## Bekhorot Daf 7b

###### Bekhorot 7b:1
[Bekhorot 7b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:1)

הַטָּמֵא״, וְהָנֵי נָמֵי מִינָא דְּטָמֵא הוּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**the non-kosher** animal [*min hattamei*], one can infer that any type [*min*] of non-kosher substance is included. **And these** fluids, i.e., the urine of a donkey, **are also a type of non-kosher** substance, as they resemble the milk of a donkey, which is forbidden.


###### Bekhorot 7b:2
[Bekhorot 7b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:2)

וְאִיכָּא דְּאָמְרִי, דְּסוּסִים וּגְמַלִּים לָא קָא מִיבַּעְיָא לְהוּ, דְּלָא שָׁתוּ אִינָשֵׁי. כִּי קָמִיבַּעְיָא לְהוּ דַּחֲמוֹר, דְּשָׁתוּ אִינָשֵׁי וּמְעַלּוּ לְיַרְקוֹנָא, מַאי?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And there are** those **who say** there is a different version of the discussion about the urine of a donkey: With regard to the urine **of horses and camels,** the students of Rav Sheshet **did not raise the dilemma, because people do not drink** it. **When they raised the dilemma** it was with regard to the urine **of a donkey, which people drink and** which **is beneficial for** curing **jaundice. What,** then, is the *halakha*?


###### Bekhorot 7b:3
[Bekhorot 7b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:3)

אֲמַר לְהוּ רַב שֵׁשֶׁת, תְּנֵיתוּהָ: הַיּוֹצֵא מִן הַטָּמֵא טָמֵא, וְהַיּוֹצֵא מִן הַטָּהוֹר טָהוֹר — וְהָנֵי נָמֵי מִטָּמֵא קָאָתֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Sheshet said to them: You learned** the answer to your dilemma in the mishna: **That which emerges from the non-kosher** animal **is non-kosher and that which emerges from the kosher** animal **is kosher, and these** fluids **also come from** a donkey, which is **non-kosher.** Therefore, they are forbidden.


###### Bekhorot 7b:4
[Bekhorot 7b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:4)

מֵיתִיבִי: מִפְּנֵי מָה אָמְרוּ דְּבַשׁ דְּבוֹרִים מוּתָּר? מִפְּנֵי שֶׁמַּכְנִיסוֹת אוֹתוֹ לְגוּפָן, וְאֵין מְמַצּוֹת אוֹתוֹ מִגּוּפָן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara **raises an objection** from a *baraita*: **For what** reason did the Sages **say** that **the honey of bees is permitted?** It is **because they bring** the nectar from the flowers **into their body, but they do not excrete it from their body** as a bodily excretion. So too, the urine of a donkey is not an excretion produced by the body itself. Rather, it is simply ejected in the same form that it entered the body. Why, then, should it be forbidden?


###### Bekhorot 7b:5
[Bekhorot 7b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:5)

הוּא דְּאָמַר כְּרַבִּי יַעֲקֹב, דְּאָמַר: דּוּבְשָׁא רַחֲמָנָא שַׁרְיֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: Rav Sheshet **stated** his answer **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Ya’akov, who says** that with regard to **honey, the Merciful One permits it** as an exception to the principle that a substance that emerges from a non-kosher animal is non-kosher.


###### Bekhorot 7b:6
[Bekhorot 7b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:6)

דְּתַנְיָא, רַבִּי יַעֲקֹב אוֹמֵר: ״אַךְ אֶת זֶה תֹּאכְלוּ מִכֹּל שֶׁרֶץ הָעוֹף״ — זֶה אַתָּה אוֹכֵל, וְאִי אַתָּה אוֹכֵל שֶׁרֶץ עוֹף טָמֵא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
This is **as it is taught** in a *baraita*: **Rabbi Ya’akov says** that it is stated: **“Yet these may you eat of all winged creatures”** (Leviticus 11:21). The word “these” indicates that **you may eat these, but you may not eat a non-kosher winged creature.**


