## Chagigah Daf 23b

###### Chagigah 23b:1
[Chagigah 23b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/23b:1)

עֲשָׂאוּהָ כִּטְמֵא שֶׁרֶץ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
as **they treated** the tube with severity **as** though it had been **rendered impure** by contact with a dead **creeping animal.** Therefore, in not requiring the setting of the sun they made it noticeable that they were opposed to the Sadducees.


###### Chagigah 23b:2
[Chagigah 23b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/23b:2)

אֶלָּא מֵעַתָּה, לֹא תְּטַמֵּא אָדָם, אַלְּמָה תַּנְיָא: חוֹתְכָהּ וּמַטְבִּילָהּ — טָעוּן טְבִילָה! וְאֶלָּא: עֲשָׂאוּהָ כִּטְמֵא מֵת. אִי הָכִי תִּיבְעֵי הַזָּאַת שְׁלִישִׁי וּשְׁבִיעִי,

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara raises a difficulty. **However, if** that is **so,** that the tube is treated as if defiled by a creeping animal, **it should not render a person impure,** as something defiled by a creeping animal is impure to the first degree of ritual impurity, which cannot impart ritual impurity to people. **Why,** then, **is it taught** in a *baraita*: The one who **cuts and immerses** the tube for the red heifer ashes **requires immersion** himself, which shows that the tube does defile people? **But rather,** say that **they treated it as** something **made impure by** contact with **a corpse,** for such objects do defile people as well. The Gemara asks: **If that is so,** the tube **should** also **require the sprinkling** of the water of purification on the **third and seventh** days of its purification, like all things defiled by a corpse.


###### Chagigah 23b:3
[Chagigah 23b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/23b:3)

אַלְּמָה תַּנְיָא: חוֹתְכָהּ וּמַטְבִּילָהּ — טָעוּן טְבִילָה. טְבִילָה אִין, הַזָּאַת שְׁלִישִׁי וּשְׁבִיעִי לָא! אֶלָּא: עֲשָׂאוּהָ כִּטְמֵא מֵת בִּשְׁבִיעִי שֶׁלּוֹ,

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Why,** then, **is it taught** in a *baraita*: The one who **cuts and immerses it requires immersion,** which indicates that **immersion** for the tube, **yes,** this is required, but **sprinkling of the third and the seventh** day, **no. Rather,** you must say that **they treated it as** something **made impure by** contact with **a corpse** that is already **in its seventh** day, after its sprinklings, when it is still impure and imparts impurity to those who touch it, but requires only immersion and no further sprinkling.


###### Chagigah 23b:4
[Chagigah 23b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/23b:4)

וְהָתַנְיָא: מֵעוֹלָם לֹא חִידְּשׁוּ דָּבָר בַּפָּרָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **But isn’t it taught** in a *baraita*: The Sages **never made any innovations** in the *halakhot* of impurity **with regard to the** red **heifer** procedure. In other words, although the Sages added stringencies to the red heifer procedure, they never created new *halakhot* for it that do not exist elsewhere in other areas of *halakha*. We have said that the tube is treated as if it had had contact with a corpse even though it did not; this is an innovation that is not found anywhere else.


###### Chagigah 23b:5
[Chagigah 23b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/23b:5)

אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: שֶׁלֹּא אָמְרוּ קוּרְדּוֹם מְטַמֵּא מוֹשָׁב. כִּדְתַנְיָא: ״וְהַיּוֹשֵׁב עַל הַכְּלִי״. יָכוֹל כָּפָה סְאָה וְיָשַׁב עָלֶיהָ, תַּרְקַב וְיָשַׁב עָלֶיהָ — יְהֵא טָמֵא,

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **Abaye said:** When they said that the Sages did not make innovations, they were not referring to something of this nature, but meant that **they did not say** that **a spade** upon which a *zav* sits **can become impure as a seat.** They thereby preserved the basic *halakhot* of impurity, **as it is taught** in a *baraita*: It states with regard to a *zav*: **“And he who sits on any object** whereon the *zav* sits shall wash his clothes and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the evening” (Leviticus 15:6). One **might** have thought that if a *zav* **turned over** a vessel used to measure **a *se’a* and sat on it,** or if he turned over a vessel used to measure **a *tarkav*,** i.e., a half-*se’a*, **and sat on it,** that the vessel **should be** rendered **impure** as a seat upon which a *zav* sat.


