## Chullin Daf 47b

###### Chullin 47b:1
[Chullin 47b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:1)

אֲבָל אַגַּבַּהּ, אֲפִילּוּ כְּטַרְפָּא דְאָסָא – טְרֵפָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**But** if it is **on the back** of the lung, **even** if it is as small **as a myrtle leaf,** the animal is **a *tereifa*.**


###### Chullin 47b:2
[Chullin 47b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:2)

אָמַר רַפְרָם: הַאי רֵיאָה דְּדָמְיָא לְאוּפְתָּא – טְרֵפָה. אִיכָּא דְּאָמְרִי בַּחֲזוּתָא, וְאִיכָּא דְּאָמְרִי בְּגִישְׁתָּא. אִיכָּא דְּאָמְרִי דִּנְפִיחָה, וְאִיכָּא דְּאָמְרִי דִּפְחִיזָא, וְאִיכָּא דְּאָמְרִי דְּשִׁיעָא, דְּלֵית לַהּ חִיתּוּכָא דְאוּנֵּי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Rafram says: This lung that is similar to a chip** of wood renders the animal **a *tereifa*. There are** those **who say** that the similarity lies **in** its **appearance,** i.e., if it is pale like wood. **And there are** those **who say** that it lies **in** its **feeling,** i.e., if it is hard like wood. **There are** those **who say that it is swollen. And there are** those **who say that it is light. And there are** those **who say that it is** completely **smooth, that it has no sectioning of lobes.**


###### Chullin 47b:3
[Chullin 47b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:3)

אָמַר רָבָא: כְּכוּחְלָא – כְּשֵׁרָה, כִּדְיוֹתָא – טְרֵפָה, דְּאָמַר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא: שָׁחוֹר אָדוֹם הוּא, אֶלָּא שֶׁלָּקָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Rava says:** If the lung assumed a dark color **like eye shadow,** the animal is **kosher.** If its color is black **like ink,** the animal is **a *tereifa*. As Rabbi Ḥanina says:** Menstrual blood that appears **black is** actually **red, except that it decayed.** Black color is therefore a sign of decay, and the lung is assumed to be defective.


###### Chullin 47b:4
[Chullin 47b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:4)

יְרוּקָּה – כְּשֵׁרָה, מִדְּרַבִּי נָתָן. אֲדוּמָּה – כְּשֵׁרָה, מִדְּרַבִּי נָתָן. דְּתַנְיָא: רַבִּי נָתָן אוֹמֵר: פַּעַם אַחַת הָלַכְתִּי לִכְרַכֵּי הַיָּם, בָּאתָה אִשָּׁה אַחַת לְפָנַי שֶׁמָּלָה בְּנָהּ רִאשׁוֹן וָמֵת, שֵׁנִי וָמֵת, שְׁלִישִׁי – הֱבִיאַתּוּ לְפָנַי. רְאִיתִיו שֶׁהָיָה אָדוֹם, אָמַרְתִּי לָהּ: בִּתִּי, הַמְתִּינִי לוֹ עַד שֶׁיִּבָּלַע בּוֹ דָּמוֹ. הִמְתִּינָה לוֹ וּמָלָה אוֹתוֹ וְחָיָה, וְהָיוּ קוֹרִין אוֹתוֹ נָתָן הַבַּבְלִי עַל שְׁמִי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara continues: If the lung was **green,** the animal is **kosher,** as can be derived **from** the episode **of Rabbi Natan.** And if it was **red,** it is **kosher,** as can be derived **from** the episode **of Rabbi Natan. As it is taught** in a *baraita*: **Rabbi Natan says: Once I went to the cities overseas,** where **one woman came before me who circumcised her first son and he died,** and she circumcised her **second** son **and he died,** and out of concern that circumcising her **third** son might cause him to die as well, **she brought him before me. I saw that he was red,** so **I said to her: My daughter, wait for him until his blood is absorbed into him. She waited for him until** his blood was absorbed into him **and** then **circumcised him, and he survived. And they would call him Natan the Babylonian after my name.** This incident indicates that a red lung can heal.


