## Chullin Daf 12a

###### Chullin 12a:1
[Chullin 12a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/12a:1)

פֶּסַח וְקָדָשִׁים מַאי אִיכָּא לְמֵימַר? אֶלָּא הֵיכָא דְּאֶפְשָׁר – אֶפְשָׁר, הֵיכָא דְּלָא אֶפְשָׁר – לָא אֶפְשָׁר. הָכָא נָמֵי, הֵיכָא דְּאֶפְשָׁר – אֶפְשָׁר, הֵיכָא דְּלָא אֶפְשָׁר – לָא אֶפְשָׁר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
then with regard to the **Paschal offering and sacrificial** meat that one is obligated to eat, **what is there to say? Rather,** according to Rabbi Meir, there is no alternative to saying: **Where** it is **possible** to examine the situation it is **possible,** and the majority is not followed; **where** it is **not possible** to examine the situation it is **not possible,** and the majority is followed. If so, **here too,** according to the Rabbis, it cannot be proven from the above sources that one follows a non-quantifiable majority *ab initio*, as perhaps **where** it is **possible** to examine the situation it is **possible,** and **where** it is **not possible** to examine the situation it is **not possible,** and the majority is followed.


###### Chullin 12a:2
[Chullin 12a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/12a:2)

אָמַר רַב נַחְמָן אָמַר רַב: רָאָה אֶחָד שֶׁשָּׁחַט, אִם רָאָהוּ מִתְּחִלָּה וְעַד סוֹף – מוּתָּר לֶאֱכוֹל מִשְּׁחִיטָתוֹ, וְאִם לָאו – אָסוּר לֶאֱכוֹל מִשְּׁחִיטָתוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Rav Naḥman says** that **Rav says:** In the case of a person who **saw one who slaughtered** an animal, **if** the person **saw him** slaughtering continuously **from beginning to end** of the act, he is **permitted to eat from his slaughter, and if not,** he is **prohibited from eating from his slaughter.**


###### Chullin 12a:3
[Chullin 12a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/12a:3)

הֵיכִי דָמֵי? אִי דְּיָדַע דִּגְמִיר, לְמָה לִי רָאָה? וְאִי דְּיָדַע דְּלָא גְּמִיר, פְּשִׁיטָא!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **What are the circumstances? If** it is a case **where** the onlooker **knows that he is knowledgeable** in the *halakhot* of slaughter, **why do I** require that the onlooker **saw** the slaughter? Even if he did not see him slaughter, the onlooker may rely on his slaughter. **And if** the onlooker **knows that he is not knowledgeable** in the *halakhot* of slaughter, it is **obvious** that only if the person saw him slaughtering from beginning to end he is permitted to eat from his slaughter.


###### Chullin 12a:4
[Chullin 12a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/12a:4)

וְאֶלָּא, דְּלָא יְדַע אִי גְּמִיר אִי לָא גְּמִיר, לֵימָא: רוֹב מְצוּיִין אֵצֶל שְׁחִיטָה מוּמְחִין הֵן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rather,** perhaps it is a case **where** the onlooker **does not know whether he is knowledgeable** or **whether he is not knowledgeable.** But if that is the case, **let us say: The majority** of those **associated with slaughter are experts** in the *halakhot* of slaughter, and one may rely on his slaughter.


###### Chullin 12a:5
[Chullin 12a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/12a:5)

מִי לָא תַּנְיָא: הֲרֵי שֶׁמָּצָא תַּרְנְגוֹלֶת שְׁחוּטָה בַּשּׁוּק, אוֹ שֶׁאָמַר לִשְׁלוּחוֹ ״צֵא שְׁחוֹט״, וְהָלַךְ וּמָצָא שָׁחוּט – חֶזְקָתוֹ שָׁחוּט.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Isn’t it taught** in a *baraita*: In a case **where one found a slaughtered chicken in the marketplace, or where one said to his agent: Go out** and **slaughter** a chicken, **and he went and found** the chicken **slaughtered** and he does not know who slaughtered it, **its presumptive status** is that it was **slaughtered** properly.


