## Bekhorot Daf 46a

###### Bekhorot 46a:1
[Bekhorot 46a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/46a:1)

לֵיהּ אַדַּעַת רַבִּים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**to** the priest based **on the consent of the public,** making it a type of vow that cannot be dissolved without their consent.


###### Bekhorot 46a:2
[Bekhorot 46a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/46a:2)

אָמַר אַמֵּימָר: הִלְכְתָא, אֲפִילּוּ לְמַאן דְּאָמַר נֶדֶר שֶׁהוּדַּר בָּרַבִּים יֵשׁ לוֹ הֲפָרָה, עַל דַּעַת הָרַבִּים אֵין לוֹ הֲפָרָה. וְהָנֵי מִילֵּי לִדְבַר הָרְשׁוּת, אֲבָל לִדְבַר מִצְוָה יֵשׁ לוֹ הֲפָרָה. כִּי הָהוּא דְּמַקְרֵי דַרְדְּקֵי, אַדְּרֵיהּ רַב אַחָא דְּקָא פָשַׁע בְּיָנוֹקֵי, וְאַהְדְּרֵיהּ רָבִינָא, דְּלָא אַשְׁכַּח דַּהֲוָה דָּיֵיק כְּוָותֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Ameimar says:** The ***halakha*** is as follows: **Even according to the one who says a vow that was taken in public has** the option of **nullification,** if it was taken based **on the consent of the public** it **has no** option of **nullification.** The Gemara comments: **And this matter applies** only to when the nullification of a vow is in order to enable one **to** perform **an optional matter, but to** enable one to perform **a matter of a mitzva it has** the option of **nullification. As** in the incident involving **a certain teacher of children,**upon **whom Rav Aḥa administered a vow** to cease teaching based **on the consent of the public, as he was negligent with regard to the children** by hitting them too much; **and Ravina** had his vow nullified and **reinstated him, as they did not find** another teacher **who was as meticulous as he** was.


###### Bekhorot 46a:3
[Bekhorot 46a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/46a:3)

וְהַמִּטַּמֵּא לְמֵתִים כּוּ׳. מַאי שְׁנָא הָכָא דְּסַגִּי לֵיהּ בְּקַבָּלָה, וּמַאי שְׁנָא הָתָם דְּמַדְּרִינַן לֵיהּ? הָתָם יִצְרוֹ תְּקָפוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna teaches that a priest **who becomes impure** through exposure **to corpses** is disqualified from performing the Temple service until he accepts upon himself that he will no longer become impure in that manner. The Gemara asks: **What is different here that it is sufficient for him** merely to **accept** upon himself a commitment in order to continue serving in the Temple, **and what is different there,** where the priest marries by a transgression, **that we administer a vow to him?** The Gemara responds: **There his desire seizes him,** and it is therefore necessary for the priest to take a vow.


###### Bekhorot 46a:4
[Bekhorot 46a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/46a:4)

**הֲדַרַן עֲלָךְ מוּמִין אֵלּוּ.**


###### Bekhorot 46a:5
[Bekhorot 46a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/46a:5)

מַתְנִי׳ **יֵשׁ בְּכוֹר לַנַּחֲלָה**, וְאֵינוֹ בְּכוֹר לַכֹּהֵן; בְּכוֹר לִכְהֵן, וְאֵינוֹ בְּכוֹר לַנַּחֲלָה; בְּכוֹר לַנַּחֲלָה וְלַכֹּהֵן, וְיֵשׁ שֶׁאֵינוֹ בְּכוֹר לֹא לַנַּחֲלָה וְלֹא לַכֹּהֵן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** **There is** a son who is **a firstborn with regard to inheritance but is not a firstborn with regard to** the requirement of redemption from **a priest.** There is another who is **a firstborn with regard to** redemption from **a priest but is not a firstborn with regard to inheritance.** There is another who is **a firstborn with regard to inheritance and with regard to** redemption from **a priest. And there is** another **who is not a firstborn** at all, **neither with regard to inheritance nor with regard to** redemption from **a priest.**


###### Bekhorot 46a:6
[Bekhorot 46a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/46a:6)

אֵיזֶהוּ בְּכוֹר לַנַּחֲלָה וְאֵינוֹ בְּכוֹר לַכֹּהֵן? הַבָּא אַחַר נְפָלִים, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיָּצָא אֶת רֹאשׁוֹ חַי, וּבֶן תִּשְׁעָה שֶׁיָּצָא רֹאשׁוֹ מֵת, הַמַּפֶּלֶת כְּמִין בְּהֵמָה חַיָּה וָעוֹף — דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Which is** the son who is **a firstborn with regard to inheritance but is not a firstborn with regard to** redemption from **a priest?** It is a son **who came after miscarriage** of an underdeveloped fetus, **even where** the **head** of the underdeveloped fetus **emerged alive; or** after a fully developed **nine-**month**-old** fetus **whose head emerged dead.** The same applies to a son born to a woman **who** had previously **miscarried** a fetus that had the appearance of **a type of domesticated animal, undomesticated animal, or bird,** as that is considered the opening of the womb. This is **the statement of Rabbi Meir.**