###### Chullin 47b:5
[Chullin 47b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:5)

וְשׁוּב פַּעַם אַחַת הָלַכְתִּי לִמְדִינַת קַפּוֹטְקְיָא, בָּאתָה אִשָּׁה לְפָנַי, שֶׁמָּלָה בְּנָהּ רִאשׁוֹן וָמֵת, שֵׁנִי וָמֵת, שְׁלִישִׁי הֱבִיאַתּוּ לְפָנַי, רְאִיתִיו שֶׁהָיָה יָרוֹק, הֵצַצְתִּי בּוֹ וְלֹא הָיָה בּוֹ דַּם בְּרִית, אָמַרְתִּי לָהּ: בִּתִּי, הַמְתִּינִי לוֹ עַד שֶׁיִּפּוֹל בּוֹ דָּמוֹ, הִמְתִּינָה לוֹ וּמָלָה אוֹתוֹ וְחָיָה, וְהָיוּ קוֹרִין אוֹתוֹ נָתָן הַבַּבְלִי עַל שְׁמִי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rabbi Natan further related: **And on another occasion I went to the state of Cappadocia,** and **a woman came before me who circumcised her first son and he died,** and she circumcised her **second** son **and he died.** Out of concern that circumcising her **third** son might cause him to die as well, **she brought him before me. I saw that he was green,** i.e., pale. **I looked at him and** saw that **he did not have the blood of circumcision in him,** i.e., he had a deficiency of blood such that no blood would emerge from the circumcision. **I said to her: My daughter, wait until his blood enters him. She waited for his** blood to increase **and** then **circumcised him, and he survived. And they would call his name Natan the Babylonian after my name.** This incident indicates that a green lung can heal as well.


###### Chullin 47b:6
[Chullin 47b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:6)

אָמַר רַב כָּהֲנָא: כְּכַבְדָּא – כְּשֵׁרָה, כְּבִשְׂרָא – טְרֵפָה, וְסִימָנָיךְ: ״וּבָשָׂר בַּשָּׂדֶה טְרֵפָה״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Kahana says:** If the lung has an appearance **like the liver,** the animal is **kosher.** If it has an appearance **like flesh,** the animal is **a *tereifa*. And your mnemonic** to remember that the latter is a *tereifa* is the verse: “You shall not eat any **flesh that is torn of animals [*tereifa*] in the field”** (Exodus 22:30).


###### Chullin 47b:7
[Chullin 47b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:7)

אָמַר רַב סַמָּא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרָבָא: הַאי רֵיאָה דְּדָמְיָא כִּכְשׁוּתָא, וּכְמוֹרִיקָא, וּכְגוֹן בֵּיעֲתָא – טְרֵפָה. אֶלָּא יְרוּקָּה דִּכְשֵׁרָה הֵיכִי דָּמְיָא? כְּכַרָּתֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Sama, son of Rava, says: This lung** whose appearance **resembles dodder, or saffron, or** has a yellow color **such as** that of **an egg** yolk, renders the animal **a *tereifa*.** Since all of these appearances are various shades of green, the Gemara asks: **But the green** lung **that is kosher, what is it like?** The Gemara responds: It is **like a leek.**


###### Chullin 47b:8
[Chullin 47b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:8)

אָמַר רָבִינָא: אָטוּם בְּרֵיאָה, מַיְיתִינַן סַכִּינָא וְקָרְעִינַן לַהּ, אִי אִית בַּהּ מוּגְלָא – וַדַּאי מֵחֲמַת מוּגְלָא הוּא, וּכְשֵׁרָה, וְאִי לָא – מוֹתְבִינַן עֲלַהּ גַּדְפָּא אוֹ רוּקָּא, אִי מְבַצְבְּצָא – כְּשֵׁרָה, וְאִי לָא – טְרֵפָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Ravina says:** If there was **a sealed** area **in the lung** that does not inflate, **we bring a knife and tear it open. If there is pus in** the sealed area, then **it** was **definitely** sealed **due to the pus, and** the animal is **kosher. But if** we do **not** find pus there, **we lay a feather or saliva on** the opening and inflate the lung. **If** the saliva **bubbles** or the feather moves, the animal is **kosher,** since some air does reach the area, **and if not,** there is some defect in the lung, and the animal is **a *tereifa*.**


