## Berakhot Daf 17b

###### Berakhot 17b:1
[Berakhot 17b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:1)

״אֵין פֶּרֶץ״ — שֶׁלֹּא תְּהֵא סִיעָתֵנוּ כְּסִיעָתוֹ שֶׁל דָּוִד שֶׁיָּצָא מִמֶּנּוּ אֲחִיתוֹפֶל. ״וְאֵין יוֹצֵאת״ — שֶׁלֹּא תְּהֵא סִיעָתֵנוּ כְּסִיעָתוֹ שֶׁל שָׁאוּל שֶׁיָּצָא מִמֶּנּוּ דּוֹאֵג הָאֲדוֹמִי. ״וְאֵין צְוָחָה״ — שֶׁלֹּא תְּהֵא סִיעָתֵנוּ כְּסִיעָתוֹ שֶׁל אֱלִישָׁע שֶׁיָּצָא מִמֶּנּוּ גֵּחֲזִי. ״בִּרְחוֹבוֹתֵינוּ״ — שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא לָנוּ בֵּן אוֹ תַּלְמִיד שֶׁמַּקְדִּיחַ תַּבְשִׁילוֹ בָּרַבִּים, כְּגוֹן יֵשׁוּ הַנּוֹצְרִי.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
**“There is no breach”; that our faction** of Sages **should not be like the faction of David, from which Ahitophel emerged,** who caused a breach in the kingdom of David. 
**“And no going forth”; that our faction should not be like the faction of Saul, from which Doeg the Edomite emerged,** who set forth on an evil path. 
**“And no outcry”; that our faction should not be like the faction of Elisha, from which Geihazi emerged.** 
**“In our open places”; that we should not have a child or student who overcooks his food in public,** i.e., who sins in public and causes others to sin, **as** in the well-known case of **Jesus the Nazarene.**


###### Berakhot 17b:2
[Berakhot 17b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:2)

״שִׁמְעוּ אֵלַי אַבִּירֵי לֵב הָרְחוֹקִים מִצְּדָקָה״, רַב וּשְׁמוּאֵל, וְאָמְרִי לַהּ רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן וְרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר. חַד אָמַר: כָּל הָעוֹלָם כּוּלּוֹ נִזּוֹנִין בִּצְדָקָה, וְהֵם נִזּוֹנִין בִּזְרוֹעַ. וְחַד אָמַר: כָּל הָעוֹלָם כּוּלּוֹ נִזּוֹנִין בִּזְכוּתָם, וְהֵם אֲפִילּוּ בִּזְכוּת עַצְמָן אֵין נִזּוֹנִין. כִּדְרַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר רַב.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
Having cited a dispute with regard to the interpretation of a verse where we are uncertain whether the dispute is between Rav and Shmuel or Rabbi Yoḥanan and Rabbi Elazar, the Gemara cites another verse with regard to which there is a similar dispute. It is said: **“Hear Me, stubborn-hearted who are far from charity”** (Isaiah 46:12). While both agree that the verse refers to the righteous, **Rav and Shmuel, and some say Rabbi Yoḥanan and Rabbi Elazar,** disagreed as to how to interpret the verse. **One said: The entire world is sustained by** God’s **charity,** not because it deserves to exist, **while** the righteous who are far from God’s charity **are sustained by force,** as due to their own good deeds they have the right to demand their sustenance. **And one said: The entire world is sustained by the merit** of **their** righteousness, **while they are not sustained** at all, **not even by their own merit, in accordance with** the statement that **Rav Yehuda** said that **Rav said.**


###### Berakhot 17b:3
[Berakhot 17b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:3)

דְּאָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר רַב: בְּכָל יוֹם וְיוֹם בַּת קוֹל יוֹצֵאת מֵהַר חוֹרֵב וְאוֹמֶרֶת: כָּל הָעוֹלָם כּוּלּוֹ נִזּוֹנִין בִּשְׁבִיל חֲנִינָא בְּנִי, וַחֲנִינָא בְּנִי דַּי לוֹ בְּקַב חָרוּבִין מֵעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת לְעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
**As Rav Yehuda said** that **Rav said: Every day a Divine Voice emerges from Mount Horeb and says: The entire world is sustained by** the merit of **Ḥanina** ben Dosa, **my son, and** for **Ḥanina, my son, a *kav* of carobs is sufficient** to sustain him for an entire week, **from** one **Shabbat eve to** the next **Shabbat eve.**