###### Chullin 12a:6
[Chullin 12a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/12a:6)

אַלְמָא אָמְרִינַן: רוֹב מְצוּיִין אֵצֶל שְׁחִיטָה מוּמְחִין הֵן. הָכָא נָמֵי לֵימָא: רוֹב מְצוּיִין אֵצֶל שְׁחִיטָה מוּמְחִין הֵן!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Apparently, we say: The majority** of those **associated with slaughter are experts. Here too,** in a case where it is unknown whether he is knowledgeable, **let us say: The majority** of those **associated with slaughter are experts.**


###### Chullin 12a:7
[Chullin 12a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/12a:7)

לְעוֹלָם דְּיָדַע דְּלָא גְּמִיר, וּכְגוֹן דִּשְׁחַט קַמַּן חַד סִימָן שַׁפִּיר. מַהוּ דְּתֵימָא: מִדְּהַאי שַׁפִּיר הָךְ נָמֵי שַׁפִּיר, קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן: הַאי אִתְרְמוֹיֵי אִיתְרְמִי לֵיהּ, אִידַּךְ – שֶׁמָּא שָׁהָה שֶׁמָּא דָּרַס.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **Actually,** the reference is to a case **where** the onlooker **knows that** the one slaughtering **is not knowledgeable** in the *halakhot* of slaughter, **and where he slaughtered one *siman* before us properly. Lest you say: From** the fact **that this** *siman* was slaughtered **properly, that** *siman* was **also** slaughtered **properly;** therefore, Rav **teaches us** that this is not so. As, perhaps **this** *siman* **happened** to be slaughtered properly **for him,** but with regard to **the other** *siman*, **perhaps he interrupted** the slaughter or **perhaps he pressed** the knife, invalidating the slaughter.


###### Chullin 12a:8
[Chullin 12a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/12a:8)

בְּעָא מִינֵּיהּ רַב דִּימִי בַּר יוֹסֵף מֵרַב נַחְמָן: הָאוֹמֵר לִשְׁלוּחוֹ ״צֵא וּשְׁחוֹט״, וְהָלַךְ וּמָצָא שָׁחוּט, מַהוּ? אָמַר לוֹ: חֶזְקָתוֹ שָׁחוּט. הָאוֹמֵר לִשְׁלוּחוֹ ״צֵא וּתְרוֹם״, וְהָלַךְ וּמָצָא תָּרוּם, מַאי? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אֵין חֶזְקָתוֹ תָּרוּם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Dimi bar Yosef raised a dilemma before Rav Naḥman:** With regard to **one who says to his agent: Go out and slaughter** a chicken, **and he went and found** the chicken **slaughtered, what is** the *halakha*? Rav Naḥman **said to him: Its presumptive status** is that it was **slaughtered** properly. And he raised another dilemma: With regard to **one who says to his agent: Go out and separate *teruma*** for me, **and he went and found** that ***teruma* was separated** from his produce, **what** is the *halakha*? Rav Naḥman **said to him: Its presumptive status** is **not** that ***teruma* was separated.**


###### Chullin 12a:9
[Chullin 12a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/12a:9)

מָה נַפְשָׁךְ, אִי חֲזָקָה שָׁלִיחַ עוֹשֶׂה שְׁלִיחוּתוֹ – אֲפִילּוּ תְּרוּמָה נָמֵי, וְאִי אֵין חֲזָקָה שָׁלִיחַ עוֹשֶׂה שְׁלִיחוּתוֹ – אֲפִילּוּ שְׁחִיטָה נָמֵי לָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Dimi bar Yosef challenged: **Whichever way you** look at it, your ruling is problematic. **If** there is **a presumption** that **an agent performs his** assigned **agency,** that should be the case **even** with regard to ***teruma*; and if** there is **no presumption** that **an agent performs his** assigned **agency,** there should be **no** such presumption **even** with regard to **slaughter.**