###### Chullin 47b:9
[Chullin 47b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:9)

אָמַר רַב יוֹסֵף: קְרוּם שֶׁעָלָה מֵחֲמַת מַכָּה בָּרֵיאָה – אֵינוֹ קְרוּם, וְאָמַר רַב יוֹסֵף: הַאי רֵיאָה דְּאָוְושָׁא, אִי יָדְעִינַן הֵיכָא אָוְושָׁא – מַנְּחִינַן עֲלַהּ גַּדְפָּא אוֹ גִילָא אוֹ רוּקָּא, אִי מְבַצְבְּצָא – טְרֵפָה, וְאִי לָא – כְּשֵׁרָה, וְאִי לָא יָדְעִינַן לַהּ – מַיְיתִינַן מְשִׁיכְלְתָא דְּמַיָּא פָּשׁוֹרֵי וּמוֹתְבִינַן לַהּ בְּגַוַּהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Yosef says: A membrane that appeared due to a wound in the lung,** i.e., a scab that covered a perforation through the lung, **is not** considered a true **membrane,** since it does not last. **And Rav Yosef says:** With regard to **this lung that emits a sound** when inflated, **if we know** from **where it emits a sound, we set a feather, or straw, or saliva on** that point. **If** the saliva **bubbles** when the lung is inflated, the animal is **a *tereifa*,** since this proves that the lung is perforated through both membranes. **And if not,** the animal is **kosher. And if we do not know** from where **it** emits a sound, **we bring a basin of tepid water and set** the lung **inside it.**


###### Chullin 47b:10
[Chullin 47b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:10)

בְּחַמִּימֵי לָא – דְּכָוְוצִי, בְּקָרִירֵי לָא – דִּמְטָרְשִׁי, אֶלָּא בָּדְקִינַן לַהּ בְּפָשׁוֹרֵי. אִי מְבַצְבְּצָא – טְרֵפָה, וְאִי לָא – כְּשֵׁרָה. תַּתָּאָה אִינְּקִיב, עִילָּאָה לָא אִינְּקִיב, וְהַאי דְּאָוְושָׁא – זִיקָא דְּבֵינֵי וּבֵינֵי הוּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
One **cannot** place it **in hot water, as it** causes the lung to **contract,** closing the perforation. And one **cannot** place it **in cold water, as it hardens** the lung and may cause it to crack. **Rather, we check it in tepid water. If** the water **bubbles,** the animal is **a *tereifa*. And if not,** the animal is **kosher,** since it is apparent that only **the inner** membrane **is perforated** and **the outer** membrane **is not perforated, and the** fact **that it emits a sound is** due to **the air** moving in the space **between** the two membranes.


###### Chullin 47b:11
[Chullin 47b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:11)

אָמַר עוּלָּא אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: רֵיאָה שֶׁנִּשְׁפְּכָה כְּקִיתוֹן, כְּשֵׁרָה. אַלְמָא קָסָבַר: חִסָּרוֹן מִבִּפְנִים לָא שְׁמֵיהּ חִסָּרוֹן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Ulla says** that **Rabbi Yoḥanan says:** An animal with **a lung that** liquefied and can be **poured** out **like** water from **a jug** is **kosher.** The Gemara notes: **Evidently,** Rabbi Yoḥanan **holds** that **a deficiency on the inside** of an organ **is not considered a deficiency.** Only a deficiency in the wall or membrane of an organ renders an animal a *tereifa*.


###### Chullin 47b:12
[Chullin 47b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:12)

אֵיתִיבֵיהּ רַבִּי אַבָּא לְעוּלָּא: ״הָרֵיאָה שֶׁנִּיקְּבָה אוֹ שֶׁחָסְרָה״. מַאי חָסְרָה? אִילֵימָא מִבַּחוּץ – הַיְינוּ נִיקְּבָה! אֶלָּא לָאו מִבִּפְנִים, וּשְׁמַע מִינַּהּ: חִסָּרוֹן מִבִּפְנִים שְׁמֵיהּ חִסָּרוֹן!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Abba raised an objection to Ulla** from the mishna, which states: **The lung that was perforated or that was missing** a piece renders the animal a *tereifa*. **What** is the case of a lung that was **missing** a piece? **If we say** that it was missing a piece **on the outside, this is** the same as if it **was perforated,** since any missing piece of the lung wall would constitute a perforation. **Rather, is it not** referring to a missing piece **on the inside?** If so, **learn from** the mishna that **a deficiency on the inside** of an organ **is considered a deficiency** to render the animal a *tereifa*.


