## Chizkuni, Numbers

###### Chizkuni, Numbers 34:2:1
[Chizkuni, Numbers 34:2:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chizkuni/s/Numbers/r/34:2:1)

**אל הארץ** מקרא חסר הוא כאלו כתיב אל הארץ ארץ כנען דוגמת את בריתי שלום.

**Chizkuni, translated and annotated by Eliyahu Munk:**
אל הארץ, “to the land;” this verse appears in a truncated mode, and according to the rules of grammar it should have been written as: אל הארץ, ארץ כנען, “to the land,” i.e. the land of Canaan. We encounter similar such abbreviations in Numbers 25,12: את בריתי שלום when according to the rules of grammar, it should have been: את בריתי, ברית השלום.


###### Chizkuni, Numbers 34:4:1
[Chizkuni, Numbers 34:4:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chizkuni/s/Numbers/r/34:4:1)

**ועבר צנה והיה תוצאתיו** והיה כתיב והיו קרי.

**Chizkuni, translated and annotated by Eliyahu Munk:**
ועבר צנה והיה תוצאותיו וגו, “and once having passed Tzinah, it will extend southward, etc.”


###### Chizkuni, Numbers 34:4:2
[Chizkuni, Numbers 34:4:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chizkuni/s/Numbers/r/34:4:2)

**מנגב לקדש ברנע** שני קדש ברנע הם זה שבארץ כנען והוא אותו הנזכר בספר יהושע בעיירות שבארץ כנען, וקדש ברנע שמשם נשתלחו המרגלים כדכתיב בפרשת מטות בשלחי אותם מקדש ברנע ואין לומר שנשתלחו מקדש ברנע שבארץ כנען דהא קים לן לא נכנס משה רבנו לארץ וקדש גרידא בקצה גבול ארץ אדום.

**Chizkuni, translated and annotated by Eliyahu Munk:**
מנגב לקדש ברנע, from the south to Kadesh Barnea. There were two places called “Kadesh.” One was located in the land of Canaan, and was mentioned in the Book of Joshua 15,3 as one of the towns in that land. The second one is the one first mentioned in the portion of Mattot, 32,8: בשלחי אתכם מקדש ברנע, “when I sent them, (your fathers) on a mission from Kadesh Barnea,” Moses speaking about the ill fated trip of the spies throughout the land of Canaan some 38 years earlier. It is quite impossible to suppose that Moses dispatched the spies from a town inside the land of Canaan. If he had done so, he would have first have to cross into that land, something that not only G-d had forbidden him, but something that he greatly regretted not having been able to do as we know from his own mouth. The “Kadesh” without an adjective, was situated near the border of the land of Edom


###### Chizkuni, Numbers 34:4:3
[Chizkuni, Numbers 34:4:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chizkuni/s/Numbers/r/34:4:3)

**ויצא חצר אדר** כאן משמע מחוז אדר הוא וכתיב ביהושע כן ויצא חצרה ועבר אדרה.

**Chizkuni, translated and annotated by Eliyahu Munk:**
ויצא חצר אדר, “and it shall go forth to Chatzar Adar”; here the impression is given that it was a single district; on the other hand, in Joshua 15,3, “Chezron” and “Adar” seem to be two separate districts.


###### Chizkuni, Numbers 34:11:1
[Chizkuni, Numbers 34:11:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chizkuni/s/Numbers/r/34:11:1)

**[על כתף ים כנרת** אל גבול ים כנרת]


###### Chizkuni, Numbers 34:11:2
[Chizkuni, Numbers 34:11:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chizkuni/s/Numbers/r/34:11:2)

**ים כנרת** אינו נמשך לשום ים בעולם שהרי ישוב ארץ ישראל סובבו לכל רוח דוגמא מקוה מים שקורין לאומזנ״‎ט.

**Chizkuni, translated and annotated by Eliyahu Munk:**
ים כנרת, “the sea of Galilee;” this is a lake whose waters do not run off into another larger sea or ocean. It is completely surrounded on all banks by Jewish settlements. [Its waters descend to the Dead Sea, where they become unfit to drink.]