###### Chullin 12a:10
[Chullin 12a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/12a:10)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: לְכִי תֵּיכוּל עֲלַהּ כּוֹרָא דְמִלְחָא, לְעוֹלָם אֵין חֲזָקָה שָׁלִיחַ עוֹשֶׂה שְׁלִיחוּתוֹ, וּשְׁחִיטָה – אִי נָמֵי דִּילְמָא אִינָשׁ אַחֲרִינָא שְׁמַע וַאֲזַל שְׁחַט – רוֹב מְצוּיִין אֵצֶל שְׁחִיטָה מוּמְחִין הֵן. תְּרוּמָה – דִּילְמָא אִינָשׁ אַחֲרִינָא שְׁמַע וַאֲזַל תְּרַם, הָוֵה לֵיהּ תּוֹרֵם שֶׁלֹּא מִדַּעַת, וְהַתּוֹרֵם שֶׁלֹּא מִדַּעַת – אֵין תְּרוּמָתוֹ תְּרוּמָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Naḥman **said to** Rav Dimi in jest: **After you eat a *kor* of salt over it,** and analyze the matter at length, you will be able to understand the difference. **Actually,** there is **no presumption** that **an agent performs his** assigned **agency, and** in the case of **slaughter, even if perhaps another person heard** him instruct the agent **and** that person **went** and **slaughtered** the chicken, the slaughter would be valid, because **the majority** of those **associated with slaughter are experts.** By contrast, in the case of ***teruma*,** if **perhaps another person heard** him instruct the agent **and** then **went** and **separated** his ***teruma*, he becomes** one who **designates *teruma* without** the **knowledge** of the owner of the produce; **and** with regard to **one who designates *teruma* without** the **knowledge** of the owner of the produce, **his *teruma* is not *teruma*.**


###### Chullin 12a:11
[Chullin 12a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/12a:11)

לֵימָא: רוֹב מְצוּיִין אֵצֶל שְׁחִיטָה מוּמְחִין הֵן תַּנָּאֵי הִיא? דְּתַנְיָא: הֲרֵי שֶׁאָבְדוּ לוֹ גְּדָיָיו וְתַרְנְגוֹלָיו וְהָלַךְ וּמְצָאָן שְׁחוּטִים – רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹסֵר, רַבִּי חֲנִינָא בְּנוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי יוֹסֵי הַגְּלִילִי מַתִּיר. אָמַר רַבִּי: נִרְאִין דְּבָרִים שֶׁל רַבִּי יְהוּדָה שֶׁמְּצָאָן בְּאַשְׁפָּה, וְדִבְרֵי רַבִּי חֲנִינָא בְּנוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי יוֹסֵי הַגְּלִילִי שֶׁמְּצָאָן בְּבַיִת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara suggests: **Let us say** that the statement: **The majority** of those **associated with slaughter are experts, is** a dispute between ***tanna’im*, as it is taught** in a *baraita*: In a case **where one’s young goats and roosters were lost, and** the owner **went and found them slaughtered, Rabbi Yehuda deems** the meat **forbidden,** and **Rabbi Ḥanina, son of Rabbi Yosei HaGelili, deems** it **permitted. Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **said: The statement of Rabbi Yehuda appears** correct in a case **where** the owner **found** the slaughtered animals **in a scrap heap,** as the concern is that they were thrown away because the slaughter was not valid. **And the statement of Rabbi Ḥanina, son of Rabbi Yosei HaGelili,** appears correct in a case **where he found them in the house.**


###### Chullin 12a:12
[Chullin 12a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/12a:12)

מַאי לָאו בְּהָא קָמִיפַּלְגִי, דְּמָר סָבַר: אָמְרִינַן רוֹב מְצוּיִין אֵצֶל שְׁחִיטָה מוּמְחִין הֵן, וּמָר סָבַר: לָא אָמְרִינַן רוֹב מְצוּיִין אֵצֶל שְׁחִיטָה מוּמְחִין הֵן?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**What, is it not with regard to this** matter that **they disagree, that** one **Sage,** Rabbi Ḥanina, **holds: We say** that **the majority** of those **associated with slaughter are experts, and** one **Sage,** Rabbi Yehuda, **holds: We do not say** that **the majority** of those **associated with slaughter are experts?**


