliezer ben Yaakov says:** In the case of **a large animal that expelled a mass of** congealed **blood, that** mass **must be buried, and** the animal **is exempt from** having any future offspring counted **a firstborn. And Rabbi Ḥiyya teaches** with regard to this ruling: That mass **does not impart** ritual **impurity,** neither **through** physical **contact nor through carrying.** But **why?** If Rav Dimi is correct, then **granted it does not impart impurity through contact,** but **let it** nevertheless **impart impurity through carrying.** Rav Dimi **was silent** in response.


###### Bekhorot 23a:8
[Bekhorot 23a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/23a:8)

דִּלְמָא, וַדַּאי שָׁאנֵי הָכָא, דְּהָוְיָא לַהּ טוּמְאָה סְרוּחָה. הָנִיחָא לְבַר פְּדָא, דְּאָמַר: טוּמְאָה חֲמוּרָה עַד לְגֵר, וְטוּמְאָה קַלָּה עַד לְכֶלֶב, הָא לָא חַזְיָא לְגֵר. אֶלָּא לְרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן דְּאָמַר:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: Why was Rav Dimi silent? **Perhaps** the *halakha* **is different here, as it is decayed impurity,** since an animal carcass that has rotted does not impart impurity at all. The Gemara comments: **This works out well according to** the opinion of **bar Padda, who says:** An item with **severe** ritual **impurity,** such as that of a nonviable newborn, imparts impurity to substances **until** it is rotted to the degree that it is no longer fit to be consumed **by a gentile** who observes certain mitzvot [*ger toshav*], who is permitted to consume it; **but** an item with **light impurity,** which transmits impurity only by contact, imparts impurity to substances **until** it is no longer fit to be eaten **by a dog.** And as **this** congealed mass is **not fit** to be eaten **by a *ger*** *toshav* it does not impart impurity. **But according to Rabbi Yoḥanan, who says:**