## Chagigah Daf 24b

###### Chagigah 24b:1
[Chagigah 24b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/24b:1)

אֲבָל יַד חֲבֵירוֹ — לֹא. וְרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר: אֶחָד יָדוֹ וְאֶחָד יַד חֲבֵירוֹ, בְּאוֹתָהּ הַיָּד. לִפְסוֹל, אֲבָל לֹא לְטַמֵּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**but** an impure hand does **not** render impure **the hand of another. And Rabbi Yoḥanan said:** An impure hand renders another hand impure **whether it is his** own **hand or the hand of another,** provided the second hand is touched **by the same hand** that came into contact with the impurity. Moreover, the impure hand affects the food it touches only **to disqualify** it, **but not to render** it **impure.**


###### Chagigah 24b:2
[Chagigah 24b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/24b:2)

מִמַּאי — מִדְּקָתָנֵי סֵיפָא: שֶׁהַיָּד מְטַמְּאָה חֲבֶירְתָּהּ לַקֹּדֶשׁ, אֲבָל לֹא לַתְּרוּמָה. הָא תּוּ לְמָה לִי? הָא תְּנָא לֵיהּ רֵישָׁא! אֶלָּא לָאו שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ, לְאֵתוֹיֵי יַד חֲבֵירוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara elaborates on Rabbi Yoḥanan’s opinion. **From where** did he learn this? **From** the fact **that it teaches** in **a latter clause** in the mishna: **For one renders its counterpart,** i.e., the other hand, **impure** with regard **to sacrificial** food **but not** with regard **to *teruma*. Why do I need this** phrase **as well? It was** already **taught in the first clause** that one hand renders the other hand impure with regard to sacrificial food. **Rather,** must one **not conclude from** this added phrase that it comes **to include** the rendering impure of **the hand of another** as well as his own other hand?


###### Chagigah 24b:3
[Chagigah 24b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/24b:3)

וְאַף רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ הֲדַר בֵּיהּ, דְּאָמַר רַבִּי יוֹנָה אָמַר רַבִּי אַמֵּי אָמַר רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ: אֶחָד יָדוֹ וְאֶחָד יַד חֲבֵירוֹ, בְּאוֹתָהּ הַיָּד, לִפְסוֹל אֲבָל לֹא לְטַמֵּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara observes: **And Reish Lakish, too, retracted** his own opinion in favor of Rabbi Yoḥanan’s opinion. For **Rabbi Yona said** that **Rabbi Ami said** that **Reish Lakish said:** The decree that one hand renders another impure applies **whether it is his** own **hand or the hand of another,** provided the second hand is touched **by the same hand** that came into contact with the impurity. Moreover, the impure hand affects the food it touches only **to disqualify** it, **but not to render** it **impure.**


###### Chagigah 24b:4
[Chagigah 24b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/24b:4)

וְלִפְסוֹל אֲבָל לֹא לְטַמֵּא תַּנָּאֵי הִיא. דִּתְנַן: כׇּל הַפּוֹסֵל בִּתְרוּמָה — מְטַמֵּא יָדַיִם לִהְיוֹת שְׁנִיּוֹת, וְיָד מְטַמֵּא חֲבֶירְתָּהּ, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים: יָדַיִם שְׁנִיּוֹת הֵן, וְאֵין שֵׁנִי עוֹשֶׂה שֵׁנִי בַּחוּלִּין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara comments: **And** this opinion, that an impure hand affects the sacrificial food only **to disqualify** it **but not to render** it **impure, is** a dispute between ***tanna’im*. As we learned** in a mishna (*Yadayim* 3:2): **Anything that disqualifies *teruma*** by contact with it, i.e., anything that is impure at least to the second degree, **renders the hands impure** to the **second** degree. **And** furthermore, **a hand** that is impure to the second degree **renders its counterpart,** the other hand, **impure;** this is **the statement of Rabbi Yehoshua. But the Rabbis say: Hands** themselves **are** impure to the **second** degree, **and** that which is impure to the **second** degree **cannot impart** second-degree impurity to something else **with regard to non-sacred** food.