###### Bekhorot 7b:7
[Bekhorot 7b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:7)

שֶׁרֶץ עוֹף טָמֵא בְּהֶדְיָא כְּתִיב! אֶלָּא שֶׁרֶץ עוֹף טָמֵא אִי אַתָּה אוֹכֵל, אֲבָל אַתָּה אוֹכֵל מַה שֶּׁעוֹף טָמֵא מַשְׁרִיץ, וְאֵיזֶה זֶה? זֶה דְּבַשׁ דְּבוֹרִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: Why is this inference necessary? The prohibition against eating **a non-kosher winged creature is written explicitly:** “All winged creatures that go upon all fours are a repugnance to you” (Leviticus 11:20). **Rather,** the inference must be understood as follows: **You may not eat a non-kosher winged creature, but you may eat that which a non-kosher winged creature discharges** from its body, **and what is that? That is the honey of bees.**


###### Bekhorot 7b:8
[Bekhorot 7b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:8)

יָכוֹל אַף דְּבַשׁ הַגַּזִּין וְהַצִּירְעִין? אָמַרְתָּ: לֹא. וּמָה רָאִיתָ לְרַבּוֹת דְּבוֹרִים, וּלְהוֹצִיא הַגַּזִּין וְהַצִּירְעִין? מְרַבֶּה אֲנִי דְּבַשׁ דְּבוֹרִים שֶׁאֵין לוֹ שֵׁם לְוַוי, וּמוֹצִיא אֲנִי דְּבַשׁ הַגַּזִּין וְהַצִּירְעִין שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ שֵׁם לְוַוי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara cites the continuation of the *baraita*: One **might** have thought that **even the honey of *gizzin* and wasps** should be permitted. Nevertheless, **you** should **say no.** The *baraita* asks: **And what did you see to include** the honey of **bees** as being permitted to eat **and to exclude** the honey of ***gizzin* and wasps** as being forbidden? The *baraita* answers: **I include the honey of bees, as** its name **does not have a modifier,** i.e., the word honey alone always refers to the honey of bees. **And I exclude the honey of *gizzin* and wasps, which have a modifier,** i.e., one must always add the word *gizzin* or wasp to specify these particular types of honey.


###### Bekhorot 7b:9
[Bekhorot 7b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:9)

כְּמַאן אָזְלָא הָא דְּתַנְיָא: דְּבַשׁ הַגַּזִּין וְהַצִּירְעִין טָהוֹר וּמוּתָּר בַּאֲכִילָה? דְּלָא כְּרַבִּי יַעֲקֹב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara comments: **In accordance with whose** opinion **is that which is taught** in a *baraita*: **The honey of *gizzin* and wasps is not susceptible to ritual impurity and is permitted for consumption?** It is **not in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Ya’akov.**


###### Bekhorot 7b:10
[Bekhorot 7b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:10)

טָהוֹר — אַלְמָא בָּעֵי מַחְשָׁבָה. תַּנְיָא נָמֵי הָכִי: דְּבַשׁ בְּכַוַּורְתּוֹ מְטַמֵּא טוּמְאַת אֳוכָלִין שֶׁלֹּא בְּמַחְשָׁבָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara infers from the expression: **Is not susceptible** to **ritual impurity,** that **apparently,** in order for the honey of *gizzin* and wasps to become susceptible to ritual impurity it **requires** specific **intention** to eat it, which renders it food. Furthermore, the *baraita* indicates that honey from bees does not require specific intention to eat it in order for it to become susceptible, because it is normally used for food. **This is also taught** in a *baraita*: The **honey** of bees that is still **in its hive is susceptible** to **ritual impurity** as **food** even **without intent.**