###### Chagigah 23b:6
[Chagigah 23b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/23b:6)

תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: ״וְהַיּוֹשֵׁב עַל הַכְּלִי אֲשֶׁר יֵשֵׁב עָלָיו ... יִטְמָא״ — מִי שֶׁמְיוּחָד לִישִׁיבָה, יָצָא זֶה, שֶׁאוֹמְרִים לוֹ: עֲמוֹד וְנַעֲשֶׂה מְלַאכְתֵּנוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The *baraita* concludes: Therefore, **the verse states: “And he who sits on any object whereon** the *zav* **sits…and be unclean** until the evening” (Leviticus 15:6). The wording of the verse indicates that it is speaking of an object **that is designated for sitting,** i.e., upon which people generally sit, **excluding such** a vessel for **which we would say to** someone sitting on it: **Stand up, so we can do our work.** A spade and a measuring bowl, then, are not subject to the impurity of the seat of a *zav*, even if a *zav* sat on them. Rather, they are considered to be on the lower level of impurity transmitted through simple contact with a *zav*. The same *halakha* was applied to the vessels used in preparation of the red heifer; the Sages did not add stringency and decree that a vessel not generally used for sitting should be considered as the seat of a *zav*.


###### Chagigah 23b:7
[Chagigah 23b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/23b:7)

הַכְּלִי מְצָרֵף מַה שֶּׁבְּתוֹכוֹ לַקֹּדֶשׁ, אֲבָל לֹא לַתְּרוּמָה. מְנָא הָנֵי מִילֵּי? אָמַר רַבִּי חָנִין, דְּאָמַר קְרָא: ״כַּף אַחַת עֲשָׂרָה זָהָב מְלֵאָה קְטֹרֶת״, הַכָּתוּב עֲשָׂאוֹ לְכׇל מַה שֶּׁבַּכַּף — אַחַת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna states: **A vessel combines** all the food that is in it with regard **to sacrificial** food **but not** with regard **to *teruma*.** The Gemara asks: **From where are these matters** derived? What is the source for this stringency? **Rabbi Ḥanin said: The verse states** with regard to the sacrificial donations of the tribal princes: **“One golden pan of ten shekels, full of incense”** (Numbers 7:14), which teaches us that **the verse treats everything inside the pan** as **one** unit, even if the items are not attached to each other.


###### Chagigah 23b:8
[Chagigah 23b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/23b:8)

מֵתִיב רַב כָּהֲנָא: הוֹסִיף רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא הַסֹּלֶת, וְהַקְּטֹרֶת, וְהַלְּבוֹנָה, וְהַגֶּחָלִים, שֶׁאִם נָגַע טְבוּל יוֹם בְּמִקְצָתוֹ — פָּסַל אֶת כּוּלּוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Kahana raised an objection** against this based on the mishna that teaches (*Eduyyot* 8:1): **Rabbi Akiva added** to the list of items that are considered combined when in the same vessel **fine flour, incense, frankincense, and coals,** saying **that if one who immersed himself that day** but has not waited until sunset **touched** a **part** of the contents of a vessel containing these substances, **all of** the vessel’s contents **are disqualified,** as the vessel combines them.


###### Chagigah 23b:9
[Chagigah 23b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/23b:9)

וְהָא דְּרַבָּנַן הִיא. מִמַּאי, מִדְּקָתָנֵי רֵישָׁא: הֵעִיד רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן בְּתֵירָא עַל אֵפֶר חַטָּאת שֶׁנָּגַע הַטָּמֵא בְּמִקְצָתוֹ — שֶׁטִּימֵּא אֶת כּוּלּוֹ, וְקָתָנֵי: הוֹסִיף רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Isn’t this** *halakha* that these substances are considered combined **by rabbinic law? From where** do we know that this is so? **From** the fact **that it teaches** in **the first clause** of that mishna: **Rabbi Shimon ben Beteira testified with regard to ashes of purification** in a vessel **that** if **an impure** person or object **touched part of it, it renders all of it impure.** The purification ashes of the red heifer are neither food nor a sacrificial item, so Rabbi Ḥanin’s verse does not apply to the ashes, and the vessel certainly does not combine the ashes together by Torah law, but by rabbinic law. **And it is taught** immediately following this: **Rabbi Akiva added,** which shows that Rabbi Akiva’s *halakha*, like the previous *halakha*, deals with an additional level of impurity instituted by the Sages rather than a Torah law.


###### Chagigah 23b:10
[Chagigah 23b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/23b:10)

אָמַר רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ מִשּׁוּם בַּר קַפָּרָא:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Reish Lakish said in the name of Bar Kappara:**