###### Chullin 12a:13
[Chullin 12a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/12a:13)

אָמַר רַב נַחְמָן בַּר יִצְחָק: לָא, דְּכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא רוֹב מְצוּיִין אֵצֶל שְׁחִיטָה מוּמְחִין הֵן, וּבְבַיִת – דְּכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא לָא פְּלִיגִי דִּשְׁרֵי, בְּאַשְׁפָּה שֶׁבַּשּׁוּק – דְּכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא לָא פְּלִיגִי דְּאָסוּר, כִּי פְּלִיגִי בְּאַשְׁפָּה שֶׁבַּבַּיִת: מָר סָבַר אָדָם עָשׂוּי לְהַטִּיל נִבְלָתוֹ בְּאַשְׁפָּה שֶׁבַּבַּיִת, וּמַר סָבַר אֵין אָדָם עָשׂוּי לְהַטִּיל נִבְלָתוֹ בְּאַשְׁפָּה שֶׁבַּבַּיִת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Naḥman bar Yitzḥak said: No,** the fact is **that everyone agrees** that **the majority** of those **associated with slaughter are experts, and** if he found the slaughtered goats or roosters **in the house, everyone agrees that** it is **permitted** to eat the meat. If he found them **in a scrap heap that** is **in the marketplace, everyone agrees that** it is **prohibited** to eat the meat. **When they disagree** is in a case where he found them **in a scrap heap that** is **in the house.** One **Sage,** Rabbi Yehuda, **holds: A person is prone to cast his unslaughtered** animal **carcass onto a scrap heap that** is **in the house. And** one **Sage,** Rabbi Ḥanina, **holds: A person is not prone to cast his unslaughtered** animal **carcass onto a scrap heap that** is **in the house.**


###### Chullin 12a:14
[Chullin 12a:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/12a:14)

אָמַר מָר, אָמַר רַבִּי: נִרְאִין דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יְהוּדָה שֶׁמְּצָאָן בְּאַשְׁפָּה. מַאי אַשְׁפָּה? אִילֵּימָא אַשְׁפָּה שֶׁבְּשׁוּק – הָא אָמְרַתְּ דְּכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא לָא פְּלִיגִי דְּאָסוּר! אֶלָּא לָאו פְּשִׁיטָא בְּאַשְׁפָּה שֶׁבַּבַּיִת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The Master said** in the *baraita* that **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **said: The statement of Rabbi Yehuda appears** correct in a case **where he found them in the scrap heap.** The Gemara asks: **What** is the term **scrap heap** referring to in this context? **If we say** the reference is to **a scrap heap in the marketplace, didn’t you say that everyone agrees that** it is **prohibited,** and it is not merely the opinion of Rabbi Yehuda? **Rather,** it is **obvious** that he found it **on a scrap heap that** is **in the house,** and it is in that case that Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi rules in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Yehuda.


###### Chullin 12a:15
[Chullin 12a:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/12a:15)

אֵימָא סֵיפָא, וְדִבְרֵי רַבִּי חֲנִינָא בְּנוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי יוֹסֵי הַגְּלִילִי שֶׁמְּצָאָן בְּבַיִת. מַאי בַּיִת? אִילֵּימָא בַּיִת מַמָּשׁ – הָאָמְרַתְּ דְּכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא לָא פְּלִיגִי דִּשְׁרֵי! אֶלָּא פְּשִׁיטָא בְּאַשְׁפָּה שֶׁבַּבַּיִת. קַשְׁיָא דְּרַבִּי אַדְּרַבִּי!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Say the latter clause** of the statement of Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi: **And the statement of Rabbi Ḥanina, son of Rabbi Yosei HaGelili,** appears correct in a case **where he found them in the house. What** is the word **house** referring to in this context? **If we say** the reference is to **an actual house, didn’t you say that everyone agrees that it is permitted? Rather,** it is **obvious** that he found it **on a scrap heap that** is **in the house.** If so, it is **difficult,** as there is a contradiction between one statement **of Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi, where he rules in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Yehuda to prohibit the meat in a case where it is found in a scrap heap in the house, **and** another statement **of Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi, where he rules in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Ḥanina, son of Rabbi Yosei HaGelili, to permit the meat in that case.