###### Bekhorot 7b:11
[Bekhorot 7b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:11)

חָלֵי דְּיַחְמוּרְתָּא, סְבוּר רַבָּנַן לְמֵימַר: בֵּיעֵי נִינְהוּ וַאֲסִירָן. אָמַר רַב סָפְרָא: זַרְעָא דְּאַיָּלָא הוּא, דְּאָזֵיל בָּתַר אַיָּלְתָּא, וְאַיְּידֵי דְּרַחְמָהּ צַר לָא מִזְדַּקְקָא, וְאָזֵיל בָּתַר יַחְמוּרְתָּא וְנָתְרִי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara discusses additional cases of animal secretions. With regard to **chunks** that are discharged from the womb **of** a female **fallow deer, the Sages thought to say** that **they are** its **egg cells, and** therefore **are forbidden** as a limb severed from a living animal. **Rav Safra said: It is the semen of a hart, which pursues the hind, but since** the hind’s **womb is narrow it does not mate** with the hart, **and** instead the hart **pursues the** female **fallow deer** and mates with it, **and** chunks of its semen that have hardened **fall out** of the fallow deer’s body.


###### Bekhorot 7b:12
[Bekhorot 7b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:12)

אָמַר רַב הוּנָא: עוֹר הַבָּא כְּנֶגֶד פָּנָיו שֶׁל חֲמוֹר — מוּתָּר, מַאי טַעְמָא? פִּירְשָׁא בְּעָלְמָא הוּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Huna says: The skin that emerges opposite the face of a donkey** when it is born, i.e., the fetal sac that envelopes it during birth, is **permitted** to be consumed. **What is the reason? It is merely a secretion,** and is not an integral part of the mother or the offspring.


###### Bekhorot 7b:13
[Bekhorot 7b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:13)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב חִסְדָּא: תַּנְיָא דִּמְסַיַּע לָךְ: עוֹר הַבָּא כְּנֶגֶד פָּנָיו שֶׁל אָדָם, בֵּין חַי בֵּין מֵת — טָהוֹר. מַאי לָאו בֵּין הוּא חַי וְאִמּוֹ חַיָּה, בֵּין הוּא מֵת וְאִמּוֹ מֵתָה?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Ḥisda said to him:** That which **is taught** in a *baraita* **supports your** opinion: **The skin that emerges opposite the face of a person,** i.e., a newborn baby, **whether** the newborn is **alive or dead,** is **ritually pure** and does not transmit ritual impurity imparted by a corpse. **What, is it not** the case that **whether it is alive and its mother is alive** or **whether it is dead and its mother is dead,** it is not considered a part of the body of the fetus or the mother, but merely a secretion, and therefore even when they are both dead it does not transmit impurity?


###### Bekhorot 7b:14
[Bekhorot 7b:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:14)

לָא, בֵּין הוּא חַי וְאִמּוֹ מֵתָה, בֵּין הוּא מֵת וְאִמּוֹ חַיָּה. וְהָתַנְיָא: בֵּין הוּא חַי וְאִמּוֹ חַיָּה, בֵּין הוּא מֵת וְאִמּוֹ מֵתָה! אִי תַּנְיָא, תַּנְיָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Huna answered him: **No,** there is no proof from this *baraita*, as it may mean that **whether it is alive and its mother is dead** or **whether it is dead and its mother is alive,** meaning only one is alive, the skin is ritually pure. But if both are dead it is impure. Rav Ḥisda said to him: **But isn’t it taught** in a *baraita* that **whether it is alive and its mother is alive** or **whether it is dead and its mother is dead,** the skin is pure? Rav Huna said to Rav Ḥisda: **If this** *baraita* **is taught, it is taught,** and I cannot dispute it.


###### Bekhorot 7b:15
[Bekhorot 7b:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:15)

**מַתְנִי׳** דָּג טָמֵא שֶׁבָּלַע דָּג טָהוֹר, מוּתָּר בַּאֲכִילָה, וְטָהוֹר שֶׁבָּלַע דָּג טָמֵא, אָסוּר בַּאֲכִילָה, לְפִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ גִּידּוּלוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** In the case of **a non-kosher fish that swallowed a kosher fish, consumption** of the kosher fish is **permitted. And** in the case of **a kosher** fish **that swallowed a non-kosher fish, consumption** of the non-kosher fish is **prohibited due to** the fact **that** the host fish **is not** the place of **its development.**