###### Berakhot 17b:4
[Berakhot 17b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:4)

וּפְלִיגָא דְּרַב יְהוּדָה. דְּאָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה מַאן ״אַבִּירֵי לֵב״ — גּוֹבָאֵי טַפְשָׁאֵי. אָמַר רַב יוֹסֵף: תִּדַּע, דְּהָא לָא אִיגַּיַּיר גִּיּוֹרָא מִינַּיְיהוּ.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
**And** this exegesis **disagrees with** the opinion of **Rav Yehuda, as Rav Yehuda said, who are the stubborn-hearted?** They are the **foolish** heathens **of Gova’ei. Rav Yosef said: Know** that this is so, **as no convert has ever converted from their** ranks.


###### Berakhot 17b:5
[Berakhot 17b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:5)

אָמַר רַב אָשֵׁי: בְּנֵי מָתָא מַחְסֵיָא ״אַבִּירֵי לֵב״ נִינְהוּ, דְּקָא חָזוּ יְקָרָא דְאוֹרָיְיתָא תְּרֵי זִמְנֵי בְּשַׁתָּא, וְלָא קָמִגַּיַּיר גִּיּוֹרָא מִינַּיְיהוּ.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
Similarly, **Rav Ashi said:** The heathen residents **of** the city **Mata Meḥasya are the stubborn-hearted, as they witness the glory of the Torah twice a year** at the *kalla* gatherings in Adar and Elul, when thousands of people congregate and study Torah *en masse*, **yet no convert has ever converted from their** ranks.


###### Berakhot 17b:6
[Berakhot 17b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:6)

חָתָן אִם רוֹצֶה לִקְרוֹת וְכוּ׳.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
We learned in our mishna that **if a groom wishes to recite** *Shema* on the first night of his marriage, he may do so, and Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel prohibited doing so because of the appearance of presumptuousness.


###### Berakhot 17b:7
[Berakhot 17b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:7)

לְמֵימְרָא דְּרַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל חָיֵישׁ לְיוּהֲרָא וְרַבָּנַן לָא חָיְישִׁי לְיוּהֲרָא, וְהָא אִיפְּכָא שָׁמְעִינַן לְהוּ! דִּתְנַן: מָקוֹם שֶׁנָּהֲגוּ לַעֲשׂוֹת מְלָאכָה בְּתִשְׁעָה בְּאָב — עוֹשִׂין. מָקוֹם שֶׁנָּהֲגוּ שֶׁלֹּא לַעֲשׂוֹת — אֵין עוֹשִׂין. וְכָל מָקוֹם תַּלְמִידֵי חֲכָמִים בְּטֵלִים. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר: לְעוֹלָם יַעֲשֶׂה כָּל אָדָם אֶת עַצְמוֹ כְּתַלְמִיד חָכָם.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
The Gemara asks: **Is that to say that Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel is concerned about presumptuousness and the Rabbis are not concerned about presumptuousness? Didn’t we learn** that **they** say **the opposite? As we learned** in a mishna: **A place where they were accustomed to perform labor on Ninth of Av, one** may **perform** labor. **A place where they were accustomed not to perform** labor on Ninth of Av, **one** may **not perform** labor. **And everywhere, Torah scholars are idle** and do not perform labor. **Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says:** With regard to performing labor on the Ninth of Av, **one should always conduct himself as a Torah scholar.**


###### Berakhot 17b:8
[Berakhot 17b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:8)

קַשְׁיָא דְּרַבָּנַן אַדְּרַבָּנַן, קַשְׁיָא דְּרַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אַדְּרַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל!

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
If so, **there is a contradiction between** the statement of **the Rabbis** here **and** the statement of **the Rabbis** there. And, **there is a contradiction between** the statement of **Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel** here **and** the statement of **Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel** there.