###### Bekhorot 46a:7
[Bekhorot 46a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/46a:7)

וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים: עַד שֶׁיְּהֵא בּוֹ מִצּוּרַת אָדָם. הַמַּפֶּלֶת סַנְדָּל, אוֹ שִׁלְיָא, אוֹ שַׁפִּיר מְרוּקָּם, וְהַיּוֹצֵא מְחוּתָּךְ — הַבָּא אַחֲרֵיהֶם בְּכוֹר לַנַּחֲלָה, וְאֵין בְּכוֹר לַכֹּהֵן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And the Rabbis say:** The son is not exempted from the requirement of redemption from a priest **unless** his birth follows the birth of an animal **that takes the form of a person.** In the case of a woman **who miscarries** a fetus in the form of **a sandal fish or** from whom **an afterbirth or a gestational sac** in which **tissue developed** emerged, **or** who delivered a fetus **that emerged in pieces,** the son **who follows these is a firstborn with regard to inheritance but is not a firstborn with regard to** redemption from **a priest.**


###### Bekhorot 46a:8
[Bekhorot 46a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/46a:8)

מִי שֶׁלֹּא הָיוּ לוֹ בָּנִים, וְנָשָׂא אִשָּׁה שֶׁכְּבָר יָלְדָה, עוֹדָהּ שִׁפְחָה וְנִשְׁתַּחְרְרָה, עוֹדָהּ נׇכְרִית וְנִתְגַּיְּירָה, מִשֶּׁבָּאת לְיִשְׂרָאֵל יָלְדָה — בְּכוֹר לַנַּחֲלָה וְאֵין בְּכוֹר לַכֹּהֵן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
In the case of a son born to **one who did not have sons and he married a woman who had already given birth;** or if he married a woman who gave birth when **she was still** a Canaanite **maidservant and she was** then **emancipated;** or one who gave birth when **she was still a gentile and she** then **converted,** and **when** the maidservant or the gentile **came to** join **the Jewish people she gave birth** to a male, that son is **a firstborn with regard to inheritance but is not a firstborn with regard to** redemption from **a priest.**


###### Bekhorot 46a:9
[Bekhorot 46a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/46a:9)

רַבִּי יוֹסֵי הַגְּלִילִי אוֹמֵר: בְּכוֹר לַנַּחֲלָה וְלַכֹּהֵן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״פֶּטֶר רֶחֶם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל״ — עַד שֶׁיִּפְטְרוּ רֶחֶם מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Yosei HaGelili says:** That son is **a firstborn with regard to inheritance and with regard to** redemption from **a priest, as it is stated:** “Whatever **opens the womb among** the children of **Israel”** (Exodus 13:2). This indicates that the halakhic status of a child born to the mother is not that of one who opens the womb **unless it opens the womb** of a woman **from the Jewish people.**


###### Bekhorot 46a:10
[Bekhorot 46a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/46a:10)

מִי שֶׁהָיוּ לוֹ בָּנִים וְנָשָׂא אִשָּׁה שֶׁלֹּא יָלְדָה, נִתְגַּיְּירָה מְעוּבֶּרֶת, נִשְׁתַּחְרְרָה מְעוּבֶּרֶת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
In the case of **one who had sons and married a woman who had not given birth;** or if he married a woman who **converted while** she was **pregnant,** or a Canaanite maidservant who **was emancipated while** she was **pregnant** and she gave birth to a son, he is a firstborn with regard to redemption from a priest, as he opened his mother’s womb, but he is not a firstborn with regard to inheritance, because he is not the firstborn of his father or because halakhically he has no father.


###### Bekhorot 46a:11
[Bekhorot 46a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/46a:11)

וְיָלְדָה הִיא וְכֹהֶנֶת הִיא, וּלְוִיָּה הִיא, וְאִשָּׁה שֶׁכְּבָר יָלְדָה, וְכֵן מִי שֶׁלֹּא שָׁהֲתָה לְאַחַר בַּעְלָהּ שְׁלֹשָׁה חֳדָשִׁים וְנִשֵּׂאת וְיָלְדָה, וְאֵינוֹ יָדוּעַ אִם בֶּן תִּשְׁעָה לָרִאשׁוֹן אִם בִּן שִׁבְעָה לָאַחֲרוֹן — בְּכוֹר לַכֹּהֵן וְאֵינוֹ בְּכוֹר לַנַּחֲלָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And** likewise, if an Israelite woman **and** the daughter or wife of **a priest,** neither of whom had given birth yet, or an Israelite woman **and** the daughter or wife of **a Levite,** or an Israelite woman **and a woman who had already given birth,** all women whose sons do not require redemption from the priest, **gave birth** in the same place and it is uncertain which son was born to which mother; **and likewise** a woman **who did not wait three months after** the death of **her husband and she married and gave birth, and it is unknown whether** the child was born after a pregnancy of **nine months** and is the **son of the first** husband, or **whether** he was born after a pregnancy of **seven months** and is the **son of the latter** husband, in all these cases the child is **a firstborn with regard to** redemption from **a priest but is not a firstborn with regard to inheritance.** Due to the uncertainty, he is unable to prove he is the firstborn of either father, and therefore he is not entitled to the double portion of the firstborn.