###### Chagigah 24b:5
[Chagigah 24b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/24b:5)

מַאי לָאו: שֵׁנִי הוּא דְּלָא עָבֵיד, הָא שְׁלִישִׁי עָבֵיד.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
From the Rabbis’ response to Rabbi Yehoshua it is clear that the latter’s opinion is that the second hand is indeed rendered impure to the second degree, imparting third-degree impurity to sacrificial food that it touches. Moreover: **What, is it not** correct to infer from the Rabbis’ words that **it is** impurity to the **second** degree **that** the first hand **does not impart** to the second hand by touching it, **but** impurity to the **third** degree it **does impart** to the second hand? The second hand would thus only disqualify the sacrificial food that it touches by imparting to it a fourth-degree impurity. Therefore, the Rabbis and Rabbi Yehoshua are arguing about this very point: Does the second hand only disqualify sacrificial food by imparting to it fourth-degree impurity, or does it render the food impure with third-degree impurity?


###### Chagigah 24b:6
[Chagigah 24b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/24b:6)

דִּלְמָא לָא שֵׁנִי עָבֵיד וְלָא שְׁלִישִׁי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara rejects this proof: **Perhaps** the Rabbis meant that the first hand does **not impart** impurity to the second hand to **either the second or the third** degree, for in their opinion one impure hand does not defile the other hand at all, in contradiction to the mishna, whereas the opinion expressed in the mishna would be following Rabbi Yehoshua.


###### Chagigah 24b:7
[Chagigah 24b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/24b:7)

אֶלָּא כִּי הָנֵי תַּנָּאֵי, דְּתַנְיָא: יָד נְגוּבָה מְטַמָּא אֶת חֲבֶירְתָּהּ לְטַמֵּא בַּקֹּדֶשׁ, אֲבָל לֹא לַתְּרוּמָה, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: אוֹתָהּ יָד לִפְסוֹל, אֲבָל לֹא לְטַמֵּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rather,** the issue of which degree of impurity is imparted to the second hand is **like** the following dispute between ***tanna’im*, as it is taught** in the *baraita* cited earlier: Even **a dry hand** that is impure **renders its counterpart,** i.e., the other hand, **impure to** the extent that the second hand will now **render impure** food that it touches. This is true with regard **to sacrificial** food **but not** with regard **to *teruma*.** This is **the statement of Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi. **Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda, says: The** second **hand** is not rendered impure to such a severe extent. It can merely **disqualify** sacrificial food that it touches, by making it impure to the fourth degree, **but not render** it **impure** to the third degree.


###### Chagigah 24b:8
[Chagigah 24b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/24b:8)

אוֹכְלִין אוֹכָלִים נְגוּבִין בְּיָדַיִם מְסוֹאָבוֹת כּוּ׳. תַּנְיָא, אָמַר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא בֶּן אַנְטִיגְנוֹס: וְכִי יֵשׁ נְגוּבָה לַקֹּדֶשׁ? וַהֲלֹא חִיבַּת הַקֹּדֶשׁ מַכְשַׁרְתָּן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ It was taught in the mishna: **One may eat dry foods,** i.e., foods that have never been wetted and are thus not susceptible to impurity, **with impure hands** in the case of *teruma*, but not in the case of sacrificial food. **It is taught** in a *baraita* that there is a difficulty with this statement of the mishna: **Rabbi Ḥanina ben Antigonus said: Now, is there** such a possibility as **dry** food, i.e., food that is not susceptible to impurity, with regard **to sacrificial** food? **Is it not so that the reverence** accorded **to sacrificial** food itself **renders it fit** to contract impurity even if it has never been in contact with liquid at all? All sacrificial food is thus automatically susceptible to impurity, and whether it is dry, i.e., it has never been wetted, or not is irrelevant.


###### Chagigah 24b:9
[Chagigah 24b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/24b:9)

לָא צְרִיכָא, כְּגוֹן שֶׁתָּחַב לוֹ חֲבֵירוֹ לְתוֹךְ פִּיו, אוֹ שֶׁתָּחַב הוּא לְעַצְמוֹ בְּכוּשׁ וּבְכַרְכֵּר, וּבִיקֵּשׁ לֶאֱכוֹל צְנוֹן וּבָצָל שֶׁל חוּלִּין עִמָּהֶן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **No,** it is **necessary** for the mishna to state this. And the case is not one of dry sacrificial food, as was first assumed. Rather, the mishna is dealing with a case in **which, for example, his friend inserted** sacrificial food or *teruma* **into his mouth, or,** alternatively, a case in **which he inserted** it **into his own** mouth **by** means of **a spindle or whorl,** which are wooden vessels without receptacles that cannot contract impurity. In either event the food arrives in his mouth without being rendered impure by his impure hands. **And** then, while the sacrificial food or *teruma* is still in his mouth, he **wishes to** put into his mouth and **eat a non-sacred radish or onion along with them.**