###### Berakhot 17b:9
[Berakhot 17b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:9)

אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: מוּחְלֶפֶת הַשִּׁיטָה. רַב שִׁישָׁא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב אִידִי אָמַר: לְעוֹלָם לֹא תַּחְלִיף. דְּרַבָּנַן אַדְּרַבָּנַן לָא קַשְׁיָא: קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע, כֵּיוָן דְּכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא קָא קָרוּ וְאִיהוּ נָמֵי קָרֵי — לָא מִיחְזֵי כְּיוּהֲרָא. הָכָא, כֵּיוָן דְּכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא עָבְדִי מְלָאכָה וְאִיהוּ לָא קָא עָבֵיד — מִיחְזֵי כְּיוּהֲרָא.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
**Rabbi Yoḥanan said: The attribution** of the opinions **is reversed** in one of the sources in the interest of avoiding contradiction. **Rav Sheisha, son of Rav Idi, said: Actually,** you need **not reverse** the opinions, as the contradiction between the statement of **the Rabbis** here **and** the statement of **the Rabbis** there **is not difficult.** In the case of **the recitation of *Shema*** on his wedding night, **since everyone is reciting** *Shema* **and he is also reciting** *Shema*, he is not conspicuous and **it does not appear as presumptuousness. Here,** in the case of the Ninth of Av, however, **since everyone is performing labor and he is not performing labor,** his idleness is conspicuous and **appears as presumptuousness.**


###### Berakhot 17b:10
[Berakhot 17b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:10)

דְּרַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אַדְּרַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל לָא קַשְׁיָא: הָתָם בְּכַוָּנָה תַלְיָא מִילְּתָא, וַאֲנַן סָהֲדֵי דְּלָא מָצֵי לְכַוּוֹנֵי דַּעְתֵּיהּ. אֲבָל הָכָא, הָרוֹאֶה אוֹמֵר: מְלָאכָה הוּא דְּאֵין לוֹ. פּוּק חֲזִי כַּמָּה בַּטְלָנֵי אִיכָּא בְּשׁוּקָא.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
So too, the contradiction **between** the statement of **Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel** here **and** the statement of **Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel** there **is not difficult. There,** in the case of the recitation of *Shema* on his wedding night, **the matter is dependent upon his** capacity to **concentrate,** and **it is clear to all** that **he is unable to concentrate.** Reciting *Shema* under those circumstances is a display of presumptuousness. **But here,** in the case of the Ninth of Av, **one who sees** him idle **says: It is** because **he has no labor** to perform. **Go out and see how many idle people there are in the marketplace,** even on days when one is permitted to work. Consequently, his idleness is not conspicuous.


###### Berakhot 17b:11
[Berakhot 17b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:11)

**הדרן עלך היה קורא**

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
May we return to thee : Who reads.


###### Berakhot 17b:12
[Berakhot 17b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:12)

מַתְנִי׳ **מִי שֶׁמֵּתוֹ** מוּטָּל לְפָנָיו — פָּטוּר מִקְּרִיאַת שְׁמַע וּמִן הַתְּפִלָּה וּמִן הַתְּפִילִּין, וּמִכָּל מִצְוֹת הָאֲמוּרוֹת בַּתּוֹרָה.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
**MISHNA:** **One whose deceased** relative **is laid out** unburied **before him is exempt from the recitation of *Shema*, from** the *Amida* **prayer, and from** the mitzva to don **phylacteries, as well as all** positive **mitzvot mentioned in the Torah,** until the deceased has been buried.


###### Berakhot 17b:13
[Berakhot 17b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:13)

נוֹשְׂאֵי הַמִּטָּה וְחִלּוּפֵיהֶן, וְחִלּוּפֵי חִלּוּפֵיהֶן, אֶת שֶׁלִּפְנֵי הַמִּטָּה, וְאֶת שֶׁלְּאַחַר הַמִּטָּה. אֶת שֶׁלִּפְנֵי הַמִּטָּה צוֹרֶךְ בָּהֶם — פְּטוּרִין, וְאֶת שֶׁלְּאַחַר הַמִּטָּה צוֹרֶךְ בָּהֶם — חַיָּיבִין. וְאֵלּוּ וָאֵלּוּ פְּטוּרִים מִן הַתְּפִלָּה.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
With regard to **the pallbearers and their replacements and the replacements of their replacements, those** located **before the bier** who have not yet carried the deceased **and those** located **after the bier. Those before the bier who are needed** to carry the bier **are exempt** from reciting *Shema*; **while those after the bier,** even if **they are** still **needed** to carry it, since they have already carried the deceased, they are **obligated** to recite *Shema*. However, both **these and those are exempt from** reciting the *Amida* **prayer,** since they are preoccupied and are unable to focus and pray with the appropriate intent.


