## Berakhot Daf 39b

###### Berakhot 39b:1
[Berakhot 39b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/39b:1)

אֶלָּא אָמַר רָבָא: מְבָרֵךְ וְאַחַר כָּךְ בּוֹצֵעַ.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
**Rather, Rava said:** When breaking bread, one **recites the blessing** over the complete loaf **and** only **afterwards, he breaks it.**


###### Berakhot 39b:2
[Berakhot 39b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/39b:2)

נְהַרְדָּעֵי עָבְדִי כְּרַבִּי חִיָּיא וְרַבָּנַן עָבְדִי כְּרָבָא. אָמַר רָבִינָא: אָמְרָה לִי אֵם, אֲבוּךְ עָבֵיד כְּרַבִּי חִיָּיא, דְּאָמַר רַבִּי חִיָּיא: צָרִיךְ שֶׁתִּכְלֶה בְּרָכָה עִם הַפַּת. וְרַבָּנַן עָבְדִי כְּרָבָא. וְהִלְכְתָא כְּרָבָא, דְּאָמַר מְבָרֵךְ וְאַחַר כָּךְ בּוֹצֵעַ.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
The Gemara relates: The Sages **of Neharde’a acted in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Ḥiyya** and would recite the blessing as they were breaking the bread and conclude the blessing as he finished breaking off the piece of bread. **And the Rabbis acted in accordance with** the opinion of **Rava** and would recite the blessing before breaking the bread. **Ravina said: My mother told me: Your father acted in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Ḥiyya, as Rabbi Ḥiyya said: The blessing must conclude with** the beginning of the breaking of **the** loaf of **bread. And the Rabbis acted in accordance with** the opinion of **Rava.** The Gemara concludes: **The *halakha*** is **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rava,** who **said** one **recites the blessing** over the complete loaf **and** only **afterwards he breaks it.**


###### Berakhot 39b:3
[Berakhot 39b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/39b:3)

אִיתְּמַר: הֵבִיאוּ לִפְנֵיהֶם פְּתִיתִין וּשְׁלֵמִין, אָמַר רַב הוּנָא: מְבָרֵךְ עַל הַפְּתִיתִין וּפוֹטֵר אֶת הַשְּׁלֵמִין. וְרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר: שְׁלֵמָה מִצְוָה מִן הַמּוּבְחָר. אֲבָל פְּרוּסָה שֶׁל חִטִּין וּשְׁלֵמָה מִן הַשְּׂעוֹרִין, דִּבְרֵי הַכֹּל מְבָרֵךְ עַל הַפְּרוּסָה שֶׁל חִטִּין, וּפוֹטֵר אֶת הַשְּׁלֵמָה שֶׁל שְׂעוֹרִין.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
**It was stated** that there was an amoraic dispute with regard to whether to recite the blessing over a whole loaf of bread or to recite it over a piece of bread: If **they brought pieces and whole** loaves of bread **before** those partaking of a meal, **Rav Huna said: One** may **recite the blessing over the pieces and** with that blessing **exempts the whole** loaves as well. **Rabbi Yoḥanan said: The optimal manner** in which to fulfill **the mitzva** is to recite the blessing over the **whole** loaf. **However,** if the **piece was of wheat** bread **and the whole** loaf **was of barley** bread, **everyone agrees** that **one recites a blessing over the piece of wheat** bread. Although it is a piece of bread, it is nevertheless of superior quality, **and** in so doing **one exempts the whole** loaf **of barley** bread.