###### Bekhorot 7b:16
[Bekhorot 7b:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:16)

**גְּמָ׳** טַעְמָא דַּחֲזֵינֵיהּ דִּבְלַע, הָא לָא חֲזֵינֵיהּ דִּבְלַע — אָמְרִי: אַשְׁרוֹצֵי אַשְׁרֵיץ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** The Gemara infers from the language of the mishna: In the case of a non-kosher fish that swallowed a kosher fish: **The reason** consumption of the kosher fish is permitted is **that we saw that** the non-kosher fish **swallowed** the kosher fish. **But** if **we did not see it swallow** the kosher fish **we say** that perhaps the non-kosher fish **spawned** the kosher fish, and it is forbidden.


###### Bekhorot 7b:17
[Bekhorot 7b:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:17)

מְנָלַן? דְּתַנְיָא: דָּג טָמֵא מַשְׁרִיץ, דָּג טָהוֹר מֵטִיל בֵּיצִים. אִי הָכִי, כִּי חָזֵינָא דִּבְלַע אָמְרִינַן: הַאי אִיעַכַּלָא, וְהַאי אַשְׁרוֹצֵי אַשְׁרֵיץ!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**From where do we** derive that we must have this concern? **As it is taught** in a *baraita*: **A non-kosher fish spawns** offspring, while **a kosher fish lays eggs** from which the offspring hatch. The Gemara challenges: **If so,** even **when we saw it swallowing** a kosher fish **we** should **say** that **that** fish that it swallowed **was digested, and this** one, which was found inside of the non-kosher fish, it **spawned,** and should be forbidden.


###### Bekhorot 7b:18
[Bekhorot 7b:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:18)

אָמַר רַב שֵׁשֶׁת: כְּגוֹן שֶׁמְּצָאוֹ דֶּרֶךְ הָרֶיעִי. רַב פָּפָּא אָמַר: כְּגוֹן שֶׁמְּצָאוֹ דֶּרֶךְ בֵּית הַבְּלִיעָה. רַב נַחְמָן אָמַר: כְּגוֹן שֶׁמְּצָאוֹ שָׁלֵם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Sheshet says:** It is referring to a case **where** one **found** the kosher fish in **the digestive tract,** which is not where the non-kosher fish normally spawns its offspring. **Rav Pappa says** similarly: It is referring to a case **where** one **found** the kosher fish in **the passageway of the gullet. Rav Naḥman says:** It is referring to a case **where** one **found it whole** and in complete form, and not as a newly hatched fish.


###### Bekhorot 7b:19
[Bekhorot 7b:19](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:19)

רַב אָשֵׁי אָמַר: רוֹב דָּגִים בְּמִינָן מַשְׁרִיצִין, וּכְמִי שֶׁבָּלַע לְפָנֵינוּ דָּמֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Ashi says:** Do not infer from the mishna that it is referring to a case where the non-kosher fish was seen swallowing the kosher fish. Rather, the reason it is permitted to consume the swallowed fish is that **the majority of fish spawn** offspring **of their** own **species, and** therefore the case of a kosher fish discovered inside a non-kosher fish **is considered as if** the non-kosher fish had **swallowed** the kosher fish **in our presence.**


###### Bekhorot 7b:20
[Bekhorot 7b:20](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Bekhorot/r/7b:20)

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: דָּג טָמֵא — מַשְׁרִיץ, דָּג טָהוֹר — מֵטִיל בֵּיצִים, כָּל הַמּוֹלִיד — מֵנִיק, וְכׇל הַמֵּטִיל בֵּיצִים — מְלַקֵּט, חוּץ מֵעֲטַלֵּף שֶׁאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁמֵּטִיל בֵּיצִים — מֵנִיק.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara cites the entirety of the previously mentioned *baraita*. **The Sages taught** that **a non-kosher fish spawns** its offspring, while **a kosher fish lays eggs. Any** animal **that gives birth** to its offspring **nurses** them, **and any** animal **that lays eggs gathers** food and feeds it to its young. This applies to all animals **except for a bat [*atallef* ], as although it lays eggs, it nurses** its young.