###### Berakhot 17b:14
[Berakhot 17b:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:14)

קָבְרוּ אֶת הַמֵּת וְחָזְרוּ, אִם יְכוֹלִין לְהַתְחִיל וְלִגְמוֹר עַד שֶׁלֹּא יַגִּיעוּ לַשּׁוּרָה — יַתְחִילוּ. וְאִם לָאו — לֹא יַתְחִילוּ.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
After **they buried the deceased and returned, if they** have sufficient time to **begin** to recite *Shema* **and conclude before they arrive at the row,** formed by those who attended the burial, through which the bereaved family will pass in order to receive consolation, **they should begin. If** they do **not** have sufficient time to conclude reciting the entire *Shema*, then **they should not begin.**


###### Berakhot 17b:15
[Berakhot 17b:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:15)

הָעוֹמְדִים בַּשּׁוּרָה, הַפְּנִימִיִּים — פְּטוּרִים, וְהַחִיצוֹנִים — חַיָּיבִים. נָשִׁים וַעֲבָדִים וּקְטַנִּים פְּטוּרִים מִקְּרִיאַת שְׁמַע וּמִן הַתְּפִילִּין, וְחַיָּיבִין בִּתְפִלָּה וּבִמְזוּזָה וּבְבִרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
And **those standing in the row, those** in the **interior** row, directly before whom the mourners will pass and who will console them, **are exempt** from reciting *Shema*, while **those** in the **exterior** row, who stand there only to show their respect, **are obligated** to recite *Shema*. **Women, slaves and minors are exempt from the recitation of *Shema* and from phylacteries, but are obligated in prayer, *mezuza* and Grace after Meals.**


###### Berakhot 17b:16
[Berakhot 17b:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:16)

**גְּמָ׳** מוּטָּל לְפָנָיו — אִין, וְשֶׁאֵינוֹ מוּטָּל לְפָנָיו — לָא.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
**GEMARA:** We learned in the mishna that one whose deceased relative is laid out before him is exempt from the recitation of *Shema* and other positive mitzvot. The Gemara deduces: When the corpse is **laid out before him, yes,** he is exempt, but when the corpse is **not** physically **laid out before him, no,** he is not exempt from these mitzvot.


###### Berakhot 17b:17
[Berakhot 17b:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/17b:17)

וּרְמִינְהִי: מִי שֶׁמֵּתוֹ מוּטָּל לְפָנָיו — אוֹכֵל בְּבַיִת אַחֵר, וְאִם אֵין לוֹ בַּיִת אַחֵר — אוֹכֵל בְּבֵית חֲבֵירוֹ, וְאִם אֵין לוֹ בֵּית חֲבֵירוֹ — עוֹשֶׂה מְחִיצָה וְאוֹכֵל, וְאִם אֵין לוֹ דָּבָר לַעֲשׂוֹת מְחִיצָּה — מַחֲזִיר פָּנָיו וְאוֹכֵל. וְאֵינוֹ מֵיסֵב וְאוֹכֵל. וְאֵינוֹ אוֹכֵל בָּשָׂר וְאֵינוֹ שׁוֹתֶה יַיִן, וְאֵינוֹ מְבָרֵךְ, וְאֵינוֹ מְזַמֵּן.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
The Gemara **raises a contradiction** from a *baraita*: **One whose deceased** relative **is laid out before him eats in another room. If he does not have another room, he eats in the house of a friend. If he does not have a friend’s house** available, **he makes a partition** between him and the deceased **and eats. If he does not have material** with which **to make a partition, he averts his face** from the dead and **eats. And** in any case, **he does not recline while he eats,** as reclining is characteristic of a festive meal. **Furthermore, he neither eats meat nor drinks wine, and does not recite** a **blessing** before eating, **and does not** recite the formula to **invite** the participants in the meal to join together in the Grace after Meals [*zimmun*], i.e., he is exempt from the obligation of Grace after Meals.