###### Berakhot 39b:4
[Berakhot 39b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/39b:4)

אָמַר רַבִּי יִרְמְיָה בַּר אַבָּא כְּתַנָּאֵי: תּוֹרְמִין בָּצָל קָטָן שָׁלֵם, אֲבָל לֹא חֲצִי בָּצָל גָּדוֹל. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: לֹא כִי, אֶלָּא חֲצִי בָּצָל גָּדוֹל. מַאי לָאו בְּהָא קָמִיפַּלְגִי, דְּמָר סָבַר חָשׁוּב עָדִיף, וּמָר סָבַר שָׁלֵם עָדִיף.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
**Rabbi Yirmeya bar Abba said** that the dispute between Rav Huna and Rabbi Yoḥanan is **parallel** to a **tannaitic** dispute with regard to the *halakhot* of *teruma*. We learned: Even though the onions from which the *teruma* must be separated are divided equally between the two, **one separates *teruma* from a whole small onion but not from half of a large onion. Rabbi Yehuda says: No, rather,** he separates *teruma* from **half of a large onion. What, is it not that they disagree over this** point, **that** one **Sage,** Rabbi Yehuda, **held** that the **more significant takes precedence;** therefore half of a large onion which is of superior quality is preferable, **and** the first *tanna* **held** that the **whole** item **takes precedence?**


###### Berakhot 39b:5
[Berakhot 39b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/39b:5)

הֵיכָא דְּאִיכָּא כֹּהֵן, כּוּלֵּי עָלְמָא לָא פְּלִיגִי דְּחָשׁוּב עָדִיף. כִּי פְּלִיגִי דְּלֵיכָּא כֹּהֵן. דִּתְנַן: כׇּל מָקוֹם שֶׁיֵּשׁ כֹּהֵן — תּוֹרֵם מִן הַיָּפֶה, וְכׇל מָקוֹם שֶׁאֵין כֹּהֵן — תּוֹרֵם מִן הַמִּתְקַיֵּים. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: אֵין תּוֹרֵם אֶלָּא מִן הַיָּפֶה.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
The Gemara rejects this comparison: **Where there is a priest** who can immediately take the *teruma* from him, **everyone agrees** that **more significant takes precedence. When they disagree** is in a case **where there is no priest** there, **as we learned** in a mishna: **Everywhere that there is a priest, one separates *teruma* from the best, and whenever there is no priest, one separates *teruma* from that which will endure,** so that when a priest ultimately receives it, he will be able to derive benefit from it. **Rabbi Yehuda says: One** always **separates *teruma* only from the best,** even though it is not the longest-lasting.


###### Berakhot 39b:6
[Berakhot 39b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/39b:6)

אָמַר רַב נַחְמָן בַּר יִצְחָק: וִירֵא שָׁמַיִם יוֹצֵא יְדֵי שְׁנֵיהֶן, וּמַנּוּ? — מָר בְּרֵיהּ דְּרָבִינָא, דְּמָר בְּרֵיהּ דְּרָבִינָא מַנִּיחַ פְּרוּסָה בְּתוֹךְ הַשְּׁלֵמָה וּבוֹצֵעַ.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
With regard to the dispute between Rabbi Yoḥanan and Rav Huna, **Rav Naḥman bar Yitzḥak said: A God-fearing individual fulfills both. And who is this** God-fearing person? **Mar, son of Ravina,** as the Gemara relates that **Mar, son of Ravina,** would **place the piece inside the** whole **loaf and break** them together.


###### Berakhot 39b:7
[Berakhot 39b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/39b:7)

תָּנֵי תַּנָּא קַמֵּיהּ דְּרַב נַחְמָן בַּר יִצְחָק: מַנִּיחַ הַפְּרוּסָה בְּתוֹךְ הַשְּׁלֵמָה וּבוֹצֵעַ וּמְבָרֵךְ. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: מַה שִּׁמְךָ? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: שַׁלְמָן. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: שָׁלוֹם אַתָּה וּשְׁלֵמָה מִשְׁנָתְךָ, שֶׁשַּׂמְתָּ שָׁלוֹם בֵּין הַתַּלְמִידִים.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
Similarly, the Gemara relates that **the *tanna* recited** a *baraita* **before Rav Naḥman bar Yitzḥak: One places the piece inside the whole** loaf, then **breaks** the bread **and recites a blessing.** Rav Naḥman **said to him: What is your name? He answered: Shalman.** Rav Naḥman **replied** with a pun: **You are peace [*shalom*] and** the **teaching** that **you** recited **is complete [*shelema*] as** by means of this *baraita* the disputing opinions are reconciled and **you established peace among students.**