###### Chagigah 24b:10
[Chagigah 24b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/24b:10)

לְקֹדֶשׁ גְּזַרוּ בְּהוּ רַבָּנַן, לִתְרוּמָה לָא גְּזַרוּ בְּהוּ רַבָּנַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Non-sacred food is not rendered impure by being touched with impure hands, so it should not be problematic to put a radish or onion into one’s mouth with his hands. However, **regarding sacrificial food the Sages enacted a decree against** doing so, lest the person inadvertently touch the sacrificial food in his mouth with his impure hand. This decree, the mishna teaches, applies only to sacrificial food, **but in** a case in which he had ***teruma*** in his mouth **the Sages did not enact a decree against it.**


###### Chagigah 24b:11
[Chagigah 24b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/24b:11)

הָאוֹנֵן וּמְחוּסַּר כִּפּוּרִים כּוּ׳. מַאי טַעְמָא — כֵּיוָן דְּעַד הָאִידָּנָא הֲווֹ אֲסִירִי, אַצְרְכִינְהוּ רַבָּנַן טְבִילָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ It was taught in the mishna: **An acute mourner and one who is lacking atonement** require immersion in order to eat sacrificial food, but this is not necessary for *teruma*. The Gemara explains: **What is the reason** for this decree? **Since until now it was prohibited** for **them** to partake of sacrificial food and they therefore might not have guarded themselves properly from impurity, **the Sages required them** to undergo **immersion** before eating sacrificial food.


###### Chagigah 24b:12
[Chagigah 24b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/24b:12)

**מַתְנִי׳** חוֹמֶר בַּתְּרוּמָה, שֶׁבִּיהוּדָה נֶאֱמָנִין עַל טׇהֳרַת יַיִן וָשֶׁמֶן כׇּל יְמוֹת הַשָּׁנָה, וּבִשְׁעַת הַגִּיתּוֹת וְהַבַּדִּים — אַף עַל הַתְּרוּמָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** The previous mishna listed stringencies that apply to sacrificial food but not to *teruma*. However, there are also **stringencies** that apply **to *teruma*** over sacrificial food: **In Judea** all people, even people who are not generally meticulous in their observance of the *halakhot* of ritual purity [*amei ha’aretz*], **are trusted with regard to the purity of** consecrated **wine and oil** throughout **all the days of the year. And during the period of the winepress and olive press,** when grapes and olives are pressed and made into wine and oil, respectively, they are trusted **even with regard to** the purity of ***teruma*,** as all people, including *amei ha’aretz*, purify their vessels for this season.


###### Chagigah 24b:13
[Chagigah 24b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/24b:13)

עָבְרוּ הַגִּיתּוֹת וְהַבַּדִּים, וְהֵבִיאוּ לוֹ חָבִית שֶׁל יַיִן שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה — לֹא יְקַבְּלֶנָּה מִמֶּנּוּ, אֲבָל מַנִּיחָהּ לַגַּת הַבָּאָה. וְאִם אָמַר לוֹ הִפְרַשְׁתִּי לְתוֹכָהּ רְבִיעִית קֹדֶשׁ — נֶאֱמָן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
But once **the** periods of the **winepress and olive press have passed,** if *amei ha’aretz* **brought to him,** i.e., to a priest who is meticulous concerning the *halakhot* of ritual purity [*ḥaver*], a **barrel of *teruma* wine, he may not accept it from them,** as *amei ha’aretz* are not trusted with regard to matters of ritual purity during the rest of the year. **But** the giver **may leave it** over **for the following winepress** season, in the following year, at which point the *ḥaver* priest may accept it from him, although it was prohibited for him to accept the same barrel beforehand. **And if** the giver **said to** the priest: **I separated** and placed **into** this barrel of *teruma* **a quarter**-*log* **of sacrificial** wine or oil, **he is trusted** with regard to the entire contents of the barrel. Since an *am ha’aretz* is trusted with regard to the purity of sacrificial food, he is also believed with regard to *teruma* that is mingled with the sacrificial food.


###### Chagigah 24b:14
[Chagigah 24b:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chagigah/r/24b:14)

כַּדֵּי יַיִן וְכַדֵּי שֶׁמֶן

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
With regard to **jugs of wine and jugs of oil**