###### Chullin 47b:13
[Chullin 47b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:13)

לָא, לְעוֹלָם מִבַּחוּץ, וּדְקָא אָמְרַתְּ הַיְינוּ נִיקְּבָה – לָא צְרִיכָא לְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן, דְּאָמַר: עַד שֶׁתִּנָּקֵב לְבֵית הַסִּמְפּוֹנוֹת. הָנֵי מִילֵּי נֶקֶב דְּלֵית בֵּיהּ חִסָּרוֹן, אֲבָל נֶקֶב דְּאִית בֵּיהּ חִסָּרוֹן – אֲפִילּוּ רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן מוֹדֶה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara responds: **No,** the mishna **actually** is referring to a missing piece **on the outside. And** with regard to **that which you said: This is** the same as if it **was perforated,** one may respond that **no,** it is **necessary** to mention both cases to account **for** the opinion of **Rabbi Shimon** in the mishna, **who says:** It is not a *tereifa* **until** the lung **is perforated** through **to the bronchi.** By mentioning both cases, the mishna teaches that **this statement** of Rabbi Shimon applies only to a small **perforation that does not constitute a deficiency. But** in the case of **a perforation** so large **that** it **constitutes a deficiency, even Rabbi Shimon concedes** that it renders the animal a *tereifa* even if the perforation does not reach the bronchi.


###### Chullin 47b:14
[Chullin 47b:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:14)

רַבִּי חֲנַנְיָה חֲלַשׁ, עָל לְגַבֵּיהּ רַבִּי נָתָן וְכׇל גְּדוֹלֵי הַדּוֹר, אַיְיתוֹ קַמֵּיהּ רֵיאָה שֶׁנִּשְׁפְּכָה כְּקִיתוֹן, וְאַכְשְׁרַהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates that **Rabbi Ḥananya became sick. Rabbi Natan and all the eminent** scholars **of the generation entered before him** to visit. **They brought before him a lung that** could be **poured** out **like** water from **a jug, and he deemed** the animal **kosher.**


###### Chullin 47b:15
[Chullin 47b:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:15)

אָמַר רָבָא: וְהוּא דְּקָיְימִי סִמְפּוֹנוֹת. אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב אַחָא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרָבָא לְרַב אָשֵׁי: מְנָא יָדְעִינַן? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: מַיְיתִינַן צָעָא דְּקוּנְיָא, וְשָׁפְכִינַן לַהּ בְּגַוֵּיהּ. אִי אִית בַּהּ שׁוּרְיָיקֵי חִיוָּרֵי – טְרֵפָה, וְאִי לָא – כְּשֵׁרָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rava said: This** is the *halakha* only if the **bronchi** still **exist** and only the flesh of the lung has liquefied. **Rav Aḥa, son of Rava, said to Rav Ashi: From where do we know** whether the bronchi still exist? Rav Ashi **said to him: We bring** a glazed **earthenware vessel** with no cracks, so the contents can be observed, **and we pour** the lung **into it. If there are white streaks in it,** the animal is **a *tereifa*,** as the white streaks are remains of the liquefied bronchi. **And if not,** the animal is **kosher.**


###### Chullin 47b:16
[Chullin 47b:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Chullin/r/47b:16)

אָמַר רַב נַחְמָן: רֵיאָה שֶׁנִּימּוֹקָה וּקְרוּם שֶׁלָּהּ קַיָּים – כְּשֵׁרָה. תַּנְיָא נָמֵי הָכִי: רֵיאָה שֶׁנִּימּוֹקָה וּקְרוּם שֶׁלָּהּ קַיָּים, אֲפִילּוּ מַחְזֶקֶת רְבִיעִית – כְּשֵׁרָה. נִיטְּלָה

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Naḥman says: If the lung** was partially **atrophied** and only part of the flesh remains, **but its membrane** still **exists,** the animal is **kosher.** The Gemara notes: **This is also taught** in a *baraita*: **If the lung was atrophied, but its membrane** still **exists, even** if the space vacated by the atrophied lung can **hold a quarter-***log* of fluid, the animal is **kosher.**