###### Berakhot 39b:8
[Berakhot 39b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/39b:8)

אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא: הַכֹּל מוֹדִים בְּפֶסַח, שֶׁמַּנִּיחַ פְּרוּסָה בְּתוֹךְ שְׁלֵמָה וּבוֹצֵעַ. מַאי טַעְמָא? — ״לֶחֶם עֹנִי״ כְּתִיב.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
This resolution is reinforced in a unique case, as **Rav Pappa said: Everyone agrees that** while fulfilling the mitzva of eating *matza* **on Passover, one places the piece inside the whole and breaks. What is the reason?** With regard to *matza* the phrase **“Bread of affliction”** (Deuteronomy 16:3) **is written,** and the poor typically eat their bread in pieces. Therefore, eating *matza* on Passover evening, the broken *matza* is also significant.


###### Berakhot 39b:9
[Berakhot 39b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/39b:9)

אָמַר רַבִּי אַבָּא וּבְשַׁבָּת חַיָּיב אָדָם לִבְצוֹעַ עַל שְׁתֵּי כִכָּרוֹת. מַאי טַעְמָא? — ״לֶחֶם מִשְׁנֶה״ כְּתִיב.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
In connection to the various *halakhot* with regard to breaking bread, especially on Festivals, the Gemara cites another *halakha*. **Rabbi Abba said: And on Shabbat one is obligated to break** bread for the meal **over two loaves. What is the reason?** Because in the Torah portion that discusses gathering manna on Friday for Shabbat, the phrase: **“Twice as much bread”** (Exodus 16:22) **is written.** To commemorate this, Shabbat meals are based on two loaves of bread.


###### Berakhot 39b:10
[Berakhot 39b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/39b:10)

אָמַר רַב אָשֵׁי: חֲזֵינָא לֵיהּ לְרַב כָּהֲנָא דְּנָקֵיט תַּרְתֵּי וּבָצַע חֲדָא. רַבִּי זֵירָא הֲוָה בָּצַע אַכּוֹלָּא שֵׁירוּתָא. אֲמַר לֵיהּ רָבִינָא לְרַב אָשֵׁי: וְהָא קָא מִתְחֲזֵי כְּרַעַבְתָנוּתָא. אֲמַר [לֵיהּ]: כֵּיוָן דְּכָל יוֹמָא לָא קָעָבֵיד הָכִי, וְהָאִידָּנָא קָא עָבֵיד — לָא מִתְחֲזֵי כְּרַעַבְתָנוּתָא.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
With regard to the manner in which these two loaves are to be broken, **Rav Ashi said: I saw Rav Kahana who would take two** loaves **and break one. Rabbi Zeira would break** off one large piece from the loaf, and eat from it **for the entire** Shabbat **meal. Ravina said to Rav Ashi** about this: **Doesn’t it appear gluttonous** for one to break off so large a piece? Rav Ashi **said to him: Since every** other **day** he **does not do so, and today he does, it does not appear gluttonous,** but rather in deference to the mitzva of the Shabbat meals.


###### Berakhot 39b:11
[Berakhot 39b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Berakhot/r/39b:11)

רַב אַמֵּי וְרַב אַסִּי כִּי הֲוָה מִתְרְמֵי לְהוּ רִיפְתָּא דְעֵרוּבָא מְבָרְכִין עֲלֵיהּ ״הַמּוֹצִיא לֶחֶם מִן הָאָרֶץ״. אָמְרִי: הוֹאִיל וְאִתְעֲבִיד בֵּיהּ מִצְוָה חֲדָא, נַעֲבֵיד בֵּיהּ מִצְוָה אַחֲרִיתִי.

**Tractate Berakot by A. Cohen, Cambridge University Press, 1921:**
With regard to eating on Shabbat, the Gemara relates: **Rav Ami and Rav Asi, when the** opportunity to use **the bread of the *eiruv*** in the Shabbat meal **would present itself,** they would **recite: Who brings forth bread from the earth over it. They said** in explanation: **Since one mitzva was performed with it, we will perform another mitzva with it.**