###### Chizkuni, Numbers 34:17:1
[Chizkuni, Numbers 34:17:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chizkuni/s/Numbers/r/34:17:1)

**[אשר ינחלו** כמו ינחילו].


###### Chizkuni, Numbers 34:19:1
[Chizkuni, Numbers 34:19:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chizkuni/s/Numbers/r/34:19:1)

**למטה יהודה** התחיל למנות המנחילים מיהודה לפי שרצה תחלה בגורל.

**Chizkuni, translated and annotated by Eliyahu Munk:**
למטה יהודה, of the tribe of Yehudah. Moses began enumerating the family heads which would start the process of allocating ancestral tracts of land with the members of the tribe of Yehudah, as his name came up first when the lots were drawn. In this instance, Calev would be the head of the tribe.


###### Chizkuni, Numbers 34:21:1
[Chizkuni, Numbers 34:21:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chizkuni/s/Numbers/r/34:21:1)

**למטה בנימן** כאן נמנה בנימין שלישי לשבטים לפי ששלשת שבטים אלו עתידין לתת נחלה בבת אחת ללויים כדכתיב בספר יהושע ויהי לבני אהרן הכהן מן הלויים למטה יהודה וממטה שמעון וממטה בנימין בגורל ערים שלשה עשר ולכך סמך שלשתם יחד.

**Chizkuni, translated and annotated by Eliyahu Munk:**
למטה בנימין, “of the tribe of Binyamin;” here Binyamin is listed as if the third of the tribes, seeing that these three tribes in the future would cede of their ancestral lands to the Levites all at once, as recorded in the Book of Joshua: 21,4: ויהי לבני אהרן הכהן מן הלוים, ממטה יהודה, וממטה שמעון וממטה בנימין בגורל ערים שלש עשר, “to the descendants of Aaron the priest, there fell by lot 13 towns from the tribe of Yehudah, the tribe of Shimon, and the tribe of Binyamin.” This is why they were lumped together by Moses already at this point.


###### Chizkuni, Numbers 34:22:1
[Chizkuni, Numbers 34:22:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chizkuni/s/Numbers/r/34:22:1)

**ולמטה בני דן נשיא** מה שלא כתיב נשיא לבני יהודה ולשמעון ולבנימין הוא הטעם לפי שכלב נקרא כבר עבדו של הקב״‎ה בענין מרגלים ועמד בצדקו כל ימי חייו ולפיכך לא הוצרך לקרותו נשיא בבנימין נמי כתיב אלדד הוא אלדד חברו של מידד שהיה נביא וחשוב כמו נשיא. ד״‎א משום שעתיד לעשות מעשה פלגש בגבעה לא נקרא נשיא. ובשמעון משום שנתקבצו במעשה זמרי כמו שפרש״‎י בפרשת בלק וגרמו תקלה לישראל, לבני ראובן ולבני גד לא היה צריך שכבר נטלו חלקם בארץ סיחון ועוג. חז״‎ק על סדר זה שהרי אינו לפי התולדה ולא לפי הדגלים ולא לפי הגבירות.

**Chizkuni, translated and annotated by Eliyahu Munk:**
ולמטה בני דן נשיא, “and of the tribe of Dan, a prince;” the reason that the word: “prince” has not been mentioned with the first three tribes listed here, is because we knew already that Calev of the tribe of Yehudah, as the only survivor of his tribe that had been an adult at the Exodus would be the leader after Nachshon had died. He had already been called by G-d Himself as “My servant.” (Numbers 14,24) As far as the tribe of Binyamin is concerned, we know that Eldod, a colleague of Meydod, both from this tribe had been elevated to the status of prophets. According to another interpretation, seeing that at a later stage involving the concubine a Givah, (Judges chapter 20) he would be dishonorably involved, he is not here referred to as a prince. The same consideration applies to the tribe of Shimon, whose prince in short order will be involved in the shameful episode with the Midianite woman Cosbi, Moses did not bestow the title prince upon him posthumously. Rashi had pointed out already in his commentary on Parshat Balak, that the people of the tribe of Shimon had treated Zimri as their leader. (Numbers 25,6) There had been no need for a leader of the tribes of Reuven and Gad to be appointed, as these tribes had already received their ancestral heritage on the east bank of the Jordan. There seems to be no logical order to the listing of the tribes here. It does not follow the birth-order of the tribal ancestor, nor the order in which the tribes marched for forty years in the desert, nor the birth-order of the tribal mothers.